It is described about polymer/clay nanocomposites which can be abbreviated to PCNC, their preparation methods, properties and relevances, important types of polymers employed in the preparation of PCNC, montmorillonite crystal structures,
In this presentation, you can find the general description of the Polymer Nano-Composites. About the Properties, they incorporate the Composite material.
The processing techniques of Polymer Nano-Composites as well.
It is described about polymer/clay nanocomposites which can be abbreviated to PCNC, their preparation methods, properties and relevances, important types of polymers employed in the preparation of PCNC, montmorillonite crystal structures,
In this presentation, you can find the general description of the Polymer Nano-Composites. About the Properties, they incorporate the Composite material.
The processing techniques of Polymer Nano-Composites as well.
Nano Material
Introduction and Synthesis
Nanomaterials describe, in principle, materials of which a single unit is sized (in at least one dimension) between 1 and 1000 nanometres (10−9 meter) but is usually 1—100 nm (the usual definition of nanoscale[1]).
Nanomaterials research takes a materials science-based approach to nanotechnology, leveraging advances in materials metrology and synthesis which have been developed in support of microfabrication research. Materials with structure at the nanoscale often have unique optical, electronic, or mechanical properties.
Nanomaterials are slowly becoming commercialized[2] and beginning to emerge as commodities.[3]
know more about nanomaterials and its apllication in future as well as current situation, and what wil we reserch on basis of nanomaterials and carbon structure and its aplication in such futuriastic manner.
Synthesis, Characterization and Applications of Carbon Nanotubes A Reviewijtsrd
Researchers have been paying close attention to carbon nanotubes lately because of all of their prospective uses, special qualities, and applications. Today, carbon nanotubes have a wide range of uses in the fields of biology, chemistry, medicine, materials science, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, and electronics. Its applicability for radio wave applications is being revealed by its electromagnetic characteristics. Meanwhile, the kind of carbon nanotube employed in its manufacturing and the synthesis process used all affect the products quality, characteristics, and efficacy. As a result, this review paper discusses several carbon nanotube kinds, synthesizing processes, characterization techniques, and applications. Adewumi H. K "Synthesis, Characterization and Applications of Carbon Nanotubes: A Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-5 , October 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd59661.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/physics/nanotechnology/59661/synthesis-characterization-and-applications-of-carbon-nanotubes-a-review/adewumi-h-k
Nano Material
Introduction and Synthesis
Nanomaterials describe, in principle, materials of which a single unit is sized (in at least one dimension) between 1 and 1000 nanometres (10−9 meter) but is usually 1—100 nm (the usual definition of nanoscale[1]).
Nanomaterials research takes a materials science-based approach to nanotechnology, leveraging advances in materials metrology and synthesis which have been developed in support of microfabrication research. Materials with structure at the nanoscale often have unique optical, electronic, or mechanical properties.
Nanomaterials are slowly becoming commercialized[2] and beginning to emerge as commodities.[3]
know more about nanomaterials and its apllication in future as well as current situation, and what wil we reserch on basis of nanomaterials and carbon structure and its aplication in such futuriastic manner.
Synthesis, Characterization and Applications of Carbon Nanotubes A Reviewijtsrd
Researchers have been paying close attention to carbon nanotubes lately because of all of their prospective uses, special qualities, and applications. Today, carbon nanotubes have a wide range of uses in the fields of biology, chemistry, medicine, materials science, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, and electronics. Its applicability for radio wave applications is being revealed by its electromagnetic characteristics. Meanwhile, the kind of carbon nanotube employed in its manufacturing and the synthesis process used all affect the products quality, characteristics, and efficacy. As a result, this review paper discusses several carbon nanotube kinds, synthesizing processes, characterization techniques, and applications. Adewumi H. K "Synthesis, Characterization and Applications of Carbon Nanotubes: A Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-5 , October 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd59661.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/physics/nanotechnology/59661/synthesis-characterization-and-applications-of-carbon-nanotubes-a-review/adewumi-h-k
"A presentation on Carbon Nano-tubes"
List of Contents:
Introduction
Types and Classification of CNTs
Methods of Synthesis
Properties
Defects
Applications
Health Hazards
Pros and Cons
Scope
Conclusion
Created by:
Er. Ankit Chandan
ankit29chandan@gmail.com
https://www.facebook.com/ankit29chandan
Research in Mechatronics and Cyber - MixMecatronics is
created, developed and matured through concepts, principles
and prototype and advanced intelligence systems,
implemented in intelligent industrial manufacturing in
Romania.
Carbon containing Nanomaterials: Fullerenes & Carbon nanotubesMayur D. Chauhan
The following presentation is only for quick reference. I would advise you to read the theoretical aspects of the respective topic and then use this presentation for your last minute revision. I hope it helps you..!!
