The document summarizes several revolts against Spanish economic policies in the Philippines from the 16th to 18th centuries. It describes the Encomienda system, Polo y Servicio, Bandala, and other taxes that exploited Filipinos and led to revolts. Specifically mentioned are the revolts of Magalat in 1589 in Cagayan, the Pampangos against Polo y Servicio, and the simultaneous revolts of Malong in Pangasinan and Almazan in Ilocos in the late 16th/early 17th century. Later revolts included Juan dela Cruz Palaris' revolt in 18th century Pangasinan and the Basi Revolt
This presentation is about the early revolts that took place in the Philippines in the first part of Spanish colonization after Lapu Lapu has killed Magellan. Starting from 1574, the first notable revolt is the Lakandula Revolt lead by Lakandula and Raja Sulayman.
This presentation serves as a midterm project for the course Readings in Philippine History. No part of this presentation maybe reproduced and distributed in any printed form especially if its for commercial purposes.
References:
PRIMARY SOURCES
The History of the Philippines by Leogardo
(from JRU Main Library)
Introduction to Filipino History by Teodoro A. Agoncillo
(from JRU Main Library)
The Filipino Nation by Helen R. Tubangui, et.al
(from JRU Main Library)
http://www.gutenberg.org/files/36438/36438-h/36438-h.htm
SECONDARY SOURCES
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_revolts_against_Spain
https://www.slideshare.net/NiachleoDianneSaplad/filipino-revolts
https://prezi.com/od_bzjnoecqv/revolts-of-lakandula-and-sulayman-first-pampanga-revolt-the-tondo-conspiracy-magalats-revolt/
The First Philippine Republic and the Filipino-American WarJamaica Olazo
THE FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
MALOLOS CONGRESS AND MALOLOS CONSTITUTION
THE FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
THE AMERICANS STARTED THE WAR
THE FILIPINO-AMERICAN WAR
GUERRILLA WARFARE
FILIPINOS LOSE THE WAR
THE CAPTURE OF AGUINALDO
HISTORICAL VALUES
1. Filipinos should be proud that the first independent republic in Asia by Asians was established by Aguinaldo in the Philippines from 1989 to 1901.
2. Filipinos are brave and sturdy people who will fight for their rights and independence, even if they lose.
3. Filipinos lost the Filipino-American war because they were not united and they had inferior weapons.
4. Like all wars, the Filipino-American war was very bloody and expensive.
a. The Americans sent 126,248 troops, of whom 4,234 died.
b. They have spent a vast sum of $16,000.
c. 200,000 civilian died of starvation and/or diseases.
d. Property worth of billions of pesos was damaged.
5. We should remember and honor President Aguinaldo and other heroes of this era because they fought with courage and honor. These veterans of the revolution were the real founding father of our independence.
Chapter 17: The First Philippine Republic and the Filipino-American WarJamaica Olazo
CHAPTER 17: THE FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
AND THE FILIPINO-AMERICAN WAR
FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
– was the first independent republic in in Asia by Asians.
- It was born during a war for independence.
- Lived only for two years because the Filipinos lost the war against the United States. (From January 23,1899 to March 23, 1901).
- Ended on the day when Aguinaldo was captured by the Americans.
MALOLOS CONGRESS AND MALOLOS CONSTITUTION
85 Filipinos – met in a revolutionary congress at Barasoain Church, Malolos, Bulacan starting September 15, 1898. They were the most intelligent men in the country.
Dr. Pedro A. Paterno – the president of the Malolos Congress.
Malolos Congress – approved the independence of the Philippines. It also started the making of a new constitution for the Philippines.
Constitution – the basic law of the government.
THE FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
January 23,1899 – the first Philippine Republic was inaugurated at Barasoain Church, Malolos, Bulacan. It was a solemn and happy time.
Women – wore long, beautiful ternos.
Men – dressed in top hats, white gloves, and black coat tails.
Emilio Aguinaldo – was sworn in as president of the First Republic at the church altar. “Great is the day, glorious this date, and forever memorable this moment in which our beloved people are raised to the joy of independence.”
El Heraldo de la Revolution – the official newspaper of the government.
La Independencia – an independent newspaper ran by General Antonio Luna and other Filipinos.
Felipe Agoncillo – the first Filipino diplomat sent to Paris and Washington to work for recognition of Philippine Independence.
Other diplomats in Japan, France, England and Australia.
THE AMERICANS STARTED THE WAR
Americans wanted the Philippines to become a colony of the United States.
Strategy: Americans pretended that the Filipinos had brutally attacked them.
