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Conceptual Test
                                               PRS-Enabled
                                                   Chapter 6
                                       ASTRONOMY, A Beginner’s
                                         Guide to the Universe
                                                   5th edition
                                                   Chaisson
                                                   McMillan
© 2007 Pearson Prentice Hall
This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for
the use of instructors in teaching their courses and assessing student learning.
Dissemination or sale of any part of this work (including on the World Wide Web)
will destroy the integrity of the work and is not permitted. The work and materials
from it should never be made available to students except by instructors using
the accompanying text in their classes. All recipients of this work are expected to
abide by these restrictions and to honor the intended pedagogical purposes and
the needs of other instructors who rely on these materials.
Question 1

                           1) the Moon’s far side
Mercury’s surface most
                           2) Venus’ polar regions
resembles which of
                           3) Earth’s deserts
these?
                           4) the Moon’s near side
                           5) Mars’ deserts
Question 1

                                1) the Moon’s far side
Mercury’s surface most
                                2) Venus’ polar regions
resembles which of
                                3) Earth’s deserts
these?
                                4) the Moon’s near side
                                5) Mars’ deserts




                 Both Mercury & the
                 Moon’s far side are
                  heavily cratered.
Question 2
                    1) it always appears only half lit.
                    2) it is never more than 28° from the Sun.
Mercury is very
                    3) its elliptical orbit causes it to change
hard to observe
                        speed unpredictably.
from Earth
                    4) its surface reflects too little sunlight.
because
                    5) its surface does not allow radar to
                        bounce back to Earth.
Question 2
                         1) it always appears only half lit.
                         2) it is never more than 28° from the Sun.
Mercury is very
                         3) its elliptical orbit causes it to change
hard to observe
                             speed unpredictably.
from Earth
                         4) its surface reflects too little sunlight.
because
                         5) its surface does not allow radar to
                             bounce back to Earth.




             Mercury’s inner orbit keeps it
             close to the Sun, visible only
               for an hour or two before
                sunrise or after sunset.
Question 3
                 1) Mercury’s is more dense, with carbon dioxide.
How do the       2) They are similar, only 1% as dense as ours.
atmospheres of   3) The cooler Moon retains a thicker nitrogen
the Moon and         atmosphere.
Mercury          4) As no spacecraft has yet landed there, no
compare?             information exists about Mercury’s.
                 5) Neither body has a permanent atmosphere.
Question 3
                  1) Mercury’s is more dense, with carbon dioxide.
How do the        2) They are similar, only 1% as dense as ours.
atmospheres of    3) The cooler Moon retains a thicker nitrogen
the Moon and          atmosphere.
Mercury           4) As no spacecraft has yet landed there, no
compare?              information exists about Mercury’s.
                  5) Neither body has a permanent atmosphere.




             The lack of an atmosphere
             acting as a protective layer
            contributes to their extremely
                  cratered surfaces.
Question 4
                       1) it is so close to the Sun.
Mercury has extreme
                       2) its surface rocks don’t retain heat.
high and low
                       3) it spins too fast to cool down.
temperatures
                       4) Mercury’s axis has no tilt; its
between night and          equator receives direct sunlight.
day because            5) it has no atmosphere to moderate
                           temperatures over the globe.
Question 4
                         1) it is so close to the Sun.
Mercury has extreme
                         2) its surface rocks don’t retain heat.
high and low
                         3) it spins too fast to cool down.
temperatures
                         4) Mercury’s axis has no tilt; its
between night and            equator receives direct sunlight.
day because              5) it has no atmosphere to moderate
                             temperatures over the globe.




                       Mercury’s very high sunlit
                      surface temperature of 700 K,
                      and low mass, explain why it
                           has no atmosphere.
Question 5
                      1) Our Moon keeps the same side toward us.
Which statement       2) Mercury keeps the same side sunward at
about the rotations       perihelion.
of Mercury & the      3) Like our Moon, Mercury does not rotate at all,
Moon is FALSE?            keeping the same side facing the Sun.
                      4) On Mercury, three “days” equals two “years”.
                      5) On the Moon, each “day” lasts about 15 Earth
                          days of constant sunlight.
Question 5
                      1) Our Moon keeps the same side toward us.
Which statement       2) Mercury keeps the same side sunward at
about the rotations       perihelion.
of Mercury & the      3) Like our Moon, Mercury does not rotate at all,
Moon is FALSE?            keeping the same side facing the Sun.
                      4) On Mercury, three “days” equals two “years”.
                      5) On the Moon, each “day” lasts about 15 Earth
                          days of constant sunlight.




