Uploaded byMr. Mata Deen
Cataract
Cataract is a medical condition characterized by the opacification of the eye's lens, leading to blurred vision. Risk factors include aging, diabetes, excessive sun exposure, smoking, and several others, with types including nuclear, cortical, and congenital cataracts. Management options vary from extraction methods to advanced techniques like phacoemulsification, based on diagnostic evaluations.
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Cataract
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- 2. DEFINITION • A medicalcondition in which the lens of the eye becomes progressively opaque, resulting in blurred vision.
- 3. RISK FACTORS • Increasingage • Diabetes • Excessive exposure to sunlight • Smoking • Obesity • High blood pressure • Previous eye injury or inflammation • Previous eye surgery • Prolonged use of corticosteroid medications • Drinking excessive amounts of alcohol
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- 5. TYPES OF CATARACT •Nuclear • Cortical • Posterior subcapsular • Congenital
- 7. CLINICAL FEATURES Signs andsymptoms of cataracts include: • Clouded, blurred or dim vision • Increasing difficulty with vision at night • Sensitivity to light and glare • Need for brighter light for reading and other activities • Seeing "halos" around lights • Frequent changes in eyeglass or contact lens prescription • Fading or yellowing of colors • Double vision in a single eye
- 9. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION • History •Retinal examination • Slit lamp test • Visual acuity test
- 10. MANAGEMENT • Intracapsular Extraction(removal of the whole lens) • Extracapsular Extraction (leaving the lens capsule behind to support the remaining lens tissue) • Cryosurgery ( Pensile like instrument with a metal tip is supercooled(-35C)) • Phacoemulsification (the mechanical breaking up of the lens by the hollow needle vibrating at ultrasonic speed)
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