cell, cell structure and function, Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic cell , Plant and animal cell

1. GPB-121
“Fundamentals of Genetics”
Department of Agriculture Botany
cell, cell structure and function, Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic cell , Plant and animal
cell

2.  Definition– Structural and functional unit of living organism. (Basic Unit of life).
 Discover by – Robert Hooke
 Cell Theory – M.J. Schleiden and J.S. Schewann
 It is typically microscopic and consists of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a
membrane.
 Karyokinesis – Division of Nucleus.
 Cytokinesis – Division of Cytoplasm.
Cell

4.  CellFusion – Fusion of two cell.
1. Chromatin – Inside the nucleoplasm.
Made up of - DNA + Protein + RNA.
2. Histones - 80 % total chlorophyll Protein.
3. Protoplast – 1. Dis- J.E. Purkinje and Mohi.
2. Def.- Cell without cell wall.
4. Mitochondria - name given by C. Benda and Discover by Hemming.
Function – Respiration (ATP required at Aerobic Respiration).
5. Ribosome – Disc. By Hageman (RNA + Protein = Ribosome).
Function – Synthesis of Protein.
No lipid Content.
6. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) – Porter (1948).
7. Golgi Complex – C. Golgi

7. Character Prokaryotic Eukaryotic
Size (um) 0.1 -5 0.5-100
Cell and cell wall Thick and Unicellular Thin and multicellular
e.g. MLO, BGA, Bacteria,
Algae.
Plant, Man, fungi.
Ribosome 70 S 70 S and 80 S
Mitochondria Absent Present
Nucleus Absent Present
Nucleus Membrane Absent Present