Cellular Respiration High School Biology Level

1. Cellular Respiration
Unraveling the Mysteries of Energy Production

2. Goal of Cellular Respiration
● Make ATP!!

3. Introduction to Cellular
Respiration
● Cellular respiration is the process by which
cells break down glucose and other organic
molecules to release energy.
● It is a critical process that occurs in all living
organisms.
● Cellular respiration takes place in the
mitochondria, which are the powerhouses of
the cells.
● The process involves several steps, including
glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron
transport chain.
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4. Parts of a Mitochondria
● Outer membrane
● Inner membrane: contains carrier proteins
for creating gradient and making ATP
● Cristae: inner membrane folds increase
surface area
● Matrix: most internal cytosol holds enzymes
for link reaction & Krebs
● Intermembrane space: H+ electrochemical
gradient builds up within

5. Big Picture Concepts of Cellular Respiration
Glycolysis
-Break down 6
Carbon Glucose
into 2 3-Carbon
pyruvates
Pyruvate
Oxidation
Krebs/
Citric Acid
Cycle Oxidative
Phosphorylation
-Get the
Carbons into the
mitochondrial
matrix A)Recycle all the
Carbons
B) Make
electron/energy
carriers
-Make ATP by
creating an
electrochemical
gradient with H+

6. Big Picture Concepts of Cellular Respiration
Glycolysis
-Break down 6
Carbon Glucose
into 2 3-Carbon
pyruvates
Pyruvate
Oxidation
Krebs/
Citric Acid
Cycle Oxidative
Phosphorylation
-Get the
Carbons into the
mitochondrial
matrix A)Recycle all the
Carbons
B) Make
electron/energy
carriers
-Make ATP by
creating an
electrochemical
gradient with H+
In the
Cytoplasm
In the
Mitochondrial
membrane
In the
Mitochondrial
matrix In the Mitochondrial

7. 1) Glycolysis- Overview
● Glycolysis is the first step of cellular
respiration.
● It takes place in the cytoplasm and converts
glucose into pyruvate.
● During glycolysis, a small amount of ATP is
produced, along with NADH and pyruvate.
● This step does not require oxygen and is
therefore considered anaerobic.

8. 1) Glycolysis- In detail

9. 1) Glycolysis- In detail

10. 1) Glycolysis- what YOU need to know

11. The Krebs Cycle
● The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric
acid cycle, is the second step of cellular
respiration.
● It takes place in the mitochondria and
generates energy-rich molecules like NADH
and FADH2.
● The Krebs cycle also produces ATP directly.
● This step requires oxygen and is therefore
considered aerobic.
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12. Electron Transport Chain
● The electron transport
chain is the final step of
cellular respiration.
● It takes place in the inner
mitochondrial membrane
and produces the majority
of ATP.
● NADH and FADH2
produced in previous steps
donate electrons to the
chain.
● This creates a gradient that
drives ATP synthesis
through oxidative
phosphorylation.
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13. Energy Yield of Cellular
Respiration
● Cellular respiration produces a net of 36-38
ATP molecules for each glucose molecule.
● This energy is used by cells to fuel their
various activities.
● The exact yield may vary depending on
different factors, such as the efficiency of
the electron transport chain.
● The energy yield of cellular respiration is
much higher compared to anaerobic
processes like fermentation.
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14. Role of Oxygen
● Oxygen plays a crucial role in cellular
respiration.
● It serves as the final electron acceptor in the
electron transport chain.
● Without oxygen, the electron transport chain
cannot operate efficiently.
● The absence of oxygen leads to the
accumulation of NADH and FADH2, causing a
cellular energy crisis.
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15. Relationship with
Photosynthesis
● Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are
interconnected processes in nature.
● Photosynthesis produces oxygen and
glucose, which serve as inputs for cellular
respiration.
● The waste products of cellular respiration,
carbon dioxide and water, are used by plants
in photosynthesis.
● These processes maintain a delicate balance
of gases and energy in the biosphere.
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16. Cellular Respiration in Health
and Disease
● Cellular respiration is essential for the
survival and function of cells.
● Disruptions in cellular respiration can lead to
various health conditions and diseases.
● Certain genetic disorders affect the energy
production process in mitochondria.
● Understanding cellular respiration can
provide insights into the diagnosis and
treatment of these disorders.
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