Ch04 presentation finding_out_what_is_wrong
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The chapter discusses assessing injuries and illnesses by performing a primary check, physical exam, and obtaining a medical history. The primary check determines if the person is responsive, breathing, and has life-threatening bleeding. The physical exam assesses the entire body for injuries. A SAMPLE history identifies the person's condition by learning about signs/symptoms, allergies, medications, pertinent medical history, last food/drink, events leading to the emergency. The assessment process helps first responders determine appropriate first aid care until emergency medical help arrives.
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Ch07 presentation shock
Shock is caused by inadequate blood flow and oxygen delivery to tissues. The causes include cardiovascular issues like heart failure or blood loss, as well as non-cardiovascular issues like respiratory problems, allergic reactions, or psychological stress. The signs of shock include altered mental status, pale skin, rapid breathing and heartbeat, and nausea. Treatment focuses on treating injuries, keeping the person lying down and warm, and calling for emergency help.
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The document provides information on extremity injuries, including assessment, common injury types, and treatment procedures. It describes injuries to areas like shoulders, elbows, wrists, hands, hips, knees, legs, ankles and feet. For each type of injury, it outlines signs and symptoms to look for and appropriate first aid actions to take, usually following the RICE procedure of rest, ice, compression and elevation. It emphasizes seeking prompt medical care for serious fractures, dislocations or other injuries with deformities, loss of function or circulation issues.
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This document provides first aid information for asthma, sprains and strains, and bone fractures. For asthma attacks, it describes the symptoms and treatment steps of using an inhaler, sitting the person upright, and calling for emergency help if needed. For sprains and strains, it recommends the RICE treatment method of rest, ice, compression with a support bandage, and elevation. For fractures, it lists symptoms like deformity, movement or grinding, and advises calling for medical help and immobilizing the injured area until help arrives.
First aid in fracture in ENGLISH
THIS SLIDE IS PREPARED BY SURESH KUMAR FOR MY STUDENT SUPPORT SYSTEM TO WATCH THIS VIDEO VISIT YOUTUBE CHANNEL- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC3tfqlf__moHj8s4W7w6HQQ
YOU CAN JOIN FACEBOOK GROUP FOR MORE SUCH VIDEOS BY THIS LINK- https://www.facebook.com/groups/241390897133057/
FOR MAKING EASY NOTES YOU CAN ALSO VISIT MY BLOG - https://mynursingstudents.blogspot.com/
Instagram- https://www.instagram.com/mystudentsupportsystem_nursing/
Twitter-https://twitter.com/student_system?s=08
,#firstaid,#firstaidinfracture,#greenstickfracture,#spiralfracture,#comminutedfracture, #compoundfracture,#depressedfracture,#anm,#gnm,#bscnursing, #homehealthcare,#nationalhealthprograms
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First aid new dr akshita
first aid
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First Aid Anatomy Chapter 3 djorgenmorris
The document provides an overview of the major human body systems including:
1) The respiratory system which provides oxygen to the blood and can cause cardiac arrest if not functioning properly.
2) The circulatory system including the heart which pumps blood through vessels to supply the body with oxygen and remove waste.
3) The nervous system made up of neurons which coordinate all body functions and can be damaged by injury.
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Here are some ways culture can impact care needs:
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- Cultural norms around personal space, touch, eye contact, and decision making (individual vs family/community oriented) influence comfort levels and expectations.
- Cultural traditions and holidays hold meaning. Incorporating familiar activities can boost well-being.
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- Anatomy and assessment techniques for specific joints like the shoulder, wrist/hand, spine, hip, knee, and ankle.
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This document discusses the anatomy and examination of the anus, rectum, and prostate. It describes:
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- Common symptoms involving the anus and rectum that should be asked about.
- Techniques for examining the anus and rectum in both male and female patients, including inspecting for abnormalities and examining the interior with a lubricated finger.
- The normal characteristics of the prostate that should be evaluated during a digital rectal exam.
Ppt17
The document summarizes key aspects of the nervous system, including definitions of the central and peripheral nervous systems. It describes the main regions and components of the brain and spinal cord that make up the central nervous system. It also outlines the 12 pairs of cranial nerves and peripheral nerves that are part of the peripheral nervous system. Finally, it provides guidance on examining various aspects of the nervous system, such as cranial nerves, motor and sensory function, coordination, and reflexes.
Ppt09 1
This document provides guidance on examining the cardiovascular system, including anatomy, techniques, and findings. It describes:
- Assessing vital signs like blood pressure and heart rate
- Evaluating jugular venous pressure and carotid pulse
- Palpating the chest wall and point of maximal impulse
- Auscultating heart sounds and identifying murmurs by timing, duration, shape, intensity, quality, and location
The goal is to correctly identify valvular and heart disease by combining knowledge of heart anatomy and function with a systematic clinical examination.
Ch03 presentation human_body
The document provides an overview of the major human body systems including:
1) The respiratory system which provides oxygen to the blood and can cause death within 4-6 minutes if oxygen is cut off.
2) The circulatory system including the heart which pumps blood through vessels to supply the body with oxygen and remove waste.
3) The nervous system made up of neurons which coordinate all body functions and is divided into the central and peripheral nervous systems.
4) Other systems like the skeletal, muscular and skin systems are also briefly described. Directional terms are defined to communicate locations in the body.
Ch05 presentation cpr
1) CPR is performed to move blood to the heart and brain through chest compressions and provide oxygen through rescue breaths when someone suffers cardiac arrest or their heart stops beating.
2) CPR procedures vary based on the age of the victim, being either adult, child, or infant. It involves checking for responsiveness, calling for emergency help, providing chest compressions and rescue breaths in a repeated cycle until emergency services arrive or the victim shows signs of life.
3) For a choking victim, back blows are used for adults and children while chest compressions are used for infants to dislodge any blockages in the airway. CPR is started if the person becomes unresponsive during choking treatment.