                 Both Mercury and the Moon
               rotate slowly, and show a “spin-
                 lock” created by tidal forces
                  from nearby large objects.
Question 6
                            1) Mercury
Which of the following
                            2) Venus
inner solar system
                            3) Earth
bodies has the
                            4) Moon
densest atmosphere?
                            5) Mars
Question 6
                                 1) Mercury
Which of the following
                                 2) Venus
inner solar system
                                 3) Earth
bodies has the
                                 4) Moon
densest atmosphere?
                                 5) Mars




                    Venus’ atmosphere has a pressure
                    about 90 times larger than Earth’s.


                      Many of its surface features are
                    affected by this immense pressure.
Question 7
                                  1) nitrogen
The Greenhouse                    2) hydrogen
Effect on Venus is due            3) carbon dioxide
to ______ in its                  4) oxygen
atmosphere.                       5) sulfuric acid
Question 7
                                     1) nitrogen
The Greenhouse                       2) hydrogen
Effect on Venus is due               3) carbon dioxide
to ______ in its                     4) oxygen
atmosphere.                          5) sulfuric acid




                     Venus’ atmosphere is over 96% CO2
                      resulting in a surface temperature
                              exceeding 900 °F.
Question 8
                     1) many impact craters of all sizes.
Venus’ surface       2) shield volcanoes.
shows all of the     3) a continent-sized plateau.
following EXCEPT     4) huge circular volcanic coronae.
                     5) lava domes.
Question 8
                     1) many impact craters of all sizes.
Venus’ surface       2) shield volcanoes.
shows all of the     3) a continent-sized plateau.
following EXCEPT     4) huge circular volcanic coronae.
                     5) lava domes.




                            Venus’ thick atmosphere
                             shields the planet from
                            smaller meteor impacts.
Question 9
                         1) little or no effect
                         2) about the same as on Earth
What effect does the
                         3) It has reduced the surface temperature
Greenhouse Effect
                             by about 30 degrees Celsius.
have on the surface
                         4) It has raised the surface temperature
environment of
                             by hundreds of degrees Celsius.
Venus?
                         5) It causes the surface temperature of
                             Venus to become hotter than Jupiter.
Question 9
                          1) little or no effect
                          2) about the same as on Earth
What effect does the
                          3) It has reduced the surface temperature
Greenhouse Effect
                              by about 30 degrees Celsius.
have on the surface
                          4) It has raised the surface temperature
environment of
                              by hundreds of degrees Celsius.
Venus?
                          5) It causes the surface temperature of
                              Venus to become hotter than Jupiter.




                       Even though Venus is farther from the
                         Sun than Mercury, it actually has a
                       higher surface temperature because of
                               the Greenhouse Effect.
Question 10
                               1) Mercury
Which of the following
                               2) Venus
inner solar system
                               3) Earth
bodies has the largest
volcanoes?                     4) Mars
                               5) Moon
Question 10
                                  1) Mercury
Which of the following
                                  2) Venus
inner solar system
                                  3) Earth
bodies has the largest
volcanoes?                        4) Mars
                                  5) Moon




                         Mars’ largest volcano, Olympus
                          Mons, rises more than 25 km
                              (75,000 ft.) above the
                               surrounding plains.
Question 11
                   1) they are slightly bigger than Earth.
Venus and Mars
                   2) they are more massive than Earth.
probably evolved
                   3) they have thicker atmospheres than Earth.
differently from
                   4) they formed sooner than Earth.
Earth because
                   5) they orbit at different distances from the Sun.
Question 11
                   1) they are slightly bigger than Earth.
Venus and Mars
                   2) they are more massive than Earth.
probably evolved
                   3) they have thicker atmospheres than Earth.
differently from
                   4) they formed sooner than Earth.
Earth because
                   5) they orbit at different distances from the Sun.
Question 12

                   1) it spins much slower than Earth does.
The weakness
                   2) its core may no longer be molten.
of the magnetic
                   3) its core contains less iron than our Earth.
field of Mars is
because            4) Both 2 and 3 are probable.
                   5) All of the above are correct.
Question 12

                          1) it spins much slower than Earth does.
The weakness
                          2) its core may no longer be molten.
of the magnetic
                          3) its core contains less iron than our Earth.
field of Mars is
because                   4) Both 2 and 3 are probable.
                          5) All of the above are correct.




                                                     Mars is smaller,
                                                     and would have
                                                      cooled more
                                                        quickly.


