The document discusses key features of cities and urbanization trends. It notes that currently 54% of the global population lives in urban areas, and this percentage is projected to continue growing significantly by 2050. Some of the main features of cities discussed include their large population sizes, with many having over 10 million residents described as "megacities." Cities also tend to have high population densities due to large populations living in small land areas. Their populations often include people from diverse cultural backgrounds as a result of rural-urban migration and immigration, making cities cosmopolitan in nature.

1. SEC 2 GEOGRAPHY
Chapter 1:
How and Where do People Live?

4. 54% of
the
total
global
popula-on
live
in
urban areas
Where do
people
live
today?

5. What trend do you see?
increasing trend

6. what we expect in future
What does projected mean?

7. 54% of
the
total
global
popula-on
live
in
urban areas
Where do
people
live
today?
Where ?
mostly in
Cities
To find jobs,
…
Why ??

8. Can you identify these cities from
around the world?

9. 1950
2000
What do you
notice?
Population
living in
urban
environment
2050

10. 1950
2000
Population
living in
urban
environment
2050
Grown rapidly "
& still growing!

11. Urbanisation:
The increase in percentage of
people living in cities

12. Where do
people
live
today?
mostly in
Cities
We want to learn about…
(i)
Features
of
ci(es
(ii)
Challenges
of
living
in
ci(es

13. Textbook:
page
12
Workbook:
page
3-­‐5
(Ac.vity
1.2)
Learning by doing

14. Try
Ques.on
1
(WB
page
4)
(a)
Plot
the
top
5
ci-es
on
the
world
map.
(i)
Features
of
ci(es
Tip:
Refer
to
textbook
page
12
for
help!
Rank
City
(Country)
Popula.on
1
Tokyo
(Japan)
37.2
million
2
Delhi
(India)
22.7
million
3
Mexico
(Mexico)
20.4
million
4
New
York
City
(USA)
20.4
million
5
Shanghai
(China)
20.2
million
What do you
notice about
the population
size?

15. (i)
Features
of
ci(es
Feature #1:
Large population size
Rank
City
(Country)
Popula.on
1
Tokyo
(Japan)
37.2
million
2
Delhi
(India)
22.7
million
3
Mexico
(Mexico)
20.4
million
4
New
York
City
(USA)
20.4
million
5
Shanghai
(China)
20.2
million
cities with
more than
10million
people
Megacities –

16. (i)
Features
of
ci(es
Feature #1:
Large population size

17. Try
Ques.on
1
(WB
page
4)
(b)
Describe
the
distribu-on
of
these
megaci-es
in
the
world.
(i)
Features
of
ci(es
Guide:
-­‐
where
are
the
ci(es
mostly
located
at?
(in
Asia?
Europe?
Africa?
North
America?
South
America?)
-­‐
which
region
does
not
have
such
ci(es?

18. Try
Ques.on
1
(WB
page
4)
(b)
Describe
the
distribu-on
of
these
megaci-es
in
the
world.
(i)
Features
of
ci(es
• Megaci(es
are
mainly
found
in
the
Asia
Pacific
region
(eg.
Tokyo,
Japan
and
Shanghai,
China)
and
in
North
America
(New
York,
USA).
• There
is
an
absence
of
megaci(es
in
Africa
and
Europe.

19. Ø
Because
of
natural
increase
(i)
Features
of
ci(es
Feature #1:
Large population size
• Birth
rate
=
the
number
of
babies
born
per
1000
people
per
year
• Death
rate
=
the
number
of
deaths
per
1000
people
per
year
Natural
increase
=
Birth
rate
–
Death
rate
units:
per
1000
per
year

20. (i)
Features
of
ci(es
Natural
increase
=
Birth
rate
–
Death
rate
Now,
try
Ques.on
2
(WB
page
4)
Country
Birth
rate
(per
1,000
people)
Death
rate
(per
1,000
people)
Natural
increase
(per
1,000
people)
Brazil
15
6
Cameroon
38
12
Finland
11
10
Japan
8
10
Singapore
10
5
Vietnam
16
6
15
–
6
=
9
26
1
-­‐2
5
10

21. Ø
Because
of
natural
increase
Ø
Because
of
rural-­‐urban
migra.on
(i)
Features
of
ci(es
Feature #1:
Large population size
The
movement
of
people
from
rural
areas
into
a
city
to
live
and
work.
Why??

22. (i)
Features
of
ci(es
Feature #2:
High population density
Ø
Large
popula-on
living
in
a
small
land
area

23. (i)
Features
of
ci(es
Feature #2:
High population density
Popula>on
density
=
Number
of
people
Area
they
occupy
(in
km2)
high
popn
density
low
popn
density
=
1
million
people

24. (i)
Features
of
ci(es
Move
on
to
Ques.on
3
(WB
page
5)
Calculate
which
of
the
two
ci-es
(Delhi
or
Manila)
had
a
greater
popula-on
density
in
2011.
Explain
your
answer.
City
(country)
Land
area
(km2)
Popula.on
(million)
Popula.on
density
(people
per
km2)
Delhi
(India)
1,483
22.7
Manila
(Philippines)
619.5
11.9
22.7
x
1,000,000
1,483
11.9
x
1,000,000
619.5
Popula>on
density
=
Number
of
people
Area
they
occupy
(in
km2)
=
15,307
=
19,209
units:
people
per
km2

25. (i)
Features
of
ci(es
Feature #3:
Cosmopolitan population
Ø
Because
many
people
from
diverse
cultural
backgrounds
(ie.
from
different
places
in
the
world)
enter
the
city
and
interact
with
one
another.

26. Try
Ques.on
4
(WB
page
5)
Describe
the
ways
in
which
Singapore
can
be
considered
a
cosmopolitan
city.
(i)
Features
of
ci(es
• Singapore
has
a
mul>cultural
society
with
many
people
from
diverse
cultural
backgrounds.
• As
such,
many
different
languages
are
spoken
in
the
city
and
city
dwellers
are
open
to
different
ideas
and
ways
of
doing
things.

27. (i)
Features
of
ci(es
Feature #4:
Built-up area
covered
by
buildings
covered
by
roads

28. (ii)
Challenges
of
living
in
ci(es
housing
shortage
traffic
conges.on
floods

29. Geography…
The way
people live
The natural
environment

30. Geography…
The way
people live
The natural
environment
polluted
rivers
=
water
scarcity
&
fishes
die

31. Some photographs of places "
where people live in…
Think:"
Which do you want to live in? Why?

32. a.
Wooden
houses

33. a.
Wooden
houses
(on
the
inside)

34. a.
Wooden
houses
(on
the
inside)

35. b.
Wooden
houses
–
only
accessible
via
boats

36. c.
Slums

37. d.
Apartment
blocks
(Pinnacle
@
Duxton)

38. e.
Terrace
houses

39. A
yurt
in
Kazakhstan
used
as
a
café.
f.
A
yurt

40. Look at these photographs again…
Think:"
Where can we find these places?

41. Urban environment or "
Rural environment?
a.
Wooden
houses
c.
Slums
e.
Terrace
houses
d.
Apartment
blocks