February 4, 1899 – at 8pm, an American sharpshooter, Private Robert W. Grayson of First Nebraska Volunteers, shot and killed a Filipino soldier crossing the San Juan Bridge.
February 6, 1899 – the American Senate passed the Treaty of Paris, making the Philippines a colony of the United States. It was approved by only one vote majority.
THE FILIPINO-AMERICAN WAR
- Filipinos fought a war of independence again. This time, against the Americans, their former allies. It was the second fight for independence by the Filipinos.
February 5, 1899 – the American navy bombarded the Filipino positions in Manila.
March 31, 1899 – the Americans captured Malolos, which was then the Capital of the First Philippine Republic.
November 27, 1898 – Generals Aniceto Lacson and Juan Araneta organized the “Republic of Negros”.
December 19, 1899 – the famous hero of the American Civil War, General Henry C. Lawton was killed by the Filipino troops during the Battle in San Mateo, Rizal.
This presentation is about the early revolts that took place in the Philippines in the first part of Spanish colonization after Lapu Lapu has killed Magellan. Starting from 1574, the first notable revolt is the Lakandula Revolt lead by Lakandula and Raja Sulayman.
This presentation serves as a midterm project for the course Readings in Philippine History. No part of this presentation maybe reproduced and distributed in any printed form especially if its for commercial purposes.
References:
PRIMARY SOURCES
The History of the Philippines by Leogardo
(from JRU Main Library)
Introduction to Filipino History by Teodoro A. Agoncillo
(from JRU Main Library)
The Filipino Nation by Helen R. Tubangui, et.al
(from JRU Main Library)
http://www.gutenberg.org/files/36438/36438-h/36438-h.htm
SECONDARY SOURCES
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_revolts_against_Spain
https://www.slideshare.net/NiachleoDianneSaplad/filipino-revolts
https://prezi.com/od_bzjnoecqv/revolts-of-lakandula-and-sulayman-first-pampanga-revolt-the-tondo-conspiracy-magalats-revolt/
The First Philippine Republic and the Filipino-American WarJamaica Olazo
THE FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
MALOLOS CONGRESS AND MALOLOS CONSTITUTION
THE FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
THE AMERICANS STARTED THE WAR
THE FILIPINO-AMERICAN WAR
GUERRILLA WARFARE
FILIPINOS LOSE THE WAR
THE CAPTURE OF AGUINALDO
HISTORICAL VALUES
1. Filipinos should be proud that the first independent republic in Asia by Asians was established by Aguinaldo in the Philippines from 1989 to 1901.
2. Filipinos are brave and sturdy people who will fight for their rights and independence, even if they lose.
3. Filipinos lost the Filipino-American war because they were not united and they had inferior weapons.
4. Like all wars, the Filipino-American war was very bloody and expensive.
a. The Americans sent 126,248 troops, of whom 4,234 died.
b. They have spent a vast sum of $16,000.
c. 200,000 civilian died of starvation and/or diseases.
d. Property worth of billions of pesos was damaged.
5. We should remember and honor President Aguinaldo and other heroes of this era because they fought with courage and honor. These veterans of the revolution were the real founding father of our independence.
Chapter 17: The First Philippine Republic and the Filipino-American WarJamaica Olazo
CHAPTER 17: THE FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
AND THE FILIPINO-AMERICAN WAR
FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
– was the first independent republic in in Asia by Asians.
- It was born during a war for independence.
- Lived only for two years because the Filipinos lost the war against the United States. (From January 23,1899 to March 23, 1901).
- Ended on the day when Aguinaldo was captured by the Americans.
MALOLOS CONGRESS AND MALOLOS CONSTITUTION
85 Filipinos – met in a revolutionary congress at Barasoain Church, Malolos, Bulacan starting September 15, 1898. They were the most intelligent men in the country.
Dr. Pedro A. Paterno – the president of the Malolos Congress.
Malolos Congress – approved the independence of the Philippines. It also started the making of a new constitution for the Philippines.
Constitution – the basic law of the government.
THE FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
January 23,1899 – the first Philippine Republic was inaugurated at Barasoain Church, Malolos, Bulacan. It was a solemn and happy time.
Women – wore long, beautiful ternos.
Men – dressed in top hats, white gloves, and black coat tails.
Emilio Aguinaldo – was sworn in as president of the First Republic at the church altar. “Great is the day, glorious this date, and forever memorable this moment in which our beloved people are raised to the joy of independence.”
El Heraldo de la Revolution – the official newspaper of the government.
La Independencia – an independent newspaper ran by General Antonio Luna and other Filipinos.
