CORE Group Fall Meeting 2010. Family Planning Integration: Overcoming Barriers to NGO Programming. A Presentation of Preliminary Results from the CORE Group CBFP/MCH Integration Survey. - Paige Anderson Bowen, CORE Group Consultant
Monitoring Scale-up of Health Practices and InterventionsMEASURE Evaluation
This guide provides information to help monitor the scale-up of health practices and interventions. It introduces the guide and its objectives, which are to provide background on monitoring scale-up initiatives. The guide includes a rationale for monitoring scale-up, a readiness assessment, 10 considerations for monitoring scale-up such as defining objectives and selecting indicators, and appendices with case studies and frameworks for scaling up health interventions. The goal is to create a practical resource that can help effectively monitor and evaluate the scale-up process.
The Joint Learning Network in Action: Spotlight on GhanaHFG Project
More and more countries are implementing complex health systems reforms to achieve universal health coverage. The Joint Learning Network (JLN) is a country-driven network of practitioners and policymakers who together develop knowledge products to bridge the gap between theory and practice, with the goal of extending health care coverage to more than 3 billion people.
The JLN community is comprised of leaders from ministries of health, national health financing agencies, and other key government institutions in 27 Asian, African, European, Latin American, and Middle Eastern countries as well as a diverse group of international, regional, and local partners.
On Thursday, September 22, the HFG Project hosted a technical briefing session on the JLN's work on the ground, and about Ghana’s National Health Insurance Authority (NHIA) on their collaboration with the JLN and the HFG project. Speakers included: Amanda Folsom (JLN Program Director, Results for Development), Nathaniel Otoo, (Chief Executive, Ghana NHIA), Dr. Lydia Dsane-Selby (Director, Claims, NHIA), and Chris Lovelace (Principal Associate, International Health, Abt Associates).
Small grants, big opportunities: Using the small grants mechanism to build l...MEASURE Evaluation
15 research projects were completed across multiple countries, focusing on topics like integrating family planning data and assessing quality of services. The grants improved local research capacity in areas like proposal writing, data analysis, and reporting. Findings were disseminated through reports, conferences, and online to inform programs and policies. The small grants were found to be a cost-effective way to fill local evidence gaps and promote data use for family planning.
This document discusses monitoring and evaluation concepts for family planning programs. It begins by outlining session objectives related to applying M&E frameworks, indicators, and issues to family planning programs from a post-Cairo perspective. It then provides an overview of topics to be covered including family planning frameworks, implications of the Cairo agenda, indicators like contraceptive prevalence and unmet need, monitoring quality of care, and linkages between family planning and HIV. The document reviews conceptual frameworks for understanding factors influencing fertility and family planning supply. It discusses applying these frameworks for M&E by examining inputs, outputs, outcomes, and impacts. Specific indicators, data sources, and issues related to monitoring quality of care, contraceptive prevalence, unmet need,
What Makes a Good Performance Management Plan? A new tool for managersMEASURE Evaluation
The document provides guidance on what makes a good performance management plan (PMP). It outlines 14 key factors for a quality PMP, including having a clear results framework, indicators that reflect project objectives, and practical plans for collecting high-quality data. A good PMP is easy to follow, with the right level of indicators to assess results while still being manageable. It also identifies costs for implementation and opportunities for evaluation. Developing a strong PMP upfront helps guide effective management and decision making.
Evolution of Family Planning Impact Evaluation: New contexts and methodologic...MEASURE Evaluation
This document discusses the evolution of impact evaluations for family planning programs. It provides historical context on impact evaluations dating back to the 1990s, which primarily used randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental designs. More recent considerations include theory-based approaches, systems-based approaches, and implementation science to evaluate family planning programs. The document recommends accepting a wide range of evaluation designs that meet but not exceed stakeholder needs.
Monitoring and Evaluation at the Community Level: A Strategic Review of ME...MEASURE Evaluation
This document summarizes MEASURE Evaluation's accomplishments and lessons learned from supporting community-level monitoring and evaluation (M&E) systems over Phase III. It describes key challenges faced in community-based M&E like low capacity and lack of resources. Best practices identified include involving stakeholders, intensive capacity building, and using simple tools. Gaps around data use and accessibility are discussed, along with recommendations for integrating community data and indicators, improving capacity building strategies, and taking a more strategic approach to community-based information systems.
Monitoring Scale-up of Health Practices and InterventionsMEASURE Evaluation
This guide provides information to help monitor the scale-up of health practices and interventions. It introduces the guide and its objectives, which are to provide background on monitoring scale-up initiatives. The guide includes a rationale for monitoring scale-up, a readiness assessment, 10 considerations for monitoring scale-up such as defining objectives and selecting indicators, and appendices with case studies and frameworks for scaling up health interventions. The goal is to create a practical resource that can help effectively monitor and evaluate the scale-up process.
The Joint Learning Network in Action: Spotlight on GhanaHFG Project
More and more countries are implementing complex health systems reforms to achieve universal health coverage. The Joint Learning Network (JLN) is a country-driven network of practitioners and policymakers who together develop knowledge products to bridge the gap between theory and practice, with the goal of extending health care coverage to more than 3 billion people.
The JLN community is comprised of leaders from ministries of health, national health financing agencies, and other key government institutions in 27 Asian, African, European, Latin American, and Middle Eastern countries as well as a diverse group of international, regional, and local partners.
On Thursday, September 22, the HFG Project hosted a technical briefing session on the JLN's work on the ground, and about Ghana’s National Health Insurance Authority (NHIA) on their collaboration with the JLN and the HFG project. Speakers included: Amanda Folsom (JLN Program Director, Results for Development), Nathaniel Otoo, (Chief Executive, Ghana NHIA), Dr. Lydia Dsane-Selby (Director, Claims, NHIA), and Chris Lovelace (Principal Associate, International Health, Abt Associates).
Small grants, big opportunities: Using the small grants mechanism to build l...MEASURE Evaluation
15 research projects were completed across multiple countries, focusing on topics like integrating family planning data and assessing quality of services. The grants improved local research capacity in areas like proposal writing, data analysis, and reporting. Findings were disseminated through reports, conferences, and online to inform programs and policies. The small grants were found to be a cost-effective way to fill local evidence gaps and promote data use for family planning.
This document discusses monitoring and evaluation concepts for family planning programs. It begins by outlining session objectives related to applying M&E frameworks, indicators, and issues to family planning programs from a post-Cairo perspective. It then provides an overview of topics to be covered including family planning frameworks, implications of the Cairo agenda, indicators like contraceptive prevalence and unmet need, monitoring quality of care, and linkages between family planning and HIV. The document reviews conceptual frameworks for understanding factors influencing fertility and family planning supply. It discusses applying these frameworks for M&E by examining inputs, outputs, outcomes, and impacts. Specific indicators, data sources, and issues related to monitoring quality of care, contraceptive prevalence, unmet need,
What Makes a Good Performance Management Plan? A new tool for managersMEASURE Evaluation
The document provides guidance on what makes a good performance management plan (PMP). It outlines 14 key factors for a quality PMP, including having a clear results framework, indicators that reflect project objectives, and practical plans for collecting high-quality data. A good PMP is easy to follow, with the right level of indicators to assess results while still being manageable. It also identifies costs for implementation and opportunities for evaluation. Developing a strong PMP upfront helps guide effective management and decision making.
Evolution of Family Planning Impact Evaluation: New contexts and methodologic...MEASURE Evaluation
This document discusses the evolution of impact evaluations for family planning programs. It provides historical context on impact evaluations dating back to the 1990s, which primarily used randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental designs. More recent considerations include theory-based approaches, systems-based approaches, and implementation science to evaluate family planning programs. The document recommends accepting a wide range of evaluation designs that meet but not exceed stakeholder needs.
Monitoring and Evaluation at the Community Level: A Strategic Review of ME...MEASURE Evaluation
This document summarizes MEASURE Evaluation's accomplishments and lessons learned from supporting community-level monitoring and evaluation (M&E) systems over Phase III. It describes key challenges faced in community-based M&E like low capacity and lack of resources. Best practices identified include involving stakeholders, intensive capacity building, and using simple tools. Gaps around data use and accessibility are discussed, along with recommendations for integrating community data and indicators, improving capacity building strategies, and taking a more strategic approach to community-based information systems.