Mayur D. Chauhan
Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (Semi-Conducting Nanoclusters, Leaching Studies, Silicone Oxide Nanostructures, Carbon Nanofibers, Molecular Carbon-Onions, Gold-Silica Nanocomposites, Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles, Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistor, Cylindrical Nanodot Arrays, Porous Anodic Alumina, Nanocrystalline Silicon Films)
Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale. In its original sense, nanotechnology refers to the projected ability to construct items from the bottom up, using techniques and tools being developed today to make complete, high performance products. In this rising world of rapid technological developments, the role of state of art materials & composites is pivotal in frontier applications like aerospace, aviation, automobile, defense, electronics, chemical, biomedical, energy & nuclear sectors etc. with the advent of 21st century & initiation of Nanotechnology the atomic & molecular structures of materials is redefined. This shall result in new smart materials namely nanoparticles, powder, wires, rods, carbon nano tubes & so on.
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Nanoscience, Sulphuric Acid on Grapheme, Metastabilities in Nanocrystalline, Interaction of Sulphuric Acid with Graphene, Sulphuric Acid in Gas and Solid Phases, Sulphuric Acid on Graphene, Nanowire Morphology, Periodicity and Diameter, Chemical Analysis of Copt/Pt Nanowires, Thermopower Measurements on Nickel Nanowires, Structural Characterization of Nws, Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Emitters Experiment, Fabrication of Cnt Cathode, Cathode Support Structure Geometry, Vibration of Carbon Nanotube, Axisymmetric Radial Breathing Vibration, Nanoporous Tio2 Electrode, Preparation of Ilse Films, Electrode and Dssc Fabrication Containing Ilse, Numerical Simulations, High Temperature Stm in Situ Observation of Thermal Decomposition Process, Morphology Effects on Decomposition Process, Cylindrical Nanodot Arrays, Vortex-Core Magnetization, Porous Anodic Alumina, Film Morphology, Film Composition, Metal Nanoclusters in Glass, Ion-Beam Mixed Ag in Silica, Light Emission from Nanocomposites, Nanocrystalline Silicon Films, Electron Microscopy, Nanoscale Deep Indentation, Creation of Carbon Onions and Coils, Luminescence of Crystals Nanorods, Nanonecklace Morphology, Chemical Doping with Carbon Nanotubes, Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) Nanoparticles, Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles, Au Nanoparticles on Light-Emitting Polymers, Au Nanoparticle Chains, Gold-Silica Nanocomposites, Molecular Carbon-Onions, Silicone Nanowires,
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
3. WHAT IS ACARBON NANOTUBE?
• A carbon nanotube is a tube-shaped material made of Carbon,
having a diameter measuring on the nanometre scale
• Carbon nanotubes are formed from essentially the graphite sheet
and the graphite layer appears somewhat like a rolled-up continuous
unbroken hexagonal mesh and carbon molecules at the apex of the
hexagons
• Nanotubes are the members of the fullerene structure family
• Their name is derived from their long, hollow structure with the walls
from the one atom thick sheets of carbon called graphene.
20-Oct-18 3
4. Types of carbon Nanotube
• Classified mainly in two types [29]
• 1. single walled Nanotubes
• 2. MultiWalled Nanotubes
OTHER RELATED STRUCTURES:
• GRAPHENEATEDCARBON NANOTUBES(G-CNTS)
• NITROGEN DOPEDCARBON NANOTUBES(N-CNTS)
• PEAPOD
• CUP-STACKEDCARBON NANOTUBES
20-Oct-18 4
5. SINGLE WALLED NANOTUBE
• Diameter:-1nm
• Band gap:-0-2ev
• A one atom thick layer of graphene
into seamless cylinder
• Their electrical conductivity can show
Metallic or Semiconducting behaviour.
20-Oct-18 5
6. MULTI WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES
• Multi walled nanotubes(MWNT)
Consists of multiple rolled layers
(concretic tube) of Graphene.
• Interlayer distance:-3.4Ä
• To describe structure of MWNT there are
Two models:-
1. Russian doll model
2. Parchment model
20-Oct-18 6
7. GRAPHENATED CARBON NANOTUBE:-
• They are new hybrids that combines graphitic foliates
grown along the sidewalls of MWNT.
NITROGEN DOPED CARBON NANOTUBE
• These are used for enhancing storage capacityof Li-ion
batteries.
• N-doping provides defects in the walls of CNTs allowing for Li-
ions to diffuse into inter-wall space.
20-Oct-18 7
8. PEAPOD:-
• A carbon peapod is a novel hybrid carbon
Material which traps fullerene inside
a carbon nanotube.
CUPSTACKEDCARBON NANOTUBE:-
• CSCNTs exhibit semiconducting behaviours
due to the stacking microstructure
of graphene layers.
20-Oct-18 8
9. DISCOVERY
• 1952
Radushkevich and Lukyanovich publish a paper in the soviet journal of
physical chemistry showing hollow graphitie carbon fibres that are 50
nanometers in diameter.
