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CERAMICS AND COMPOSITE MATERIALS
This document discusses different types of ceramics and their applications. It describes traditional ceramics like bricks, tiles and pottery as well as engineering ceramics used in tools, bearings, and electronics due to their high strength, hardness, and heat and corrosion resistance. Specific ceramics discussed include alumina, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, partially stabilized zirconia, and sialons. Their properties and uses in applications like engines, furnaces, and cutting tools are outlined. The document also summarizes particle-reinforced and fiber-reinforced composites, describing how particles or fibers improve metal matrix strength for aerospace and cutting tool applications.
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CERAMICS AND COMPOSITE MATERIALS
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- 2. Introduction • It’s aman made non metallic and inorganic solid
- 3. Traditional products • Bricks •Cook wares • Cements • Concretes • Tiles • potteries
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- 5. Other engineering applications Usedas • tool for grinding and Cutting • Bearings • And many in electrical and electronics fields.
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- 7. Characteristics of ceramics •Used in high temperature places • Its strong, hard and brittle • High melting point • Good thermal and electrical insulators • Resistant to oxidation and corrosion • Having high compressive strength but are weak intension
- 8. Engineering ceramics • Itsspecially for engineering applications • They are basically oxides, carbides, sulphides and nitrides of metal.
- 9. Characteristics of engineeringceramics • High resistance to abrasion and wear • High strength at high temperature • Good chemical stability • Good electrical insulation characteristics.
- 10. Important engineering ceramics •Alumina (Al2O3) • Silicon Carbide (SiC) • Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) • Partially stabilized Zirconia • Sialons
- 11. Alumina (aluminium oxide) •Its produced from bauxite • It’s a old engineering ceramic
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- 13. Properties of Alumina •Excellent hardness, wear resistance • They are more stiffer than steel • More stronger in compression than hardened steel • Very good environmental resistance (CORROSION) • Alumina mixed with ceramics to get high tensile and toughness properties.
- 14. Applications of alumina Usedin • Spark plug insulators • Electronic circuits • Rocket nozzles • Electrical and electronics devices • In nuclear power plant • bearings
- 15. Silicon carbide (sic) •It’s a semi conducting ceramic material • Types Alpha Sic Beta Sic
- 16. Properties of Sic •High tensile strength • High stiffness , hardness • Better dimensional stability • Good wear resistant • Good corrosion resistant.
- 17. Applications of Sic Used •As a abrasives for grinding wheel • As a coating material • As a refractory tubes • In nuclear reactor • In bearings • And in very high temperature places
- 18. Silicon nitrate (Si3n4) •It’s a use full ceramics in chemical industries
- 19. Properties of siliconnitrides • Resistant to strong acids • Resistance to thermal • Low density and low weight • Low thermal expansion • More stiffer
- 20. Applications of siliconnitrides Used in • Cutting tool materials • Turbine parts • Pump parts • High temperature engineering components
- 21. Partially stabilized zirconia(PSZ) • It’s a zirconium oxide • Blended and sintered with others like magnesium oxide, calcium oxide
- 22. Properties of PSZ •High tensile strength • Low thermal conductivity
- 23. Applications of PSZ Usedin • As a blade in jet engine • As a joint • In furnace portions • Internal combustion engine parts
- 24. Sialons • They areSi – Al – O – N • They are formed when Aluminium and oxygen partially substitute for silicon and nitrogen in silicon nitride
- 25. Properties of sialons •High tough and strength • Good mechanical properties • Light weight • Low co-efficient of thermal expansion
- 26. Applications of sialons Usedin • Cutting material • Nozzles • Welding shields • Radiant heater tubes • impellers
- 27. COMPOSITES TO GET AREQUIRE PROPERTIES IN METALS
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- 29. COMPOSITES • Two ormore materials added to get require qualities in a material. • The weakness of one metal rectified by the strength of second metal • Example Aerospace components • That should have low weight , stiffness, impact and corrosion resistance, good abrasive properties.
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- 31. Particle re-inforced (FIBER) composites •Its consist of particles of one material dispersed in a matrix of a second material • The fine dispersion particle posses good strength in composites. • The size, distribution and orientation of particles defines the strength of the composite. • Types 1. dispersion strengthened composites 2. Large particle composites
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- 33. 1.Dispersion strengthened composites •The particles are smaller and having diameter 0.01 – 0.1 microns and volume concentration 1 – 15 % of fiber • This method is similar to that for precipitation hardening. • Due to this , the composites have good yield and tensile strength. And the plastic deformation is restricted.
- 34. 2. Large particlecomposites • The particles diameter greater than 1 micrometer and volume concentration are greater than 25 % • Here the load on this composite is shared by both matrix and particles. • It posses good strength • Tungsten carbide or Titanium carbide embedded in a metal matrix of cobalt or nickel. • These composites used as a cutting tool
- 35. FIBRE REINFORCED COMPOSITES •Here the dispersed phase is in the form of fibers. • These fibre reinforced composites having improved strength, fatigue resistant, stiffness and strength-to- weight ratio
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- 40. Advantages • Good mechanicalproperties – high toughness, elastic modulus, good fatigue properties • Used in light weight needed places • We can fabricate to any shape and size • Good aero- space applications than conventional materials. • Good corrosion resistance • Not much sensitive to thermal shocks and temperature changes.
- 41. Limitations • High costthan many conventional materials • Polymeric materials cannot be used for high temperature applications.
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