Evaluation: Lessons Learned for the Global Health InitiativeMEASURE Evaluation
This document summarizes lessons learned from evaluations of global health programs. It discusses challenges with evaluation designs and provides examples of evaluations in Kenya, Tanzania, Nigeria, and Bangladesh. Key lessons are the importance of clear program descriptions, considering impact pathways, assessing implementation, combining quantitative and qualitative data, and focusing on using findings to inform programs.
Integrating Gender in the M&E of Health Programs: A ToolkitMEASURE Evaluation
This document introduces an integrated gender toolkit for monitoring and evaluating health programs. The toolkit was developed to provide guidance on integrating gender considerations into health program M&E activities. It includes modules on developing a rationale, identifying stakeholders, building a gender-integrated M&E plan, and developing an implementation plan. Each module includes activities and tools to help programs collect sex-disaggregated data, analyze how programs impact gender norms and inequalities, and improve health outcomes. The overall aim is to equip programs with the resources needed to understand the relationship between gender and health and incorporate gender perspectives into their M&E practices.
Molly Cannon developed a custom country tool to identify and prioritize vulnerable households for an OVC program in Uganda. The tool was adapted from an existing vulnerability index and revised based on stakeholder feedback to focus on key vulnerability indicators. It was then adapted for use in South Sudan and Lesotho. Cannon discusses the tool development process, key design considerations around purpose and data collection, and plans to develop global guidance for adapting the tool in other contexts through a USAID program.
What must be done to ehance capacity for health systems research?IDS
This presentation was written by Sara Bennett, Ligia Paina, Christine Kim, Irene Agyepong, Somsak Chunharas, Di McIntyre and Stefan Nachuk for the Global Symposium on Health Systems Research, November, 2010.
This report summarizes research into how accountability mechanisms contribute to the quality of humanitarian aid. Case studies in Kenya and Myanmar found that participation and feedback helped agencies understand needs and target assistance more effectively. It also built trust between aid organizations and communities. Complaints mechanisms highlighted issues and participation in project design and monitoring improved relevance, efficiency, and sustainability. However, the use of accountability in practice remains inconsistent. The report recommends routinely implementing accountability, further documenting practices, and adopting the research methodology to strengthen humanitarian responses.
Data for Impact: Lessons Learned in Using the Ripple Effects Mapping MethodMEASURE Evaluation
The document summarizes experiences using the Ripple Effects Mapping (REM) method to evaluate development programs in Tanzania and Botswana. REM is a participatory method that engages stakeholders to visually map the different effects of a program. The summaries describe:
1) How REM was used to evaluate a governance program in Tanzania, including training facilitators, conducting interviews and group mapping sessions, and analyzing results.
2) Tailoring REM for evaluating a youth program in Botswana, such as adjusting questions for younger participants and capturing complex outcomes.
3) Lessons learned about facilitating REM, including the need for extensive training, tailoring the method to the population, and allowing time for discussion to fully explore outcomes
This document discusses the development of indicators to measure the performance of community-based HIV programs. It describes an extensive consultation process involving organizations like PEPFAR and the Global Fund. Field tests were conducted in Vietnam and Kenya to evaluate proposed indicators and make recommendations. The final indicators focus on prevention services, prevention materials, care services, and testing and linkages. The indicators are intended to track services at the community level and fill gaps in understanding community programs.
Measuring National M&E System Strengthening in Nigeria: Application of the Mo...MEASURE Evaluation
This document summarizes a study that used the Most Significant Change technique to measure strengthening of Nigeria's national M&E system from 2007-2012. Key stakeholders identified several most significant changes, including the harmonization of indicators to improve reporting, improved data quality through training, states now analyzing and using data, and the evolution of paper-based information systems to an integrated electronic system. These most significant changes were then verified through interviews and workshops to understand how the M&E system in Nigeria was strengthened over that period.
Building M&E capacity in community-based HIV programs in Tanzania: From diagn...MEASURE Evaluation
The document summarizes efforts to build monitoring and evaluation (M&E) capacity in community-based HIV programs in Tanzania. It found that existing M&E systems were inadequate and data quality was poor. A new approach was developed using data quality assessments and community tracing of beneficiaries to identify weaknesses and improve M&E skills through tailored training. This led to measurable improvements in M&E plans, performance, and data quality. However, fully transitioning capacity building to local organizations remained a challenge.
Tony O'Connor: Integrating Marketing Data into Decision Making, 30 June 2014Nuffield Trust
Integrating data into decision making can lead to more efficient resource use by delivering more targeted, patient-centered care and reducing hospital admissions. However, the evidence for cost reduction is mixed due to the complex nature of integration and difficulties attributing effects. Studies find the most important factors for successful integration are simplifying interactions through single assessments, co-locating services, and maximizing each patient contact with a single point of contact. To better evaluate integration, agreed definitions, standardized metrics, clarity on success measures, robust methods, and patient-centered data collection are needed.
Addressing Complexity in the Impact Evaluation of the Cross-Border Health Int...MEASURE Evaluation
This document discusses evaluating the Cross-Border Health Integrated Partnership Project (CB-HIPP) in East Africa. CB-HIPP aims to improve access to quality health services and outcomes in cross-border areas. The evaluation will measure health outcomes in intervention and comparison sites at baseline and over time to quantify CB-HIPP's impact. Addressing the evaluation's complexity involves collecting data from multiple sources, measuring a broad range of outcomes, and using an appropriate analytic method like difference-in-differences to account for background trends.
The document discusses assessing and improving community health worker (CHW) programs using the CHW AIM (Assess, Improve, Measure) toolkit. The toolkit includes a functionality matrix to assess CHW program design and implementation, intervention matrices to assess specific health services, and guides participants through a workshop process to conduct assessments, identify strengths and challenges, validate scores, and develop action plans for improvement. The goal is to provide a standardized yet adaptable approach to strengthening CHW programs globally.
Beyond Indicators and Reporting: M&E as a Systems Strengthening InterventionMEASURE Evaluation
This document discusses monitoring and evaluation (M&E) systems and their importance in strengthening health systems. It notes that while demand for M&E is increasing, many country systems remain weak. Progress has been made in harmonizing indicators and developing tools and guidelines. Case studies from Jamaica and Cote d'Ivoire show how focused efforts to strengthen M&E systems can improve data quality and use over time. Building strong M&E requires addressing technical, organizational and behavioral factors and is a long-term intervention that needs sustained investment.
Measuring and Evaluating Reproductive Health Initiatives MEASURE Evaluation
This presentation provides an overview of the process of updating the Compendium of Indicators for Evaluating Reproductive Health Programs and what the final product will include.
(2014) Standards Implementation and Systems Change: Results of a Survey of On...Dr. Chiachen Cheng
This survey of Ontario's Early Psychosis Intervention programs found that while most programs are actively implementing supportive practices outlined in the Early Psychosis Intervention Program Standards, some areas need more support. Training and use of data to monitor quality and improve care were seen as most challenging. Networks were perceived as helpful, especially for smaller programs. Administrative supports for implementation varied between programs and may affect sustainability. Next steps include stakeholder consultation to plan further support projects.
Building Skills to Advocate for Change with Health DataMEASURE Evaluation
The document summarizes a workshop on building skills to advocate for change using health data. The workshop covered developing advocacy strategies, identifying target audiences, crafting messages, selecting communication channels, and assessing the impact of advocacy efforts. Attendees participated in activities to develop an advocacy strategy and elevator speech for a health issue. The goal was to help participants learn how to use data to directly and indirectly influence decision makers and support policies.
I gave this talk at a Nigeria Health Summit in March 2016. It was an introduction to impact evaluation: what it is, when it's a good idea, and some possible approaches.
Understanding Why, When, and What it Will Take to do Operations and/or Implem...CORE Group
Here are some issues with the objectives and research questions:
- The objectives are not specific enough and focus more on methods rather than the purpose of the research.
- The questions make assumptions that community beliefs are "wrong" rather than trying to understand perspectives.
- Questions 1.1 and 1.2 for the formative research objective are too leading and specific rather than open-ended to understand barriers.
- Objective 2 aims to "prove" effectiveness rather than objectively measure impact, and the questions only measure outcomes rather than factors influencing them.
The objectives and questions should be more open-ended, focus on understanding rather than proving assumptions, and aim to inform program improvement rather than prove effectiveness.
