Campylobacteriosis and swine erysipelas are bacterial diseases that affect livestock. Campylobacteriosis, also known as vibriosis, is caused by Campylobacter fetus bacteria and causes infertility in cattle. Swine erysipelas is caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae bacteria and results in skin lesions and arthritis in pigs. Both diseases are transmitted through the fecal-oral route or contact with infected animals/contaminated environments. Clinical signs include abortions, diarrhea, skin lesions, and joint inflammation. Diagnosis involves isolating the bacteria from samples and serological tests. Treatment consists of antibiotics and vaccines are used to prevent outbreaks.

1. Assignment on
Campylobacteriosis and Erysipelas
Submitted by
Chanderkant Suthar
Chavda Hardik
Padher Nimesh
Butani Jigar

2. CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS
 Synonyms
 Vibriosis, Epizootic abortion.
 It is a contagious venereal disease of
cattle characterized by infertility with
repeat breeding.
 Campylobacter” is derived from Greek
word for “Curve rod” because of curved
or spiral shape morphology of bacteria

3. Etiology
Species Host & disease
C.foetus subsp.venerealis. Endometritis, sterility, abortion in cattle
C. foetus subsp.foetus. Abortion in sheep. Possible cause of enteritis
C.jejuni . Abortion in sheep. Enteritis in Humans monkey Cattle, foals,
dogs, cats, and fowls
C.coli Enteritis in humans, monkey and fowl
C.pylori Gastritis in children and monkey

4. Susceptible host
 Cattle
 Buffaloes
 Sheep
 Goat
 Man

5. Mode of transmission
 Faeco-oral
 Coital
 Ingestion of contaminated food
 Waterborne
 Contact with contaminated poultry,
livestock, or household pets

6. Pathogenesis
 The organisms multiply in cervix
 Reach up to the uterine horn and
oviduct
 Damage cilia of epithelial lining of
oviduct
 Interfere with fertilization

7. Pathogenesis cont..
 Organisms have got obligatory respiratory
mode
 Lowered dissolved Lower supplies
Oxygen tension of required nutrients
 Interfere with implantation and
development of embryo

8. Clinical findings
 Abortion in 2nd trimester(4-7months)
 In ewes abortion in last 6 weeks of
pregnancy
 Retention of placenta
 Slight mucopurtulent discharge
 Pyometra
 Aborted foetus shows autolytic changes

9. Clinical findings cont..
Aborted fetus ROP

10. Clinical findings cont..
 Mucous-laden, watery, and/or bile-
streaked diarrhea (with or without blood)
 Reduced appetite
 Occasional vomiting
 Fever and leukocytosis
 Body temperature may be normal

11. Lesions
 Mild endometritis and necrosis of
cotyledons
 Separation of chorion with formation of
hematomas
 Hypoxia due to placental damage
 Foetal death

12. Lesions cont..
 Congested and edematous colons in
dogs
 Hyperplastic epithelial glands
 Thickened mucosa
 Hemorrhagic enteritis
 Edematous mesenteric lymph node

13. Diagnosis
1. Demonstration of organism by Gram’s
staining
2. Culture and isolation
3. Darkfield or phage-contrast microscopy
4. Vaginal mucus aggulutination test
5. Indirect haemaggutination test
6. FAT
7. Detection of serum antibodies by ELISA

14. Treatment
 Following antibiotics can be used
 Streptomycin
 Chloramphenicol
 Tetracycline
 Gentamicin,
 Furazolidone
 Doxycycline

15. Control and prevention
 Pasteurization of milk
 Chlorination of drinking water
 In cows and heifers the disease must be
treated on herd basis

16. Prevention and Control Cont..
 Exposed female should be bred by AI.
 Infected bulls should not be kept in herd
 Addition of antibiotics with semen(1:25
semen: yolk citrate 500 IU penicillin
500mg streptomycin)

17. SWINE ERYSIPELAS
 Synonyms
 Diamond skin disease
 Rouget du proc
 Erysepela del cerdo
 Erysipelas (Greek—red skin)
 Ignissacer
 Holy fire
 St Anthony's fire

18. Cont..
 Erysipelas is an acute streptococcus
bacterial infection of the dermis,
resulting in inflammation
 worldwide in distribution
 Prevalence in India is scanty in nature
 Urticarial form of this disease recorded
in Andhra Pradesh