Wounds
1. Wounds are injuries to living tissue caused by cuts, blows, or other impacts that typically break the skin. Wounds can be either open, with the skin broken and tissue exposed, or closed, with the skin intact.
2. Open wounds include abrasions, incisions, lacerations, punctures, and avulsions. Closed wounds include contusions, hematomas, and crush injuries.
3. Wounds can be caused by external trauma or internally by impaired circulation, neuropathy, or medical illness. Risk factors include smoking, alcohol, age, lifestyle, immobility, and chronic illnesses.
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Ch10 presentation bandaging_wounds
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Pathopart6
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first aid for asthama,sprain and bone fracture.
This document provides first aid information for asthma, sprains and strains, and bone fractures. For asthma attacks, it describes the symptoms and treatment steps of using an inhaler, sitting the person upright, and calling for emergency help if needed. For sprains and strains, it recommends the RICE treatment method of rest, ice, compression with a support bandage, and elevation. For fractures, it lists symptoms like deformity, movement or grinding, and advises calling for medical help and immobilizing the injured area until help arrives.
First aid in fracture in ENGLISH
THIS SLIDE IS PREPARED BY SURESH KUMAR FOR MY STUDENT SUPPORT SYSTEM TO WATCH THIS VIDEO VISIT YOUTUBE CHANNEL- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC3tfqlf__moHj8s4W7w6HQQ
YOU CAN JOIN FACEBOOK GROUP FOR MORE SUCH VIDEOS BY THIS LINK- https://www.facebook.com/groups/241390897133057/
FOR MAKING EASY NOTES YOU CAN ALSO VISIT MY BLOG - https://mynursingstudents.blogspot.com/
Instagram- https://www.instagram.com/mystudentsupportsystem_nursing/
Twitter-https://twitter.com/student_system?s=08
,#firstaid,#firstaidinfracture,#greenstickfracture,#spiralfracture,#comminutedfracture, #compoundfracture,#depressedfracture,#anm,#gnm,#bscnursing, #homehealthcare,#nationalhealthprograms
What are fractures
A fracture is a break in a bone, which is usually very painful. Common causes are accidents, falls, osteoporosis or overuse. Symptoms include intense pain, deformity, swelling and problems moving. Treatment depends on the type and location of the fracture, but may include splinting, casting, surgery to insert plates or screws. First aid involves splinting the injured area without moving it to avoid further injury, and seeking immediate medical care.
Ch21 presentation heat_emergencies
The document discusses various heat-related emergencies and how to recognize and treat them. It describes how the body cools itself through sweating and radiation and how dehydration can occur if fluid loss isn't replaced. Various conditions are covered, including heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heat stroke, and hyponatremia. For serious conditions like heat stroke, immediate cooling and medical help are critical, while milder issues may be treated by resting in cool areas and slowly rehydrating with fluids containing electrolytes. Recognition of risk factors and symptoms is important to properly treat potential heat-related illnesses.
First aid new dr akshita
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,first ,aid ,responder ,golden ,hour ,fainting ,seizures ,stroke ,cardiac ,arrest ,cpr ,burns ,health ,healthcare ,heart ,fitness ,fracture ,frost bite ,snake bite ,poisoning ,dog bite ,electricity ,schock ,workshop ,presentation ,presentations ,webinar.
First Aid Anatomy Chapter 3 djorgenmorris
The document provides an overview of the major human body systems including:
1) The respiratory system which provides oxygen to the blood and can cause cardiac arrest if not functioning properly.
2) The circulatory system including the heart which pumps blood through vessels to supply the body with oxygen and remove waste.
3) The nervous system made up of neurons which coordinate all body functions and can be damaged by injury.
4) Other systems like the muscular, skeletal, and integumentary systems which provide structure, movement, and skin protection respectively. Understanding human anatomy is important for first aid providers to assess and treat medical issues.
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Here are some ways culture can impact care needs:
- Dietary needs and preferences may be influenced by cultural customs. For example, some cultures emphasize certain foods in their diets.
- Religious and spiritual practices, such as attending services or praying at certain times, may be important to observe based on one's culture.
- Communication styles and language preferences may differ across cultures. Using an interpreter or speaking more slowly/clearly may help some residents.
- Cultural norms around personal space, touch, eye contact, and decision making (individual vs family/community oriented) influence comfort levels and expectations.
- Cultural traditions and holidays hold meaning. Incorporating familiar activities can boost well-being.
Ppt16
The document describes the musculoskeletal system, including:
- Types of joints (synovial, cartilaginous, fibrous) and examples of each.
- An overview of synovial joints, their shapes that allow different movements, and examples.
- Guidelines for examining the major joints, including inspection, palpation, and range of motion tests.
- Anatomy and assessment techniques for specific joints like the shoulder, wrist/hand, spine, hip, knee, and ankle.
Firstaid
This document provides an overview of first aid, covering topics such as wounds, bleeding, fractures, burns, CPR, shock, and asthma attacks. It defines first aid as initial help given before professional medical help arrives. The key principles of first aid are to preserve life, promote recovery, and prevent further injury. First aid priorities are to check for safety, level of consciousness, breathing, pulse, bleeding, fractures, poisoning, and shock before moving a casualty. Treatment methods for different injuries and conditions are also outlined.
Ppt13
This document discusses the anatomy and examination of the male genitalia and hernias. It describes the structures of the penis, testes, scrotum, vas deferens and inguinal canal. It provides guidance on taking a sexual health history and performing a genital exam, including inspecting and palpating the penis, scrotum, testes and groin to evaluate for hernias or abnormalities. The document also reviews tips for communicating with patients and the characteristics of common types of hernias.
Ppt18
This document discusses pediatric assessment from infancy through adolescence. It outlines the areas assessed at each stage including physical, cognitive, and social/emotional development. Key physical exam findings are described for each developmental period from newborn through adolescence. Exam techniques aim to minimize distress, such as examining young children in the parent's lap. Puberty is assessed using Tanner staging in adolescence. The document provides guidance on the appropriate physical exam across pediatric ages and stages.