Strategic Review: Towards a Grand Convergence for Child Survival and HealthCORE Group
This document summarizes a strategic review of options for improving integrated management of newborn and childhood illness (IMNCI) going forward. The review draws on data from over 90 countries and hundreds of experts. Key findings are: 1) While IMNCI has helped transform child health services, interest and funding have declined and scale-up was rarely achieved; 2) To achieve ambitious new child mortality targets, health systems must be strengthened and universal health coverage ensured; 3) The review proposes renewing focus and action on IMNCI through a "Grand Convergence" to end preventable child deaths, supported by domestic and international financing. The goal is high quality care across home, community and health facilities as part of reproductive, maternal
The Normative Dimensions of SBC as Part of a Community Action Cycle SUSAN IGRASCORE Group
The document summarizes a social network intervention in Benin aimed at reducing unmet need for family planning by addressing social norms. It describes the intervention's goal of using influential community members and groups to start reflective discussions about family planning. Evaluation results found increased discussion of and support for family planning among social networks, as well as greater method use and meeting of need in the intervention areas compared to control areas. The intervention is presented as a potentially scalable approach to fostering social norm change through community engagement and diffusion of ideas.
Evaluation: Lessons Learned for the Global Health InitiativeMEASURE Evaluation
This document summarizes lessons learned from evaluations of global health programs. It discusses challenges with evaluation designs and provides examples of evaluations in Kenya, Tanzania, Nigeria, and Bangladesh. Key lessons are the importance of clear program descriptions, considering impact pathways, assessing implementation, combining quantitative and qualitative data, and focusing on using findings to inform programs.
Integrating Gender in the M&E of Health Programs: A ToolkitMEASURE Evaluation
This document introduces an integrated gender toolkit for monitoring and evaluating health programs. The toolkit was developed to provide guidance on integrating gender considerations into health program M&E activities. It includes modules on developing a rationale, identifying stakeholders, building a gender-integrated M&E plan, and developing an implementation plan. Each module includes activities and tools to help programs collect sex-disaggregated data, analyze how programs impact gender norms and inequalities, and improve health outcomes. The overall aim is to equip programs with the resources needed to understand the relationship between gender and health and incorporate gender perspectives into their M&E practices.
Molly Cannon developed a custom country tool to identify and prioritize vulnerable households for an OVC program in Uganda. The tool was adapted from an existing vulnerability index and revised based on stakeholder feedback to focus on key vulnerability indicators. It was then adapted for use in South Sudan and Lesotho. Cannon discusses the tool development process, key design considerations around purpose and data collection, and plans to develop global guidance for adapting the tool in other contexts through a USAID program.
What must be done to ehance capacity for health systems research?IDS
This presentation was written by Sara Bennett, Ligia Paina, Christine Kim, Irene Agyepong, Somsak Chunharas, Di McIntyre and Stefan Nachuk for the Global Symposium on Health Systems Research, November, 2010.
This report summarizes research into how accountability mechanisms contribute to the quality of humanitarian aid. Case studies in Kenya and Myanmar found that participation and feedback helped agencies understand needs and target assistance more effectively. It also built trust between aid organizations and communities. Complaints mechanisms highlighted issues and participation in project design and monitoring improved relevance, efficiency, and sustainability. However, the use of accountability in practice remains inconsistent. The report recommends routinely implementing accountability, further documenting practices, and adopting the research methodology to strengthen humanitarian responses.
Data for Impact: Lessons Learned in Using the Ripple Effects Mapping MethodMEASURE Evaluation
The document summarizes experiences using the Ripple Effects Mapping (REM) method to evaluate development programs in Tanzania and Botswana. REM is a participatory method that engages stakeholders to visually map the different effects of a program. The summaries describe:
1) How REM was used to evaluate a governance program in Tanzania, including training facilitators, conducting interviews and group mapping sessions, and analyzing results.
2) Tailoring REM for evaluating a youth program in Botswana, such as adjusting questions for younger participants and capturing complex outcomes.
3) Lessons learned about facilitating REM, including the need for extensive training, tailoring the method to the population, and allowing time for discussion to fully explore outcomes
This document discusses the development of indicators to measure the performance of community-based HIV programs. It describes an extensive consultation process involving organizations like PEPFAR and the Global Fund. Field tests were conducted in Vietnam and Kenya to evaluate proposed indicators and make recommendations. The final indicators focus on prevention services, prevention materials, care services, and testing and linkages. The indicators are intended to track services at the community level and fill gaps in understanding community programs.
Measuring National M&E System Strengthening in Nigeria: Application of the Mo...MEASURE Evaluation
This document summarizes a study that used the Most Significant Change technique to measure strengthening of Nigeria's national M&E system from 2007-2012. Key stakeholders identified several most significant changes, including the harmonization of indicators to improve reporting, improved data quality through training, states now analyzing and using data, and the evolution of paper-based information systems to an integrated electronic system. These most significant changes were then verified through interviews and workshops to understand how the M&E system in Nigeria was strengthened over that period.
Building M&E capacity in community-based HIV programs in Tanzania: From diagn...MEASURE Evaluation
The document summarizes efforts to build monitoring and evaluation (M&E) capacity in community-based HIV programs in Tanzania. It found that existing M&E systems were inadequate and data quality was poor. A new approach was developed using data quality assessments and community tracing of beneficiaries to identify weaknesses and improve M&E skills through tailored training. This led to measurable improvements in M&E plans, performance, and data quality. However, fully transitioning capacity building to local organizations remained a challenge.
Tony O'Connor: Integrating Marketing Data into Decision Making, 30 June 2014Nuffield Trust
Integrating data into decision making can lead to more efficient resource use by delivering more targeted, patient-centered care and reducing hospital admissions. However, the evidence for cost reduction is mixed due to the complex nature of integration and difficulties attributing effects. Studies find the most important factors for successful integration are simplifying interactions through single assessments, co-locating services, and maximizing each patient contact with a single point of contact. To better evaluate integration, agreed definitions, standardized metrics, clarity on success measures, robust methods, and patient-centered data collection are needed.
Addressing Complexity in the Impact Evaluation of the Cross-Border Health Int...MEASURE Evaluation
This document discusses evaluating the Cross-Border Health Integrated Partnership Project (CB-HIPP) in East Africa. CB-HIPP aims to improve access to quality health services and outcomes in cross-border areas. The evaluation will measure health outcomes in intervention and comparison sites at baseline and over time to quantify CB-HIPP's impact. Addressing the evaluation's complexity involves collecting data from multiple sources, measuring a broad range of outcomes, and using an appropriate analytic method like difference-in-differences to account for background trends.
The document discusses assessing and improving community health worker (CHW) programs using the CHW AIM (Assess, Improve, Measure) toolkit. The toolkit includes a functionality matrix to assess CHW program design and implementation, intervention matrices to assess specific health services, and guides participants through a workshop process to conduct assessments, identify strengths and challenges, validate scores, and develop action plans for improvement. The goal is to provide a standardized yet adaptable approach to strengthening CHW programs globally.
Beyond Indicators and Reporting: M&E as a Systems Strengthening InterventionMEASURE Evaluation
This document discusses monitoring and evaluation (M&E) systems and their importance in strengthening health systems. It notes that while demand for M&E is increasing, many country systems remain weak. Progress has been made in harmonizing indicators and developing tools and guidelines. Case studies from Jamaica and Cote d'Ivoire show how focused efforts to strengthen M&E systems can improve data quality and use over time. Building strong M&E requires addressing technical, organizational and behavioral factors and is a long-term intervention that needs sustained investment.
Measuring and Evaluating Reproductive Health Initiatives MEASURE Evaluation
This presentation provides an overview of the process of updating the Compendium of Indicators for Evaluating Reproductive Health Programs and what the final product will include.
(2014) Standards Implementation and Systems Change: Results of a Survey of On...Dr. Chiachen Cheng
This survey of Ontario's Early Psychosis Intervention programs found that while most programs are actively implementing supportive practices outlined in the Early Psychosis Intervention Program Standards, some areas need more support. Training and use of data to monitor quality and improve care were seen as most challenging. Networks were perceived as helpful, especially for smaller programs. Administrative supports for implementation varied between programs and may affect sustainability. Next steps include stakeholder consultation to plan further support projects.
Building Skills to Advocate for Change with Health DataMEASURE Evaluation
The document summarizes a workshop on building skills to advocate for change using health data. The workshop covered developing advocacy strategies, identifying target audiences, crafting messages, selecting communication channels, and assessing the impact of advocacy efforts. Attendees participated in activities to develop an advocacy strategy and elevator speech for a health issue. The goal was to help participants learn how to use data to directly and indirectly influence decision makers and support policies.
I gave this talk at a Nigeria Health Summit in March 2016. It was an introduction to impact evaluation: what it is, when it's a good idea, and some possible approaches.