Felipe Agoncillo – the first Filipino diplomat sent to Paris and Washington to work for recognition of Philippine Independence.
Other diplomats in Japan, France, England and Australia.
THE AMERICANS STARTED THE WAR
Americans wanted the Philippines to become a colony of the United States.
Strategy: Americans pretended that the Filipinos had brutally attacked them.
February 4, 1899 – at 8pm, an American sharpshooter, Private Robert W. Grayson of First Nebraska Volunteers, shot and killed a Filipino soldier crossing the San Juan Bridge.
February 6, 1899 – the American Senate passed the Treaty of Paris, making the Philippines a colony of the United States. It was approved by only one vote majority.
THE FILIPINO-AMERICAN WAR
- Filipinos fought a war of independence again. This time, against the Americans, their former allies. It was the second fight for independence by the Filipinos.
February 5, 1899 – the American navy bombarded the Filipino positions in Manila.
March 31, 1899 – the Americans captured Malolos, which was then the Capital of the First Philippine Republic.
November 27, 1898 – Generals Aniceto Lacson and Juan Araneta organized the “Republic of Negros”.
December 19, 1899 – the famous hero of the American Civil War, General Henry C. Lawton was killed by the Filipino troops during the Battle in San Mateo, Rizal.
The Spanish colonial period of the Philippines began when explorer Ferdinand Magellan came to the islands in 1521 and claimed it as a colony for the Spanish Empire. The period lasted until the Philippine Revolution in 1898.
03062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
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Here is Gabe Whitley's response to my defamation lawsuit for him calling me a rapist and perjurer in court documents.
You have to read it to believe it, but after you read it, you won't believe it. And I included eight examples of defamatory statements/
‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
01062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
04062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
An astonishing, first-of-its-kind, report by the NYT assessing damage in Ukraine. Even if the war ends tomorrow, in many places there will be nothing to go back to.
El Puerto de Algeciras continúa un año más como el más eficiente del continente europeo y vuelve a situarse en el “top ten” mundial, según el informe The Container Port Performance Index 2023 (CPPI), elaborado por el Banco Mundial y la consultora S&P Global.
El informe CPPI utiliza dos enfoques metodológicos diferentes para calcular la clasificación del índice: uno administrativo o técnico y otro estadístico, basado en análisis factorial (FA). Según los autores, esta dualidad pretende asegurar una clasificación que refleje con precisión el rendimiento real del puerto, a la vez que sea estadísticamente sólida. En esta edición del informe CPPI 2023, se han empleado los mismos enfoques metodológicos y se ha aplicado un método de agregación de clasificaciones para combinar los resultados de ambos enfoques y obtener una clasificación agregada.
4. •
•
•
•
•
RELIGION – Desire to return to animism
POLITICAL
OBJECTION AGAINST ECONOMIC POLICIES
AGRARIAN issues
PERSONAL GRIEVANCES
• Our group, ANTI POLO AND BANDALA, will be reporting on
the revolts aginst Economic impositions.
5. ECONOMIC POLICIES
ENCOMIENDA SYSTEM – the first economic policy that granted
the Spanish conquistadores the right to collect tribute in certain
territory.
POLO Y SERVICIO - forced labor; all men from 16-60 years old
had to render polo y servicio for 40 days in one year.
BANDALA – compulsory sale of products to the government
TRIBUTES AND OTHER TAXES – Symbolized one’s recognition
of
the authority of the King of Spain.
MONOPOLY and GALLEON TRADE
LAND GRABBING FOR THE HACIENDA SYSTEM
7. REVOLT of MAGALAT
1589 – Magalat of Cagayan launched
a revolt against the collection of tribute
by the Spaniards. The revolt ended
when Magalat was killed by Filipinos
who were hired by the Spaniards to kill
him.
8. REVOLTS AGAINST POLO AND BANDALA
The government then
incurred a large debt
on the Pamapangos
after it requisition
their rice harvest. In
the end, the Spanish
government utilized
the help of Juan
Macapagal, a former
chief of Arayat, to
suppress the revolt.
10. REVOLTS OF MALONG AND ALMAZAN
Simultaneous with the Maniago revolt was the
Andres Malong rebellion in Pangasinan.
Malong’s revolt was also rooted over the
abuses of polo y servicio and it soon spread to
Ilocos, Zambales and Cagayan. Due his
numerous followers, he declared himself king
of Pangasinan and allowed his military leaders
to take command of other places. His revolt
ended when he and his followers were
captured and killed by the Spaniards. Malong’s
revolt was followed by Pedro Almazan’s revolt
in Ilocos. Almazan declared himself king of
Ilocos. However, the Spaniard were also able
to crush his revolt.
