Chapter 13 notes
•Download as DOCX, PDF•
0 likes•657 views
This document contains summaries of several sections from a chapter on genetics: 1. It discusses different types of gene mutations including substitutions, insertions, deletions, and chromosomal mutations like deletions, duplications, inversions, and translocations. 2. It notes that most mutations are not harmful and lists mutagens as things that can cause mutations, like chemicals and physical agents. 3. It briefly outlines prokaryotic gene regulation using the example of the lac operon in E. coli, and lists promoters, operators, and transcription factors as aspects of eukaryotic gene regulation.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Chapter 13 notes
RNA and protein synthesis are explained in four sections: I) RNA types and functions, II) Ribosomes and protein synthesis, III) Mutations, and IV) Gene regulation and expression. RNA has three main types - messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA - and is synthesized through transcription. Protein synthesis involves translation of mRNA into proteins using tRNA, rRNA, and ribosomes. Mutations can occur during transcription or translation. Gene expression and regulation control which genes are expressed.
Transcription and translation
This document provides an overview of transcription and translation. It discusses how DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated into proteins. Transcription occurs in the nucleus and involves RNA polymerase making a complementary mRNA copy of a DNA sequence. The mRNA then undergoes processing before being exported to the cytoplasm. Translation takes place on ribosomes, where tRNA brings amino acids specified by mRNA codons to form a polypeptide chain. The genetic code maps codons to their corresponding amino acids.
Unit 5 dna etc for moodle 2013
This document provides information about DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis. It describes the key components and double helix structure of DNA, including that it is made of nucleotides containing deoxyribose, phosphate groups, and one of four nitrogen bases (A, T, C, or G). The bases pair up in a specific way between strands. RNA is similar but contains ribose and uracil instead of thymine. DNA is transcribed into mRNA in the nucleus, then mRNA directs protein synthesis on ribosomes by matching codons to transfer RNA and amino acids. Mutations can occur through changes in the DNA sequence.
Unit B7 8 Protein Synthesis
The document provides information about protein synthesis, including:
1. Protein synthesis involves transcription of DNA into mRNA in the nucleus, and translation of mRNA into proteins at ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
2. Key molecules involved include DNA, mRNA, tRNA, ribosomes, and amino acids. DNA contains the genetic code. mRNA carries the code to the ribosomes. tRNA brings amino acids and pairs with mRNA codons.
3. Transcription and translation involve initiation, elongation, and termination steps. During transcription, RNA polymerase copies DNA onto mRNA. During translation, ribosomes read mRNA and link amino acids using tRNA.
Rna protein-synthesis
This document discusses RNA, ribosomes, and protein synthesis. It explains that DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA, which directs the process of translation where transfer RNA and ribosomes work together to assemble amino acids into proteins according to the genetic code stored in DNA. The central dogma of molecular biology is that DNA makes RNA makes protein, with three types of RNA - messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA - all playing important roles in the transfer of genetic information from DNA to protein.
Rna and protein synthesis
1. The document describes the three main steps in protein synthesis: transcription, RNA processing, and translation.
2. Transcription involves copying a segment of DNA into a complementary mRNA molecule. RNA processing removes introns from pre-mRNA, joining exons to create mature mRNA.
3. Translation uses the mRNA to sequence amino acids via tRNA molecules on ribosomes, forming proteins according to the genetic code.
types of RNA
There are three main types of RNA: transfer RNA (tRNA) which transfers amino acids to ribosomes for protein assembly, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) which forms ribosomes along with proteins, and messenger RNA (mRNA) which carries genetic code from DNA in the nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm where proteins are made. mRNA is single stranded and made of 1000 nucleotides.
Rna protein synthesis
This document summarizes key aspects of RNA and DNA, including that RNA is single-stranded, contains ribose and uracil, and comes in three main types: mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA. It also compares RNA and DNA, noting DNA is double-stranded, contains deoxyribose, and remains in the nucleus, while RNA can leave the nucleus. The document then discusses gene expression and protein synthesis, including the roles of transcription, translation, and messenger RNA carrying codons that determine the amino acid sequence of proteins.
Recommended
Chapter 13 notes
RNA and protein synthesis are explained in four sections: I) RNA types and functions, II) Ribosomes and protein synthesis, III) Mutations, and IV) Gene regulation and expression. RNA has three main types - messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA - and is synthesized through transcription. Protein synthesis involves translation of mRNA into proteins using tRNA, rRNA, and ribosomes. Mutations can occur during transcription or translation. Gene expression and regulation control which genes are expressed.
Transcription and translation
This document provides an overview of transcription and translation. It discusses how DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated into proteins. Transcription occurs in the nucleus and involves RNA polymerase making a complementary mRNA copy of a DNA sequence. The mRNA then undergoes processing before being exported to the cytoplasm. Translation takes place on ribosomes, where tRNA brings amino acids specified by mRNA codons to form a polypeptide chain. The genetic code maps codons to their corresponding amino acids.
Unit 5 dna etc for moodle 2013
This document provides information about DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis. It describes the key components and double helix structure of DNA, including that it is made of nucleotides containing deoxyribose, phosphate groups, and one of four nitrogen bases (A, T, C, or G). The bases pair up in a specific way between strands. RNA is similar but contains ribose and uracil instead of thymine. DNA is transcribed into mRNA in the nucleus, then mRNA directs protein synthesis on ribosomes by matching codons to transfer RNA and amino acids. Mutations can occur through changes in the DNA sequence.
Unit B7 8 Protein Synthesis
The document provides information about protein synthesis, including:
1. Protein synthesis involves transcription of DNA into mRNA in the nucleus, and translation of mRNA into proteins at ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
2. Key molecules involved include DNA, mRNA, tRNA, ribosomes, and amino acids. DNA contains the genetic code. mRNA carries the code to the ribosomes. tRNA brings amino acids and pairs with mRNA codons.
3. Transcription and translation involve initiation, elongation, and termination steps. During transcription, RNA polymerase copies DNA onto mRNA. During translation, ribosomes read mRNA and link amino acids using tRNA.
Rna protein-synthesis
This document discusses RNA, ribosomes, and protein synthesis. It explains that DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA, which directs the process of translation where transfer RNA and ribosomes work together to assemble amino acids into proteins according to the genetic code stored in DNA. The central dogma of molecular biology is that DNA makes RNA makes protein, with three types of RNA - messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA - all playing important roles in the transfer of genetic information from DNA to protein.