Ppt15
This document discusses the anatomy and examination of the anus, rectum, and prostate. It describes:
- The anatomy of the anal canal, rectum, and structures like the prostate gland.
- Common symptoms involving the anus and rectum that should be asked about.
- Techniques for examining the anus and rectum in both male and female patients, including inspecting for abnormalities and examining the interior with a lubricated finger.
- The normal characteristics of the prostate that should be evaluated during a digital rectal exam.
Ppt17
The document summarizes key aspects of the nervous system, including definitions of the central and peripheral nervous systems. It describes the main regions and components of the brain and spinal cord that make up the central nervous system. It also outlines the 12 pairs of cranial nerves and peripheral nerves that are part of the peripheral nervous system. Finally, it provides guidance on examining various aspects of the nervous system, such as cranial nerves, motor and sensory function, coordination, and reflexes.
Ppt09 1
This document provides guidance on examining the cardiovascular system, including anatomy, techniques, and findings. It describes:
- Assessing vital signs like blood pressure and heart rate
- Evaluating jugular venous pressure and carotid pulse
- Palpating the chest wall and point of maximal impulse
- Auscultating heart sounds and identifying murmurs by timing, duration, shape, intensity, quality, and location
The goal is to correctly identify valvular and heart disease by combining knowledge of heart anatomy and function with a systematic clinical examination.
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Ch03 presentation human_body
The document provides an overview of the major human body systems including:
1) The respiratory system which provides oxygen to the blood and can cause death within 4-6 minutes if oxygen is cut off.
2) The circulatory system including the heart which pumps blood through vessels to supply the body with oxygen and remove waste.
3) The nervous system made up of neurons which coordinate all body functions and is divided into the central and peripheral nervous systems.
4) Other systems like the skeletal, muscular and skin systems are also briefly described. Directional terms are defined to communicate locations in the body.
Ch05 presentation cpr
1) CPR is performed to move blood to the heart and brain through chest compressions and provide oxygen through rescue breaths when someone suffers cardiac arrest or their heart stops beating.
2) CPR procedures vary based on the age of the victim, being either adult, child, or infant. It involves checking for responsiveness, calling for emergency help, providing chest compressions and rescue breaths in a repeated cycle until emergency services arrive or the victim shows signs of life.
3) For a choking victim, back blows are used for adults and children while chest compressions are used for infants to dislodge any blockages in the airway. CPR is started if the person becomes unresponsive during choking treatment.
Wounds
1. Wounds are injuries to living tissue caused by cuts, blows, or other impacts that typically break the skin. Wounds can be either open, with the skin broken and tissue exposed, or closed, with the skin intact.
2. Open wounds include abrasions, incisions, lacerations, punctures, and avulsions. Closed wounds include contusions, hematomas, and crush injuries.
3. Wounds can be caused by external trauma or internally by impaired circulation, neuropathy, or medical illness. Risk factors include smoking, alcohol, age, lifestyle, immobility, and chronic illnesses.
Pathopart3
This document provides an overview of cellular structure and function, including the roles of the plasma membrane and intracellular fluids and electrolytes. It describes the basic unit of living organisms (the cell), the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, cellular organelles, and plasma membrane transport mechanisms. Homeostasis of fluids and electrolytes is maintained through balance of intake and output, and imbalances can cause disorders like dehydration or edema.
Pathopart2
This document provides an overview of disease at the chemical level. It discusses the chemical basis of life, including atoms, elements, isotopes, and chemical bonding. It then describes the major classes of biological chemicals that make up living organisms, including carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids. Carbohydrates are divided into sugars and polysaccharides. Proteins have different levels of structure and serve many functions in the body. Nucleic acids like DNA contain the genetic instructions for life. The document lays the foundation for understanding disease at the molecular level.
Pathopart1
This document discusses pathophysiology and disease. It defines key concepts like homeostasis, disease, and pathophysiology. It describes the hierarchical structure of the body from cells to the biosphere. It also discusses predisposing factors to disease, the pathogenesis and clinical presentation of disease, and different classifications of disease including infectious, immunologic, inflammatory, and metabolic. Interactive multimedia resources on gas exchange and ARDS are also referenced.
Ch10 presentation bandaging_wounds
This document discusses bandaging wounds, including different types of dressings and bandages. It describes how to apply various bandages, such as roller bandages using spiral or figure-eight methods, and cravat bandages to the head, arm, leg, or hand. Proper bandaging helps control bleeding, prevents infection, absorbs drainage, protects the wound, and provides support. Signs of a bandage being too tight are also outlined.
Pathopart6
This document discusses the body's defenses against disease and injury. It covers the three lines of defense: anatomical barriers, inflammatory response, and immune response. The immune response involves both humoral immunity via antibodies produced by B cells and cell-mediated immunity via T cells. B cells produce antibodies that neutralize toxins, viruses, and bacteria. T cells directly attack pathogens. The document discusses the roles of lymphocytes, cytokines, antigen presentation, and the interactions between immune cells.
Skin ap
The integumentary system consists of the skin and its structures that protect the body from damage, regulate temperature and water balance, and synthesize vitamin D. The skin is composed of three main layers - the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous layer. The epidermis contains keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and provides a protective barrier. The dermis contains blood vessels, hair follicles, and glands. The subcutaneous layer consists of connective tissue and adipose tissue. Accessory structures include hair, nails, sebaceous glands and sweat glands. The integumentary system helps regulate body temperature through vasodilation, sweating and shivering.
