Session 5.2 Agroforestry Systems: Quantification of Tree Root Distribution and Biomass
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This document discusses using ground penetrating radar to study tree root distribution and biomass in agroforestry systems. It summarizes that ground penetrating radar allows non-intrusive study of the belowground portion of trees, which makes up 20-40% of tree biomass. The document outlines that the technique was used to estimate biomass, detect root distribution patterns, and study intraspecific and interspecific root plasticity across five tree species. Key findings included quantifying over 50 kg of coarse root biomass per tree and detecting distinct deep rooting patterns between species. The research helps understand carbon storage, nutrient acquisition, and intercropping functions supported by tree root systems in agroforestry.
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Poster aps2020 (sapkota, yub)
This study investigated the interface properties and magnetotransport characteristics of amorphous Boron nitride (BN) and Bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3) layered insulators grown with ferromagnetic Cobalt layers using magnetron sputtering. X-ray reflectivity measurements showed sharp interfaces with minimal diffusion for Co/BN/Co, while an unexpected interfacial layer was detected at the Co/Bi2Se3 interface, indicating interdiffusion. Transport measurements exhibited tunneling behavior and tunnel magnetoresistance for Co/BN/Co, but metallic conduction for Co/Bi2Se3/Co, likely due to interdiffusion impeding spintronic effects. The results suggest BN is better suited than
HERBARIUM OF Leaf of Manilkara zapota (Sapodilla)
1) The document describes the process of creating a herbarium specimen of the leaf of the Sapodilla tree (Manilkara zapota) as part of an environmental science course.
2) Key steps included selecting and collecting the leaf specimen from Magura, Bangladesh, allowing it to dry, attaching it to paper using a spatula and needle, adding labels, and sealing it in cellophane for preservation.
3) Challenges in the process included working in jungle areas with insects and animals, maintaining specimen alignment during drying and attachment, and handling dry fragile specimens. The project helped strengthen conceptual understanding of herbarium preparation.
Reversing soil degradation via phytoremediation techniques in an ex-tin mine ...
The Global Symposium on Soil Pollution #GSOP18 | 2 - 4 May 2018 | FAO Hq
Ms. Jeyanny Vijayanathan, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Malaysia
Fungal endophytes as priority colonizers initiating wood decomposition
1. The study tracked fungal communities as they transitioned from endophytes in living birch trees to saprophytes decomposing wood after tree death.
2. Birch stem sections were incubated in microcosms under controlled conditions, limiting colonization to existing endophytes or introducing additional fungi.
3. After 5 months of decomposition, communities were dominated by brown rot fungi that were originally present at low abundances as endophytes, matching the chemical signatures of brown rot decay in the wood residues.
M41037781
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
The Effects of Chemical Compositional Variability on Sustainable Applications...
The study aims to evaluate the chemical compositional variability within the male and female Borassus aethiopum trunks to ascertain their influences and possible applications. The specimens for the study were prepared from the radial and axial portions and extracted with a Soxhlet apparatus. The varieties were analyzed for the hot water, ash content, 1% NaOH, alcohol-acetone extracts, lignin, and α-cellulose. The total extractives, lignin, and α-cellulose decreased consistently from the peripheries to the cores, unlike the ash content. Thus, total extractive decreased from 4.41 to 1.83% and 3.25 to 1.18% for the male and female, lignin from 36.88 to 29.06% and 39.53 to 28.60%, α–cellulose: 40.09 to 28.02% and 37.01 to 24.40% respectively but the ash content increased from 0.65 to 3.39%, 0.85 to 5.64% for the male and female respectively. There were significant differences along the boles for the total extractives, lignin, and α-cellulose unlike the ash content at the peripheral portions. From the results, the peripheries possess the potentials to resist moisture permeability, biodegradation, enhance mechanical properties, dimensional stability, and other wood qualities positively for commercial utilization than the cores. This will enhance the sustainability of forest biodiversity by limiting the pressure on the primary wood species.
Teaching Forest Stand Dynamics
This presentation provides an overview of a field-based practical exercise that allows students in forestry, ecology and natural resources to develop their understanding of forest stand dynamics. The exercise involves measurement of key tree growth parameters in four even-aged, single-species plantation stands of different age but occupying sites with similar soil and environmental characteristics. The selected stands represent key stages in stand development, from establishment to rotation age for fibre production. In the field, students work in small teams to gather data from an equal number of plots within each stand. Tree parameters include top height, crown diameter, live crown ratio and diameter at breast height. In addition, information on stand density and understorey vegetation is collected. Plot size and number can be varied to suit the constraints of class size and available time, though circular plots of 100 m2 are recommended. In the classroom, data are pooled and analysis focuses on presenting tree and vegetation changes through time. The simplest way of interpreting the data is to prepare graphs and charts for each of the parameters, though more advanced statistical interpretations are possible. The project as outlined here can be modified to meet the needs of different groups, and has been successfully used in undergraduate teaching of silviculture and forest ecology, as well as in postgraduate courses in natural resources management.