Rna and protein synthesis
1. The document describes the three main steps in protein synthesis: transcription, RNA processing, and translation.
2. Transcription involves copying a segment of DNA into a complementary mRNA molecule. RNA processing removes introns from pre-mRNA, joining exons to create mature mRNA.
3. Translation uses the mRNA to sequence amino acids via tRNA molecules on ribosomes, forming proteins according to the genetic code.
types of RNA
There are three main types of RNA: transfer RNA (tRNA) which transfers amino acids to ribosomes for protein assembly, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) which forms ribosomes along with proteins, and messenger RNA (mRNA) which carries genetic code from DNA in the nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm where proteins are made. mRNA is single stranded and made of 1000 nucleotides.
Rna protein synthesis
This document summarizes key aspects of RNA and DNA, including that RNA is single-stranded, contains ribose and uracil, and comes in three main types: mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA. It also compares RNA and DNA, noting DNA is double-stranded, contains deoxyribose, and remains in the nucleus, while RNA can leave the nucleus. The document then discusses gene expression and protein synthesis, including the roles of transcription, translation, and messenger RNA carrying codons that determine the amino acid sequence of proteins.
Rna
RNA differs from DNA in its sugar (ribose vs deoxyribose), bases (uracil replaces thymine), and structure (usually single-stranded instead of double helix). There are several types of RNA, including messenger RNA (mRNA) which carries genetic code from DNA to ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA) which transfers amino acids to ribosomes using anticodons that match mRNA codons, and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) which makes up ribosomal structure and acts as an enzyme during protein synthesis.
Chapter 9 & 10 notes part 2
DNA replication is the process where DNA separates into two strands and uses free nucleotides to form an exact copy of each strand, resulting in two complete DNA molecules. Transcription is where one strand of DNA is copied into a similar strand of RNA, with some differences in RNA. There are three types of RNA: mRNA which acts as a pattern for protein amino acids, tRNA which carries amino acids to ribosomes, and rRNA found in ribosomes. Translation is where the bases on mRNA act as a code read by ribosomes to bring the correct amino acids carried by tRNA, building a protein chain.
Gene Expression/ Protein Synthesis
1. DNA contains the genetic code and instructions for making proteins, which it stores in the cell nucleus. 2. During transcription, RNA polymerase copies DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA) which carries the code to the cytoplasm. 3. In translation, ribosomes use mRNA to produce proteins according to the genetic code by linking amino acids specified by mRNA codons. 4. Newly formed proteins travel to the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi body for processing and packaging before use in the cell.
Ribonucleic acid or RNA
Ribonucleic acid is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes.
structure types and function of RNA
RNA is one of the major biological macromolecules essential for life. It has several types that serve different functions. Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes for protein synthesis. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is the catalytic component of ribosomes and is involved in protein translation. Transfer RNA (tRNA) transfers specific amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain during translation.
IB Biology 2.7 Slides: Transcription & Translation
Transcription and translation allow genes to be expressed as proteins. Transcription involves RNA polymerase copying a gene from DNA into mRNA. Translation uses the mRNA code to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain via tRNA and ribosomes. The genetic code pairs 3-nucleotide codons in mRNA with specific amino acids. This allows DNA sequences to be converted into proteins through sequential transcription and translation.
Rna . structure & functions
RNA uses ribose instead of deoxyribose in its backbone. The vicinal hydroxyl groups of RNA make it susceptible to hydrolysis from nucleophilic attack and alkaline conditions. RNA tends to be single-stranded and has a shallow minor groove and deep major groove. Non-coding RNAs make up 98% of human transcribed RNA and have important structural, catalytic, and regulatory functions including in mRNA processing, ribosome structure and function, gene regulation by microRNAs and siRNAs, and developmental timing.
DNA, RNA, and Proteins
The document outlines the process of how genetic information in DNA is used to produce proteins. It discusses how DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) in the cell nucleus, and then how mRNA is translated into proteins with the help of transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomes in the cytoplasm. The mRNA code uses three-letter combinations called codons to specify which of 20 amino acids should be included in the protein chain.
Rna structure
RNA has several types that perform different functions in the cell. Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes for protein synthesis. Transfer RNA (tRNA) transfers amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis by binding to mRNA codons through complementary base pairing. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is the major constituent of ribosomes and plays key roles in protein synthesis such as catalyzing peptide bond formation. The different RNA types have distinct structures that enable their functions.
Unit 2 genetics nucleic acid rna
RNA is a single-stranded nucleic acid that differs from DNA in having the sugar ribose rather than deoxyribose and the base uracil replacing thymine. There are several types of RNA including mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA. Protein synthesis involves two main stages - transcription and translation. During transcription, RNA polymerase makes a complementary mRNA copy from DNA. Translation involves tRNA carrying amino acids to the ribosome where they are linked together according to the mRNA codons to form a polypeptide chain.
Lesson 13.1
RNA plays an important role in decoding the genetic instructions contained in DNA and directing protein production. There are three main types of RNA - messenger RNA (mRNA), which carries copies of gene instructions from DNA to the ribosomes, ribosomal RNA (rRNA), which makes up part of the ribosomes, and transfer RNA (tRNA), which transfers amino acids to the ribosomes during protein production according to the mRNA instructions. RNA is produced from DNA in a process called transcription, in which RNA polymerase uses a DNA strand as a template to make a complementary RNA molecule.
Types of RNA
mRNA conveys genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it specifies the amino acid sequence of proteins. mRNA is first transcribed from pre-mRNA and then translated into a polymer of amino acids at the ribosome according to the genetic code stored in codons of three nucleotides each. Ribosomes, composed of rRNA and proteins, move along mRNA during translation and assemble the growing polypeptide chain specified by the mRNA.
Protein synthesis
This document discusses RNA and protein synthesis. It describes the three main types of RNA - mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA - and their functions. mRNA carries instructions from DNA to the cytoplasm, rRNA binds to mRNA and helps assemble amino acids, and tRNA supplies amino acids. The document then explains how RNA is made, compares RNA and DNA structures, and outlines the process of transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to proteins with the help of tRNA and rRNA.