Ch18 presentation poisoning(1)
Poisons can be ingested, inhaled, injected, or absorbed through contact. Common household poisons include antifreeze, some medicines, corrosive cleaners, fuels, and pesticides. For ingested poisons, call the Poison Help hotline and follow their instructions, which may include placing the person on their side and monitoring breathing. Alcohol intoxication causes impaired judgment, vision, reaction time and coordination and can be identified by the smell of alcohol, unsteadiness, slurred speech and more. Opiate overdose causes reduced breathing, pinpoint pupils and sedation. Carbon monoxide is odorless and colorless and causes headache, dizziness and more. Plant-induced dermat
Magnesium sulfate
This document outlines the treatment of magnesium sulfate for several medical conditions including eclampsia, pre-eclampsia, torsades de pointes, and refractory ventricular fibrillation. It recommends an initial IV dose of 4 grams of magnesium sulfate mixed with saline and dextrose given over 5-10 minutes, followed by additional 2 gram doses if needed to convert abnormal heart rhythms or address low magnesium levels. Ongoing maintenance infusion of 1 gram per 250 mL of dextrose solution is also described. Medical contact is advised for any questions.
Ch06 presentation aed
A person's chance of survival from sudden cardiac arrest improves with early CPR and defibrillation using an automated external defibrillator (AED) within the first few minutes. AEDs analyze the heart rhythm and deliver an electric shock if needed to restore a normal rhythm. They are found in many public places. Proper use involves turning on the AED, applying pads to the person's bare chest, clearing everyone away, and following the device's prompts, which may include delivering a shock. Special considerations include removing medication patches or allowing implanted devices to stop functioning before use.
Ch20 presentation cold_emergencies
Cold exposure can lead to hypothermia and cold injuries as the body loses heat faster than it can produce it. The body responds to cold through vasoconstriction and shivering. Prolonged exposure can impair dexterity and movement. Cold injuries include chilblains, trench foot, frostnip, and frostbite. Hypothermia is a medical emergency that occurs when core body temperature falls below 95°F and requires immediate rewarming. Treatment depends on severity but may include removing wet clothes, applying heat, and giving warm fluids. CPR may be needed but requires checking for a pulse first. Proper clothing, hydration, and avoiding alcohol help minimize cold risks.
Ch02 presentation action_at_an_emergency
1) Emergencies require quick decision making from bystanders including recognizing the emergency, deciding to help, calling 911 if needed, checking the injured person, and giving first aid.
2) Bystanders may be less likely to offer help due to a lack of knowledge about what is an emergency or other factors influencing their decision.
3) When deciding whether to help, bystanders should consider factors like their ability to help safely and their comfort level with providing care. Immediate transport by EMS is necessary for conditions like difficulty breathing or bleeding that won't stop.
Ch19 presentation bites_and_stings
This document discusses various animal bites and stings. It covers bites from dogs, snakes including pit vipers and coral snakes, other reptiles like lizards, and marine animals. It also discusses stings from insects like bees, wasps and fire ants, spiders including black widows, scorpions, and jellyfish. For each type of bite or sting, it describes symptoms and what first aid steps to take, such as calling 911, applying a pressure bandage, giving pain medication, and keeping the affected area immobilized.
Ch01 presentation background_information
This document discusses why first aid is important, who needs first aid, and provides an overview of key first aid concepts. It notes that first aid is for acute illnesses and injuries, with goals of preserving life, alleviating suffering, and promoting recovery. The document outlines important legal considerations for first aid providers, including obtaining consent, not exceeding training, and not abandoning injured persons. It also discusses negligence, duty to act, breach of duty, injuries/damages, training restrictions, confidentiality, Good Samaritan laws, and injury prevention strategies.
Ch05 soft tissue injury shorter
This chapter discusses soft-tissue trauma, including the anatomy, pathophysiology, assessment, and management of soft-tissue injuries. It covers the layers of the skin, blood vessels, and muscles. Common soft-tissue injuries are described such as abrasions, lacerations, punctures, and avulsions. Complications like hemorrhage, infection, and impaired healing are addressed. Assessment techniques like inspection, palpation, and focused examination are outlined. The objectives and considerations for wound dressings and bandaging different body areas are presented.
Soft tissue injury
This document discusses different types of soft tissue injuries and classifications systems used to categorize them. It describes closed wounds like contusions and hematomas versus open wounds. Classification systems like Gustilo and Tscherne grade soft tissue damage and help determine appropriate treatment and prognosis. The goal is to effectively communicate injury severity and anticipate complications to improve patient outcomes.
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Road safety and first aid after trauma
Dr. Rohit Nath discusses basic first aid steps that can be taken after an accident to save lives before medical help arrives. The key points are:
1) Check the scene is safe, check response, and call for help if no response. Put in recovery position if breathing, or start CPR if not breathing.
2) For CPR, do chest compressions at 100/min to a depth of 4-5cm, open airway with head tilt and chin lift, and give 2 rescue breaths every 30 compressions.
3) Other important steps are controlling bleeding, splinting fractures, and transferring the victim as soon as possible. Dr. Nath emphasizes that basic first aid skills
Chapter 4 Finding out What's Wrong
The document provides an overview of performing a victim assessment to determine what medical conditions exist and what treatment may be required. It outlines the steps of the assessment including: conducting a scene size-up; performing a primary check of responsiveness, breathing, circulation, and severe bleeding; and a secondary check of signs and symptoms. Additional steps covered are taking a SAMPLE history, performing special consideration checks, and reassessing the victim. The goal is to identify any life-threatening conditions that need immediate treatment.
Neurological assessment ppt
The document provides guidance on performing a neurological assessment to identify abnormalities. The assessment involves gathering information on symptoms, medical history, and conducting a mental status exam, cranial nerve assessment, reflex testing, motor and sensory exams, and evaluating coordination and gait. The goal is to screen for neurological disorders and determine the location and components affected. The assessment uses basic equipment and involves systematically testing various reflexes, sensations, strengths, and movements.
FIRST AID PPT.ppt
This document outlines the key topics to be covered in a first aid presentation, including emergency action steps, checking conscious and unconscious victims, treating internal and external bleeding, shock, burns, eye injuries, nose injuries, bites and stings, fractures, splinting, poisoning, diabetic emergencies, stroke, seizures, and heat and cold emergencies. The presentation will provide skills to save lives by teaching how to check a scene for safety, check and interview conscious victims, take vital signs, examine the skin, and perform a head-to-toe assessment.
