Building Technology 1 Assignment 2 - Construction Solutions
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This document presents student Lim Joe Onn's assignment for a Building Technology module, which includes precedent studies and proposals for the façade and roof systems of a proposed Vertical Park Library in Kuala Lumpur. Precedent studies include a ventilation block façade from Vietnam, a green wall system from Kuala Lumpur, and a thatched roof villa from Bali. Two façade proposals are presented: one with precast concrete ventilation blocks, and one with a green wall system of hollow posts, cables and planter boxes. A sectional perspective shows a proposed thatched roof system using nipa palm leaves and bamboo.
![SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING & DESIGN
Centre for Modern Architecture Studies in Southeast Asia (MASSA)
Bachelor of Science (Honours) (Architecture)
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 [BLD61403/ARC3514 / ARC3512]
ASSIGNMENT 2:
NAME: LIM JOE ONN
STUDENT ID: 0318679
TUTOR: MR KHAIROOL AIZAT
CONSTRUCTION
SOLUTIONS](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/btechreport2-170622083150/85/Building-Technology-1-Assignment-2-Construction-Solutions-1-320.jpg)
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Building Technology 1 Assignment 2 - Construction Solutions
- 1. SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING & DESIGN Centre for Modern Architecture Studies in Southeast Asia (MASSA) Bachelor of Science (Honours) (Architecture) BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 [BLD61403/ARC3514 / ARC3512] ASSIGNMENT 2: NAME: LIM JOE ONN STUDENT ID: 0318679 TUTOR: MR KHAIROOL AIZAT CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
- 2. INTRODUCTION FAÇADE PRECEDENT STUDY 1 – COCOON HOUSE, VIETNAM FAÇADE PRECEDENT STUDY 2 – LE NOUVEL, KL FLOOR PRECEDENT STUDY – EPIC HOMES ROOF PRECEDENT STUDY – VILLA SANUR, BALI FAÇADE PROPOSAL 1 – VENTILATION BLOCKS FAÇADE PROPOSAL 2 – INDIRECT SYSTEM WITH PLANTER BOXES SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE LOCATIONS SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE 1 – ROOF GARDEN SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE 2 – READING AREA CONTENT
- 3. INTRODUCTION In the module of Architectural Studio 5, I designed a community library in the heart of the humid tropical metropolis of Kuala Lumpur. The site is a narrow strip of land right next to an old shopping street. The proposed library has an estimated area of 1200 square metres and is 5 stories tall excluding its roof garden. Its design aims to tackle two major issues of the site, namely the demand for an education centre and lack of greenery. Thus, the design focuses on softscape and vernacular elements. As for this module, we are to propose a roof system and two alternative façade designs. PROJECT NAME: VERTICAL PARK LIBRARY SITE: JALAN TUANKU ABDUL RAHMAN, KUALA LUMPUR
- 4. COCOON HOUSE, VIETNAM Architects: Ta Tien Vinh and Truong Tuan Chung ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES REASON FOR SELECTION Advantages: Simple to prefabricate and build, promising rapid construction Great flexibility to customization and design High thermal mass, providing cooling effect to building interior Allows maximum ventilation Ease of maintenance Disadvantages: Smaller and higher number of components Repetitive work during construction Application of vent blocks adapts the building to its tropical context by maximizing cross ventilation throughout its façade. It too gives a sense of privacy as well as ample shading from sun and rain. Ventilation blocks are a trend in tropical regions due to its aesthetics and functionality. It has a long history as a traditional building module in areas with hot climate as they provide climatic comfort and protection. FAÇADE PRECEDENT STUDY 1 This house is renovated from an older building that is narrow and clustered. The old balconies at both ends of the house were skinned with precast concrete ventilation blocks. Two varieties of vent blocks alternate randomly with the patterned one at higher frequency. The space inside the skin was left for rain, wind and sunlight to pass through. Its design is inspired from a cocoon, where the expressive façade allows access to nature but with security and privacy considerations. MATERIALS USED Precast concrete ventilation blocks, Cement mortar METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION Concrete blocks are precast and sent to site. The blocks are then laid onto one another with cement mortar as adhesive component. Precast concrete vent blocks Similar method of applying mortar to blocks
- 5. LE NOUVEL, KUALA LUMPUR Architect: Jean Nouvel ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES REASON FOR SELECTION Advantages: Reduces noise level within building Provides insulation, thus decreasing air-conditioning requirement Improved air quality Visually pleasing and soothing Disadvantages: Requires costly nutrient, pruning and irrigation equipment High maintenance and construction cost The design of Vertical Park Library holds the principle of resurrecting nature to the site, which needs more shade and greenery. A green wall forms a barrier between the library’s interior and its chaotic surrounding, hence improving its sound and air quality. Covering a façade with flora gives a positive psychological impact to pedestrians of the dystopian, heavily-urbanized site which lacks tranquil softscape. Situated right next to KLCC, Le Nouvel is a dual-tower luxury residence with a façade integrating lush tropical greenery into a heavily urbanized context. Its façade is a combination of vertical rectangular aluminum posts and horizontal cable rods that allow vines to grow onto it. Planter boxes are placed irregularly between the posts. The typology of this façade falls under ‘indirect system with planter boxes’. Climber plants are kept away from the walls by cable supporters. The cable system suits faster growing plants with denser foliage. As time progresses, the growing plants will cover the façade entirely. FAÇADE PRECEDENT STUDY 2 MATERIALS USED Cable rod, Rectangular hollow steel post, Aluminum planter boxes, Creeper and flowering plants, Fertile soil (soil, peat and sand in the ratio 7:3:2 by volume) METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION The system is made up of the following components: containers, insulated containers, maintenance remote automated irrigation and fertilization systems, and wall mounting system. Tensile cable rods extend from permanent vertical steel beams. Plants grow from planter boxes, covering the façade. Water drainage from poly pipes Reinforced concrete column Zinc plated handrail Aluminum planter box Zinc-coated aluminum Aluminum grid rail Cable rod Plants