Structure and importance of RNA
RNA plays an important role in protein synthesis. There are several types of RNA including messenger RNA (mRNA) which carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA) which transfers amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis, and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) which forms the ribosome where protein synthesis occurs. Other types include small nuclear RNA (snRNA) involved in mRNA processing, microRNA (miRNA) which regulates gene expression, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) which degrades specific mRNA molecules.
Rna And Protein Synthesis Ss
This document summarizes RNA and protein synthesis. It describes that DNA is made of nucleotides and has a double helix structure. During transcription, RNA polymerase builds an RNA strand that is complementary to DNA. The RNA can be messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), or ribosomal RNA (rRNA). mRNA carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome. During translation, mRNA matches up with tRNA to add amino acids together and form a protein according to the mRNA's code.
Cell central dogma
The document describes the process of transcription and translation. DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) which is then translated by ribosomes into a protein. The mRNA binds to transfer RNA (tRNA) which brings amino acids. The mRNA sequence AUG UAG CUA GC codes for the polypeptide chain Met Ile Asp. The DNA and mRNA are then destroyed after protein synthesis is complete.
12.3 DNA - RNA - Amino Acid - Protein
RNA and protein synthesis involves two main steps: transcription and translation. During transcription, DNA is used as a template to produce mRNA through the enzymatic action of RNA polymerase. The mRNA then leaves the nucleus and binds to ribosomes for translation. During translation, tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosome according to the mRNA codon sequence. The amino acids are linked together to form a polypeptide or protein chain. Translation stops when a stop codon is reached.
Biology trancription translation
Transcription is the process of copying a section of DNA into a complementary strand of mRNA. Translation is the decoding of an mRNA message into a polypeptide chain by a ribosome, starting at a START codon and stopping at a STOP codon. The document provides an overview of transcription and translation and encourages practicing replicating DNA, mRNA, tRNA, and protein sequences.
Preferred typed anwer ) (It is hard to understand hand writing.. ).pdf
Preferred typed anwer :) (It is hard to understand hand writing.. )
1. List the three types of RNA and briefly describe their functions in protein synthesis.
2. In what structural ways are RNA and DNA similar? In what ways are they different?
Solution
Answer:
1. mRNA: mRNA is transcribed from a DNA template, and carries coding information to the
sites of protein synthesis, the ribosomes. Here, the nucleic acid polymer is translated into a
polymer of amino acids, a protein.
tRNA: help decode the mRNA sequence. They transfer a specific amino acid to a growing
polypeptide chain at the ribosomal site of protein synthesis during translation.
rRNA: associates with a set of proteins to form ribosomes. They provide a mechanism for
decoding mRNA into amino acids and to interact with the tRNAs during translation by providing
peptidyl transferase activity. Basically acts as a coordinator for the actions of mRNA and tRNA.
2. Similarities between DNA and RNA:
a. They both carry genetic information.
b. They both consist of a sugar, nucleotide and a phosphate.
c. They both are involved in protein synthesizing process.
Difference:
a. DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded.
b. RNA has ribose whereas DNA has deoxy ribose.
c. DNA is only found in the nuclues whereas RNA can be found both within and outside the
nucleus.
d. DNA contains the nucleotide thymine while RNA contains uracil instead of thymine.
e. DNA is much longer than RNA..
Chapter 13 packet
This document provides information about RNA, transcription, translation, and gene regulation. It begins by contrasting the structures of RNA and DNA, explaining the three main types of RNA, and the process of transcription. It then discusses the genetic code, how translation works using tRNA and rRNA, and the central dogma of molecular biology. The document concludes by covering gene regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including how operons and transcription factors control gene expression to allow cell specialization.
Powerpoint 13.1
The document discusses the roles and functions of RNA. It explains that RNA differs from DNA in its sugar (ribose vs. deoxyribose), structure (single-stranded vs. double-stranded), and nucleotide composition (uracil replaces thymine). RNA acts as a messenger to copy genetic instructions from DNA and direct protein production. The three main types of RNA - messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA - each have specialized functions in protein synthesis.
Chapter13 worksheets
This document provides information about RNA, transcription, translation, and gene regulation. It begins by contrasting the structures of RNA and DNA, explaining the three main types of RNA, and describing the process of transcription. It then discusses the genetic code, how translation works using tRNAs and ribosomes to assemble amino acids into proteins, and the central dogma of molecular biology. The document concludes by covering gene regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including how operons control gene expression and how transcription factors regulate development.
More Related Content
What's hot
Rna
RNA differs from DNA in its sugar (ribose vs deoxyribose), bases (uracil replaces thymine), and structure (usually single-stranded instead of double helix). There are several types of RNA, including messenger RNA (mRNA) which carries genetic code from DNA to ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA) which transfers amino acids to ribosomes using anticodons that match mRNA codons, and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) which makes up ribosomal structure and acts as an enzyme during protein synthesis.
Chapter 9 & 10 notes part 2
DNA replication is the process where DNA separates into two strands and uses free nucleotides to form an exact copy of each strand, resulting in two complete DNA molecules. Transcription is where one strand of DNA is copied into a similar strand of RNA, with some differences in RNA. There are three types of RNA: mRNA which acts as a pattern for protein amino acids, tRNA which carries amino acids to ribosomes, and rRNA found in ribosomes. Translation is where the bases on mRNA act as a code read by ribosomes to bring the correct amino acids carried by tRNA, building a protein chain.
Gene Expression/ Protein Synthesis
1. DNA contains the genetic code and instructions for making proteins, which it stores in the cell nucleus. 2. During transcription, RNA polymerase copies DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA) which carries the code to the cytoplasm. 3. In translation, ribosomes use mRNA to produce proteins according to the genetic code by linking amino acids specified by mRNA codons. 4. Newly formed proteins travel to the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi body for processing and packaging before use in the cell.
Ribonucleic acid or RNA
Ribonucleic acid is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes.
structure types and function of RNA
RNA is one of the major biological macromolecules essential for life. It has several types that serve different functions. Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes for protein synthesis. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is the catalytic component of ribosomes and is involved in protein translation. Transfer RNA (tRNA) transfers specific amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain during translation.
IB Biology 2.7 Slides: Transcription & Translation
Transcription and translation allow genes to be expressed as proteins. Transcription involves RNA polymerase copying a gene from DNA into mRNA. Translation uses the mRNA code to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain via tRNA and ribosomes. The genetic code pairs 3-nucleotide codons in mRNA with specific amino acids. This allows DNA sequences to be converted into proteins through sequential transcription and translation.