11. JUAN DELA CRUZ PALARIS REBELLION
In the 18th century,
revolts continued to
spread in Pangasinan,
Ilocos and neighboring
places. Juan dela Cruz
Palaris led the revolt in
Pangasinan against the
collection of tribute of
Alcalde Mayor Joaquin
Gambao. The
governement removed
Gamboa from his post
and the revolt had been
pacified.
13. The British Siege of Manila
The British occupation of Manila was a result of the
war between France and Great Britain. This is known
as “The Seven Years War” which lasted from 17561763. This was partly due to the two countries’
struggle for power over India and North America.
Since Spain sided with France, Great Britain
attacked the Spaniards in Manila.
14. Inspired by the British
When the British attacked Manila
in September of1762, Diego was
there waiting for the galleon that
would be arriving from Mexico. At
that time, Philippines was being
governed by a friar, Archbishop
Manuel Rojo. The colony lacked
able leadership and in addition,
the British were far superior. The
defeat of the Spaniards was
witnessed by Diego Silang which
led him to believe that Spain was
not that powerful after all. He
planned to challenge the authority
of Spain in Ilocos. His revolt
inspired people from neighboring
parts of Northern Ilocos to revolt
also and Silang was able to
temporarily wrestle power in Ilocos
from the Spaniards.
15. Who is Diego Silang?
Diego Silang y Andaya (December 16, 1730 – May 28, 1763)
was a revolutionary leader who conspired with British forces to
overthrow Spanish rule in the northern Philippines and establish
an independent Ilocano nation. His revolt was fueled by
grievances stemming from Spanish taxation and abuses, and by
his belief in self-government, that the administration and
leadership of the Roman Catholic Church and government in the
Ilocos be invested in trained Ilocano officials.
Though Silang initially wanted to replace Spanish functionaries in
the Ilocos with native-born officials and volunteered to head
Ilocano forces against the British, desperate Spanish
administrators instead transferred their powers to the Catholic
Bishop of Nueva Segovia (Vigan), who rejected Silang's offer.
Silang's group attacked the city and imprisoned its priests. He
then began an association with the British who appointed him
governor of the Ilocos on their behalf and promised him military
reinforcement. The British force never materialized.
17. Why was Silang’s revolt significant?
Diego Silang’s revolt was
significant because even for a
short period of time, he was able
to liberate Ilocos from the
Spaniards. When the Spaniards
handed over Manila to the British,
Silang assumed that Spanisg
colonialism was no longer
legitimate in all parts of the colony.
Because of this, he agued that the
collection of tribute and polo y
servicio were no longer legitimate.
He also insisted that Ilocos be
governed by a Filipino.
The story of Silang showed his
role as one of the early advocates
of Filipino nationalism.
18. Death and Legacy
Diego Silang was killed by one of his
friends, a Spanish-Ilocano mestizo
named Miguel Vicos, whom church
authorities paid to assassinate Silang
with the help of Pedro Becbec. He
was 32 years old.
After Silang's death, his SpanishIlocana mestiza wife, Josefa Gabriela,
took command of the revolt and
fought courageously. The Spanish
sent a strong force against her. She
was forced to retreat to Abra. Gabriela
led her troops towards Vigan but was
driven back. She fled again to Abra,
where she was captured. Gabriela
and her men were summarily hanged
on September 20, 1763; she being
hanged the last.
21. The Basi Revolt
In 1807, another revolt took place in
Ilocos. This was a reaction to the
monopoly on wine implemented by
the Spaniards. The basi or sugarcane
wine was the native wine in Ilocos.
The Spaniards forced the Ilocanos to
sell their basi to the colonial
government. They were also
prohibited from drinking their own
native wine. If they wanted to have a
taste of their basi, they were ordered
to buy from the stores owned by the
Spanish government. This led to the
outbreak of the “basi revolt”.
22. Sumuroy’s Revolt
In the Visayas, Agustin
Samuroy led the revolt on
Samar in 1649 – 1650. The
revolt was against polo y
sercivio. Governor General
Fajardo polistas (the ones who
render polo y sercivio) from
Visayas to be brought to Cavite
for galleon building. The revolt
spread to Albay, Camarines,
Cebu, Masbate, and northern
Mindanao but it was defeated
by the Spanish forces.
32. •
•
•
•
A. the growth of businesses of Filipinos
B. opening of trade with other countries
C. deaths of many heroes
D. further impoverished the lives of the Filipinos