This document discusses the properties and changes of matter. It defines matter as anything that has mass and takes up space. It distinguishes between physical and chemical properties and changes. Physical changes do not alter the chemical identity of a substance, while chemical changes produce new substances. The three common states of matter are solids, liquids, and gases. Pure substances have a uniform composition and properties, while mixtures maintain the identities of their components but are not uniform throughout.

1. Matter and it’s PropertiesObjectives:Distinguish between the physical properties and chemical properties of matter.Classify changes of matter as physical and chemical.Explain the gas, liquid, and solid states in terms of particles.Distinguish between a mixture and a pure substance.

2. Matter and Its PropertiesMatter – anything that has mass and takes up spaceMass – measure of amount of matterVolume – amount of space and object takes upProperties – describe matter

3. Basic building blocks of matterAtom – smallest unit of an element that maintains properties of that element Ex: C, H, AlElement – pure substance made of only on kind of atom Ex: C, H, AlCompound – substance that is made from the atoms of two or more elements that are chemically bonded. Ex: CO2, H2O, C6H12O6

4. Properties and Changes in matterProperties distinguish between substances and separate themCan reveal identity of unknown substanceExtensive property – depend on the amount of matter that is present Ex: volume/massIntensive property – do not depend on the amount of matter present Ex: melting point, density, ability to conduct electricity

5. Physical properties and changesPhysical property – characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance.Example : melting point, boiling point, melt, freeze, torn.Physical Change – change in substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substanceExamples: grinding, cutting, melting, boiling

6. Changes of stateSolid – definite volume and shape Particles of solids are:

7. Packed together in fixed position,

8. Held close together by strong attractive forces

9. Only movement is vibrationChanges of stateLiquid – definite volume and no definite shape Particles of Liquids are:

10. Close together but can move past one another

11. Move more rapidly than those of a solid

12. Gives the ability to flowChanges of stateGas – no definite volume nor shape Particles of gases are:

13. Very far apart from one another

14. Move very fast