• 1979
John abrahamson presented evidence of carbon nanotubes at the14th
Biennial conference of carbon at PENNYSYLVANIA state university.
• 1981
A group of soviet scientists published the results of chemical and
structural characterisation of carbon nanoparticles produced by a
thermocatalytical dispropornation of a carbon monoxide.
• 1991[1]
Nanotubes discovered in the soot of arc discharge at NEC, by Japanese
researcher SUMIO LIJIMA.20-Oct-18 9
14. PROPERTIES
1.ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY-
Because of the symmetry and unique electronic structure of
graphene,nanotube has a very high current capacity.
2.STRENGTH AND ELASTICITY-
Carbon nanotubes are the strongest,flexible and stiffest materials
yet discovered in terms of tensile strength and elastic modulus
respectively.
20-Oct-18 14
15. 3.THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY & EXPANSION
All nanotubes are expected to be very good thermal conductors along
the tube but good insulators laterally to the tube axis.It can exhibit
superconductivity below 20k.
4. FIELD EMISSION-
Under the application of strong electricfield,tunneling of electrons from
metal tip to vacuum results in field emission phenomenon.It is through
electronfield emission and visible light spectrum.
5. ASPECT RATIO-
It has a higher aspect ratio,inferring that a lower cnt load is required
compared to other conductive addivites to achieve similiar electrical
conductivity.
6. EMWAVE ABSORPTION-
There has been some research on filling MWNTS with metals, such as
Fe,Ni,Co,,etc to increase the absorption effectiveness of MWNTs in
the microwave regime.
20-Oct-18 15
16. APPLICATIONS
1. Biological & biomedical research-
• Soft X-Ray,
• Bone Mineral content,
• Tissue evaluation.
2. MECHANICAL-
• Actuators
• Loudspeakers
• Flywheel
3. ELECTRICAL-
• Super Capacitors
• Paper Batteries20-Oct-18
16
19. • Polymers have good flexibility, low density, low
melting pt. and easily fabricable.
• CNT as a filler material for polymer based
nanocomposite..[20]
• Various polymer-based matrices are:-
conventional polymers such as thermoplastics, thermosets
or elastomers as well as conjugated polymers). [13]
20-Oct-18 19
20. NANOCOMPOSITE FABRICATION
TECHNIQUES
• Our motive is to deagglomerate the CNTs and
realize their uniform dispersion inside the matrix.
• Various techniques are-
1. Solution processing
20-Oct-18 20
Used for:-thermosetting matrices based composites
Film casting and solvent evaporation leaving behind nanocomposite film/sheet
Mixing with polymer solution
Dispersion of nanotubes in a suitable solvent
22. 2. MELT PROCESSINGTECHNIQUE-
Cooling in semisolid strands
HOMOGENISATION ZONE-where matrix is homogenised with CNTs
CNTs are fed through another hopper intensive shearing and kneading action breaks
CNTs into small tubes and mixing occurs
Polymers granules are inserted into rotating screws &pushed forward and melted to
form viscous liquid
Used for-thermoplastic based matrices
20-Oct-18 22
24. 3. INSITU PROCESSING-
• Used for insoluble polymer based matrices.
20-Oct-18 24
Insitu polymerisation
reaction takes place
leading to formation of
CNT polymer based
nanocomposite
Functionalised CNTs are
dispersed in monomers
25. MERITS-
Carbon Nanotubes have a number of advantages-
• High thermal and electrical conductivity
• Optical properties
• Flexibility
• Increased stiffness
• High tensile strength(100 times stronger than steel per unit
of weight)
• Light weight
• Range of electro-conductivity
• Ability to be manipulated yet remain strong
20-Oct-18 25
26. DEMERITS
• Toxicity:-
under some conditions, nanotubes can cross membrane
barriers,which suggests that if a
raw materials reach the organs they can induce harmful effects such
as inflammatory and fibrotic reactions.
• CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC DEFECTS:-
As with any material,the existence of a crystallographic defect
affects the material properties.Defects can occur in the form of
atomic vacancies.
• DIIFICULT TO DISPERSE FIBRES IN MATRIX.20-Oct-18 26
27. REFERENCES-
• [1] Iijima, S. Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon. Nature 354,
56–58 (1991).
• [29] Saito, Y., Dresselhaus, G. & Dresselhaus, M. S. Physical
properties of carbon nanotubes.(London and Imperial College Press,
1998).
• [20] Thostenson, E., Li, C. & Chou, T. Nanocomposites in context.
Compos. Sci. Technol. 65,491–516 (2005).
• [13] Saini, P. in Fundamentals of Conjugated Polymer Blends,
Copolymers and Composites (ed.Saini, P.) 449–518 (John Wiley &
Sons,Inc.,2015).athttp://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/9781119137160.ch
• cnt.polymer based.pdf
20-Oct-18 27