Chapter 16 discusses persuasive public speaking, emphasizing the importance of speaker credibility (ethos), logical arguments (logos), and psychological appeals (pathos) in crafting an effective speech. It outlines the components of persuasive speeches, various logical fallacies to avoid, and methods to effectively present one's point of view. Additionally, it introduces models like Monroe's motivated sequence and factors that influence audience persuasion such as social support and individual norms.

1. Chapter 16: Persuasive Public Speaking If you are opinionated, here is your chance.

2. Types of persuasive speeches Conviction Action Good persuasive speeches are… Timely Controversial Audience-aware Well-developed Valuable to society

3. Persuasion process Claim Appeals Done? NO!

4. Persuasion process Things to consider Theory of field-related standards Not all people reach conclusion in the same way, thus they may react differently to the same evidence or psychological appeals Include as many appeals as you can Group norm standards When speaking to a group, you can assume that they will have some similar or overlapping views Individual norm standards Some individuals are more influential than others. If you get them on your side, everyone else is in the bag

5. Components of the persuasive speech

6. Components of a persuasive speech Ethos Speaker credibility Logos Logical arguments Pathos Psychological appeals

7. Speaker credibility (ethos) Competence Wisdom Authority knowledge

8. Ethos

9. Speaker credibility (ethos) Charisma Appealing Concerned Enthusiastic Sincere

10. Speaker credibility (ethos) Character Reputation Honesty Sensitivity

11. Logos

12. Logical arguments (logos) Your speech has to “make sense” Clear statement of the purpose of what you are proposing Reasons you believe or want the audience to believe in what you are proposing Cite credible sources Well-developed arguments that flow Statement of desired outcome, stand or action Absence of false facts, or partial information

13. Logical arguments guide your central idea Proposition of facts (will) Proposition of value (good, bad) Proposition of policy (should) Inductive argument (evidence, conclusion) Deductive argument (premise, conclusion) Whatever your choice, you need valid evidence

14. Logical fallacies Generalizations All Greeks… Faulty analogical reasoning AIDS vs. Bubonic plagues Faulty causal reasoning Something caused something else, no qualification Ignoring the issue Relevant arguments used to obscure the issue

15. Logical fallacies Ad hominem arguments Attacks on personal character of the source Ad populum arguments Appeal to people’s prejudices and passions Ad ignorantium arguments Attempt to prove that something is true because it cannot be disproved

16. How do you sell your point of view? Critical thinking Propose plan of action, Set forth criteria, Propose solution Comparative advantage Propose solution(s) that are workable, desirable, and practical

17. How do you sell your point of view? Elaboration Likelihood Model If the topic is one that the listener has encountered before, is interested and involved in, and enjoys talking about, he/she is more likely to process the speaker’s arguments

18. How do you sell your point of view? Social support If the individual feels that he/she has the support of others and they’re all “in it together,” he/she will be persuaded by a message

19. How do you sell your point of view? Monroe’s Motivated Sequence Attention Need Satisfaction Visualization Action

20. Pathos

21. Psychological appeals (pathos) Ethnographic theory of human drives Survival Pleasure Security Territoriality Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

22. Appeals to motivate listeners Adventure Anger Companionship Deference Fear Gender Guilt Happiness Health Hero worship Humor Independence Liking Loyalty Nostalgia Revulsion Safety Savings Sex Sympathy

23. And remember that all of this has to be arranged in a way that makes sense

25. BONUS