Camera shots and movements are important techniques used to convey information and guide audience perspective. Wide shots establish settings and show scale, while close-ups focus attention and highlight emotions. Point-of-view shots involve the audience by showing what a character sees. Shot reverse shots alternate between characters in a conversation. Camera movements like pans, tilts, and dolly shots follow or move alongside the action. Angles provide information about characters - high angles convey weakness while low angles show power.

1. Camera Shots & Movements
Camera Shots
Establishing shot – This shows exterior, gives audience a feel for where they
are. Typically an extreme shot or wide angle shot.
Wide shot – Gives the audience loads of information about the size and scale
of the setting.
Crane Shot/Dolly Shot – Gives a smooth shot and gives lots of versatility to
move the camera around and get different perspective shots. An easy way of
moving the camera.
Aerial Shot – Is a variation of the crane shot, this gives a bird’s eye view, can
show the audience perspective and scale, establishing the setting and
movement.
Close up – Very little background, forces the audience to look in a specific
place. Gives weight to how important something is. Focuses audience’s
attention and highlight a character’s emotion.
Extreme Close up – Genuinely magnifies something that the human eye
wouldn’t see in such detail such as a tear falling down a characters cheek.
Point of View (POV) – What the character can see. The audience then
becomes and sees through the actor’s eyes. Giving an emotional and tense
shot.
Subjective Point of View – We see that the character sees but not from their
eyes, this involves the audience and makes them a part of the scene.
Two Shot – Used mainly in conversations, two characters in the same shot
talking at once. Used to show connection/relationship between characters.
Shot Reverse Shot – When a character is looking at another character and
the camera switches between shots and primarily focuses on the character
speaking. This usually incorporates the 180 degree rule.

2. Angles and Movements
Pans – A movement which scans a scene horizontally. The camera is placed
on a tripod, which operates as a stationary axis point as the camera is moved.
Used to follow moving objects/people.
Tilts – A movement which scans a scene vertically, otherwise similar to a pan.
Sometimes used to show superiority.
High Angle – Gives the audience information about the character, this shows
the audience that the character might be weak/small/powerless.
Low Angle – Gives the audience information about the character, shows the
audience you looking up at this character, this shows the audience that
character might be powerful/strong/evil.
Dolly Shots/tracking shot – Camera is now moving, either handheld or on a
track. The camera physically is now moving to move alongside the action of
the film.
Hand-held shots – Gives a jerky, ragged effect. This can shows suspense
and adds tension and adds realism for the audience.
Zoom/reverse zoom – This is done in the camera and is used to show
suspense and go towards the action to focus on primary object.