Qualitative research - Research Methodology - Manu Melwin Joymanumelwin
Qualitative research is a method of inquiry employed in many different academic disciplines, including in the social sciences and natural sciences, but also in market research, in business, and other contexts including service demonstrations by non-profits.
SURVEY RESEARCH- Advance Research MethodologyRehan Ehsan
This Presentation states the details of Survey Research for students to get help in advance research methodology. Rearchers may also get help from this work.
Qualitative research - Research Methodology - Manu Melwin Joymanumelwin
Qualitative research is a method of inquiry employed in many different academic disciplines, including in the social sciences and natural sciences, but also in market research, in business, and other contexts including service demonstrations by non-profits.
SURVEY RESEARCH- Advance Research MethodologyRehan Ehsan
This Presentation states the details of Survey Research for students to get help in advance research methodology. Rearchers may also get help from this work.
Introduction to Quantitative Research.pptxCendz Flores
Are you preparing a lesson on research for your students? This PowerPoint presentation is a valuable tool! It offers a user-friendly explanation of what quantitative research means and how it's used across various fields like science, economics, and more. The content is clear and straightforward, featuring relatable examples that make teaching a breeze. . Whether you're a seasoned educator or new to teaching research, this presentation is an excellent resource to introduce your students to the basics of quantitative research.
LASA 1 Final Project Early Methods Section3LASA 1.docxDIPESH30
LASA 1 Final Project Early Methods Section3
LASA 1: FINAL PROJECT EARLY METHODS SECTION
THE ROLE OF INTROVERSION AND EXTRAVERSION
PERSONALITY TRAITS ON MARITAL BLISS
STUDENT
_______ UNIVERSITY
PSY302-A01 Research Methods
Professor
April 15, 2015
Author Note:
This research was carried out as a partial fulfillment towards research methods course by.
Correspondence concerning this paper should be addressed to
1. What is your research question?
What is the significance of extroversion and introversion in marriage?
1. What is your hypothesis or hypotheses? What is the null hypothesis?
Null Hypothesis: Extroversion brings along successful family institution and marital bliss.
Alternate hypothesis: Extroversion does not bring along successful family institution and marital bliss.
1. How many participants would you like to use and why? What are the inclusion characteristics, i.e., what must they have in order to be included in your study (for example, gender, diagnosis, age, personality traits, etc.)? Are there any exclusion characteristics, i.e. are there certain characteristics that would exclude them from being in your study? Does the sample need to be diverse? Why or why not?
20 participants will be engaged in the research study. This is a small number that is easier to manage as well as coordinate their activities during the data collection exercise. Ideally, participants are required and are normally sampled from a large population to be a representative. The nature of the study will require the researcher to get participants who have experiences in marriage. On gender, I will sample equal number of men and women to act as the representative of the general population. The approach is guided by the population in the community where the number of women and men is at par. On age, I will pick individuals from across ages although the highest percentage will constitute of married individuals between the age of 30 and 40 years. Further, I will also pick four individuals who have divorced with the aim of understanding whether introversion or extroversion contributed to their divorce. I will also look at the personal traits of individuals; hence will both social and anti-social individuals. The target participants will precise, representative and homogeneous. They will then be divided into different sets or strata that are mutually exclusive in order to aid it obtaining a systematic process of research.
1. What sampling technique will be used to collect your sample? What population does yoursample generalize to?
Being a qualitative research, the research will utilize the sampling method in the collection of data. Surveying and questionnaire are the main data collection methods that are normally used in quantitative research. The methods aids in understanding the behavior and effects from different members of the focus groups. The approach helps to reduce biases that may emerge when using a bigger population size while at the same time gu ...
STUDENT’S NAME SLIDE
Introduction
Elicitation refers to a technique used unnoticeably to collect information.
Experimentation and observation techniques are used in data/ information collection.
Observation technique is, watching what people do.
An experimental research involves a situation where the researcher manipulates one variable, and control the rest of the variables.
Experimentation techniques are used to investigate or analyze an occurrence, and come up with conclusion. It has a control group and the subjects have been randomly assigned between the groups, and the researcher only tests one effect at a time.
2
Rationale of the techniques
Helps one to find out what they don’t know concerning a given category of people.
Information is the basic requirement to have high quality decision-making
Information is a good tool when planning on data analysis
There are different methods of research methods for obtaining information such as; survey, focus group, demographic information, interviews, similar business, chambers of commerce, trend information, psychographic information, associations and adverts. These techniques are important in that they provide the required information for research, (Parker, 2004).
3
Different observation techniques
Complete observer
Observer as participant
Participant as observer
Complete participant
Complete observer: This is a detached observer where the researcher is neither seen nor noticed by participants.
Observer as participant: Here the researcher is known and recognized by the participants and in many cases, the participants know the research goals of the observer.
Participant as observer: Here the researcher is fully engaged with the participants. She is more of a friend or colleague than a neutral third party.
Complete participant: This is a fully embedded researcher, almost like a spy. Here the observer fully engages with the participants and partakes in their activities.
