This document discusses the structure and process of writing a research paper. It explains that a research paper includes an introduction that provides background on the topic, a body with arguments to support the thesis, and a conclusion that restates the main points. It also covers choosing a topic, creating an outline, drafting the paper, using quotes and citations, and compiling a bibliography. The document provides examples of different paper structures, from a standard research paper to a dissertation. It emphasizes that writing a research paper involves critical thinking to form and support an argument, not just finding good quotes.
How to publish a technical paper in SCI Journals?Ajay Kumar
Dr. N. SELVAKUMAR, M.E., Ph.D., FIE.,
Senior Professor,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi
E mail: nselva@mepcoeng.ac.in
IN THIS Presentation will see:
1- WHAT IS AN ABSTRACT
2- FOR WHAT PURPOSES
3- DIFFERENT TYPES OF ABSTRACT
4- WHAT TO INCLUDE
5- WHAT NOT TO INCLUDE
6- SOME EXAMPLES
How to write an outline for a research paper (1)EssayAcademy
This is no the first time we give recommendations as for wring an Outline for a Research Paper. Here you can also find useful information and some details. Please follow this link for more details https://essay-academy.com/account/blog/how-to-write-an-outline-for-a-research-paper
These slides are related to our last event at the Sapienza University of Rome for the graduate students. Please follow our website: https://www.facebook.com/psa.sapienza
How to publish a technical paper in SCI Journals?Ajay Kumar
Dr. N. SELVAKUMAR, M.E., Ph.D., FIE.,
Senior Professor,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi
E mail: nselva@mepcoeng.ac.in
IN THIS Presentation will see:
1- WHAT IS AN ABSTRACT
2- FOR WHAT PURPOSES
3- DIFFERENT TYPES OF ABSTRACT
4- WHAT TO INCLUDE
5- WHAT NOT TO INCLUDE
6- SOME EXAMPLES
How to write an outline for a research paper (1)EssayAcademy
This is no the first time we give recommendations as for wring an Outline for a Research Paper. Here you can also find useful information and some details. Please follow this link for more details https://essay-academy.com/account/blog/how-to-write-an-outline-for-a-research-paper
These slides are related to our last event at the Sapienza University of Rome for the graduate students. Please follow our website: https://www.facebook.com/psa.sapienza
Research is "creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of knowledge". It involves the collection, organization and analysis of evidence to increase understanding of a topic, characterized by a particular attentiveness to controlling sources of bias and error.
WRITING CENTRE Level 3 East, Hub Central North Terrace.docxjeffevans62972
WRITING CENTRE
Level 3 East, Hub Central
North Terrace campus, The University of Adelaide
ph +61 8 8313 3021
[email protected]
www.adelaide.edu.au/writingcentre/
Writing a Literature Review
Writing Centre Learning Guide
At some point in your university study, you may be asked to review the literature on
a certain subject or in a particular area. Such a review involves comparing different
writers’ ideas or perspectives on a topic and evaluating these ideas, all in relation to
your own work. A literature review differs from an article review in that it involves
writing about several writers’ ideas, rather than evaluating a single article. It is also
different to an annotated bibliography, which is usually a series of short reflections
on individual pieces of writing.
Introduction
The literature review enables you and your reader to get an overview of a certain subject, so that it
is clear who the main writers are in the field, and which main points need to be addressed. It
should be an evaluative piece of writing, rather than just a description. This means that you need to
weigh up arguments and critique ideas, rather than just providing a list of what different writers
have said. It is up to you to decide what the reader needs to know on the topic, but you should only
include the main pieces of writing in this area; a literature review does not need to include
everything ever written on the topic. The most important thing is to show how the literature relates
to your own work.