Rna . structure & functions
RNA uses ribose instead of deoxyribose in its backbone. The vicinal hydroxyl groups of RNA make it susceptible to hydrolysis from nucleophilic attack and alkaline conditions. RNA tends to be single-stranded and has a shallow minor groove and deep major groove. Non-coding RNAs make up 98% of human transcribed RNA and have important structural, catalytic, and regulatory functions including in mRNA processing, ribosome structure and function, gene regulation by microRNAs and siRNAs, and developmental timing.
DNA, RNA, and Proteins
The document outlines the process of how genetic information in DNA is used to produce proteins. It discusses how DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) in the cell nucleus, and then how mRNA is translated into proteins with the help of transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomes in the cytoplasm. The mRNA code uses three-letter combinations called codons to specify which of 20 amino acids should be included in the protein chain.
Rna structure
RNA has several types that perform different functions in the cell. Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes for protein synthesis. Transfer RNA (tRNA) transfers amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis by binding to mRNA codons through complementary base pairing. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is the major constituent of ribosomes and plays key roles in protein synthesis such as catalyzing peptide bond formation. The different RNA types have distinct structures that enable their functions.
Unit 2 genetics nucleic acid rna
RNA is a single-stranded nucleic acid that differs from DNA in having the sugar ribose rather than deoxyribose and the base uracil replacing thymine. There are several types of RNA including mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA. Protein synthesis involves two main stages - transcription and translation. During transcription, RNA polymerase makes a complementary mRNA copy from DNA. Translation involves tRNA carrying amino acids to the ribosome where they are linked together according to the mRNA codons to form a polypeptide chain.
Lesson 13.1
RNA plays an important role in decoding the genetic instructions contained in DNA and directing protein production. There are three main types of RNA - messenger RNA (mRNA), which carries copies of gene instructions from DNA to the ribosomes, ribosomal RNA (rRNA), which makes up part of the ribosomes, and transfer RNA (tRNA), which transfers amino acids to the ribosomes during protein production according to the mRNA instructions. RNA is produced from DNA in a process called transcription, in which RNA polymerase uses a DNA strand as a template to make a complementary RNA molecule.
Types of RNA
mRNA conveys genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it specifies the amino acid sequence of proteins. mRNA is first transcribed from pre-mRNA and then translated into a polymer of amino acids at the ribosome according to the genetic code stored in codons of three nucleotides each. Ribosomes, composed of rRNA and proteins, move along mRNA during translation and assemble the growing polypeptide chain specified by the mRNA.
Protein synthesis
This document discusses RNA and protein synthesis. It describes the three main types of RNA - mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA - and their functions. mRNA carries instructions from DNA to the cytoplasm, rRNA binds to mRNA and helps assemble amino acids, and tRNA supplies amino acids. The document then explains how RNA is made, compares RNA and DNA structures, and outlines the process of transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to proteins with the help of tRNA and rRNA.
Structure and importance of RNA
RNA plays an important role in protein synthesis. There are several types of RNA including messenger RNA (mRNA) which carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA) which transfers amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis, and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) which forms the ribosome where protein synthesis occurs. Other types include small nuclear RNA (snRNA) involved in mRNA processing, microRNA (miRNA) which regulates gene expression, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) which degrades specific mRNA molecules.
Rna And Protein Synthesis Ss
This document summarizes RNA and protein synthesis. It describes that DNA is made of nucleotides and has a double helix structure. During transcription, RNA polymerase builds an RNA strand that is complementary to DNA. The RNA can be messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), or ribosomal RNA (rRNA). mRNA carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome. During translation, mRNA matches up with tRNA to add amino acids together and form a protein according to the mRNA's code.
Cell central dogma
The document describes the process of transcription and translation. DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) which is then translated by ribosomes into a protein. The mRNA binds to transfer RNA (tRNA) which brings amino acids. The mRNA sequence AUG UAG CUA GC codes for the polypeptide chain Met Ile Asp. The DNA and mRNA are then destroyed after protein synthesis is complete.
12.3 DNA - RNA - Amino Acid - Protein
RNA and protein synthesis involves two main steps: transcription and translation. During transcription, DNA is used as a template to produce mRNA through the enzymatic action of RNA polymerase. The mRNA then leaves the nucleus and binds to ribosomes for translation. During translation, tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosome according to the mRNA codon sequence. The amino acids are linked together to form a polypeptide or protein chain. Translation stops when a stop codon is reached.
Biology trancription translation
Transcription is the process of copying a section of DNA into a complementary strand of mRNA. Translation is the decoding of an mRNA message into a polypeptide chain by a ribosome, starting at a START codon and stopping at a STOP codon. The document provides an overview of transcription and translation and encourages practicing replicating DNA, mRNA, tRNA, and protein sequences.
What's hot (18)
IB Biology 2.7 Slides: Transcription & Translation
IB Biology 2.7 Slides: Transcription & Translation
Similar to Chapter 13 notes
Preferred typed anwer ) (It is hard to understand hand writing.. ).pdf
Preferred typed anwer :) (It is hard to understand hand writing.. )
1. List the three types of RNA and briefly describe their functions in protein synthesis.
2. In what structural ways are RNA and DNA similar? In what ways are they different?
Solution
Answer:
1. mRNA: mRNA is transcribed from a DNA template, and carries coding information to the
sites of protein synthesis, the ribosomes. Here, the nucleic acid polymer is translated into a
polymer of amino acids, a protein.
tRNA: help decode the mRNA sequence. They transfer a specific amino acid to a growing
polypeptide chain at the ribosomal site of protein synthesis during translation.
rRNA: associates with a set of proteins to form ribosomes. They provide a mechanism for
decoding mRNA into amino acids and to interact with the tRNAs during translation by providing
peptidyl transferase activity. Basically acts as a coordinator for the actions of mRNA and tRNA.
2. Similarities between DNA and RNA:
a. They both carry genetic information.
b. They both consist of a sugar, nucleotide and a phosphate.
c. They both are involved in protein synthesizing process.
Difference:
a. DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded.
b. RNA has ribose whereas DNA has deoxy ribose.
c. DNA is only found in the nuclues whereas RNA can be found both within and outside the
nucleus.
d. DNA contains the nucleotide thymine while RNA contains uracil instead of thymine.
e. DNA is much longer than RNA..
