Ch 6 web quest
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This document discusses different types of bacteria including their shapes, helpful functions, and disease-causing abilities. It describes three shapes of bacteria - coccus (spherical), bacillus (rod-shaped), and spiral. Several types of helpful bacteria are listed along with their functions. Disease-causing bacteria discussed include those that cause tuberculosis, leprosy, tetanus, plague, gastric ulcers, and anthrax. The document also covers how bacteria reproduce through binary fission and describes extremophile bacteria that thrive in high salt concentrations (halophiles), high temperatures (thermophiles), and cold temperatures (psychrophiles).
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3) Mycobacterium leprae bacteria lead to leprosy, affecting nerves and skin. Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which forms lesions in the lungs.
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This document defines various microorganisms and discusses their characteristics. It explains that pathogens cause disease, bacteria can decay plants and animals, viruses rely on hosts to reproduce, and parasites need hosts to survive. It then discusses the growth conditions for bacteria, including food, acidity, temperature, time, oxygen, and moisture. Shapes of bacteria include coccus, bacilli, and spirilla. Viruses are the smallest microbes and consist of genetic material within a protein coat. Parasites can be acquired through various means. Fungi, including molds and yeasts, can cause spoilage in foods.
Normal flora
The document discusses normal flora, which are microorganisms that inhabit healthy humans without causing harm. Normal flora are found on skin and mucous membranes but not inside organs. The skin and mucous membranes harbor both resident and transient flora. The document then describes characteristics, types, roles, and locations of normal flora in different parts of the body including skin, oral cavity, respiratory tract, digestive tract, and urogenital tract. Common genera of normal flora are discussed for each location.
Bacteria
Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms that can exist in three basic shapes - rods (called bacilli), spheres (called cocci), or spirals. They reproduce through binary fission and consume nutrients in various ways. Bacteria are classified based on several factors including their shape, staining properties, oxygen requirements, environment, and cell wall composition. Some key groups of bacteria include phototrophic bacteria, gliding bacteria, sheathed bacteria, and spirochetes.
Water and food borne bacterial diseases
This document summarizes several waterborne and foodborne bacterial diseases. It discusses pathogens that can contaminate water and food like Salmonella, E. coli, Vibrio cholerae, and Listeria, causing illnesses such as diarrhea, dysentery, cholera, and typhoid fever. Symptoms vary but often include nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps and diarrhea. Contamination can occur through drinking contaminated water, eating undercooked foods, or improper food handling and hygiene practices. Proper treatment of water and safe food preparation are important for preventing transmission of these harmful bacteria.
Clostridium
This document summarizes information about Bacillus, Clostridium, and Mycobacterium bacteria. It describes their characteristics, diseases they cause, and clinical signs and lesions associated with those diseases. Key points include Bacillus anthracis causes anthrax, Clostridium tetani causes tetanus, Clostridium perfringens can cause gas gangrene, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the cause of tuberculosis in cattle and humans. The document provides detailed information on the pathogenesis and clinical presentation of diseases caused by these important bacterial genera.
Human microbiota
The document summarizes the major microbial hotspots in the human body, including the nose, oral cavity, skin, gut, and urogenital areas. It provides examples of some common microbes found in each site, such as Staphylococcus and Aspergillus in the nose, Streptococcus and Prevotella in the mouth, Propionibacterium and Staphylococcus on the skin, and Lactobacillus, Clostridium, and Escherichia coli in the gut and urogenital tract. The document also notes that an individual's microbiome can vary in terms of species and amounts of microbes present.
Microbiology 2
Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, which are tiny living organisms not visible to the naked eye. There are several types of microorganisms including fungi, bacteria, and viruses. Fungi such as molds and yeasts can cause food spoilage, but some are used to produce foods like cheese and bread. Bacteria come in different shapes and either test Gram-positive or Gram-negative in lab tests. While many bacteria are harmless, some can cause infectious diseases. Microorganisms live everywhere and understanding their characteristics is important for food safety and public health.
Microbiology 1
Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, which are tiny living organisms not visible to the naked eye. There are several types of microorganisms including fungi, bacteria, and viruses. Fungi such as molds and yeasts can cause food spoilage, but some are used to produce foods like cheese and bread. Bacteria come in different shapes and either test Gram-positive or Gram-negative in lab tests. While many bacteria are harmless, some can cause infectious diseases. Microorganisms live everywhere and understanding their characteristics is important for food safety and medicine.
Monera
Monera are single-celled prokaryotic organisms that include bacteria. Bacteria come in various shapes and live nearly everywhere. They are classified into three main types - cocci, bacilli, and spirilla - based on their shape. Bacteria obtain nutrients in different ways, such as photosynthesis, consuming chemicals, or parasitizing other organisms. They reproduce through asexual binary fission. Archaea are a distinct group of prokaryotes that can survive in extreme environments like deep sea hydrothermal vents or acidic swamps.
Gram Positive Spore Forming Rods
Scientists divide Gram-positive bacilli into spore-forming and non-spore-forming genera. The two spore-forming genera are Bacillus and Clostridium. Bacillus forms endospores centrally and is aerobic. Important pathogenic Bacillus species include B. anthracis and B. cereus. B. anthracis causes anthrax through its toxin and spores. Clostridium forms terminal or subterminal spores and is anaerobic. Important pathogenic Clostridium species are C. perfringens, C. tetani, and C. botulinum, which cause myonecrosis, tetanus, and botulism respectively through their tox
Introduction to Microbiology revised.ppt
This document provides an overview of the field of microbiology. It defines microbiology as the study of microbes, which are microscopic living organisms and certain non-living infectious particles. The document outlines several pioneers in microbiology, including van Leeuwenhoek, Cohn, Pasteur, and Koch. It also discusses Koch's postulates for identifying pathogenic microbes and summarizes various career paths in microbiology such as medical microbiology and clinical microbiology.