Understanding Why, When, and What it Will Take to do Operations and/or Implem...CORE Group
Here are some issues with the objectives and research questions:
- The objectives are not specific enough and focus more on methods rather than the purpose of the research.
- The questions make assumptions that community beliefs are "wrong" rather than trying to understand perspectives.
- Questions 1.1 and 1.2 for the formative research objective are too leading and specific rather than open-ended to understand barriers.
- Objective 2 aims to "prove" effectiveness rather than objectively measure impact, and the questions only measure outcomes rather than factors influencing them.
The objectives and questions should be more open-ended, focus on understanding rather than proving assumptions, and aim to inform program improvement rather than prove effectiveness.
Strategic Review: Towards a Grand Convergence for Child Survival and HealthCORE Group
This document summarizes a strategic review of options for improving integrated management of newborn and childhood illness (IMNCI) going forward. The review draws on data from over 90 countries and hundreds of experts. Key findings are: 1) While IMNCI has helped transform child health services, interest and funding have declined and scale-up was rarely achieved; 2) To achieve ambitious new child mortality targets, health systems must be strengthened and universal health coverage ensured; 3) The review proposes renewing focus and action on IMNCI through a "Grand Convergence" to end preventable child deaths, supported by domestic and international financing. The goal is high quality care across home, community and health facilities as part of reproductive, maternal
The Normative Dimensions of SBC as Part of a Community Action Cycle SUSAN IGRASCORE Group
The document summarizes a social network intervention in Benin aimed at reducing unmet need for family planning by addressing social norms. It describes the intervention's goal of using influential community members and groups to start reflective discussions about family planning. Evaluation results found increased discussion of and support for family planning among social networks, as well as greater method use and meeting of need in the intervention areas compared to control areas. The intervention is presented as a potentially scalable approach to fostering social norm change through community engagement and diffusion of ideas.
Civil Society Engagement Practical Country Platform Solutions to Reach Every ...CORE Group
The document discusses a Zika virus collaboration between civil society organizations. It notes that Zika is a public health emergency that requires a coordinated response due to limited resources. The collaboration includes weekly calls between organizations, webinars to share information, and discussions of country-level interventions. For example, in Guatemala organizations convened to analyze needs, identify existing response activities, and coordinate efforts to avoid duplication. The collaboration aims to align priorities, share information, and magnify their voice through multi-level coordination between global, regional, local and national organizations.
Developing Ministry Capacity and Partnerships for Sustainability and Scale MO...CORE Group
This document summarizes a USAID-funded maternal and child survival project in rural Ghana and discusses partnerships for sustainability and scale. [1] It found high rates of maternal and child mortality at baseline due to poor uptake of health services and low government capacity. [2] The project partnered closely with Ghana Health Services at multiple levels to jointly implement activities, monitor outcomes, and strengthen local systems. [3] This led to significant improvements in maternal and child health indicators, as well as mechanisms to sustain and expand the work to additional districts in Ghana.
The document provides information about an orientation for the CORE Group Polio Project 2016 conference. It includes introductions and details about CORE Group's vision, mission, values, structure including working groups and membership. The membership section outlines the types of members, requirements, benefits and application process. Working groups are also listed with their co-chairs. Finally there is information about a knowledge cafe session at the conference.
USAID/MCSP Report: Mapping Global Leadership in Child HealthCORE Group
This document summarizes a report on mapping global leadership in child health. It finds that while child health remains important, it does not currently have a prominent position or sufficient commitment to meaningfully advance the agenda to reach 2030 goals. Leadership is lacking and the field is fragmented. However, the post-MDG period provides an opportunity to strengthen leadership, refocus the agenda, and improve coordination to enhance progress. Key recommendations include reframing child health, re-establishing leadership, reversing fragmentation, improving data and accountability, and focusing on country leadership and ownership.
Social Drivers of the HIV and AIDS Epidemic_EkpoCORE Group
The assessment sought to understand the drivers of HIV among public sector workers in Uganda. It found that key drivers included having multiple sexual partners, especially among male immigration workers, limited condom use, risk perception and non-disclosure of HIV status. Transactional and cross-generational sex were also drivers. Alcohol and drug use enabled risky sexual behavior. Unique challenges for this group included staff transfers separating families and poor housing conditions requiring co-habitation. Tailored interventions are needed addressing these social drivers and challenges.
This document summarizes several presentations from the CORE Group Spring Meeting in 2015 on using small, real-time data for program improvement. It discusses pilots in Kenya that improved maternal and newborn health recordkeeping to inform training and services. It describes using Care Group volunteers to regularly report births, deaths, and indicators to monitor coverage and mortality. Other examples showed using real-time family planning data from conflict areas to guide supervision and priorities. Real-time data was also used by the CORE Group Polio Project in India to track vaccination and plan intensified activities in high-risk areas.
Comprehensive Multi-Dimensional Programming for Nutrition IntroductionCORE Group
Undernutrition has serious consequences, including 45% of deaths in children under 5 and permanent physical and cognitive impairments that reduce productivity and earnings as adults. It is caused by direct factors like inadequate food intake or disease, as well as underlying issues like poverty, lack of education, and poor sanitation. A complex problem, undernutrition requires comprehensive multi-dimensional programming for nutrition to adequately address its causes and consequences.
Equity and Nutrition Through Agriculture_Quisumbing_5.10.11CORE Group
This document summarizes a study evaluating the long-term impacts of agricultural technologies in Bangladesh. It finds:
1. Agricultural technologies like vegetable and fish farming can improve nutrition by increasing micronutrient supplies and incomes, but impacts depend on implementation.
2. A 10-year follow up found individual fishpond technologies significantly increased household consumption and assets, while group technologies had smaller impacts.
3. Nutrition improved most where technologies engaged women's groups, indicating the importance of intrahousehold dynamics.
4. A new project will evaluate gender gaps in asset control from agricultural projects to identify best practices for benefiting both women and men.
The document provides an overview of the Link NCA methodology, which is a structured and participatory study used to understand the causes of undernutrition in a local context. The methodology involves a 5-step process: 1) preparatory phase, 2) identifying risk factors and pathways, 3) community surveys, 4) synthesizing results and building consensus, and 5) communicating results and planning responses. The goal is to develop multi-sector interventions and programs to prevent undernutrition by understanding its main pathways and risk factors in a given area. Since 2010, over 15 Link NCA studies have been conducted globally to identify the most appropriate nutrition-sensitive responses.
Civil Society Engagement Practical Country Platform Solutions to Reach Every ...CORE Group
This document discusses strengthening community health ecosystems. It outlines a 5-step process:
1. Set target health outcomes
2. Understand existing community health components and how they currently deliver outcomes
3. Diagnose priorities by identifying bottlenecks in the current ecosystem and required domains of action (agency, access, resources)
4. Develop or strengthen programs to address priorities
5. Implement, monitor, and evaluate programs, setting target outcomes
The overall framework conceptualizes community health as a system with various interacting components, both health-specific and health-enabling, that need to work together to serve community members. It provides a way to structure discussions and decision-making to foster continuous improvement of community health.
Multi-dimensional Programming The Rubik's Cube Challenge to Community Health ...CORE Group
The document discusses frameworks for conceptualizing community health programs. It notes that prior models like wheels, shapes and bubbles fail to fully capture the dynamics and relationships involved. The Rubik's Cube is presented as a metaphor for the multi-dimensional nature of community health. The document outlines a World Cafe discussion to explore experiences with successful and less successful community health programs. Participants will draw pictures and share to discuss what dimensions contributed to or hindered outcomes. The goal is to better understand how to envision the multiple interconnected components involved in holistic community health. A panel will then provide perspectives from different community health actors.