Chapter 13 packet
This document provides information about RNA, transcription, translation, and gene regulation. It begins by contrasting the structures of RNA and DNA, explaining the three main types of RNA, and the process of transcription. It then discusses the genetic code, how translation works using tRNA and rRNA, and the central dogma of molecular biology. The document concludes by covering gene regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including how operons and transcription factors control gene expression to allow cell specialization.
Powerpoint 13.1
The document discusses the roles and functions of RNA. It explains that RNA differs from DNA in its sugar (ribose vs. deoxyribose), structure (single-stranded vs. double-stranded), and nucleotide composition (uracil replaces thymine). RNA acts as a messenger to copy genetic instructions from DNA and direct protein production. The three main types of RNA - messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA - each have specialized functions in protein synthesis.
Chapter13 worksheets
This document provides information about RNA, transcription, translation, and gene regulation. It begins by contrasting the structures of RNA and DNA, explaining the three main types of RNA, and describing the process of transcription. It then discusses the genetic code, how translation works using tRNAs and ribosomes to assemble amino acids into proteins, and the central dogma of molecular biology. The document concludes by covering gene regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including how operons control gene expression and how transcription factors regulate development.
3
This document discusses transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In prokaryotes, transcription is carried out by RNA polymerase, which associates with sigma factors to form holoenzymes that recognize specific promoter sequences. The process involves initiation at promoters, elongation, and termination. In eukaryotes, there are three nuclear RNA polymerases that transcribe different genes. RNA polymerase II transcribes protein-coding genes using promoters that often contain TATA boxes and other recognition elements.
Notes ch13 website
From DNA to Protein
1. DNA contains genes that provide instructions for building proteins through transcription and translation. RNA is produced through transcription and carries the genetic code from DNA. There are three main types of RNA: mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA.
2. During translation, mRNA attaches to ribosomes where tRNA brings amino acids to add to the growing polypeptide chain according to the mRNA codons until a stop codon is reached. This process synthesizes proteins using the genetic code stored in DNA.
3. Mutations in DNA can occur through changes in single nucleotides or the insertion/deletion of nucleotides. This can alter the mRNA and resulting protein sequence produced.
B10vrv4131
The document discusses RNA and its role in coding and decoding genetic instructions from DNA. It explains that RNA differs from DNA in its sugar, strand formation, and use of uracil instead of thymine. RNA acts as a single-stranded copy of DNA instructions and directs protein production, with messenger RNA carrying copies of genes to ribosomes, ribosomal RNA making up ribosomes, and transfer RNA delivering amino acids during protein assembly according to mRNA's code. The process of transcription creates a complementary RNA copy from a DNA template using RNA polymerase.
CVA Biology I - B10vrv4131
The document discusses RNA and its role in coding and decoding genetic instructions from DNA. It explains that RNA differs from DNA in its sugar, strand formation, and nucleobases. RNA acts as a messenger to carry genetic code from DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm for protein production. The three main types of RNA - messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA - each have specialized functions in translating DNA code into proteins.
Chapter13
This document summarizes RNA and protein synthesis. It discusses:
1. The three types of RNA - messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA and their roles in protein synthesis.
2. How RNA is synthesized through transcription and the role of RNA polymerase.
3. How proteins are synthesized through translation using ribosomes and tRNA to carry amino acids, forming polypeptide chains.
4. Gene regulation including the lac operon in prokaryotes and transcription factors in eukaryotes that control gene expression.
AP Bio Ch 17 part 1 translation
This document provides an overview of transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. It discusses how DNA serves as a template for RNA production. The three main stages of transcription are initiation, elongation, and termination. In eukaryotes, the pre-mRNA undergoes processing including 5' capping, poly-A tail addition, and splicing of introns before becoming a functional mRNA that can be translated into a protein.
03.5 biochemistry - transcription & translation
Transcription and translation are the two processes by which DNA is used to synthesize proteins. Transcription involves RNA polymerase using a DNA strand as a template to produce a complementary mRNA molecule. Translation then uses the mRNA to direct the assembly of amino acids into a polypeptide chain via tRNA molecules and ribosomes according to the mRNA's codon sequence. Overall, each gene corresponds to a single protein produced through these sequential processes of transcription and translation.
Unit2 lesson3-proteinsysnthesis
RNA has a similar structure to DNA but contains uracil instead of thymine and is single-stranded. There are three main types of RNA: mRNA carries genetic information from DNA to sites of protein synthesis, tRNA transports amino acids and binds to mRNA during protein assembly, and rRNA is a component of ribosomes and helps them bind to mRNA. Protein synthesis involves transcription of DNA to mRNA which is then translated by ribosomes into a polypeptide chain according to the mRNA sequence.
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription with their clinical applications
A comprehensive presentation on Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic DNA transcription with their clinical applications for Medical, dental, Pharma & Biotechnology students to facilitate self- study.
4,transcription
This document summarizes key aspects of gene transcription including:
1. Transcription is important for regulating cellular function and aberrant control can cause disease.
2. In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are separated in space and time, and primary RNA transcripts undergo extensive processing.
3. Prokaryotic transcription involves RNA polymerase recognizing promoters and transcribing DNA into RNA with sigma factors providing specificity. Eukaryotic transcription involves three RNA polymerases and more complex promoters.
lecture 3 Gene expression pptx
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product. It involves three main steps: replication, transcription, and translation. Replication copies DNA, transcription creates mRNA from DNA, and translation uses mRNA to produce proteins. The central dogma states that genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein. Mutations can occur and change the nucleotide sequence, potentially altering the amino acid sequence of the resulting protein.
Synthesis of mRNA.pptx
This document summarizes the synthesis and structure of mRNA. It discusses that mRNA is transcribed from DNA in the nucleus and then undergoes processing before being transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. The structure of mRNA includes a 5' cap, coding region, untranslated regions, and a poly-A tail. Transcription is carried out by RNA polymerase II and involves initiation, elongation, and termination. The primary transcript then undergoes processing where introns are removed and exons are joined through splicing.
Chapter 10
1. DNA contains genetic instructions that can be copied and passed from generation to generation. It is made up of nucleotides with four bases that form base pairs to create a double helix structure.
2. DNA replication is the process where the DNA double helix unwinds and each strand serves as a template to make a new complementary strand, duplicating the DNA within the cell.
3. Genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein. Through transcription, DNA is used as a template to make messenger RNA (mRNA), which carries the genetic code to be translated by ribosomes into proteins.
Biology 12
Transcription is the process where DNA is copied into messenger RNA using RNA polymerase. There are three main types of RNA: messenger RNA carries protein instructions from DNA to ribosomes, ribosomal RNA makes up ribosomes, and transfer RNA transfers amino acids to ribosomes during translation. Translation is the process where the cell uses messenger RNA to produce proteins by decoding mRNA codons into amino acids.
transcription in prokaryotes and RNA polymerase of prokaryotes
The core RNA polymerase associates with the sigma factor to generate the RNA polymerase holoenzyme, which is required for recruiting RNA polymerase to the promoter. The sigma factor binds to the -10 and -35 promoter elements. During transcription initiation, RNA polymerase unwinds the DNA and begins RNA synthesis. It then enters elongation, synthesizing RNA processively until it reaches a terminator sequence and dissociates from the DNA. RNA polymerase synthesizes various RNA transcripts including mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA.
1.4 Genetic code in the DNA and RNA.pptx
1. Protein synthesis involves three main steps: transcription, RNA processing, and translation.
2. Transcription involves RNA polymerase copying a gene from DNA into mRNA. RNA processing converts pre-mRNA into mRNA by adding a 5' cap, poly-A tail, and splicing introns.
3. Translation occurs on ribosomes and involves mRNA being read three nucleotides at a time by tRNA to add the corresponding amino acids, forming a polypeptide chain until a stop codon is reached.
Similar to Chapter 13 notes (20)
Preferred typed anwer ) (It is hard to understand hand writing.. ).pdf
Preferred typed anwer ) (It is hard to understand hand writing.. ).pdf
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription with their clinical applications
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription with their clinical applications
transcription in prokaryotes and RNA polymerase of prokaryotes
transcription in prokaryotes and RNA polymerase of prokaryotes
More from CXG050
Owl pellet dissection
An owl pellet dissection found bones from 2 animals, including 2 humeri, 1 femur, 2 lower jaws, 2 skulls, 3 vertebrae, 2 shoulder blades, 2 ulnas/radii, 2 ribs, 6 pelvic bones, and 2 tibias/fibias. The pellet contents indicate the owl's diet consisted of at least 2 animals, and as a tertiary consumer, the owl preys on rats that eat plants.
Earthworm dissection lab
The earthworm belongs to the phylum Annelida. It has many segments and searches for food at night in the soil. Earthworms are important for enriching soil by turning over tons of soil and bringing nutrients to the surface. The lab involved dissecting an earthworm to observe its external and internal anatomy, including organs like the brain, hearts, and digestive system. Key differences from humans are that earthworms have multiple hearts and need to keep their skin moist at all times.
Ecology notes
Ecology notes discuss key concepts in ecology including:
- The biosphere, which encompasses all life on Earth from 10,000 meters below to above the surface.
- Ecology, which studies interactions between life forms and between life and non-living elements.
- Levels of organization from atoms to biomes.
- Biotic factors like producers, consumers and abiotic factors like the sun and energy.
- Food chains which flow in one direction and complex food webs with interactions between multiple organisms.
Week12warm ups
We have studied cell biology, genetics, and evolution in this class so far. The remaining topics to cover are physiology and ecology. Physiology will look at how living organisms function, while ecology examines the interactions between organisms and their environments.
Week 15 warm up
The human body has organ systems that work together to maintain homeostasis, keeping the human body stable despite changes in the outside environment. Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to remain relatively stable through the coordinated actions of organ systems. This document discusses physiology unit objectives related to how the human body achieves homeostasis.
Natural selection lab
This document describes an experiment to test how different beak shapes affect a bird's ability to gather food. Students will act as birds with spoons, forks or sporks to collect beans and peas, and the amounts gathered will be counted. The hypothesis is that the spork bird will collect the most food and the fork bird the least. Students will rotate roles as the bird, nest and counter. They will then analyze the results and factors affecting food collection.
Week 9 warm ups
The document outlines five areas of evidence for evolution: biogeography, fossils, anatomy and embryology, genetics and molecular biology, and testing natural selection. For each area, it lists questions about how the evidence in that area relates to evolutionary history, processes, and theory.
Week 9 warm ups
The document outlines evidence of evolution from biogeography, fossils, anatomy, embryology, genetics and molecular biology, and studies of natural selection. It discusses how the geographic distribution of species relates to their evolutionary history, the use of fossils to trace descent of modern species, homologous structures and similarities in embryonic development suggesting evolutionary change, molecular biology's ability to trace evolution, and how research on Galapagos finches shows natural selection in action.
Week 10 warm up
Next week there is an exam on Chapter 16. Students should prepare by studying assignments like the Darwin video, chapter 16 worksheet, warm ups, and natural selection lab. They should also look over the chapter at home and study in a group for at least 30 minutes each day. Individuals do not evolve, groups evolve.
Week 10 warm up
Next week there is an exam on Chapter 16. Students should prepare by studying assignments like the Darwin video, chapter 16 worksheet, warm ups, and natural selection lab. They should also look over the chapter at home and study in a group for at least 30 minutes each day. Individuals do not evolve, groups evolve.
Periodfourpresentation.
This document summarizes evidence that supports the theory of evolution from four perspectives: biogeography, the age of the Earth and fossils, comparative anatomy and embryology, and genetics and molecular biology. Each section provides examples for how scientific observations in these areas help trace evolutionary relationships and document how species have changed over time from common ancestors through natural processes like natural selection. The document also discusses how recent research on Galapagos finches supported Darwin's original hypotheses about natural selection by showing adaptations to seasonal changes.
Week 8 warm ups
Charles Darwin was a scientist who introduced the theory of natural selection, proposing that organisms evolve over generations through a process where favorable traits become more common in a population due to increasing an organism's ability to survive and reproduce. He made great contributions to the study of evolution by first introducing the idea of natural selection. However, the document incorrectly states that Darwin proposed humans evolved from monkeys, when he actually proposed humans share a common ancestor with modern apes.
Chapter14worksheets
The document provides an overview of three lessons on human heredity:
1) Human Chromosomes - It describes karyotypes, patterns of inheritance including dominance and sex-linked traits. Pedigrees are used to study human traits.
