Presented by Andrew Pape-Salmon and Robert Pennings at the 2016 Pathways to Net-Zero Buildings, hosted by Pembina Institute.

1. 1
Carbon Neutral Apartment Retrofits
THOUGHT LEADER’S FORUM
NOVEMBER 28, 2016
ANDREW PAPE-SALMON, P.ENG., MRM, FCAE
ROBERT PENNINGS

2. 2
à Value of energy and sustainability retrofits
à Energy use in Pendrellis
à Deep Energy Retrofit Approach
à Energy and Emission Reduction Measures
à Costs and Benefits
à EnergieSprong
Overview

3. 3
The “Pitch”
à Energy and Sustainability
Retrofits Improve:
à Affordability
à Comfort
à Healthfulness
à Lower carbon emissions
à Durability
à Resilience to extreme
weather events
à Market value

4. 4
Electric Baseline,
63 kWh/m²/yr,
15%
Electric Heating,
12 kWh/m²/yr,
3%
Gas Baseline,
175 kWh/m²/yr,
41%
Gas Heating,
178 kWh/m²/yr,
41%
Energy Use in the Pendrellis
428 kWh/m2

5. 5
Energy Benchmarking Example (Seattle)
155 kWh/m2
133 kWh/m2
202 kWh/m2

6. 6
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
8
11
44
9
52
42
61
63
18
7
62
12
26
19
33
32
20
45
29
17
43
60
31
28
6
14
3
39
2
57
30
41
24
1
40
59
21
36
58
AnnualEnergyUseIntensity,
kWh/m2
Building ID
Gas Electricity - Common Electricity - Suite
BC Housing MURB Studies – High-Rise
Average EUI: 215 kWh/m2 per year
Energy Consumption and Conservation in Mid- and High-Rise Residential Buildings
http://www.hpo.bc.ca/sites/www.hpo.bc.ca/files/download/Report/MURB-EnergyStudy-Report.pdf
Provincial Step 2 Target for New Construction: 130 kWh/m2
Pendrellis EUI: 428 kWh/m2 per year

7. 7
Deep Energy Retrofit Approach
à Focus on building enclosure first; in context of whole-building
energy performance
à Piggyback on scheduled building renewals for windows,
cladding, roof, balconies
à Optimize the economics, based on forecast costs and
benefits, including “externalities” such as future carbon price
à Apply building science principals to maximize benefits and
minimize risks of unintended consequences
à Use renewable natural gas, on-site renewables and/or grid
electricity for zero-carbon energy supply

8. 8
Energy Impacting Systems

9. 9
Energy Impacting Systems

10. 10
Air Flow Solutions
i

11. 11
Energy Impacting Systems

12. 12
Energy Savings and GHG Emission Reductions
11 kg CO2/yr
Saved
16 kg CO2/yr
Saved
24 kg CO2/yr
Saved
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
Good bundle Better bundle Best bundle
% Heating Savings
kWh Energy Saved
kWh Savings % Heating Savings
Enclosure and ventilation changes only, no DHW or electrical.

13. 13
Cost-Benefit Analysis
$255,620
$220,429
$326,075
-$700,000
-$600,000
-$500,000
-$400,000
-$300,000
-$200,000
-$100,000
$0
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
NetPresentValue
Years
Good Case Better Case Best Case

14. 14
à Dutch approach to carbon neutral apartment retrofits
Energysprong

15. 15
Housing background
à 40% or 2,4 million social housing households (household income cap at < 50,000 CAD)
à Professional non-subsidized not-for-profit Owner-Operators, started in 1901
à Frugal Dutch mindset:
Long term (50+ year) maintenance planning, with focus on Total cost of ownership (TCO)
40%
single
family
60%
MURB
Annual maintenance
1,900,- CAD
1,200,-
planned
450,-
repairs
250,-
mutation
rent social sector 650 CAD
rent private sector 1,200 CAD
mortgage 1,100 CAD

16. 16
Energysprong necessity
à Federal Government regulations:
All new construction has to be energy neutral by 2021
Entire housing stock energy neutral by 2050
à Scattered retrofitting demand
à Slow and cumbersome procurement processes (thick detailed RFP’s complicated contracts)
Energysprong approach:
à Federal government finances project support to owner-operator
(mainly during the procurement and selection phase)
à Agglomeration of projects, bigger carrot, and possibility for
industrialization of retrofitting process and products (prefab, modular)
à Residents continue to pay same rent, but get new bathroom and kitchen
(energy savings are used to pay for retrofit)
à Smart & Speedy procurements, open, transparant, popular, lots of PR
à Highly efficient project management (JIT, BIM etc.)

17. 17
Energysprong examples
Carbon Neutral, 2 story, 1000 sqft per unit ($550/m2)

18. 18
Net-Zero mid rise MURB
à 2-Page RFP, 30 proposals, 3 finalist, 1 winner
à Net-zero + new bathroom & kitchen
à 90,000 dollars per unit
à Potential:14,000 identical units
à 1960’s 2016
à October 2016