Neurological assessment ppt by heena mehta
The document provides guidance on performing a neurological examination. It outlines assessing the cranial nerves, reflexes, motor system, and sensory system. The cranial nerve examination involves testing each nerve individually. Reflex testing grades reflexes on a scale from 0 to 4. The motor exam evaluates muscle strength on a scale from 0 to 5. Finally, the sensory exam tests sensations like pain, touch, and position sense. The goal is to identify which parts of the neurological system may be affected.
First aid binus square - 3 oktober 2015
The document provides information on basic first aid training presented to students at Binus Square. It discusses why learning first aid is important, defines basic first aid, and reviews the aims of first aid. Specific first aid treatments are covered for conditions like unconsciousness, nosebleeds, heart attacks, burns, choking, and bleeding. The contents of a first aid kit and basic action plans for assessment and treatment are also reviewed. The training concludes with a session on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) techniques for adults, children, and infants.
Chapter 4 Finding Out What’s WrongStudent Learning Outcome -.docx
Chapter 4: Finding Out What’s Wrong?
Student Learning Outcome - 5
Explain victim assessment procedures.
Victim Assessment
Procedures
www.jblearning.com
Finding out what is wrong is influenced by whether the victim is:
Responsive or Unresponsive
Injured or Ill
Life threatening conditions exist
COI is significant or not
COI Cause of Injury
2
Victim Assessment
Scene Size-up
Primary Check
Secondary check
SAMPLE History
Reassessment
Victim Assessment
Scene Size-up
Primary Check
SAMPLE History
Reassessment
Secondary Check
Scene Size-up (3 – 5 seconds)
Every time you encounter a victim, first check out the scene.
Safety at the scene
Nature/Cause of Injury or Illness
Number of Victims
If the scene is not safe do not enter the area
4
Scene Size-up
Potential dangers include:
Broken glass / metal, or an unsteady crash vehicle.
Chemicals, fire, electricity or explosions.
Sharp objects on the floor such as a knife / syringe.
Angry bystanders/ unruly crowds
Violent victims
Primary Check
Aim: Identify life threatening conditions
Health Care
Providers only
The goal: to determine whether there are life-threatening problems that require quick care.
Victim’s with immediate life- threatening conditions can die within minutes unless their problems are quickly recognized and corrected
6
Responsiveness
Breathing
Severe Bleeding
Circulation
Victim’s Responsiveness
Check for responsiveness by speaking to the victim.
If the victim does not respond, tap his shoulder and ask are you okay?
If the victim answers, moans or moves, the victim is responsive
If there is no response, consider the victim as being unresponsive.
While approaching the victim form a first impression of the victim.
If you are unable to determine whether the victim is ill or injured, treat the victim as injured.
if a person can talk; breathing and heartbeat are present
7
Level of Responsiveness
AVPU ScaleAAlertVictim’s eyes are open and can answer questions clearly VResponsive to verbal stimulusVictim responds in some meaningful wayPResponsive only to painful stimulusVictim’s eyes do not open, does not respond to questions, but moves or cries when pinchedUUnresponsive to any stimulusVictim’s eyes do not open and does not respond to any stimulus
Check Breathing
Step 1: Open the airway
Head tilt – chin lift method
Jaw thrust method
(in case of spinal injury)
Check Breathing
Look – for rise and fall of chest
Listen – for normal or abnormal breath sounds
Feel – for air movement
For 10 seconds
Step 2:
Normal breathing : 2 – 3 times in 10 secondsBreathing SoundPossible CauseSnoringAirway partially blockedGurglingFluids in throatCrowingSpasm of larynx / foreign bodyWheezingPartial obstruction in BronchiOccasional GaspingBreathing af ...
Lecture 7: first aid, choke, CPR, diabetes, bleed, burn
- First aid is immediate care given to someone who is injured or suddenly ill. It focuses on preserving life, preventing condition from worsening, and promoting recovery.
- When providing first aid, assess the scene for safety, get consent to help, and call for emergency help if needed. Follow basic steps like checking breathing, stopping severe bleeding, treating for shock.
- For medical emergencies like allergic reaction, stroke, heart attack, seizures, give appropriate first aid like epinephrine injection, calling emergency services, recovery position. Handle injuries like fractures, burns, bites by examining area, stabilizing injury, cooling burns and seeking medical care.
First Aid PPT PDF.pdf
First aid is immediate medical assistance given before full medical treatment can be accessed. It involves assessing injuries and illnesses, treating to prevent worsening, and preparing patients for transport to further care. Key skills include controlling bleeding, treating for shock, applying dressings and slings, and performing CPR if needed. Proper first aid training enables people to swiftly and effectively respond to emergencies until emergency medical services arrive.
First aid & emergency care of the injured
This document provides an overview of first aid and emergency care for injuries. It defines first aid as the initial care for an illness or injury, including life-saving techniques that individuals can be trained to perform with minimal equipment. The goals of first aid are to preserve life, prevent further injury, and promote recovery. The document outlines procedures for assessing injuries and providing first aid for issues like bleeding, fractures, shock, and more. It emphasizes the importance of seeking immediate medical help when needed.
H.A Regional examination Unit#02,Chapter#04.pptx
H.A Regional examination Unit#02,Chapter#04.pptxPKLI University- Institute of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences Lahore , Pakistan.
UNIT#02
Regional Examinations
C H A P T E R#04 (Part 1)
Beginning the Physical Examination:
General Survey, Vital Signs, and Pain
!st-2nd Survey(Q3).pptx
The document provides information about conducting first aid assessments. It discusses conducting a primary survey to check for life-threatening conditions like consciousness, breathing, and circulation for unconscious victims. It then discusses performing a secondary survey on conscious victims, which includes taking a medical history, checking vital signs like pulse, temperature, respiration, and skin color, and conducting a head-to-toe examination. It emphasizes the importance of properly assessing situations and knowing the correct primary and secondary survey procedures.