Keynote: Keeping the Complexities of Multidimensional Nutrition Strategies Si...CORE Group
This document summarizes the CORE Group's multi-dimensional approaches to nutrition from their perspective. It discusses how malnutrition has historically been a silent crisis, but that a revolution began in 2008 with publications highlighting the broken global nutrition system. Since then, funding and commitments to addressing undernutrition have increased, though more work remains to be done to scale proven interventions. The document outlines the CORE Group's strategy, which takes a multi-pronged approach including increasing understanding of nutrition determinants; introducing and testing new solutions; improving data, analytics and evidence; enhancing advocacy, policy and alignment; and integrating nutrition and food systems. The overarching goal is for all women and children to have the nutrition they need for healthy, productive lives
Urbanization and Health: Oxymoron or Opportunity? - Janine SchooleyCORE Group
The document discusses rapid urbanization trends and challenges. By 2050, 70% of the world's population will live in urban areas, with megacities of over 10 million people increasing from 14 to 29 in the last 20 years. Challenges of urbanization include changes to family structures, the rise of slums and informal settlements, difficulties providing adequate services, and increased climate and health risks. However, urbanization also brings opportunities like improved innovation, employment, and quality of life if cities deploy technology effectively. The document then describes Barrio Mio, an initiative in Guatemala that uses mapping, data collection, and community partnerships to design inclusive, participatory urban plans focused on health, risk reduction, and empowerment
Michelle Carvalho and colleagues presented on using mini-grants and technical assistance to disseminate evidence-based programs in rural Georgia communities. They provided mini-grants of up to $4000 and technical assistance to 12 community organizations to implement nutrition or physical activity programs. Process evaluation found that while some core program elements were adapted, overall fidelity was high. Contextual factors like scheduling and recruitment challenges influenced implementation. Ongoing training and technical assistance shows promise for supporting communities to adopt evidence-based programs.
Functionality Matrix for Optimizing Community Health Programs.pdfssuser234f9e
- The Community Health Worker Assessment and Improvement Matrix (CHW AIM) has been updated by USAID, UNICEF, the Community Health Impact Coalition, and Initiatives Inc. to incorporate the latest evidence on effective CHW program design and implementation.
- The updated CHW AIM tool includes a Program Functionality Matrix that assesses CHW programs across 10 components of CHW program design and implementation. Users can score their CHW program's level of functionality for each component on a scale of 1 to 4.
- The CHW AIM tool is intended to help stakeholders like ministries of health, NGOs, and international organizations identify gaps in CHW program design and implementation in order to guide
The document discusses the CHW AIM Toolkit, which provides guidance, tools and resources to strengthen community health worker programs. It has been field tested in several countries. The toolkit includes matrices and tools to assess 12 components of CHW program functionality. Results from 19 programs showed average scores below 3, indicating most programs need strengthening. An operations research study is underway to test if applying the toolkit improves CHW performance. A Community of Practice website (CHWCentral.org) was also launched to facilitate information sharing between CHW programs.
This document provides an overview and agenda for training modules on monitoring and evaluation of Population, Health and Environment (PHE) programs. It outlines 7 training modules that cover topics such as conceptual and logic model frameworks, indicators, evaluation design, and more. The target audience is staff involved in monitoring and evaluation of integrated PHE programs. The objectives are to increase understanding of monitoring and evaluation approaches for PHE programs and to gain experience designing M&E plans for such programs. Learning methods include lectures, exercises, small group work and presentations.
2006 Overview Of Bridging Programs In Ontario (First Ever Review)Nikhat Rasheed
The document summarizes exploratory research on bridge training programs for immigrants with professional backgrounds in Ontario. It finds that while the goals of the programs are to help immigrants gain licensure or integrate into the labor market, there are disconnects between stakeholders and the programs do not significantly achieve these goals. The research recommends reworking bridge training programs and policies to be more equitable and meet the needs of all stakeholders, including immigrants.
This document outlines a program evaluation for a transitional care program. It discusses using a mixed methods approach, gathering both quantitative and qualitative data to evaluate the program. The data will be analyzed and used to develop recommendations to improve or continue the program. Interviews, surveys, and focus groups will provide information on how well the program is operating and its level of success. The evaluation findings will be used by various stakeholders to refine strategies and guide effective service delivery.
Running head DELIVERABLES AND CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS 1 .docxtodd271
Running head: DELIVERABLES AND CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS 1
Deliverables and Critical Success Factors
Chamberlain College of Nursing
Student Name here
NR 631: Nurse Executive Concluding Graduate Experience
September/October 2018
DELIVERABLES AND CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS 2
Deliverables and Critical Success Factors
Project deliverables and critical success factors (CSF’s) play an important role to
successful project management. Following a large number of hospital acquired pressure injuries
(HAPI) (Stage 2 or greater) acquired by patients while in the care of one of the units within the
Critical Care Division (Medical Intensive Care Unit, Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Cardiac
Intermediate Care Unit, or Neuro-Trauma Intermediate Care Unit) during the preceding fiscal
year – a decision to implement HRO (high-reliability) principles in conjunction with traditional
HAPI prevention strategies as a strategy to reduce HAPI was made.
HAPI’s can be a source of discomfort, pain, and altered body image for a patient. HAPI
development can negatively impact patient experience. Some studies estimate that the
prevalence of HAPI development within Critical Care could be as high as 43% (Krapfl, Langin,
Pike, & Pezzella, 2017). HAPI development within Critical Care can be extremely costly – costs
which will not be reimbursed by Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) (Boyle,
Bergquist-Beringer, & Cramer, 2017). Most HAPI’s are highly preventable and as clinicians -we
have an ethical and moral responsibility to prevent harm to our patients. In the paper below,
discussion surrounding project deliverables, critical success factors (CSF’s), and summarized
conclusion will be provided.
Project Deliverables
Project deliverables, for the HAPI prevention plan utilizing HRO principles in critical
care, include the following: scope statement, project charter, literature review, formal
communication plan, and critical success factors plan. The scope statement is developed at the
start of project planning; however, should be continuously reviewed and updated as
applicable. This is a crucial document for project planning and provides a comprehensive
DELIVERABLES AND CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS 3
outline of the project including project objectives, justification, implementation plan, resources
needed, project timeline, and measures of success (project goals/expected outcomes). Successful
resource planning, as detailed within a project scope statement, can be evaluated through
teamwork, organizational culture/receptivity to change, leadership support, development of
business plan/project vision, effective communication, and identification of project champions
(Orouji, 2016). These aspects can be measure through surveys (pre and post project) as well as
through organizational culture of safety surveys and employee engagement/satisfaction
surveys. Ad.
Myanmar Strategic Purchasing 5: Continuous Learning and Problem SolvingHFG Project
This is the fifth in a series of briefs examining practical considerations in the design and implementation of a strategic purchasing pilot project among private general practitioners (GPs) in Myanmar. This pilot aims to start developing the important functions of, and provide valuable lessons around, contracting of health providers and purchasing that will contribute to the broader health financing agenda. More specifically, it is introducing a blended payment system that mixes capitation payments and performance-based incentives to reduce households’ out-of-pocket spending and incentivize providers to deliver an essential package of primary care services.
CHAPTER SIXTEENUnderstanding Context Evaluation and MeasuremeJinElias52
CHAPTER SIXTEEN
Understanding Context: Evaluation and Measurement in Not-for-Profit Sectors
Dale C. Brandenburg
Many individuals associated with community agencies, health care, public workforce development, and similar not-for-profit organizations view program evaluation akin to a visit to the dentist’s office. It’s painful, but at some point it cannot be avoided. A major reason for this perspective is that evaluation is seen as taking money away from program activities that perform good for others, that is, intruding on valuable resources that are intended for delivering the “real” services of the organization (Kopczynski & Pritchard, 2004). A major reason for this logic is that since there are limited funds available to serve the public good, why must a portion of program delivery be allocated to something other than serving people in need? This is not an unreasonable point and one that program managers in not-for-profits face on a continuing basis.
The focus of evaluation in not-for-profit organization has shifted in recent years from administrative data to outcome measurement, impact evaluation, and sustainability (Aspen Institute, 2000), thus a shift from short-term to long-term effects of interventions. Evaluators in the not-for-profit sector view their world as the combination of technical knowledge, communication skills, and political savvy that can make or break the utility and value of the program under consideration. Evaluation in not-for-profit settings tends to value the importance of teamwork, collaboration, and generally working together. This chapter is meant to provide a glimpse at a minor portion of the evaluation efforts that take place in the not-for-profit sector. It excludes, for example, the efforts in public education, but does provide some context for workforce development efforts.
CONTRAST OF CONTEXTS
Evaluation in not-for-profit settings tends to have different criteria for the judgment of its worth than is typically found in corporate and similar settings. Such criteria are likely to include the following:
How useful is the evaluation?
Is the evaluation feasible and practical?
Does the evaluation hold high ethical principles?
Does the evaluation measure the right things, and is it accurate?