You may be writing a literature review as part of a thesis, or as an exercise in itself. Whatever the
reason, there are many benefits to writing a literature review. It provides an opportunity to:
identify a gap in previous research
outline the main arguments in your field
show that you are familiar with the literature on your topic
indicate who the main writers are in a particular area
evaluate previous studies
position your work in relation to other writers
identify areas of controversy
support your own work by citing other authors
highlight current literature and use older sources where relevant
see what previous methodologies have been used and to avoid making the same mistakes
as previous researchers
demonstrate that you can do research
avoid plagiarism and demonstrate your referencing skills
provide a clear theoretical framework
2
demonstrate your understanding of the key ideas and concepts in your topic
define your terms, drawing on other writers’ definitions
make you more confident that your area of research is worth studying.
(adapted from Bruce 2002; Clerehan 1999; CQUniversity 2010; Leedy & Ormrod 2005; Littrell 2003;
Roberts & Taylor 2002; Study and Learning Centre, RMIT 2005; Swales & Feak 1994)
What to include
There are many types of literature that you could include in a review, but as far as possible you
should use primary sources. .
Essay Topic:
Name(s):
Category
5
4
3
2
1
Your score
Supporting Evidence
Student(s) provide a very wide range of materials to support their claims and statements (articles, cases, legislations, etc.)
Student(s) provide strong supporting evidence to back their claims
Student(s) provide adequate evidence to support claims
Student(s) provide weak evidence.
Student(s) provide no supporting evidence.
Structure and effectiveness
Essay is excellently structured with an introduction, body and conclusion. Essay maintains a clear thesis, and clear focus.
Essay is well structured with a good thesis and effective structure.
Essay is adequately structured and presented.
Essay is poorly structured and not well presented.
Essay has no structure and is ineffective in explaining the concepts.
Use of Sources
Essay contains a wide variety of sources and the student makes excellent use of referencing throughout the essay.
Essay contains a decent number of sources and student makes strong use of reference throughout.
Essay contains an adequate amount of sources and student makes adequate use of references throughout.
Essay contains a weak variety of sources and little referencing is made throughout essay.
Essay contains no references and a weak/non-existent bibliography
Critical Thinking
Essay contains insightful analysis with unique presentation clear connections made to real life.
Essay contains strong indications of critical thinking.
Essay contains average indications of critical thinking
Essay contains very little critical thinking.
Essay contains no critical thinking and weak analysis.
Comments
TOTAL
/20
Your assignment is to write a research project that includes a review of the current understanding of the topic, a clearly stated hypothesis, a description of the experimental or observational methods you would use to test your hypothesis, and a discussion of how your research will contribute to the field of this Course. Before you begin writing your proposal, you must conduct considerable research to determine what studies have been done and what questions remain unanswered. This library research should continue as you write to help you dig deeper into the topic, formulate your ideas, and devise your methods. Be prepared to make room for this back and forth between research and writing as you consider and reconsider your project ideas and begin drafting your proposal. You are free to select a topic you feel comfortable with.
The length of paper should contain no more than 1500 words.
I. Organisation
1. Abstract
The objective of this very short statement is to tell the reader something about the purpose of the course work and its content. You should explain what you intend to do and why. Then you should tell the reader what you did and what you would recommend.
The Abstract should be written at the end, when you have finished your work and the structure is complete. It may du.
The ultimate goal of scientific research is publication so as to showcase the research outcomes. Scientists, starting as graduate students, are measured primarily not by their dexterity in laboratory manipulations, not by their innate knowledge of either broad or narrow scientific subjects, and certainly not by their wit or charm; they are measured, and become known by their publications. A scientific experiment, no matter how spectacular the results, is not completed until the results are published. In fact, the cornerstone of the philosophy of science is based on the fundamental assumption that original research must be published; only thus can new scientific knowledge be authenticated and then added to the existing databases. In this paper, a practitioners approach to write an effective paper is presented in a chronological order. Further, writing style of effective research paper, a review technique to conduct a methodical survey in a systematic manner and finally an effective research plan for forthcoming research scholars is discussed. This research work provides an effective direction to write, submit and publish the effort put into doing research into a published form.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
MATATAG CURRICULUM: ASSESSING THE READINESS OF ELEM. PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS I...NelTorrente
In this research, it concludes that while the readiness of teachers in Caloocan City to implement the MATATAG Curriculum is generally positive, targeted efforts in professional development, resource distribution, support networks, and comprehensive preparation can address the existing gaps and ensure successful curriculum implementation.