Week 10_HAPE_Musculoskeletal.pptx
This document provides guidelines for conducting a physical examination of the musculoskeletal system. It outlines the standard protocol, including performing hand hygiene and explaining the procedure to the patient. It describes obtaining subjective information from the patient regarding joints, muscles, bones and functional assessment. It also lists the objective assessment steps including inspecting various areas like the temporomandibular joint, cervical spine, and shoulders while observing for any abnormalities.
Pediatric assessment DR ATIQUR RAHMAN KHAN
The document outlines the process for assessing ill or injured pediatric patients which involves an initial assessment, primary survey, secondary survey, and ongoing assessment. The initial assessment utilizes the pediatric assessment triangle to quickly evaluate appearance, work of breathing, and circulation. The primary survey consists of evaluating the child's airway, breathing, circulation, disability, and exposure. The secondary survey includes a focused history and head-to-toe physical exam. Ongoing assessment re-evaluates the child's condition and response to interventions. Recognition of life-threatening conditions requires understanding key anatomical and physiological differences between children and adults.
External examination in autopsies with pro forma
The document discusses guidelines for performing an external examination during an autopsy. It emphasizes that the external exam is important for establishing identity, determining cause and manner of death, and looking for natural diseases. An ideal external exam is thorough, documented carefully, and involves photography. Key steps include examining clothing and jewellery, measuring height and weight, documenting injuries or other physical findings, and assessing rigor mortis and livor mortis. Proper identification of the body and consent are also addressed.
External examination in autopsies with pro forma
The document provides guidance on performing an external examination during an autopsy. It emphasizes that the external exam is important for establishing identity, determining cause and manner of death, and looking for natural disease. It describes examining the entire body, including identification marks, clothing, jewelry, height, weight, rigor mortis, livor mortis, drying, edema, cyanosis, and hands and feet. Proper documentation of all findings is stressed.
Assessment in Newborn
1. A newborn is considered full term if born between 38-42 weeks gestation. Physical characteristics of newborns include their weight, height, head and chest circumference. They possess several reflexes that disappear with age as they develop.
2. Assessment of newborns includes initial assessment using APGAR scores and measurements, transitional assessment of changes in first 24 hours, physical exam, and gestational age assessment using the Ballard score which examines external and neuromuscular signs.
3. Nursing care of normal newborns focuses on maintaining airway, temperature, vital signs, hygiene and bonding with parents. Common minor problems are vomiting, constipation, excessive crying and skin conditions.
Ch16 presentation splinting_extremities
This document provides guidance on splinting injured extremities in the field. It describes stabilizing fractures and dislocations before moving patients, as well as the reasons for splinting like reducing pain and preventing further injury. Common types of splints are described as rigid, soft, or self-splints. Instructions are provided on applying splints and slings to different parts of the body like the shoulder, arm, elbow, forearm, wrist, hand, pelvis, hip, knee, lower leg, ankle and foot. Guidance is also given on when to seek medical care after splinting.
GRADE 9 HEALTH - FIRST AID AND FIRST AIDER.pptx
1. The document provides information on first aid basics and emergency situations. It discusses assessing emergencies, characteristics of good first aiders, steps in providing first aid like opening the airway and checking breathing, and principles of first aid.
2. It also lists the top 10 things to do in an emergency, which includes shouting for help, surveying the scene, determining if hospital care is needed, providing CPR if certified, stopping bleeding, treating shock, checking for medical tags, seeking medical assistance, and not giving anything by mouth to an unconscious victim.
3. The document includes an activity where readers answer true or false questions to test their understanding of first aid information.
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Lecture 7: first aid, choke, CPR, diabetes, bleed, burn
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Chapter 36 Multisystem Trauma & Trauma in Special Populations.ppt
The document discusses trauma care for special patient populations including pregnant patients, pediatric patients, geriatric patients, and cognitively impaired patients. It outlines anatomical and physiological considerations for each group as well as assessment and management considerations for prehospital providers. Key points include managing potential life threats, controlling bleeding, treating for shock, providing spinal immobilization as needed, and rapidly transporting patients to definitive care.
Nc head and spinal trauma(3)
This document discusses various types of head and spinal injuries including focal brain injuries like cerebral contusions and epidural hematomas. It covers signs of herniation and treatments for head injuries like maintaining proper blood pressure and endotracheal intubation. Diffuse axonal injuries and concussions are discussed. Spinal injuries from various mechanisms like hyperflexion and hyperextension are outlined. Medications used in spinal immobilization and rapid sequence intubation are listed.
Chapter22 standard precautions
This chapter discusses standard precautions and transmission-based precautions for emergency care providers. It describes the three most common bloodborne illnesses - hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. It outlines signs and symptoms and protective measures for airborne diseases like tuberculosis, chickenpox, and measles. It also discusses droplet illnesses including pertussis, mumps, meningitis and influenza. The chapter stresses the importance of personal protective equipment, hand washing, and vaccines/immunizations for providers.
Chapter21 trauma arrest
This document discusses the management of patients in traumatic cardiopulmonary arrest (TCPA). It outlines guidelines for determining whether or not to initiate or continue resuscitation attempts based on the mechanism and severity of injury. The most common cause of TCPA is hypoxemia due to airway or breathing problems. The document provides direction on evaluating and treating the underlying causes of arrest using the ITLS Primary Survey, with a focus on establishing a patent airway and adequate ventilation and oxygenation through positive pressure ventilation or other advanced airway interventions. Fluid resuscitation is also emphasized to treat shock from blood loss or other causes of inadequate circulation.