      Earth        Mars
Question 13
                        1) rainfall
What was the most       2) catastrophic but rare flooding
likely source of the    3) annual melting of the seasonal
water that formed the       ice caps
huge outflow channels   4) large comets that struck Mars
of Mars?                5) a collision with one of Jupiter’s
                            frozen moons
Question 13
                        1) rainfall
What was the most       2) catastrophic but rare flooding
likely source of the    3) annual melting of the seasonal
water that formed the       ice caps
huge outflow channels   4) large comets that struck Mars
of Mars?                5) a collision with one of Jupiter’s
                            frozen moons




                                Flooding on Mars appears
                                to have occurred about 3
                                    billion years ago.

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Chapter 06 Tests

  • 1. Conceptual Test PRS-Enabled Chapter 6 ASTRONOMY, A Beginner’s Guide to the Universe 5th edition Chaisson McMillan © 2007 Pearson Prentice Hall This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors in teaching their courses and assessing student learning. Dissemination or sale of any part of this work (including on the World Wide Web) will destroy the integrity of the work and is not permitted. The work and materials from it should never be made available to students except by instructors using the accompanying text in their classes. All recipients of this work are expected to abide by these restrictions and to honor the intended pedagogical purposes and the needs of other instructors who rely on these materials.
  • 2. Question 1 1) the Moon’s far side Mercury’s surface most 2) Venus’ polar regions resembles which of 3) Earth’s deserts these? 4) the Moon’s near side 5) Mars’ deserts
  • 3. Question 1 1) the Moon’s far side Mercury’s surface most 2) Venus’ polar regions resembles which of 3) Earth’s deserts these? 4) the Moon’s near side 5) Mars’ deserts Both Mercury & the Moon’s far side are heavily cratered.
  • 4. Question 2 1) it always appears only half lit. 2) it is never more than 28° from the Sun. Mercury is very 3) its elliptical orbit causes it to change hard to observe speed unpredictably. from Earth 4) its surface reflects too little sunlight. because 5) its surface does not allow radar to bounce back to Earth.
  • 5. Question 2 1) it always appears only half lit. 2) it is never more than 28° from the Sun. Mercury is very 3) its elliptical orbit causes it to change hard to observe speed unpredictably. from Earth 4) its surface reflects too little sunlight. because 5) its surface does not allow radar to bounce back to Earth. Mercury’s inner orbit keeps it close to the Sun, visible only for an hour or two before sunrise or after sunset.
  • 6. Question 3 1) Mercury’s is more dense, with carbon dioxide. How do the 2) They are similar, only 1% as dense as ours. atmospheres of 3) The cooler Moon retains a thicker nitrogen the Moon and atmosphere. Mercury 4) As no spacecraft has yet landed there, no compare? information exists about Mercury’s. 5) Neither body has a permanent atmosphere.
  • 7. Question 3 1) Mercury’s is more dense, with carbon dioxide. How do the 2) They are similar, only 1% as dense as ours. atmospheres of 3) The cooler Moon retains a thicker nitrogen the Moon and atmosphere. Mercury 4) As no spacecraft has yet landed there, no compare? information exists about Mercury’s. 5) Neither body has a permanent atmosphere. The lack of an atmosphere acting as a protective layer contributes to their extremely cratered surfaces.
  • 8. Question 4 1) it is so close to the Sun. Mercury has extreme 2) its surface rocks don’t retain heat. high and low 3) it spins too fast to cool down. temperatures 4) Mercury’s axis has no tilt; its between night and equator receives direct sunlight. day because 5) it has no atmosphere to moderate temperatures over the globe.
  • 9. Question 4 1) it is so close to the Sun. Mercury has extreme 2) its surface rocks don’t retain heat. high and low 3) it spins too fast to cool down. temperatures 4) Mercury’s axis has no tilt; its between night and equator receives direct sunlight. day because 5) it has no atmosphere to moderate temperatures over the globe. Mercury’s very high sunlit surface temperature of 700 K, and low mass, explain why it has no atmosphere.
  • 10. Question 5 1) Our Moon keeps the same side toward us. Which statement 2) Mercury keeps the same side sunward at about the rotations perihelion. of Mercury & the 3) Like our Moon, Mercury does not rotate at all, Moon is FALSE? keeping the same side facing the Sun. 4) On Mercury, three “days” equals two “years”. 5) On the Moon, each “day” lasts about 15 Earth days of constant sunlight.