Using criteria such as the above seems a far cry from concepts of return on investment that are of vital importance in the profit sector. Even the cause of transfer of training can sometimes be of secondary importance to assuring that the program is described accurately. Another difference is the pressure of time. Programs offered by not-for-profit organizations, such as an alcohol recovery program, take a long time to see the effects and, by the time results are viewable, the organization has moved on to the next program. Instead we often see that evaluation is relegated to measuring the countable, the numbers of people who have completed the program, rather than the life-changing impact that decreased alcohol abuse has on ...
SOCW 6311 wk 11 discussion 1 peer responses
Respond
to
at least two
colleagues’ by doing the following:
Respond to at least two colleagues by offering critiques of their analyses. Identify strengths in their analyses and strategies for presenting evaluation results to others.
Identify ways your colleagues might improve their presentations.
Identify potential needs or questions of the audience that they may not have considered.
Provide an additional strategy for overcoming the obstacles or challenges in communicating the content of the evaluation reports.
Name first and references after every person
Instructor wants lay out like this:
Respond to at least two colleagues ( 2 peers posts are provided) by doing all of the following:
Identify strengths of your colleagues’ analyses and areas in which the analyses could be improved.
Your response
Address his or her evaluation of the efficacy and applicability of the evidence-based practice,
Your response
[Evaluate] his or her identification of factors that could support or hinder the implementation of the evidence-based practice,
Your response
And [evaluate] his or her solution for mitigating those factors.
Your response
Offer additional insight to your colleagues by either identifying additional factors that may support or limit implementation of the evidence-based practice or an alternative solution for mitigating one of the limitations that your colleagues identified.
Your response
References
Your response
Peer 1: McKenna Bull
RE: Katie Otte Initial Post-Discussion 1 - Week 11
COLLAPSE
Top of Form
Identify strengths in their analyses and strategies for presenting evaluation results to others.
You provided an insightful analysis of this particular process evaluation, and it seems that you were able to design a comprehensive presentation guideline. I agree with your tactic to break the presentation up into categories, and the categories you have selected seem to address the major components of the program, the evaluation itself, and the findings of said evaluation. You also provided a great analysis and summary of the PATHS program. The purpose of the program is clear, and the overarching purpose of the evaluation was made clear in your synopsis as well.
Identify ways your colleagues might improve their presentations.
You addressed outcome measures very well, however, there may have been some lacking information in regards to overall evaluation methods as a whole. Addressing factors such as who was collecting the data, how they were trained, how their training or standing could limit potential bias, and similar information. This may be an important piece of information that could help to provide audience members with a better understanding of the evaluation processes as a whole.
Identify potential needs or questions of the audience that they may not have considered.
As mentioned by Law and Shek (2011), this program was designed and facilitated in Hong Kong, Chi.
Practical Guidance for Incorporating Health Equity Learning_Jennifer Winestoc...CORE Group
This document outlines guidance from the Maternal and Child Health Integrated Program (MCHIP) for incorporating health equity considerations into program design. It defines health equity and describes a 6-step process and checklist to help programs 1) understand equity issues in their area, 2) identify disadvantaged groups, 3) decide on strategies, 4) set goals, 5) implement activities, and 6) monitor equity-focused indicators. Examples are provided from MCHIP country programs. The guidance was created to ensure equity is systematically addressed and improvements can be demonstrated. Attendees then participated in an exercise to apply the guidance to their own country programs.
Case management versus M&E in the context of OVC programs: What have we learned?MEASURE Evaluation
This document discusses case management tools used in OVC programs and the Child Status Index tool in particular. It provides an overview of what case management tools are, their purpose, and examples of tools used. It then summarizes findings from a study that assessed how programs implement and use the Child Status Index tool. The study found that while the tool is useful, it is implemented inconsistently and data is rarely used at the local level. The document discusses appropriate and inappropriate uses of the tool and outlines key questions around whether and how case management tools improve care decisions.
Day 3: Suresh Babu, IFPRI: “Measurement of Policy Process—What Role for Indicators and Indices?”
Workshop on Approaches and Methods for Policy Process Research, co-sponsored by the CGIAR Research Programs on Policies, Institutions and Markets (PIM) and Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH) at IFPRI-Washington DC, November 18-20, 2013.
The document discusses primary healthcare (PHC) models and their associated outcomes based on various studies. It identifies 4 common PHC models from industrialized countries - professional, community, professional coordination, and professional contact models. A study in Quebec identified 6 PHC organization models. Different models are associated with varying effects on outcomes like quality, responsiveness, equity, accessibility, and continuity. No single model performs best or worst on all outcomes. Combining elements of different models may achieve desired effects.
CORE Group Fall Meeting 2010. Using Collaborative Improvement to Achieve Quality Care for Vulnerable Children in Ethiopia. - Nicole Richardson, Save the Children USA
Considerations For Incorporating Health Equity in Project Design_Luna_5.12.11CORE Group
This document discusses considerations for incorporating health equity into project designs. It presents a six-step process to systematically ensure equity is addressed in project designs and improvements can be demonstrated. The steps include: understanding local equity issues; identifying disadvantaged groups; deciding what is feasible to change; defining equity goals and objectives; determining equity strategies and activities; and developing equity-focused monitoring and evaluation. The guidance is meant to guide community health projects in taking equity into account, but is not prescriptive. It also defines health equity and provides assumptions about addressing inequities. Feedback from project implementers is sought to improve the guidance.
This presentation was given at the International Family Planning conference in Kampala, Uganda in November 2009 by IRH Georgetown and the Extending Service Delivery (ESD) Project.
Challenges & solutions for or research_florence nyangara_10.13.11CORE Group
The document discusses challenges and solutions for operations research (OR) in community-oriented health programs. It provides an overview of OR studies conducted by the Child Survival and Health Grants Program/Innovation program. Seventeen grantees are implementing OR to identify and test innovative strategies for overcoming implementation challenges of maternal, newborn and child health interventions in low-resource settings. Common questions from NGOs regarding OR include what to propose, where to start, how results will be used, managing staff turnover with limited funds, and whether a formative phase or research partner is needed.
Presentation_Behar - Private Public Partnerships and CKDuCORE Group
The document summarizes statistics and information about the sugarcane agribusiness in Mexico, including:
- It produced over 6 million tons of sugar in 2017/2018 and generated nearly 500,000 direct jobs.
- It has a complex supply chain involving sugarcane suppliers, mills, transportation, and the food industry.
- It has a legal framework including laws governing sustainable development of sugarcane and labor relations in mills.
- The government has a National Sugarcane Agribusiness Program to increase productivity and competitiveness.
Presentation_World Vision - Private Public Partnerships and CKDuCORE Group
The Fields of Hope project by World Vision Mexico seeks to prevent and reduce child labor in the sugarcane and coffee sectors in the states of Veracruz and Oaxaca. It aims to benefit 1,520 children at risk of or engaged in child labor across 24 communities and 4 municipalities. The project takes an integral approach through advocacy, collaboration with the private sector, and sensitizing communities and workers, while also promoting access to education.
Presentation_Wesseling - Private Public Partnerships and CKDuCORE Group
This document discusses the epidemic of chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) affecting agricultural workers along the Pacific coast of Central America. It provides evidence that the disease has an occupational etiology related to heat stress and dehydration experienced by sugarcane and other field workers. Studies show physiological changes in workers consistent with heat stress and dehydration across work shifts. Longitudinal studies find declines in kidney function over harvest seasons among heat-exposed occupations. Intervention studies reducing heat stress through water, rest, and shade have shown reduced declines in kidney function. While some non-occupational factors may also contribute, the evidence strongly suggests that prolonged occupational heat stress is a primary driver of the CKDu epidemic.
Presentation_NCDs - Private Public Partnerships and CKDuCORE Group
Non-communicable diseases like cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease, and diabetes are leading causes of death and disability globally but receive little focus from global health initiatives. While communicable diseases have declined in recent decades, deaths from non-communicable diseases have increased and pose growing health and economic challenges as treatments remain limited. Experts call for greater prioritization and resources for non-communicable diseases on the global health agenda.
Presentation_HRH2030 - Opportunities to optimize and integrate CHWCORE Group
This document summarizes a conference session on integrating and optimizing community health workers (CHWs) in health systems from global and local perspectives. The session included a fishbowl-style debate where attendees were invited to discuss questions about implementing the WHO CHW Guideline recommendations, important partnerships for training CHWs, priorities for managing and supporting newly recognized CHWs, considerations for optimizing the role of CHWs, and innovations needed to shape and sustain CHWs' roles by 2030.