- 6. EPIC HOMES (THROUGHOUT MALAYSIA) Architect: Ben Phua ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES REASON FOR SELECTION Advantages: Allowing passive design ventilation as air flows freely through the gaps between timber planks Simple and lightweight for construction Rapid construction and lower costs due to prefabrication Wooden floors do not retain much heat nor conduct heat Disadvantages: Susceptible to fire as they lose strength at high temperatures Prone to corrosion at marine environments The houses’ design is suitable for tropical climates similar to our current site. It drew inspiration from traditional Malay attap houses by standing on stilts, allowing cool air to enter below via gaps between timber planks and hot air to be removed from the top of the house. The theme for Vertical Park Library emphasizes on vernacular architecture and living lightly on the site. Timber does not retain heat, decreasing heat gain of the building. Simple steel structures are conventional and readily-available, thus cost and time efficient. FLOOR PRECEDENT STUDY 1 Specially designed for ease of assemble and rapid construction, EPIC homes are modular houses built throughout Malaysia for the needy in remote areas. Its steel post and beam structural design with wooden floor finishing is lightweight and portable, making it efficient to build. METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION The floor structure is made up of beams that extend from columns with brackets at intervals. The secondary structure, which are timber beams, are locked in these brackets. Wooden planks are then nailed onto the timber beams beneath. MATERIALS USED Hollow steel beams, Chengal timber beams, Chengal timber planks, Nails Hardwood timber planks and beams Steel beam with brackets
- 7. VILLA SANUR, BALI, INDONESIA Architect: Paul Koodravsev ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES REASON FOR SELECTION Advantages: Utilizes local, renewable materials Inexpensive Waterproof and weather resistant Ideal for places with hot climates due to good insulation Environment friendly as materials needed are grown and harvested with little machinery Disadvantages: Combustible if fire occurs Labour intensive Thatch is not a standard product, each roof will vary slightly Thatched roofs have existed in our tropical country since its early history, thus best represents our indigenous heritage in architecture, which fits the library’s theme of reviving vernacular elements. Craftsmen and materials needed for its construction is easily available locally, making it sustainable and efficient. ROOF PRECEDENT STUDY 1 Villa Sanur is a complex of small villas and verandahs with traditional thatched roofs scattered on a 24000 m2 site. Its approach is highly localized and vernacular, an interpretation of a traditional Balinese compound. Design emphasis was placed upon the openness of living areas to the garden. Water was an integral part of the landscape design and rare palm species are used. To fit its theme, its construction fully utilized locally-available materials and craftsmanship. Thus, explaining the villa’s abundant use of thatched roofs. MATERIALS USED Nipa palm leaves, Bamboo, Manila rope, Timber beams and columns METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION Bamboo rafters are tied to the ridge and purlin members of the roof. The ladder lashing technique is used to attach the dried palm leaves to the bamboo rafters. A series of knots were tied from one end to another, zigzagging through the rafters that keep the leaves intact. Dried Nipa palm leaves Bamboo 5 years of age treated with boric acid
- 8. FAÇADE PROPOSAL 1 FRONT ELEVATION scale 1:100 Façade entirely covered with prefabricated precast concrete ventilation blocks, each attached to one another via cement mortar. Metal plates extend from steel I-beams at each floor, adding extra support to the repetitive blocks by countering lateral forces. Precast concrete ventilation blocks Planter box Horizontal metal plate Steel I-column
- 9. FAÇADE PROPOSAL 1 REAR ELEVATION scale 1:100
- 10. FAÇADE PROPOSAL 2 FRONT ELEVATION scale 1:100 Façade composes of repeated vertical rectangular hollow steel posts and horizontal cable rods that guide the growth of creeper and flowering plants from planter boxes. Complex irrigation and fertilization systems maintain the façade. Planter box Creeper plants Cable rod Rectangular hollow steel post Steel I-column
- 11. FAÇADE PROPOSAL 2 REAR ELEVATION scale 1:100
- 13. SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE 1ROOF GARDEN scale 1:30 Nipa palm thatch Manila rope Dried bamboo purlin Poly irrigation pipe Horizontal cable rod Chengal wood flooring Rectangular hollow steel rod Waterproof sealant Timber secondary beam Each bamboo purlin is drilled with holes and clamped between two hinges on a steel rafter. Nuts and bolts secure the purlins to the permanent hinges. Stainless steel L-connector brackets Stainless steel L-connector brackets Stainless steel hinge Steel rafter Aluminum planter box Steel I-beam Vertical hollow steel rods extend from horizontal beams. Cable rods run horizontally for creeper plants to grow on. Brackets secure planter boxes. Atrium
- 14. SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE 2 READING AREA scale 1:30 Steel I-columns Stainless steel L-connector brackets Rivet Gusset plate Precast concrete ventilation blocks Aluminum L-plate Timber beam Timber beams are slotted between brackets Aluminum L-plates run horizontally to counter lateral forces on the vent block wall Chengal wood flooring Steel post and beam system with wooden floor finishing Gusset plate I-columns extend to pad footings below Steel I-beam Waterproof sealant