  • 11. Question 5 1) Our Moon keeps the same side toward us. Which statement 2) Mercury keeps the same side sunward at about the rotations perihelion. of Mercury & the 3) Like our Moon, Mercury does not rotate at all, Moon is FALSE? keeping the same side facing the Sun. 4) On Mercury, three “days” equals two “years”. 5) On the Moon, each “day” lasts about 15 Earth days of constant sunlight. Both Mercury and the Moon rotate slowly, and show a “spin- lock” created by tidal forces from nearby large objects.
  • 12. Question 6 1) Mercury Which of the following 2) Venus inner solar system 3) Earth bodies has the 4) Moon densest atmosphere? 5) Mars
  • 13. Question 6 1) Mercury Which of the following 2) Venus inner solar system 3) Earth bodies has the 4) Moon densest atmosphere? 5) Mars Venus’ atmosphere has a pressure about 90 times larger than Earth’s. Many of its surface features are affected by this immense pressure.
  • 14. Question 7 1) nitrogen The Greenhouse 2) hydrogen Effect on Venus is due 3) carbon dioxide to ______ in its 4) oxygen atmosphere. 5) sulfuric acid
  • 15. Question 7 1) nitrogen The Greenhouse 2) hydrogen Effect on Venus is due 3) carbon dioxide to ______ in its 4) oxygen atmosphere. 5) sulfuric acid Venus’ atmosphere is over 96% CO2 resulting in a surface temperature exceeding 900 °F.
  • 16. Question 8 1) many impact craters of all sizes. Venus’ surface 2) shield volcanoes. shows all of the 3) a continent-sized plateau. following EXCEPT 4) huge circular volcanic coronae. 5) lava domes.
  • 17. Question 8 1) many impact craters of all sizes. Venus’ surface 2) shield volcanoes. shows all of the 3) a continent-sized plateau. following EXCEPT 4) huge circular volcanic coronae. 5) lava domes. Venus’ thick atmosphere shields the planet from smaller meteor impacts.
  • 18. Question 9 1) little or no effect 2) about the same as on Earth What effect does the 3) It has reduced the surface temperature Greenhouse Effect by about 30 degrees Celsius. have on the surface 4) It has raised the surface temperature environment of by hundreds of degrees Celsius. Venus? 5) It causes the surface temperature of Venus to become hotter than Jupiter.
  • 19. Question 9 1) little or no effect 2) about the same as on Earth What effect does the 3) It has reduced the surface temperature Greenhouse Effect by about 30 degrees Celsius. have on the surface 4) It has raised the surface temperature environment of by hundreds of degrees Celsius. Venus? 5) It causes the surface temperature of Venus to become hotter than Jupiter. Even though Venus is farther from the Sun than Mercury, it actually has a higher surface temperature because of the Greenhouse Effect.
  • 20. Question 10 1) Mercury Which of the following 2) Venus inner solar system 3) Earth bodies has the largest volcanoes? 4) Mars 5) Moon
  • 21. Question 10 1) Mercury Which of the following 2) Venus inner solar system 3) Earth bodies has the largest volcanoes? 4) Mars 5) Moon Mars’ largest volcano, Olympus Mons, rises more than 25 km (75,000 ft.) above the surrounding plains.
  • 22. Question 11 1) they are slightly bigger than Earth. Venus and Mars 2) they are more massive than Earth. probably evolved 3) they have thicker atmospheres than Earth. differently from 4) they formed sooner than Earth. Earth because 5) they orbit at different distances from the Sun.
  • 23. Question 11 1) they are slightly bigger than Earth. Venus and Mars 2) they are more massive than Earth. probably evolved 3) they have thicker atmospheres than Earth. differently from 4) they formed sooner than Earth. Earth because 5) they orbit at different distances from the Sun.
  • 24. Question 12 1) it spins much slower than Earth does. The weakness 2) its core may no longer be molten. of the magnetic 3) its core contains less iron than our Earth. field of Mars is because 4) Both 2 and 3 are probable. 5) All of the above are correct.
  • 25. Question 12 1) it spins much slower than Earth does. The weakness 2) its core may no longer be molten. of the magnetic 3) its core contains less iron than our Earth. field of Mars is because 4) Both 2 and 3 are probable. 5) All of the above are correct. Mars is smaller, and would have cooled more quickly. Earth Mars
  • 26. Question 13 1) rainfall What was the most 2) catastrophic but rare flooding likely source of the 3) annual melting of the seasonal water that formed the ice caps huge outflow channels 4) large comets that struck Mars of Mars? 5) a collision with one of Jupiter’s frozen moons
  • 27. Question 13 1) rainfall What was the most 2) catastrophic but rare flooding likely source of the 3) annual melting of the seasonal water that formed the ice caps huge outflow channels 4) large comets that struck Mars of Mars? 5) a collision with one of Jupiter’s frozen moons Flooding on Mars appears to have occurred about 3 billion years ago.