Delivering Micro-Credentials in Technical and Vocational Education and TrainingAG2 Design
Explore how micro-credentials are transforming Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) with this comprehensive slide deck. Discover what micro-credentials are, their importance in TVET, the advantages they offer, and the insights from industry experts. Additionally, learn about the top software applications available for creating and managing micro-credentials. This presentation also includes valuable resources and a discussion on the future of these specialised certifications.
For more detailed information on delivering micro-credentials in TVET, visit this https://tvettrainer.com/delivering-micro-credentials-in-tvet/
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
2. Contents
I . What is a Research Paper
II. The Structure of a Research Paper
III. The Process of Writing a Research
Paper
IV. Use of Quotations
3. I. What is a research paper?
A library paper, a term paper or a thesis.
4. Writing research papers
II. The structure of a research paper
A
research
paper
TThheessiiss ssttaatteemmeenntt aanndd oouuttlliinnee
IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn
BBooddyy
CCoonncclluussiioonn
NNootteess aanndd bbiibblliiooggrraapphhyy
5. II. The structure of a research paper
TThheessiiss ssttaatteemmeenntt aanndd oouuttlliinnee
A general statement that
announces the major conclusions
you reached through a thoughtful
analysis of all your sources.
6. II. The structure of a research paper
TThheessiiss ssttaatteemmeenntt aanndd oouuttlliinnee
Appears at the beginning of the paper
The focus of the paper
The main point of view of the
paper
Have an argumentative edge
Usually in one sentence
7. III. The structure of a research paper
IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn
Explains the writer’s motive, intention or
purpose in discussing his or her topic, and
its scope and focus.
Provides the background or the situation
the reader may need.
8. Main Body of the Paper
Explains, illustrates, argues for,
or support the thesis.
9. III. The structure of a research paper
BBooddyy
The biggest part of the paper.
Where the writer elaborates his or her
ideas in detail.
10. III. The structure of a research paper
CCoonncclluussiioonn
A summary or restatement of the point of
view put forward;
Or an answer to the question posed, in the
introduction.
11. Writing research papers
What is a bibliography?
A bibliography is a list of books, articles, and
other publications which serve as the sources
of information for your paper.
12. Writing research papers
Use of notes and Bibliography
Read Use of notes in the textbook by yourself,
then answer the following questions:
Why do we need to use notes in our papers?
What are the rules concerning using notes?
13. III. The structure of a research paper
NNootteess aanndd bbiibblliiooggrraapphhyy
Notes may be placed at the bottom of the
page on which the references occur
(footnote), or given in a consecutive series
at the end of the paper (endnotes).
The bibliography should be placed after
the endnotes on a separate sheet or
sheets.
14. Writing research papers
The different ways of handling notes and a
bibliography:
An example of a bibliography:
Ryan, Edwin . A College Handbook to
Newman . Washington, D. C. : Catholic
Education P, 1930.
An example of a footnote:
1 Edwin Ryan, A College Handbook to
Newman ( Washington, D. C. : Catholic
Education P, 1930 , p109 )
15. Abstract
A brief summary of the thesis,
major points and illustrations of the
whole paper, usually within one
page.
16. Examples of Abstract
Ex.1 Rethinking the Teaching of English
in the Classroom
Abstract: The results of two surveys on Chinese College
students prompt the authors of this paper to explore factors
that result in the inefficiency of the teaching of English
writing in the Chinese classroom. The factors include:
misunderstanding of the nature of writing, and of the
teacher’s role; problem with writing textbooks; insufficient
English writing research.
18. Abstract: Reading and writing, which are essentially
interactive in nature, are best regarded as two sides
of the one process instead of two separated
performances. From this viewpoint, we can learn to
write by reading in the role of the writer, in which
the interactions between reading and writing,
readers and writers are the key factor in helping
students acquire the ability of composing. This
paper is to discuss the interactive relations between
reading and writing so as to find ways to help
students in learning to write. The paper ends up with
some interactive training exercises for learning to
write from reading.
