This book offers fundamentals and a comprehensive overview of tribology in sever conditions. It addresses a comprehensive coverage of classical tribology of solid contacts, friction mechanics, wear mechanisms and lubrication technologies. Characteristics of tribological systems operating under extreme conditions involving extraordinary loads, temperatures, speeds, and vacuum are discussed. Surface coating, surface treatment, and lubrication are argued considering the cutting-edge researches. In addition, tribology of automotive components is presented, as are tribological applications in many practical situations. The tribology of polymer composites, MEMS and NEMS are explored. A basic understanding of failure in tribological systems is covered. Various test methods used in evaluating wear are reviewed. Diverse techniques applied in predicting wear behavior by mathematical models, FE modeling and ANN approach are discussed.
This book offers fundamentals and a comprehensive overview of tribology in sever conditions. It addresses a comprehensive coverage of classical tribology of solid contacts, friction mechanics, wear mechanisms and lubrication technologies. Characteristics of tribological systems operating under extreme conditions involving extraordinary loads, temperatures, speeds, and vacuum are discussed. Surface coating, surface treatment, and lubrication are argued considering the cutting-edge researches. In addition, tribology of automotive components is presented, as are tribological applications in many practical situations. The tribology of polymer composites, MEMS and NEMS are explored. A basic understanding of failure in tribological systems is covered. Various test methods used in evaluating wear are reviewed. Diverse techniques applied in predicting wear behavior by mathematical models, FE modeling and ANN approach are discussed.
Tribology assignment regarding the fundamentals of friction, containing: Introduction
Rules of Friction
Exceptions
Mechanism
Cases of Friction
Friction of common materials
& Conclusion
A brief knowledge about surface treatment, which is a process applied to the surface of a material to make it better in some way, for example by making it more resistant to corrosion or wear. Shot peening is a surface treatment in which small hard pellets are shot against the surface of a metal to make it more resistant to fatigue.
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
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Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
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Tribology assignment regarding the fundamentals of friction, containing: Introduction
Rules of Friction
Exceptions
Mechanism
Cases of Friction
Friction of common materials
& Conclusion
A brief knowledge about surface treatment, which is a process applied to the surface of a material to make it better in some way, for example by making it more resistant to corrosion or wear. Shot peening is a surface treatment in which small hard pellets are shot against the surface of a metal to make it more resistant to fatigue.
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
Concepts of Surface Metro logy, Introduction to Surface Texture, Terminology of Surface Texture, Analysis of Surface Traces, Peak to valley height of roughness ,The average roughness,Form factor & Bearing curve, Specification of Surface Texture Characteristics
Surface roughness metrology refers to the measurement and quantification of the minute variations, irregularities, and finer details present on the surface of an object. Surface roughness is a crucial aspect in various industries, such as manufacturing, engineering, and quality control, as it significantly affects the functionality, performance, and appearance of products.
Surface roughness metrology involves the use of specialized tools and techniques to measure and characterize the topography of a surface. Some common methods and instruments used for surface roughness measurement include:
Contact Profilometers: These instruments use a physical stylus or probe that moves along the surface to measure its profile. The stylus records the vertical deviations in the surface, which are used to calculate roughness parameters like Ra (average roughness), Rz (average maximum peak to valley height), Rq (root mean square roughness), etc.
Non-Contact Profilometers: Optical and laser-based systems, such as confocal microscopy, interferometry, and focus variation, measure surface roughness without physically touching the surface. These methods use light, lasers, or other non-contact mechanisms to capture surface details.
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM): AFM uses a tiny cantilever with a sharp tip to scan the surface at a nanoscale level, producing a 3D profile of the surface. It's highly accurate for measuring extremely small surface features and roughness.
White Light Interferometry: This method uses white light to measure the surface height variations by analyzing interference patterns produced by the reflected light.
Surface roughness measurements are typically expressed using various parameters, including:
Ra (Average Roughness): Arithmetic mean deviation of the roughness profile from the mean line.
Rz (Maximum Height of the Profile): The distance between the highest peak and the lowest valley within a sampling length.
Rq (Root Mean Square Roughness): The root mean square of the roughness profile deviations.
Understanding and quantifying surface roughness is crucial for several reasons:
Quality Control: Ensures that manufactured parts meet specified surface quality standards.