4
Different experimentation techniques
Experiments are of two types:
Those conducted in a laboratory setting
And those which are executed in natural settings; these are referred to as field experiments.
There are a number of potential impediments to obtaining valid results from experiments.
There are a number of potential impediments to obtaining valid results from experiments. These may be categorized according to whether a given confounding factor has internal validity, external validity, or both.
Internal validity is called into question when there is doubt that the experimental treatment is actually responsible for changes in the value of the dependent variable. External validity becomes an issue when there is uncertainty as to whether experimental findings can be generalized to a defined population.
5
Different experimentation techniques
Personal interviews-personal interviews include unstructured, open-ended questions.
Observation-Individual responses to surveys and focus groups are sometimes at od.
Project Monitorig and Evaluation_Data Collection Methods is a Presentation by William Afani Paul for a Project MEAL Masterclass by Excellence Foundation for South Sudan
This session is designed to equip participants with essential knowledge and skills in monitoring and evaluating projects effectively.
During this masterclass, participants will delve into the fundamental concepts, tools, and techniques of project monitoring and evaluation. Through interactive discussions, case studies, and practical exercises, attendees will gain a comprehensive understanding of MEAL principles and their application in diverse project contexts.
Key Objectives
Understand the importance of project monitoring and evaluation in ensuring project success.
Learn how to develop and implement effective monitoring and evaluation frameworks.
Explore various data collection methods and analysis techniques for monitoring and evaluation purposes.
Gain insights into utilizing monitoring and evaluation findings to inform decision-making and improve project outcomes.
Learning Outcomes: By the end of the masterclass, participants will able to:
Define key concepts related to project monitoring and evaluation.
Develop a monitoring and evaluation plan tailored to specific project requirements.
Apply appropriate data collection methods and tools for monitoring and evaluation activities.
Utilize monitoring and evaluation findings to enhance project performance and impact.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2. Case study research as a strategy for
methodological exploration, according to FLYVBJERG
(2011) "has been around as long as recorded history".
Contemporary case study research is said to have its
origins in qualitative approaches to research in the
disciplines of anthropology, history, psychology, and
sociology (MERRIAM, 1998; SIMONS, 2009; STEWART,
2014).
What is case study?
4. Survey reveals what is typical, average, or normal
against which the behavior or performance of an
individual can be judged or evaluated.
The results of the survey may be used for prediction.
This is especially true in correlation studies or even
status studies.
Survey makes possible the formulation of
generalizations because the sample has a high
degree of representativeness.
Contents of This Template
5. Survey reveals problems for which timely remedial
measures may be instituted.
It is easy to get respondents for a survey.
The instruments for gathering data are easy to
determine, construct, validate, and administer. The
survey instruments are usually the interview schedule
as well as the questionnaire and they are very similar
if not the same in structure.
6. Advantages of the survey
approach
Of research over the case
study approach
7. Lack of manipulation over independent variables.
One cannot progressively investigate one aspect
after another of the independent variable to get
closer to the real cause.
Statistical devices are not always able to separate
the effects of several independent variables when
there is multivariable causation, especially when
two independent variables are themselves highly
associated.
8. Survey approach yields a low degree of control or
there is no control at all over extraneous variables.
The instrument for gathering data may lack validity,
reliability, or adequacy.
9. TYPES OF SURVEY TECHNIQUE OR APPROACH
Total population survey. The entire population is
involved in the survey.
Sample survey. Only a sample or portion of the
population is involved in the survey.
Social survey. The investigator researches on
the attitudes and behaviors of different groups of
people.
10. School survey. This is used to gather data for and
about schools and to assess educational achievement
and education itself.
Public opinion survey. This is used to gauge the
reactions of people towards certain issues or persons.
Poll survey. This is a survey in which the respondents
are asked if they are voting for a certain candidate in an
election. This survey is used to predict the chance of
winning of a certain candidate in an election.
11. Market survey. This is aimed at finding out what kinds of
people purchase which products, and how packaging,
advertising affect buying, prices, and so on. Allied to this
is the motivation survey in which the subjects are asked
why they purchase certain commodities.
Evaluation survey. The researcher looks back to see
what has been accomplished and, with a critical eye,
evaluates the results whether they are satisfactory or not,
with the end in view of making improvements.
12. Comparative survey. In this survey, the results from
two different groups, techniques, or procedures are
compared.
Short-term survey. In this survey, data are collected
over a period of weeks, months, or even years but the
period should be less than five years.
Long-term survey. Any survey conducted for more
than five years is a long-term survey.
13. Longitudinal survey. This is almost the same as the
long-term survey.
Cross-sectional survey. In this type of survey, several
groups in various stages of involvement are studied
simultaneously.
Job analysis survey. This provides information on the
general duties and responsibilities of workers, their
education, training, experiences, salaries, types of
knowledge and skills, and others that help administrators
or managers in setting up training programs and
recruitment policies.
14. Community survey. This survey provides information
on the general various aspects of the community:
health, employment, housing, education, economic
resources, delinquency, family, population, other social
problems, and so on.
Correlation study. This is a study that shows the
relationship between two or more variables, that is,
how a variable varies with another.