The document covers preterite forms of the verb "ver" (to see), making comparisons in Spanish using "más" and "menos" plus an adjective, and uses of direct objects in Spanish sentences translated from English. Examples are provided to illustrate comparisons and how direct object pronouns "lo", "los", "la", and "las" replace nouns in Spanish sentences corresponding to English questions and responses.

1. Chapter 9 Preterite of “ver,” comparisons, and direct objects

2. The preterite of “ver” (to see) Here are the forms of the verb “ver” in the preterite tense. “Ver” is slightly irregular in the preterite: vi vimos viste vi ó vieron

3. Comparisons In English, comparisons are typically made by adding an “er” to the end of an adjective. For example: Mr. Hahn is smart er than Mrs. Hahn. Accounting is cool er than Spanish.

4. However… We could make those same comparisons in a slightly different way: Mr. Hahn is more intelligent than Mrs. Hahn. Spanish is less cool than Accounting. I say this because the Spanish construction is exactly like the above sentences.

5. In Spanish: The construction is this: m ás + adjective + que or menos + adjective + que

6. Some Examples: I am taller than Marta. Yo soy m ás alto que Marta. They are more popular than us. Son más populares que nosotros. She is less interesting than her brother. Ella es menos interesante que su hermano.

7. Special Cases: To say “better” we use the word “mejor,” and to say “worse” we use the word “peor.” School is better than work Escuela es mejor que trabajo. Steinbeck is worse than Hemingway. Steinbeck es peor que Hemingway.

8. Direct Objects We use direct objects in English all the time. They simply refer to words spoken in a previous sentence. Did you read the magazine? Yes I read it. “ It” is the direct object in this case for two reasons. It is the object receiving action. It is replacing “magazine” from the previous sentence.

9. So, what are they in Spanish? We are going to learn four of the direct objects in Spanish. lo (him, it) los (them-masc.) la (her, it) las (them-fem.)

10. Here are some sentences: Do you have the books? Yes, I have them . Tienes los libros? S í, los tengo. Did you see the movie? No, we didn’t see it . ¿Vieron la película? No, no la vimos. Did you guys talk to Jan and Emilia? Yes, we talked to them . Uds. Hablaron a Jan y Emilia. Sí, las hablamos.

11. PLEASE ASK QUESTIONS!! The direct object section can be somewhat tricky. Stop and ask me if you have questions!!! Or email me at [email_address] . The information covered in this presentation came from pages 242-244 of your textbook.