1. Science Year 4
Unit 6 :
The Earth And The Universe
Lesson 1 :
Our Solar System The Universe
The Earth

2. Our SOlar SYStem
Inner
Planets
Mercury Venus Earth Mars
Neptune
Sun
Uranus
Outer
Asteroid Belt Planets
Saturn
Comet Jupiter

3. the Sun
Corona
Convection
Zone
 Is a star, a hot ball glowing
gases at the heat of solar
Radiation
Zone
system.
 Largest object in the solar
Core
system.
Photosphere
 Without the sun’s intense
energy and heat, there
would be no life on Earth.

4. mercurY
 Closest planet to the Sun.
 The Smallest planet in the solar
system.
。 。
 Heavily cratered surface can reach
801 F ( 427 C )
 No atmosphere to trap the heat,
。 。
night time temperatures plummet to
-279 F ( -173 C )

5. VenuS
( earth’S SiSter planet)
 Similar to Earth in size and mass.
 Its atmosphere is primarily carbon
dioxide.
 Permanent blanket of clouds traps heat,
creating surface temperatures hot.
 Reflective cloud cover makes it the
brightest.

6. earth
( the big blue marble )
 The only planet to support life.
 Is a complex system of air, water,
and land.
 Thin and dynamic veil of
atmosphere.
 Rapid spin and molten nickel-iron
core give rise to a magnetic field.

7. marS
( the red planet)
 Rocky planet’s surface has seen volcanoes,
meteor impacts, shifting tectonic plates, and
huge dust storms.
 Seasonal temperature fluctuations.
Jupiter
( the giant )
 Largest planet.
 Mainly hydrogen and helium atmosphere
resembles that of our sun.

8. Saturn
( the ringed planet )
 Gas giants.
 Made of hydrogen and helium.
 Has 3 wide rings.
uranuS
( the blue planet )
 Spins on a axis that often points directly at
the sun.
 Methane gas in its atmosphere.

9. neptune
( the OutermOSt planet )
 Bright blue coloring from methana gas in its
atmosphere.
plutO
( celeStial SnOwballS )
 Dwarf Planets.
 In 2006, petite Pluto was stripped of its planet
status and down graded to dwarf planet.

10. aSterOid belt
 Between Mars and Jupiter.
aSterOid
 Chunks of rock that travel around the sun.

11. cOmet
 Balls of rock and ice that grow tails as they
approach the sun.
 Gas and dust are expelled and trail behind
them as it heat up.
meteOr
 Tiny rocks which probably come from the
asteroid belt.
 Meteorite impacts velocities.
meteOrite impactS
VelOcitieS

12. Distance from Sun Mass of Planet Time for 1 Orbit of Sun
Planet
( million Km ) ( x1022 kg) ( days )
Mercury 58 33 88
Venus 108 487 224.7
Earth 150 598 365.2
Mars 228 64.2 687
Jupiter 778 109,000 4,332
Saturn 1,429 56,900 10,760
Uranus 2,871 8,690 30,700
Neptune 4,504 10,280 60,200
Pluto 5,913 1.49 90,600

14. exerciSe
1. What is the closest planet to the Sun? Mercury
2. What planet is famous for the beautiful rings Saturn
that surround it?
3. What is the hottest planet in our solar system? Venus
4. Can humans breathe normally in space as they
can on Earth? No
5. Is the planet Neptune bigger than Earth? Yes
6. What planet is known as the red planet? Mars
7. Is the sun a star or a planet? A star
8. Who was the first person to walk on the moon? Neil Armstrong
9. Does the sun orbit the Earth? No
10. What is the name of the force holding us to the Gravity
Earth?
More exercises More information