Cinematography techniques are used to tell a visual story and provide context. Some key techniques include establishing shots which set the scene, wide shots which show a large setting, and close-ups which focus on a person's face to show emotion. Different shot types like long shots, medium shots, and point-of-view shots help viewers understand characters' perspectives and relationships. Camera movements like pans, tilts, tracks and zooms are also used to guide attention and enhance scenes. Proper use of these cinematography techniques helps audiences understand when and where the story takes place.

1. Cinematography
 Everything in the scene is there for a reason
 Establishing shot- Normally outside, from far away,
sets the scene, tells us when and where we are
 Wide shot- Very broad shot, shows a lot of setting
 Crane shot- Camera is placed on a crane, it can
move up down left or right
 Birds-eye-view- High up shot looking down

2.  Long shot- Camera is placed far away, if a person is
in the shot we see their whole body
 Medium shot- You can see the person in the shot
from the waist up, most common shot used

3.  Close-up- Shows very little background, focused on
one thing e.g. a person’s face
 Extreme close-up- Very close shot, no background
e.g. a person’s eye, shows emotion
 Point of view- We can see what the character is
seeing through their eyes

4.  Over the shoulder- We can see what the character
is seeing but not from their perspective, makes the
audience feel like they’re next to the character
 Two shot- Two characters together in one scene, if
they’re very close it shows they have a good
relationship whereas if they’re standing far away it
shows a lack of relationship/rivalry

5.  Shot/reverse shot-
The camera has to stay on the same side as it
starts on so it doesn’t look like the two characters
swap side and doesn’t confuse the audience
 Pans- A camera movement which scans a scene
horizontally
 Tilts- A camera movement which scans a scene
vertically
 Tracking- The camera physically moves sideways

6.  High angle shot- A shot that looks down on its
focus
 Low angle shot- A shot that looks down on its
focus

7.  Dolly shot- A camera on wheels (Moves free flow)
 Hand held shot- The camera is being held (Jerky
movement)
 Zoom/reverse zoom- The camera moves closer or
further away from the action either done
physically or by the use of a zoom mechanism on
cameras
 Tilted shot- A shot where the camera is at a
different angle