The document summarizes cell theory, including the major principles that all organisms are made of cells, all cells come from preexisting cells, and the cell is the basic unit of life. It describes the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, with prokaryotes lacking membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus, while eukaryotes have these structures. The document outlines some of the key organelles in eukaryotic cells, including the nucleus, cytoplasm, and membranes, and notes that organelles are surrounded by membranes and perform distinct processes.

1. Cell Theory
Standard Essential Questions
SB1: cell structure and How is the
function organization/function of
a. Explain the role of cell organelles in a cell similar
organelles for both to the
prokaryotic and organization/function of
eukaryotic cells; including departments in an
the cell membrane, in industry?
maintaining homeostasis
and cell reproduction

2. Cell Theory
The major principles of cell theory are:
• All organisms are made of cells
• All existing cells are produced by other living
cells
• The cell is the most basic unit of life

3. Cell Theory
Cells can be separated into two broad categories
based on their internal structures:
o Prokaryotic: does not have a nucleus or other
membrane-bound organelles. DNA is in cytoplasm
o Eukaryotic: have a nucleus and other membrane-
bound organelles. Have a nucleus

4. Cell Theory
• Cells have membranes that are filled with
cytoplasm.
• Cytoplasm is a jellylike substance that
contains dissolved molecular building
blocks, such as proteins, nucleic
acids, minerals, and ions.

5. Cell Theory
• In eukaryotic cells there are organelles, which
are structures specialized to perform distinct
processes
• Organelles are surrounded by membranes
• An example of an organelle is a nucleus

6. Eukaryotic Cell

7. Prokaryotic Cell

8. Essential Question Review
• How do prokayrotic and eukaryotic cells
differ?

9. Cell Organelles
• Like our bodies, eukaryotic cells are highly
organized structures.

10. Cell Organelles
• Each eukaryotic cell has a cytoskeleton
• Cytoskeletons are a network of proteins that
form long threads, or fibers that crisscross the
entire cell
• There are 3 main types of fibers that make up
the cytoskeleton

11. Cell Organelles
Cytoskeleton fibers
– Microtubules: give the cell its shape
– Is the track for organelle movement
• Intermediate filaments
– Give the cell its strength
• Microfilaments
– Tiny threads that enable cells to move and divide