Presentation_Save the Children - Building Partnerships to Provide Nurturing CareCORE Group
This document discusses the experiences of a mother giving birth to a preemie baby named Becky at 30 weeks gestation. Some key points include:
- Becky spent time in the NICU and the mother felt her discharge was rushed, leaving her unprepared to deal with feeding and breathing issues at home.
- Becky faced various developmental issues over time, including low muscle tone, sensory processing disorder, autism, ADHD, and scoliosis.
- The mother advocates for increased support for preemie babies and their families, including more parent education, counseling, early intervention services, and IEP supports over time.
Presentation_Video - Building Partnerships to provide nurturing careCORE Group
This 4 minute video provides an overview of the key events in the history of the United States from 1492 to the early 2000s. It touches on major milestones like the founding of colonies, the American Revolution, westward expansion, the Civil War, industrialization, both World Wars, the Cold War, and events of the early 21st century. The video presents a high-level chronological summary of major political, economic and social developments that shaped America over the past 500+ years.
Presentation_Perez - Building Partnerships to provide nurturing careCORE Group
This document provides information on empowering health workers and caregivers to deliver therapeutic early childhood development care at home. It discusses how 90% of brain development occurs before age 5 and the importance of nurturing care for young children. The document outlines capacity development for parents and caregivers, including guidance on conducting activities that integrate motor, social-emotional, and therapeutic skills into daily routines. It also stresses the importance of addressing caregiver stress and depression through psychosocial support groups to promote child development.
Presentation_Robb-McCord - Building Partnerships to provide nurturing careCORE Group
The document summarizes key points from a CORE Group meeting on nurturing care for preterm newborns. It discusses how nurturing care involves providing a stable, sensitive environment that meets children's health needs from birth to 3 years. The evidence review examines interventions like skin-to-skin contact, breastfeeding, managing pain and stress, sleep protection and stimulation. Country case studies from both high and low income nations are also being conducted to understand policies and guidelines supporting nurturing care concepts.
Presentation_Discussion - Norms Shifting InterventionsCORE Group
Participants in a small group discussed how to integrate norms-shifting interventions into current projects and programs. They considered what new partnerships would be needed when working to shift social norms and what evidence of the effectiveness of norms-shifting interventions should be collected, for whom, and how.
Presentation_Krieger - Norms Shifting InterventionsCORE Group
The document discusses the origins and theories of social norms. It notes that early theorists like Durkheim, Weber, and Ogburn contributed to understanding where norms come from and how they guide behavior. Parsons further explored how members of society are socialized to norms. Later, feminist anthropologists studied norms and social control, especially regarding gender. The document contrasts philosophical, psychological, and anthropological approaches to studying norms and culture. It argues that knowledge of cultural norms can help reduce unexpected outcomes in social science and shift narratives to achieve behavior change. The example of the Albania Family Planning Project shows how understanding local norms was key to successfully promoting contraceptive use.
Presentation_NSI - Norms Shifting InterventionsCORE Group
This document discusses the key attributes of norms-shifting interventions. It identifies several attributes that make an intervention effective at shifting social norms, including seeking community-level change, engaging people at multiple levels, correcting misperceptions around harmful behaviors, confronting power imbalances related to gender, creating safe spaces for critical reflection, rooting the issue within community values, accurately assessing norms, using organized diffusion, and creating positive new norms. The document provides examples and explanations for each of these attributes.
Presentation_Igras - Norms Shifting InterventionsCORE Group
This document discusses using theory to inform the work of a learning collaborative (LC) on norms-shifting interventions for adolescent reproductive health. It outlines several relevant theories, including social norm and behavior change theory and communication and behavior change theories. It also discusses the value of "bottom-up" program change theory developed from implementation experience. The LC aims to facilitate collaboration between organizations, build knowledge, and develop shared tools to guide effective social norm measurement and practice at scale. By working collaboratively, the LC can take a more experimental approach in this nascent field while still being informed by relevant theories.
Presentation_Petraglia - Norms Shifting InterventionsCORE Group
This document discusses a constructivist perspective on norms and normative change. Some key points of constructivism are that knowledge is constructed through social interaction and prior experiences, and meaning is negotiated through language. Constructivism acknowledges that individuals belong to multiple reference groups and can choose which norms to follow in a given situation. Normative change interventions cannot directly manage or control norms, but may be able to influence them by facilitating dialogue, clarifying language, and encouraging ethical persuasion rather than direct attribution. Norms and beliefs are also difficult to accurately measure.
Presentation_Sprinkel - Norms Shifting InterventionsCORE Group
This presentation provides an overview of CARE's Tipping Point initiative which aims to address child, early and forced marriage in Nepal and Bangladesh through community programming and evidence generation. In Phase 1 from 2013-2017, the project worked with adolescents, parents and leaders in 16 districts across the two countries. Norms influencing child marriage include excluding girls' voices, controlling girls' sexuality, and perceptions of risks/benefits of marriage timing. Phase 2 implements a randomized control trial to generate evidence on effective gender transformative programming and the value of social norms approaches. Challenges included discussing sexuality while successes included girls gaining greater freedom and mobility.
Presentation_Tura - Norms Shifting InterventionsCORE Group
This document discusses the Care Group approach used in an intervention in Nepal from 2005-2010. It aimed to shift social norms around maternal and child health issues through community groups. Formative research identified key norms and barriers. Community groups engaged women to reflect critically and root issues in community values. Evaluations found sustained impact on behaviors like breastfeeding years later. Challenges included focusing directly on norm drivers and unrealistic community health worker workloads. Further research on accurate norm assessment and evidence-based norm-shifting is still needed.
Presentation_Sacher - Norms Shifting InterventionsCORE Group
This document summarizes Cristina Bicchieri's theory of social norms, which is grounded in philosophy, game theory, and psychology. The key aspects of the theory include conditional preferences that depend on social expectations, personal normative beliefs about what should be done, and expectations about what others in one's reference network do and think should be done. The implications for practice highlighted in the document include providing a theory of change, identifying the nature of norms to design appropriate interventions, and using data and illustrative vignettes to measure norms and guide social change programs.
Innovative Financing Mechanisms and Effective Management of Risk for Partners...CORE Group
The document summarizes the Utkrisht Development Impact Bond in India, which aims to improve quality of care in private maternity facilities. It discusses how impact bonds can mobilize private capital for development by lowering investment risk. The Utkrisht bond provides funds for accrediting 360-440 private facilities over 3 years. Facilities receive quality improvement support and investors are repaid based on the number of facilities accredited. Early lessons show facilities are motivated to improve if it grows their business and they receive support meeting standards. The bond also provides a framework for continuously improving the project and managing risks between partners.
Presentation_Multisectoral Partnerships and Innovations for Early Childhood D...CORE Group
This document summarizes a discussion on multi-sectoral partnerships and innovation for early childhood development. It was presented by several experts, including Dr. Maureen Black from RTI International, Dr. Joy Noel Baumgartner from Duke University, Mohammed Ali from Catholic Relief Services, Dr. Chessa Lutter from RTI International, and Dr. Erin Milner from USAID. The discussion covered topics like the importance of early childhood development, the Nurturing Care Framework, metrics and measures for childhood development, partnerships for early childhood programs, and challenges and next steps.
Presentation_Jurczynska - Catalyzing Investments in RMNCAH at the Community L...CORE Group
The document describes an evidence-based advocacy model called the Family Planning – Sustainable Development Goals (FP-SDGs) model. The model allows users to quantify the impacts of different family planning scenarios on 13 Sustainable Development Goal indicators out to 2030 or 2050. Users input baseline data and create three future scenarios capturing various levels of ambition for family planning and other socioeconomic factors. The model then projects population figures and calculates outcomes for the SDG indicators. Results can support advocacy efforts to increase funding and prioritization of family planning programs and policies. Examples of the model's use in Malawi, Tanzania, and West Africa demonstrate its ability to quantify potential development impacts of expanding access to voluntary family planning.
The biomechanics of running involves the study of the mechanical principles underlying running movements. It includes the analysis of the running gait cycle, which consists of the stance phase (foot contact to push-off) and the swing phase (foot lift-off to next contact). Key aspects include kinematics (joint angles and movements, stride length and frequency) and kinetics (forces involved in running, including ground reaction and muscle forces). Understanding these factors helps in improving running performance, optimizing technique, and preventing injuries.
The skin is the largest organ and its health plays a vital role among the other sense organs. The skin concerns like acne breakout, psoriasis, or anything similar along the lines, finding a qualified and experienced dermatologist becomes paramount.
Are you looking for a long-lasting solution to your missing tooth?