2) Human Genetic Disorders - Genetic disorders have a molecular basis when changes in DNA alter proteins and phenotypes. Examples include sickle cell disease, cystic fibrosis, and Huntington's disease. Chromosomal disorders like Down syndrome can occur from nondisjunction.
3) Studying the Human Genome - The final lesson likely discusses the Human Genome Project which sought to sequence the entire human genome to better understand human genetics.
Chapter 14 cornell notes
Human heredity is determined by chromosomes, which are structures in the nucleus that contain genetic information passed down between generations. A karyotype maps out a person's entire set of chromosomes and can be used to identify genetic disorders. Traits are transmitted through dominant and recessive alleles, codominant alleles, sex-linked inheritance, and X chromosome inactivation. Common genetic disorders include sickle cell disease, cystic fibrosis, and Huntington's disease, which result from changes in single genes. Some genetic mutations can provide advantages, like resistance to malaria. The human genome project worked to sequence and identify all human genes to further understand genetic inheritance and open up possibilities for new treatments.
Blood typing lab
This document provides instructions for a blood typing lab. The objectives are to learn how to determine blood types and identify the proper donor for a patient. The lab uses 4 blood samples, 3 antiserum reagents, micropipettes, blood typing slides, mixing sticks, and a biohazard container. Students will deposit each blood sample onto its own slide, add the antiserum reagents to the corresponding wells, time the reactions for 30 seconds, and record their observations. The document does not include the data, analysis, or conclusion sections of the lab report.
Blood typing lab
This document provides instructions for a blood typing lab. The objectives are to learn how to determine blood types and identify compatible blood donors. The lab uses four blood samples, three antiserum reagents, micropipettes, blood typing slides, mixing sticks, and a biohazard container. Students will deposit each blood sample onto individual typing slides, add the antiserum reagents to the corresponding wells, time the reactions for 30 seconds, and record their observations. The document does not include the data, analysis, or conclusion sections of the lab report.
More from CXG050 (20)
Recently uploaded
Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation Parameters
Building automations in FME Flow can save time, money, and help businesses scale by eliminating data silos and providing data to stakeholders in real-time. One essential component to orchestrating complex automations is the use of attributes & automation parameters (both formerly known as “keys”). In fact, it’s unlikely you’ll ever build an Automation without using these components, but what exactly are they?
Attributes & automation parameters enable the automation author to pass data values from one automation component to the next. During this webinar, our FME Flow Specialists will cover leveraging the three types of these output attributes & parameters in FME Flow: Event, Custom, and Automation. As a bonus, they’ll also be making use of the Split-Merge Block functionality.
You’ll leave this webinar with a better understanding of how to maximize the potential of automations by making use of attributes & automation parameters, with the ultimate goal of setting your enterprise integration workflows up on autopilot.
Northern Engraving | Nameplate Manufacturing Process - 2024
Manufacturing custom quality metal nameplates and badges involves several standard operations. Processes include sheet prep, lithography, screening, coating, punch press and inspection. All decoration is completed in the flat sheet with adhesive and tooling operations following. The possibilities for creating unique durable nameplates are endless. How will you create your brand identity? We can help!
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
inQuba Webinar Mastering Customer Journey Management with Dr Graham Hill
HERE IS YOUR WEBINAR CONTENT! 'Mastering Customer Journey Management with Dr. Graham Hill'. We hope you find the webinar recording both insightful and enjoyable.
In this webinar, we explored essential aspects of Customer Journey Management and personalization. Here’s a summary of the key insights and topics discussed:
Key Takeaways:
Understanding the Customer Journey: Dr. Hill emphasized the importance of mapping and understanding the complete customer journey to identify touchpoints and opportunities for improvement.
Personalization Strategies: We discussed how to leverage data and insights to create personalized experiences that resonate with customers.
Technology Integration: Insights were shared on how inQuba’s advanced technology can streamline customer interactions and drive operational efficiency.
ScyllaDB Tablets: Rethinking Replication
ScyllaDB is making a major architecture shift. We’re moving from vNode replication to tablets – fragments of tables that are distributed independently, enabling dynamic data distribution and extreme elasticity. In this keynote, ScyllaDB co-founder and CTO Avi Kivity explains the reason for this shift, provides a look at the implementation and roadmap, and shares how this shift benefits ScyllaDB users.
Principle of conventional tomography-Bibash Shahi ppt..pptx
before the computed tomography, it had been widely used.
"Frontline Battles with DDoS: Best practices and Lessons Learned", Igor Ivaniuk
At this talk we will discuss DDoS protection tools and best practices, discuss network architectures and what AWS has to offer. Also, we will look into one of the largest DDoS attacks on Ukrainian infrastructure that happened in February 2022. We'll see, what techniques helped to keep the web resources available for Ukrainians and how AWS improved DDoS protection for all customers based on Ukraine experience
“Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transfor...
“Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transfor...Edge AI and Vision Alliance
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/temporal-event-neural-networks-a-more-efficient-alternative-to-the-transformer-a-presentation-from-brainchip/
Chris Jones, Director of Product Management at BrainChip , presents the “Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transformer” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
The expansion of AI services necessitates enhanced computational capabilities on edge devices. Temporal Event Neural Networks (TENNs), developed by BrainChip, represent a novel and highly efficient state-space network. TENNs demonstrate exceptional proficiency in handling multi-dimensional streaming data, facilitating advancements in object detection, action recognition, speech enhancement and language model/sequence generation. Through the utilization of polynomial-based continuous convolutions, TENNs streamline models, expedite training processes and significantly diminish memory requirements, achieving notable reductions of up to 50x in parameters and 5,000x in energy consumption compared to prevailing methodologies like transformers.
Integration with BrainChip’s Akida neuromorphic hardware IP further enhances TENNs’ capabilities, enabling the realization of highly capable, portable and passively cooled edge devices. This presentation delves into the technical innovations underlying TENNs, presents real-world benchmarks, and elucidates how this cutting-edge approach is positioned to revolutionize edge AI across diverse applications.Day 2 - Intro to UiPath Studio Fundamentals
In our second session, we shall learn all about the main features and fundamentals of UiPath Studio that enable us to use the building blocks for any automation project.