Chapter20 impaired patient
The document discusses the assessment and management of impaired patients under the influence of alcohol or drugs. It outlines signs and symptoms of substance influence to watch for, including altered mental status, abnormal breathing patterns, and dilated or constricted pupils. Proper interaction techniques are emphasized to ensure patient cooperation, including treating them with respect and setting clear limits if uncooperative. Excited delirium, a dangerous condition caused by stimulants, is also covered. The document stresses the importance of thorough assessment, monitoring, and safety when dealing with these complex patients.
Chapter19 trauma in pregnancy
Trauma in pregnancy presents unique challenges as providers must care for both the mother and unborn child. Physiological changes in pregnancy like increased blood volume and an elevated diaphragm can obscure signs of shock. Rapid evaluation and aggressive oxygen and fluid administration are critical to stabilize both patients. Positioning to prevent supine hypotension is also important. Motor vehicle collisions are the leading cause of trauma. Relatively minor abdominal trauma can cause fetal death while maternal death is the most common cause of fetal demise.
Chapter18 geriatric trauma
This chapter discusses the assessment and management of geriatric trauma patients. It notes that the aging body undergoes many physiological changes that can make injuries more severe and outcomes worse even with minor trauma. It is important to consider pre-existing medical conditions and medications when evaluating geriatric patients. The assessment process may need to be adapted to accommodate the special needs of elderly patients, and undertriage should be avoided. Ongoing monitoring of vital functions is also crucial given how physical declines can affect compensation.
Chapter17 peds trauma
This document discusses pediatric trauma from an emergency care perspective. It covers objectives like gaining confidence of pediatric patients and parents, predicting injuries based on mechanisms, and using appropriate equipment. Key points include anatomical differences between children and adults that affect injury patterns and responses. Effective communication involves speaking on a child's level, including parents, and demonstrating competence. Injuries like falls, motor vehicle crashes, and abuse are common causes of pediatric trauma. Rapid assessment and treatment of life-threatening injuries like head, chest, abdominal and spinal injuries is critical.
Chapter14 extremity trauma
The document discusses extremity trauma, including fractures, dislocations, open wounds, amputations, and other injuries. It emphasizes that extremity injuries are generally not life-threatening, but can cause disability or complications like hemorrhage or compartment syndrome. The key priorities are to address any life-threatening injuries first, check neurovascular status, control bleeding, clean and dress wounds, splint suspected fractures to prevent further injury, and watch for signs of compartment syndrome.
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This document discusses abdominal trauma, including identifying anatomy, differentiating between blunt and penetrating injuries, and describing treatments. It outlines objectives like identifying pelvic fractures, exterior injuries reflecting internal damage, and indicators of intra-abdominal injuries. Major causes of death from abdominal trauma are hemorrhage and infection. Proper stabilization is critical for patients with abdominal injuries to prevent further harm.
Chapter11 spinal trauma
1) Spinal motion restriction (SMR) guidelines aim to minimize spinal movement to avoid aggravating injury, but should only be applied based on careful evaluation of injury mechanism and reliable patient assessment, not simply due to mechanism alone.
2) While SMR is traditionally recommended for spinal trauma patients, there is limited evidence that it improves outcomes and it can cause complications; a patient-centered approach evaluates each case individually.
3) Special situations like closed-space rescues, water incidents, or patients in protective gear may require airway access or equipment removal, which should be done while prioritizing spinal stabilization and neutral alignment.
Chapter10 head trauma
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Chapter8 shock
The document discusses shock, including its pathophysiology, types, signs and symptoms, and management. It defines shock as a state in which inadequate tissue perfusion results in cellular injury. There are four main types of shock discussed: hypovolemic, distributive, cardiac, and obstructive. For each type of shock, the document outlines the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and appropriate pre-hospital management, which generally involves controlling hemorrhage, providing oxygen, establishing intravenous access, administering fluids as indicated, and rapid transport. New research areas on shock resuscitation are also reviewed.
Chapter6 thoracic trauma
The document discusses thoracic trauma and identifies the major life-threatening injuries that can result from chest trauma. It outlines 12 potentially deadly thoracic injuries that require rapid identification and treatment, including flail chest, tension pneumothorax, massive hemothorax, and cardiac tamponade. The summary provides guidelines for assessing and managing each injury in the field to maximize patient survival and outlines the importance of ongoing reassessment during transport.
Chapter4 airway management
The document discusses airway management for trauma patients. It covers anatomy of the respiratory system, importance of maintaining a patent airway, supplemental oxygen delivery methods, various airway adjuncts including their indications and use, signs of difficult ventilation, and essential components of an airway kit. Maintaining oxygenation and effective ventilation are critical tasks in trauma care.
Chapter2 trauma assessment and management
The document outlines the steps in the ITLS trauma assessment process including the primary survey, ongoing exam, and secondary survey. The primary survey consists of a scene size-up, initial assessment including ABCs, and a rapid trauma survey or focused exam. Critical interventions should be performed without delay for conditions like airway obstruction or major bleeding. The ongoing exam monitors for changes. The secondary survey is a more thorough head-to-toe exam, which may be done en route or on scene for stable patients.
Chapter1 scene size up
Scene size-up is the first step of trauma assessment and involves evaluating scene safety, initial triage needs, additional resource requirements, and mechanism of injury. Understanding the mechanism, such as in motor vehicle collisions, falls, or penetrating injuries, allows providers to anticipate potential injuries based on the forces involved. Proper scene size-up is critical for effective trauma management and patient care.
Nc ch 31 soft tissue trauma
This document discusses soft tissue trauma and burns. It provides definitions for many medical terms related to wound healing, scar formation, and burn treatment. It describes the phases of wound healing including hemostasis, inflammation, epithelialization, neovascularization, and collagen synthesis. It also discusses types of burns such as thermal, chemical, and electrical burns and their specific treatments. High risk wounds, dressing types, and burn center criteria are outlined.