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The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
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(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...
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Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
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s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
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学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
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二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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•Physical
•Biological
•Mechanical
•Chemical
Storageonlypreservesquality.Itneverimprovesquality.
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Ch 6 web quest
- 1. Ch 6 Web Quest By: Bronte Russell
- 2. Shapes of Bacteria • Shape 1 of Bacteria is Coccus, which has a spherical shape.
- 3. Shapes of Bacteria • Shape 2 of Bacteria is Bacillus, which has a rod shape.
- 4. Shapes of Bacteria Shape 3 of Bacteria is Spiral, which has a twisted shape.
- 5. Helpful Bacteria • Lactobacillus, this bacteria is known for its ability to utilize lactose and produce lactic acid.
- 6. Helpful Bacteria • Bifidobacterium. this bacteria is also known for lactic acid production, it also produces acetic acid.
- 7. Helpful Bacteria • E.coli, this bacteria helps with the breakdown of undigested monosaccharide sugars and help digestion.
- 8. Helpful Bacteria • Rhizobia, this bacteria is used for fixing atmospheric nitrogen, such as ammonia.
- 9. Helpful Bacteria • Streptomyces, this bacteria helps by bringing about the decomposition of organic matter in soil.
- 10. Helpful Bacteria • Cyanobacteria, this bacteria brings about nitrogen fixation in aquatic habitats.
- 11. Disease Causing Bacteria • Mycobacteria, the most notorious species of this bacteria are the cause for tuberculosis and leprosy.
- 12. Symptoms of TB • Coughing that lasts three or more weeks • Coughing up blood • Chest pain, or pain with breathing or coughing • Unintentional weight loss • Fatigue • Fever • Night sweats • Chills • Loss of appetite
- 13. Symptoms of Leprosy - Skin lesions that may be faded/discolored • Growths on the skin • Thick, stiff or dry skin • Severe pain • Numbness on affected areas of the skin • Muscle weakness or paralysis (especially in the hands and feet) • Eye problems that may lead to blindness • Enlarged nerves (especially those around the elbow and knee) • A stuffy nose • Nosebleeds • Ulcers on the soles of feet
- 14. Disease Causing Bacteria • C. tetani, is the etiological agent of tetanus. It gets into the body through a wound and from there it releases toxins.
- 15. Symptoms of Tetanus • Spasms and stiffness in your jaw muscles • Stiffness of your neck muscles • Difficulty swallowing • Stiffness of your abdominal muscles • Painful body spasms lasting for several minutes, typically triggered by minor occurrences, such as a draft, loud noise, physical touch or light • Fever • Sweating • Elevated blood pressure • Rapid heart rate
- 16. Disease Causing Bacteria • Y. pestis, causes bubonic and pneumonic plague. A skin infection with Y. pestis leads to bubonic plague. An infection in the lungs with Y. pestis leads to the Pneumonic plague.
- 17. Symptoms of Pneumonic and Bubonic Plague • Symptoms of the Bubonic plague - • Malaise • Fever • Chills • Seizures • Symptoms of the Pneumonic plague - • Coughs • Difficulty breathing • Fever
- 18. Disease Causing Bacteria • H. pylori, this bacteria is the leading cause of gastritis and peptic ulcers. It produces cytotoxins and ammonia which damage the stomach epithelium leading to abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and bloating. H. pylori is present in half of the world's population, however, most of them are asymptomatic while only a few develop gastritis and ulcers.
- 19. Disease Causing Bacteria • B. anthracis, the inhalation of B. anthracis endospores is what causes the deadly disease anthrax. Anthrax mainly occurs in sheep, goats, cattle, etc. However, the transmission of bacteria from domestic cattle to humans, occurs in rare cases. The formation of sores, fever, headache, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea etc., are the most common symptoms.
- 20. Binary Fission • Bacteria reproduce using a process called Binary Fission. During Binary Fission the bacteria's chromosome basically replicates itself. The cell membrane then pinches the cytoplasm in half before the bacterium divides itself into two bacteria.
- 21. Halophiles • Halophiles are organisms that thrive in high-salt concentration. Halophiles are a type of extremophile organism. Most Halophiles are classified in the Archaea domain. However, there are also bacterial Halophiles and some Eukaryota. Halophiles can be found anywhere with a concentration of salt five times greater than the salt concentration of the ocean.
- 22. Thermophiles • A Thermophile is an organism that thrives in relatively high temperatures, between 106 and 252 degrees Fahrenheit. A Thermophile is a type of extremophile. A type of organism known as thermophilic eubacteria are thought to be one of the earliest bacteria. Most types of bacteria cannot survive very high temperatures, but Thermophiles can. Thermophiles contain an enzyme that can function at high temperatures.
- 23. Psychrophiles • Psychrophiles which are also known as cryophiles, are another form of extremophiles. They are capable of growth and reproduction in cold temperatures, ranging from -20 degrees Celsius to +10 degrees Celsius. Psychrophiles are truly extremophiles because they not only adjust to extremely low temperatures but also to further environmental endeavors.