Campylobacteriosis is an infection caused by Campylobacter bacteria, most commonly C. jejuni found in cattle and birds. It is a common foodborne illness that causes diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever within 1-5 days. Symptoms usually last 2-10 days. While usually self-limiting, it can occasionally cause complications in young children or immunocompromised individuals. The disease is typically transmitted by eating undercooked meat or drinking contaminated water. Diagnosis involves testing a stool sample. Treatment focuses on rehydration, and antibiotics may be used in severe cases. Prevention involves proper food handling and cooking, hand washing, and avoiding cross-contamination.

1. Campylobacteriosis
Causative agent: Campylobacter jejuni

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Campylobacter jejuni
Greek word “campylos”- curved, “bactron”- rod
CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS
Scientific classification
Domain Bacteria
Phylum Proteobacteria
Class Epsilonproteobacteria
Order Campylobacterales
Family Campylobacteraceae
Genus Campylobacter
Species C. jejuni

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Helical
Non spore-forming,
Gram-negative
Non-fermenting bacterium
Forms motile rods with a single
polar flagellum,
Oxidase-positive
Grows optimally at 37 to 42 °C
Characteristics- Campylobacter
jejuni
The oxidase test is used to identify
bacteria that produce cytochrome c
oxidase, an enzyme of the
bacterial electron transport chain
CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS

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• Campylobacteriosis is an infection by
the Campylobacter bacteria
• C. jejuni (most commonly)- in cattle, swine, birds
• also C. coli- in cattle, swine, birds
C. upsaliensis- in cats and dogs
C. lari- in seabirds
• It is among the most common bacterial
infections of humans, often a foodborne illness.
CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS
4CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS

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Meat, Meat Products
Milk, Milk Products
Water and
Beverages
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• First 24 hours:
Prodromal symptoms- fever, headache, and myalgia
(which can be severe)
• After 1–5 days:
diarrhea (~ 10 watery, frequently bloody, bowel
movements per day)
or dysentery, cramps, abdominal pain, and fever [as
high as 40 °C (104 °F)].
• In most people, the illness lasts for 2–10
days:
invasive/inflammatory diarrhea, also described
as bloody diarrhea or dysentery.
CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS
There are other diseases showing similar
symptoms.

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Primate, colon.
Mucosaledema,muco-hemorrhagicexudate,and
thickenedfoldsofthecolon.
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Pig, small intestine.
Hemorrhage in the lumen of the small intestine with
thickened mucosal folds.
CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS

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Avian, liver. Swollen liver
withroundededgesandmultifocalwhitelesionsdueto
Campylobacterosis.
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Pig, small intestine.
White to tan multifocal luminal exudate within the small
intestine.
CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS

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In Young children (<1 yr) and
immunocompromised people
Toxic megacolon,
Dehydration
Sepsis
Occasional deaths
Complications
The oxidase test is used to identify
bacteria that produce cytochrome c
oxidase, an enzyme of the
bacterial electron transport chain
CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS
Chronic form:
Asthenia
Eye damage
Arthritis
Endocarditis
1-2 in 100,000 cases develop Guillain–Barré syndrome

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Tissue injury in the gut
Jejunum, ileum, colon
CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS
Cause
Latent autoimmune effect on the nerves of
the legs Guillain–Barré syndrome
cholera-like enterotoxin- in the watery
diarrhea observed in infections.

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Common routes:
Fecal- oral
Person-to-person sexual
contact
Ingestion of contaminated
food
Waterborne
Transmission
CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS
Animals farmed for
meat
Contact with
contaminated poultry,
livestock, household
pets (puppies)
Common form of Traveller’s disease

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Diagnosis
Stool culture
Gram stain of a stool
sample
ELISA
PCR
Presence of fecal LEUKOCYTES
indicate the diarrhea to be
inflammatory in nature
CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS

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• Cooked and Hot food
• only pasteurized or boiled
milk and milk products
• ice from safe water.
• boil drinking water, or
disinfect it with chemical
disinfectant.
• Wash hands thoroughly and
frequently with soap, (after
using the toilet and contact
with pets and farm animals)
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• Wash and peel fruits and
vegetables thoroughly
• Food handlers, professionals
and at home- hygienic rules
• Professional food handlers
should immediately report to
their employer any fever,
diarrhea, vomiting or visible
infected skin lesions.
CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS

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self-limiting,
in most cases:
Symptomatic treatment of
liquid
electrolyte replacement is
enough in human infections.
Antibiotics:
Children- Erythromycin
Adults- Tetracycline
CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS
Animals:
Dogs- Erythromycin
Bulls- vaccines and
antibiotics
Sheep- Vaccination

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EPIDEMIOLOGY
CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS

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References
Webliography
CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS
• [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil
e:A_large_blank_world_map_with_ocea
ns_marked_in_blue.PNG].)
• http://www.sinobiological.com/what-is-
elisa-mechanism.html
• https://www.news-
medical.net/health/Campylobacteriosis-
Symptoms.aspx
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobac
teriosis
• http://parasites.ftz.czu.cz/food/parasite.p
hp?idParasite=52
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NiPTc
CK9vX0

17. Thank You
Bhaktimala Suresh
Group V, Geomedi University