Trauma part 1 nancy caroline
This document provides an introduction to trauma, including blunt and penetrating injuries. It discusses key topics such as the leading causes of traumatic death, the Hadden matrix for risk analysis, trauma system designations, the roles and responsibilities of paramedics in trauma cases, mechanisms of injury related to forces and energy, types of automobile collisions and their impacts, indices of suspicion for car accidents and pedestrian strikes, blast injuries, penetrating trauma, and characteristics of ballistics such as velocity and wounding patterns. The document serves to educate paramedics about assessing and treating various trauma scenarios.
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Ch04 presentation finding_out_what_is_wrong
- 1. Chapter 4 Finding Out What is Wrong
- 2. Assessment Overview • Assessment: Sequence of actions that helps determine what is wrong • A primary check will determine: − Illness or injury − Responsiveness or unresponsiveness − Existence of life-threatening condition
- 3. Assessment Overview © Jones & Bartlett Learning.
- 4. Assessment Steps • Perform a primary check. • Perform a physical exam. • Obtain the person’s SAMPLE history.
- 5. Scene Size-up • Look for hazards. • Be aware of the potential for violence. • Be observant for weapons. • If scene appears hazardous, do not go in. • Reduce exposure. • Determine whether problem is injury or illness.
- 6. Primary Check • Identify life-threatening conditions so that you can immediately take action to treat the conditions. − Responsiveness − Circulation − Breathing − Severe bleeding
- 7. Primary Check • Form a first impression. − Injury or illness? − Responsive or unresponsive? − Breathing adequately? Talking? − Bleeding? − Chance of exposure to blood or body fluids? − Danger to you, injured or ill person, or bystanders?
- 8. Primary Check • Check responsiveness. − Tap the person on the shoulder and ask, “Are you okay?” • If the person does not respond, call 9-1-1. • If you cannot detect breathing, begin CPR.
- 9. Primary Check • Check for breathing. − Chest movement − Normal and abnormal breath sounds − Cyanosis and skin color © Jones & Bartlett Learning.
- 10. Primary Check • Check for severe bleeding. − Check for a large amount of blood. • Around the person • On the person’s clothing − Control bleeding. − Wear exam gloves.
- 11. Primary Check • Position the person. − Most people should not be moved. − Exceptions: • Unsafe location • Person is face down and needs CPR • Person has difficulty breathing from vomit • First aid provider must leave to get help • Signs of shock develop
- 12. Placing an Unresponsive Breathing Person in the Recovery Position • Kneel next to the person’s side. • Straighten both legs. • Place the arm nearest you out from the body. © Jones & Bartlett Learning.
- 13. Placing an Unresponsive Breathing Person in the Recovery Position • Bring the other arm across the person’s chest. • Grab and raise the far knee until it is bent. © Jones & Bartlett Learning. © Jones & Bartlett Learning.
- 14. Placing an Unresponsive Breathing Person in the Recovery Position • Grab the person’s bent knee and shoulder and roll the person toward you, onto the side. © Jones & Bartlett Learning.
- 15. Placing an Unresponsive Breathing Person in the Recovery Position • Adjust the top leg so that both the knee and the hip are bent at right angles. • Keep the top hand under the person’s cheek. © Jones & Bartlett Learning. © Jones & Bartlett Learning.
- 16. Physical Exam • Determine whether the cause of injury was significant. − Assume a person with a head injury also has a spinal injury.
- 17. Physical Exam • For a responsive person − Ask if he or she can feel or wiggle the fingers and toes. • For an unresponsive person − If you suspect a spinal injury, do not move the person’s head or neck.
- 18. Physical Exam • Assess the person’s entire body. − Signs—conditions you can see, feel, hear, and smell − Symptoms—things the person feels and is able to describe • The chief complaint
- 19. Physical Exam • D = Deformity • O = Open wounds • T = Tenderness • S = Swelling © American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. © Jones & Bartlett Learning. Courtesy of MIEMSS. © Johnathan Noden- Wilkinson/ShutterStock. © American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.
- 20. Significant Cause of Injury • Check the head. • Check the eyes. • Check the ears and nose. • Check the mouth. © Jones & Bartlett Learning. Courtesy of MIEMSS.
- 21. Significant Cause of Injury • Check the neck. • Check the chest. − Gently press inward. © Jones & Bartlett Learning. Courtesy of MIEMSS. © Jones & Bartlett Learning. Courtesy of MIEMSS.
- 22. Significant Cause of Injury • Check the abdomen. − Gently press on all four quadrants. © Jones & Bartlett Learning. Courtesy of MIEMSS.
- 23. Significant Cause of Injury • Check the pelvis. − Gently press inward on tops of hips. − Press downward. © Jones & Bartlett Learning. Courtesy of MIEMSS.© Jones & Bartlett Learning. Courtesy of MIEMSS.
- 24. Significant Cause of Injury • Check all four extremities. − Circulation − Sensation − Movement • Check the back. © Jones & Bartlett Learning. Courtesy of MIEMSS.
- 25. Special Considerations • Skin condition − Temperature − Color − Moisture © Jones & Bartlett Learning. © Jones & Bartlett Learning.
- 26. Special Considerations • Capillary refill test − Press fingernail or toenail for a few seconds and release. © American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. © American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.
- 27. Special Considerations • Expose injury. − Explain what you are doing. − Maintain privacy. − Prevent exposure to cold. © American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.
- 28. Special Considerations • Check for medical identification tags. − Wallet − Purse − Necklace to cold. − Bracelet Courtesy of the MedicAlert Foundation®. © 2006, All Rights Reserved. MedicAlert® is a federally registered trademark and service mark. Courtesy of the MedicAlert Foundation®. © 2006, All Rights Reserved. MedicAlert® is a federally registered trademark and service mark.
- 29. SAMPLE History • Helps identify what is wrong with the person • Can indicate what first aid is needed © Jones & Bartlett Learning.
- 30. What to Do Until Medical Help is Available • Recheck a serious illness or injury regularly. • Remaining calm and reassuring the person may be the best treatment you can provide.