Key words: writing; reading; interaction; writers;
readers; transforming
19. Structure of this paper
1. 引言
2. 阅读中的交互
2.1 读者与作者
2.2 读者与文本
3. 写作中的交互
3.1 作者与读者
3.2 写与读
4. 读写交互训练
5. 结束语
21. Title page
Title
By ★★★ (Writer’s name)
The name and section number of the
course
The instructor’s name
Date
22. Main Body of the Dissertation
An Introduction Chapter (Motivation & background)
Several major categories Chapters ★
(with their various subdivisions )
A Conclusion Chapter (Contributions & limitations)
23. In-between chapters
• Literature Review
• Theoretical Bases
• Study Methodology
• Data Analysis, Results and
Discussions
• Suggestions and Solutions
24. III. The Process of Writing a
Research Paper
Writing a research paper requires
students to think, not just to go on a
treasure hunt for good quotations.
Instead they need to:
1) Explore an idea in a systematic way;
2) Interpret what they read;
3) Form a thesis
4) Support that thesis with valid and well-documented
evidence.
25. The Method of Research
Explore the library
Decide on the subject matter
Follow a certain order of research
Types of sources
Evaluate source materials
The reading of source materials
Write down the information on the
research cards
26. Writing research papers
How to write a research paper?
First, you carefully choose your topic.★
Second, you make a working outline.
Third, you gather the relevant material in
order to develop your research paper.
Forth, you compose your research paper.
(1) write your first draft as freely as possible.
(2) revise the first draft for its material
content.
Finally, go over to strengthen the research
paper.
27. Choose a Suitable Topic
Finding an appropriate topic
Narrowing the topic to a manageable size
28. Choose a Suitable Topic
Fits the assignment
Narrow enough to allow in-depth analysis
Neither too broad nor too narrow
Avoid a topic without a point or purpose
Able to reach a conclusion
29. American Indians
The American Indians made important
contributions to American culture / the
educational policies of the Bureau of
Indian Affairs were damaging to Indian
culture.
30. Prepare the thesis and the outline
• Establish the thesis
• The functions of the thesis
– It establishes a boundary around the
subject that discourages the writer
wandering aimlessly;
– It can chart an orderly course for the
essay, making it easier to write;
– It gives the reader an idea of what to
expect, making the paper consequently
easier to read.
• Write an outline
31. The First Draft
• Organize the notes
• Expand the notes
• Incorporate the notes
32. Writing research papers
IV. Use of quotations
A direct quotation: exactly the same as the
original; put in quotation marks.
An indirect quotation: an interpretation, a
paraphrase, or a summary of the original in
the writer’s own words.
33. Writing research papers
The rules regarding the use of quotation
are:
use them sparingly,
make them a natural part of the paper,
and provide the source of every quotation.
34. Writing research papers
1) When to use direct quotations
Firstly, if your subject is a literary one, you would, of
course, want to represent the style of the author.
Secondly, if the original is so perfectly stated that
much of its value is in the way it is worded, you may
want to quote the original.
Thirdly, if your source has made a statement which is
so outrageous or controversial that readers of your
paper might question whether you have represented
the idea correctly, quote the original statement.
35. Writing research papers
2) How to use direct quotations
Firstly, when you do quote, make every effort
you can to work the quotation into your own
statement.
Secondly, if the introduction words form a
complete sentence, use a colon.
Thirdly, if the introductory words do not form
a complete sentence, imagine that the quote
itself is the rest of the sentence and punctuate
accordingly.
36. Writing research papers
Sample Bibliography Card:
Source key for note cards Library call number
1.
81
S4
Cairn, John “The Cancer Problem,”
Scientific American , November 2003,
Vol.233 no. 5, 64 – 79
Eng. Ind
index
37. Writing research papers
Sample Note Card:
Incidence of cancer
About half of all cancer deaths
caused by cancers of three organs
— lung, large intestine, breast
Cairns 1. P.64
Topic heading
Source and pages
Back