Functionality: Impacts how well parts interact, move, seal, or perform their intended functions.
Performance: Affects friction, wear, and corrosion resistance of components.
Appearance: Influences the visual and tactile perception of a product.
Accurate surface roughness metrology allows manufacturers to control and optimize their processes, resulting in better product performance, durability, and appearance.
Surface roughness metrology deals with basic terminology of surface,surface roughness indication methods,analysis of surface traces, measurement methods,surface roughness measuring instruments such as Stylus Probe Instrument, Profilometer, Tomlinson Surface Meter ,The Taylor-Hobson Talysurf etc.This is very useful for diploma,degree engineering students of mechanical,production,automobile branch
Here is a detailed PPT on the topic related to Basic terms of surface finish, Lay, Reasons for controlling surface roughness, factors affecting surface roughness.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdf
surface topography
1. SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY
Presented by
A. Sabiha Khathun
M.TECH (Machine Design)
16481D1501
Subject: Tribology
GUDLAVALLERU ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Sheshadri Rao Knowledge Village, Gudlavalleru,PIN:521356
2. Why surface finish is important in engineering
application?
Surface texture has marked influence on
Function
Lubrication
pressure holding capacity
resistant to wear and corrosion
noise reduction
bearing area
friction etc.
3. Surface topography
It comprises the small local deviations of a surface from the
perfectly flat ideal (a true plane).
Engineering surfaces never have an ideal geometrical shape,
but instead include different deviations.
With regards to the level of approximation they can be
considered:
• smooth and even,
• smooth and wavy,
• rough and even,
• rough and wavy
6. Continued…
Surface texture is one of the important factors that control friction and
transfer layer formation during sliding.
It is the nature of a surface as defined by the three characteristics of
1. Lay
2. Surface roughness and
3. waviness
7. Lay - The direction of the predominant surface pattern.
Surface roughness - Closely spaced irregularities.
Waviness - More widely spaced irregularities.
8. Importance of surface topography
For many engineering applications the surfaces are
manufactured in order to get some special functioning properties
as bearing, sealing and lubricant retaining capabilities. These
surfaces may be designed to have specific topographical features
that are beneficial for specific functioning applications.
9. Surface roughness measurement methods
and parameters
1. Profilometer
2. Optical interferometer
3. Atomic Force Microscope (AFM)
Parameters: arithmetic mean value (Ra) and root mean square
average (Rq)
15. • Traversing length (LT)-represents the distance that is
traversed across the surface by the stylus when characterizing
the surface,
i.e. measurement length.
• Assessment length(LM) is the length over which surface data
is acquired and assessed.
• Sampling length (LV reference length) -It is a length of a
section inside the assessment length and it is equivalent to
wavelength of the filter
16. Parameters of roughness:
1. Arithmetic mean value (Ra)
2. Root mean square average (Rq)
n
...cba
Ra
n
cba
Rq
...222
17. 1. Arithmetic Mean Value (Ra)
The most widely recognized and used parameter for surface
roughness characterization.
Ra is arithmetical mean deviation of all the measured values in
the assessed profile (LM) from the mean line of that profile.
18. 1.Arithmetic Mean Value (Ra)
Averaging of data:
⇒ Ra
does not differentiate
between profile peaks and valleys!!
⇒ Raor any other parameter by
itself: not sufficient.
⇒ Additional parameters necessary:
more sensitive & able to distinguish
between surfaces with different
shapes and/or ratios of peaks and
Valleys.
19. 2. Root mean square (Rq) : (RMS) deviation of the assessed
roughness profile
20. Surface Roughness in Practice
Surface roughness design requirements for typical engineering applications
can vary by as much as two orders of magnitude for different parts. The
reasons and considerations for this wide range include:
– Precision required on mating surfaces,
– Frictional considerations
– Fatigue and notch sensitivity,
– Electrical and thermal contact resistance, Corrosion resistance,.
– Subsequent processing,.
– Appearance
– Cost considerations,
21. CONCLUSION
These factors should be carefully considered before a decision
is made as to the recommendation about surface roughness for
a certain product. As in all manufacturing processes, the cost
involved in the selection should also be a major consideration.