📕 Detailed agenda:
Variables and Datatypes
Workflow Layouts
Arguments
Control Flows and Loops
Conditional Statements
💻 Extra training through UiPath Academy:
Variables, Constants, and Arguments in Studio
Control Flow in Studio
How to Interpret Trends in the Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart.pdf
A Mix Chart displays historical data of numbers in a graphical or tabular form. The Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart specifically shows the results of a sequence of numbers over different periods.
"What does it really mean for your system to be available, or how to define w...
We will talk about system monitoring from a few different angles. We will start by covering the basics, then discuss SLOs, how to define them, and why understanding the business well is crucial for success in this exercise.
A Deep Dive into ScyllaDB's Architecture
This talk will cover ScyllaDB Architecture from the cluster-level view and zoom in on data distribution and internal node architecture. In the process, we will learn the secret sauce used to get ScyllaDB's high availability and superior performance. We will also touch on the upcoming changes to ScyllaDB architecture, moving to strongly consistent metadata and tablets.
GraphRAG for LifeSciences Hands-On with the Clinical Knowledge Graph
Tomaz Bratanic
Graph ML and GenAI Expert - Neo4j
What is an RPA CoE? Session 2 – CoE Roles
In this session, we will review the players involved in the CoE and how each role impacts opportunities.
Topics covered:
• What roles are essential?
• What place in the automation journey does each role play?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
"Scaling RAG Applications to serve millions of users", Kevin Goedecke
How we managed to grow and scale a RAG application from zero to thousands of users in 7 months. Lessons from technical challenges around managing high load for LLMs, RAGs and Vector databases.
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-Efficiency
Freshworks creates AI-boosted business software that helps employees work more efficiently and effectively. Managing data across multiple RDBMS and NoSQL databases was already a challenge at their current scale. To prepare for 10X growth, they knew it was time to rethink their database strategy. Learn how they architected a solution that would simplify scaling while keeping costs under control.
High performance Serverless Java on AWS- GoTo Amsterdam 2024
Java is for many years one of the most popular programming languages, but it used to have hard times in the Serverless community. Java is known for its high cold start times and high memory footprint, comparing to other programming languages like Node.js and Python. In this talk I'll look at the general best practices and techniques we can use to decrease memory consumption, cold start times for Java Serverless development on AWS including GraalVM (Native Image) and AWS own offering SnapStart based on Firecracker microVM snapshot and restore and CRaC (Coordinated Restore at Checkpoint) runtime hooks. I'll also provide a lot of benchmarking on Lambda functions trying out various deployment package sizes, Lambda memory settings, Java compilation options and HTTP (a)synchronous clients and measure their impact on cold and warm start times.
JavaLand 2024: Application Development Green Masterplan
My presentation slides I used at JavaLand 2024
Recently uploaded (20)
Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation Parameters
Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation Parameters
Poznań ACE event - 19.06.2024 Team 24 Wrapup slidedeck
Poznań ACE event - 19.06.2024 Team 24 Wrapup slidedeck
Northern Engraving | Nameplate Manufacturing Process - 2024
Northern Engraving | Nameplate Manufacturing Process - 2024
inQuba Webinar Mastering Customer Journey Management with Dr Graham Hill
inQuba Webinar Mastering Customer Journey Management with Dr Graham Hill
Principle of conventional tomography-Bibash Shahi ppt..pptx
Principle of conventional tomography-Bibash Shahi ppt..pptx
"Frontline Battles with DDoS: Best practices and Lessons Learned", Igor Ivaniuk
"Frontline Battles with DDoS: Best practices and Lessons Learned", Igor Ivaniuk
“Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transfor...
“Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transfor...
How to Interpret Trends in the Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart.pdf
How to Interpret Trends in the Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart.pdf
"What does it really mean for your system to be available, or how to define w...
"What does it really mean for your system to be available, or how to define w...
Nordic Marketo Engage User Group_June 13_ 2024.pptx
Nordic Marketo Engage User Group_June 13_ 2024.pptx
GraphRAG for LifeSciences Hands-On with the Clinical Knowledge Graph
GraphRAG for LifeSciences Hands-On with the Clinical Knowledge Graph
"Scaling RAG Applications to serve millions of users", Kevin Goedecke
"Scaling RAG Applications to serve millions of users", Kevin Goedecke
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-Efficiency
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-Efficiency
High performance Serverless Java on AWS- GoTo Amsterdam 2024
High performance Serverless Java on AWS- GoTo Amsterdam 2024
JavaLand 2024: Application Development Green Masterplan
JavaLand 2024: Application Development Green Masterplan
Chapter 13 notes
- 1. Chapter 13 Notes Ill.Mutations 1. gene mutations (#22,000/46) chromosomes are made up of genes also a chromosome is a diploid substitution,(insertion,and deletion) theses are called frame shift the ones in parenthesise 2. chromosomal mutations deletion or erase part or all,duplication or copy,inversion or switch,and trans-location or breaks of a chromosome then moving different spots. B. effects of mutation 1.mutagens any thing that causes a mutations or (chemical/physical) 2.harmful and helpful mutations most are not harmful lv. gene regulation and expression A.prokaryotic gene regulation 1. the lac operon= a group of genes that regulate E.coli is in the intestine it is your friend and your enemy 2. promoters and operators B. eukaryotic gene regulation 1. transcription factors 2. cell specialization 3. RNA interference 4. the promise of RNAi Ch 13 RNA and Protein Synthesis DNA an RNA are both nucleic acids or long chains which is made of nucleotides and thats made out of three parts, sugar base phosphate A.The Role of DNA 1. RNA 2.Comparing RNA and DNA 3. Functions of RNA What is the three differences between RNA and DNA: -messenger RNA/carries info from nucleus -ribosomal RNA -transfer RNA 2.ribosomes 3.mutations B. RNA synthesis 1.transcription/1.enzyme/binds to DNA promoter or areas of DNA where transcript begins step2/DNA unwinds.....step3/rna polymerase makes mRNA using the DNA sense strand 2.promoters 2. ribosomes and protein synthesis A. the genetic code 1. how to read co-dons or tree letters of the code/AUG 2.start and stop co-dons
- 2. DNA->RNA->protein proteins are amino acids together
- 3. B.translation 1. steps in translation 1.mrna attaches to ribosomes/2.erna carrier AA to ribosomes/3 ribosomes attaches into polypeptide chain 2. the roles of tRNA and rRNA in translation
- 4. C the molecular basis of heredity central dogma of molecular biology