Dental implants are the most common type of method for replacing the missing tooth. Unlike dentures or bridges, implants are surgically placed in the jawbone. In layman’s terms, a dental implant is similar to the natural root of the tooth. It offers a stable foundation for the artificial tooth giving it the look, feel, and function similar to the natural tooth.
Discover the benefits of homeopathic medicine for irregular periods with our guide on 5 common remedies. Learn how these natural treatments can help regulate menstrual cycles and improve overall menstrual health.
Visit Us: https://drdeepikashomeopathy.com/service/irregular-periods-treatment/
Know the difference between Endodontics and Orthodontics.Gokuldas Hospital
Your smile is beautiful.
Let’s be honest. Maintaining that beautiful smile is not an easy task. It is more than brushing and flossing. Sometimes, you might encounter dental issues that need special dental care. These issues can range anywhere from misalignment of the jaw to pain in the root of teeth.
Nutritional deficiency Disorder are problems in india.
It is very important to learn about Indian child's nutritional parameters as well the Disease related to alteration in their Nutrition.
Giloy in Ayurveda - Classical Categorization and SynonymsPlanet Ayurveda
Giloy, also known as Guduchi or Amrita in classical Ayurvedic texts, is a revered herb renowned for its myriad health benefits. It is categorized as a Rasayana, meaning it has rejuvenating properties that enhance vitality and longevity. Giloy is celebrated for its ability to boost the immune system, detoxify the body, and promote overall wellness. Its anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antioxidant properties make it a staple in managing conditions like fever, diabetes, and stress. The versatility and efficacy of Giloy in supporting health naturally highlight its importance in Ayurveda. At Planet Ayurveda, we provide a comprehensive range of health services and 100% herbal supplements that harness the power of natural ingredients like Giloy. Our products are globally available and affordable, ensuring that everyone can benefit from the ancient wisdom of Ayurveda. If you or your loved ones are dealing with health issues, contact Planet Ayurveda at 01725214040 to book an online video consultation with our professional doctors. Let us help you achieve optimal health and wellness naturally.
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdfOsvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS result from the ingestion of pathogens that cause infections at the level of this tract, generally being transmitted by food, water and hands contaminated by microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Rotavirus among others that are generally contained in feces, thus configuring a FECAL-ORAL type of transmission.
Among the factors that lead to the occurrence of gastrointestinal infections are the hygienic and sanitary deficiencies that characterize our markets and other places where raw or cooked food is sold, poor environmental sanitation in communities, deficiencies in water treatment (or in the process of its plumbing), risky hygienic-sanitary habits (not washing hands after major and/or minor needs), among others.
These are generally consequences (signs and symptoms) resulting from gastrointestinal infections: diarrhea, vomiting, fever and malaise, among others.
The treatment consists of replacing lost liquids and electrolytes (drinking drinking water and other recommended liquids, including consumption of juicy fruits such as papayas, apples, pears, among others that contain water in their composition).
To prevent this, it is necessary to promote health education, improve the hygienic-sanitary conditions of markets and communities in general as a way of promoting, preserving and prolonging PUBLIC HEALTH.
Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
In addition to bacterial infections, gastritis and gastric ulcers are associated with several factors, with emphasis on prolonged fasting, chemical substances including drugs, alcohol, foods with strong seasonings including chilli, which ends up causing inflammation of the stomach walls and/or corrosion. of the same, resulting in the appearance of wounds and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
Among patients with gastritis and/or ulcers, one of the dilemmas is associated with the foods to consume in order to minimize the sensation of pain and discomfort.
Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapyDr. Sumit KUMAR
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
Nano-gold for Cancer Therapy chemistry investigatory projectSIVAVINAYAKPK
chemistry investigatory project
The development of nanogold-based cancer therapy could revolutionize oncology by providing a more targeted, less invasive treatment option. This project contributes to the growing body of research aimed at harnessing nanotechnology for medical applications, paving the way for future clinical trials and potential commercial applications.
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, prompting the need for innovative treatment methods. Nanotechnology offers promising new approaches, including the use of gold nanoparticles (nanogold) for targeted cancer therapy. Nanogold particles possess unique physical and chemical properties that make them suitable for drug delivery, imaging, and photothermal therapy.
STUDIES IN SUPPORT OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS: GERIATRICS E7shruti jagirdar
Unit 4: MRA 103T Regulatory affairs
This guideline is directed principally toward new Molecular Entities that are
likely to have significant use in the elderly, either because the disease intended
to be treated is characteristically a disease of aging ( e.g., Alzheimer's disease) or
because the population to be treated is known to include substantial numbers of
geriatric patients (e.g., hypertension).
1. Family Planning Integration: Overcoming Barriers to NGO Programming A Presentation of Preliminary Results from the CORE Group CBFP/MCH Integration Survey Paige Anderson Bowen, MPH CORE Group Consultant CORE Fall Meeting; September 15, 2010
2. Survey Objective To generate a set of recommendations directed to the CORE SMRH Working Group and USAID on information, tools and other publication resources, and guidance that is needed to mobilize and support organizations to integrate CBFP into community-focused MCH programs
15. Elements of Integration Elements of integration, as defined by respondents… Expanding access (11%): “To take the opportunity offered by a service already delivered, often in routine, to ‘’vehicle’’ the delivery of another new service.” Affordability (9%): “Collaboration and combination of all activities related to health promotion and diseases prevention to obtain optimum coverage and cost effectiveness.” Improving Quality (7%): “Incorporation of one element into another (FP into HIV, FP into MCH, HIV into FP etc) so that the resulting combination is an improved, more accessible service package for the user.”
16.
17. Less Effective Entry Points Sick child visits (53%): “When a child is sick, mothers are too upset to be able to understand or retain FP messages, plus the child is upset and likely crying - not a constructive environment for counseling.” PMTCT (71%): “PMTCT is primarily to ascertain pregnant mothers HIV status and ensure she can access appropriate services if HIV positive. FP should be discussed after HIV status is determined…” VCT/HCT (73%): “HIV/AIDS counseling and testing is usually a tense and stressful moment for many people. Adding in issues of FP may not be the most appropriate time.”
% of respondents including the element in their definition of “integration” is noted in parentheses. These %s were determined by a content analysis of all responses (n=46).
% of respondents including the element in their definition of “integration” is noted in parentheses. These %s were determined by a content analysis of all responses (n=46).
Of note, 100% of HQ respondents felt “CHWs trained in FP methods and counseling” and “Postpartum FP” are effective entry points for integration.Additional effective entry points suggested included:Nutrition and IYCF counselingPACFamily health promotion
Other barriers discussed by respondents included:Poor infrastructure limiting access to populationCulturalReligiousPoliticalLinked health products/services damaged due to assumption that all products/services are FP
These %s were determined by a content analysis of all responses (n=41). Only those suggestions with at least 4 responses (7%) included here.Interestingly, the resource predominantly requested by respondents is training resources, yet the main barriers to integration (clinical and health systems/policy) included commodity stock-outs and lack of budgeted government resources for CBFP. The requested resources does not match up with the identified barriers.
n=38#1 recommendation – increasing mandate for FP in program designs, e.g.FP integration included in RFAsA portion of a project budgeted earmarked for FPFP included in MCH, CS, and nutrition proposalsOther recommendations mentioned:-Support scale-up of CBFP-Be flexible/open to FP-Strengthen supply chains-Health systems strengthening
n=38#1 recommendation – increasing mandate for FP in program designs, e.g.FP integration included in RFAsA portion of a project budgeted earmarked for FPFP included in MCH, CS, and nutrition proposalsOther recommendations mentioned:-Strengthen local health systems-Train service providers/NGOs in integration-Be open/flexible to FP-Facilitate NGO/government collaboration-Scale up successful integration programs
n=38#1 recommendation – facilitating/sharing resources, e.g.Devote sessions (Elluminate, Spring/Fall Meeting) to integrationFacilitating experience sharing between countries and between NGOsDisseminate successful (and failed) models, lessons learned, tools, etcOther recommendations mentioned:-Pilot integration programs-Scale-up successful integration programs or strategies-Mobilize resources for integration-Coordinate/harmonize interventions
n=38Other recommendations mentioned:-Pilot integration programs to demonstrate feasibility-Scale-up successful integration programs or strategies-Coordinate with partners in-country to maximize resources-Promote integration internally – initiate dialogue, emphasize integration in mission, encourage project coordinationNote: Less than one-quarter of survey respondents have conducted any “implementation research” on FP