19. Etiology
 Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
 Erysipelothrix insidiosa (old name)
 22 known serotypes
 Serotype 1 and 2 most common

20. Susceptible Host
 Pig (principal host )
 Sheep
 Carnivores
 Birds
 Human

21. Predisposing factors
 Age
 Genetics
 Immunity
 Non- infectious disease
 Stress due to environment or
management
 Worm infestation
 Concurrent infection
 Alkaline soil

22. Source of Infection
 Domestic pigs
 Carrier animals’ excreta-faeces, urine
 Contaminated water and feed
 Body secretions-saliva, nasal

23. Mode of Transmission
 Ingestion
 Natural infection through skin wound
 Biting flies
 Intra-uterine infection
 Soil contaminated with organisms

24. Pathogenesis
 Acute septicemia and bacteraemia
 Localization of organisms in organ, joint, heart valves and
synovial fluid
 Hyperaemia of synovial membrane
 Proliferation of synovial villi
 Thickening of joint capsule
 Amyloidosis in pigs

25. Clinical Findings
 Acute:-
 Sudden death
 High rise in temp.(104-106°F),
 Stilly gait and get up with difficult
 Suspended bowl material movement
 Pigs remain depressed and burrow in the
bedding
 Conjunctivitis and vomition

26. Clinical findings Cont..
 Diamond skin lesions
 Slightly pink to dark purple area which
raised and firm to touch
 Light to light purplish red lesions
 Dark purplish angry lesions may
proceed to death.
 The course of acute form is 2-4 days

27. Diamond skin lesions in pig

28. Clinical findings cont..
 Subacute
 Less severe manifestations
 Skin lesions may or may not be noticed
 Chronic
 Arthritis
 Mainly involved joints are hock, stifles,
knee, and elbow
 Joints are stiff, enlarged, hot and painful
 Sloughing of tip of the tail and ear.

29. Signs in cattle
 Non-suppurative arthritis
 Ulceration of cartilages
 Lameness
 Fluctuating joint capsule

30. Signs in sheep
 Acute or chronic form of arthritis
 Valvular endocarditis
 Cutanious infection
 Septicemia
 Multifocal necrotizing alveolitis

31. Signs in man
 Rise in temperature
 Pain in the hand and fingers
 Blisters
 Inflammation of lymph glands

32. Lesions
 Acute cases
 Rhomboid lesions
 Septicemia
 Lesions are centered around the smaller
vessels of the dermis and hypodermis
 Intravascular fibrin coagulation or
thrombosis

33. Lesions cont..
 Chronic cases
 Verrucose endocarditis
 Cauliflower like growth on the valves
 Mitral valve is more frequently affected
 Infarction of kidney and liver

34. Vegetative endocarditis

35. Lesions cont..
 Venous congestion of lungs
 Pulmonary oedema.
 Arthritis in limbs and vertebrae joints
 Clear amber colour fluid in joint capsule
 Swelling of adjoining lymph nodes

36. Diagnosis
 History
 Clinical findings
 Lesions
 Isolation and identification of organisms
 Animal inoculation test

37. Diagnosis cont..
 Serological diagnosis
 Agglutination test
 Avidin-biotin peroxidase technique
 Gel diffusion precipitation test
 Indirect immunoassay
 ELISA
 PCR

38. Diagnosis cont..
 Differential diagnosis:-
 Swine fever
 Salmonellosis
 Glasser’s disease
 Foot rot
 Streptococcal endocarditis
 Streptococcal septicemia and arthritis

39. Treatment
1. Antiserum-
2. Antibiotics
 Penicillins
 Clindamycin
 Erythromycin
3. Anti inflammatory drugs
 Corticosteroids-betamethasone

40. Prevention and Control
 Dead carcasses should be burnt
properly
 Pasture should be kept vacant following
outbreak for a month
 Chronically affected carrier pigs should
be culled
 The house and premises should be
strictly disinfected

41. Prevention and control cont..
 Sound husbandry practices
 Replacement of stock should be made
from clean sources.
 Recently purchased should be kept in
isolation

42. Prevention and control cont..
 Immunization
 Attenuated vaccine
 Age of vaccination is 6 to 10 weeks.
 Second booster dose is given 2-4 weeks
later after the first vaccination.
 Bacterins
 Formalin killed whole culture of
organism adsorbed in aluminium
hydroxide gel

43. KHAMMA GHANI