Download Paper at URL: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/254307252_The_development_of_even-aged_plantation_forests_an_exercise_in_forest_stand_dynamics
H0352046053
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Quantitative analysis of a forest fragment in olokemeji forest reserve, nigeria
This summary analyzes a quantitative study of a forest fragment in Olokemeji Forest Reserve in Nigeria. 80 trees from 19 species were sampled using the point-centered quarter method. The three most dominant species based on importance values were Manilkara obovata, Senna siamea, and Anogeissus lieocarpus. The dominance of just a few species indicates the forest fragment has an early successional status with low diversity.
What's hot (18)
Mycorrhizal presentation, Megan McLin, Hubbard Brook REU talks
Mycorrhizal presentation, Megan McLin, Hubbard Brook REU talks
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Root foraging for apatite is influenced by N and P availability
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Autecology of Impatients parviflora DC. in natural forest communities
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Reversing soil degradation via phytoremediation techniques in an ex-tin mine ...
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Fungal endophytes as priority colonizers initiating wood decomposition
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The Effects of Chemical Compositional Variability on Sustainable Applications...
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Similar to Session 5.2 Agroforestry Systems: Quantification of Tree Root Distribution and Biomass
Session 5.2 Quantification of tree root distribution and biomass
This document summarizes research using ground penetrating radar to study tree root distribution and biomass in agroforestry systems. The research aims to non-intrusively quantify belowground tree biomass, detect root distribution patterns, and examine intraspecific and interspecific root plasticity across tree species. Results show that ground penetrating radar can accurately estimate tree root biomass and detect coarse root distributions down to 1 meter deep. Studies find distinct rooting patterns between tree species and plasticity in rooting depth and distribution within species. The research has implications for carbon storage estimates, nutrient acquisition zones, and intercropping system design based on tree root function.
Evaluation_Soil_Properties_Different_Forests_Mid_Hills_Himachal_Himalayas.pdf
Evaluation_Soil_Properties_Different_Forests_Mid_Hills_Himachal_Himalayas.pdfSSR Institute of International Journal of Life Sciences
Evaluation of Soil Properties under Different Forests in Mid Hills of Himachal Himalayas
http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/SSR-IIJLS.2020.6.5.3Antoniadis colloquium presentation
This document summarizes research on cushion plants in the Hudson Bay Lowlands and their potential role in facilitating other plant and insect species. Cushion plants can provide shade, moderate temperatures and moisture levels, and protect other plants from wind and herbivores. The researcher aims to study whether alpine blueberry cushion plants facilitate other species, including tree seedlings, and whether this facilitation increases under more stressful environmental conditions. Data will be collected on plant diversity, seedling growth, insect visits, temperature, light, moisture and nutrients across sites that vary in elevation and disturbance level. Results will provide insights into how facilitation may help plant communities adapt to global environmental changes.
7719619_dissertation
This study examines the relationship between fire history and plant biodiversity in dry tropical forests in western Madagascar. Vegetation plots were established across an area stratified by fire intensity, as measured by a burn ratio derived from satellite imagery. Species richness, diversity, and above-ground biomass were measured and compared to the burn ratio. Statistical analysis found significant negative correlations, suggesting fire contributes to degradation of the forest through reduced biomass and lower biodiversity. However, the data are heterogeneous and relationships are weak, warranting cautious interpretation. The research aims to evaluate fire's impacts on the forest to inform conservation efforts in this biodiversity hotspot.
Session 5.3 tree soil interactions and provision of soil mediated ecosystem s...
Session 5.3 tree soil interactions and provision of soil mediated ecosystem s...World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
This document discusses biodiversity in agroforestry habitats and its relationship to ecosystem functions. It summarizes that trees provide various habitats for soil biota through microclimate buffering and substrates. Trees interact with soil and influence ecosystem services like nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, and plant health. Agroforestry systems maintain higher densities and diversity of soil biota than agricultural systems alone. The document then outlines a land health surveillance framework used in Africa to monitor aboveground and belowground biodiversity in landscapes. The framework involves establishing sentinel sites to systematically sample and characterize soils, plants, and soil biota over time using various techniques to develop predictive models of ecosystem service provision in different land uses.Tree-soil interactions and the provision of soil-mediated ecosystem services
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Measuring Individual Tree Height and Crown Diameter for Mangrove Trees with A...
Measuring Individual Tree Height and Crown Diameter for Mangrove Trees with A...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Mangroves are unique ecosystems that provide valuable coastal area habitats, protection, and services. Access to observing mangrove forests is typically difficult on the ground. Therefore, it is of interest to develop and evaluate remote sensing methods that enable us to obtain accurate information on the structure of mangrove forests and to monitor their condition in time. The main objective of this study was to develop a methodology for processing airborne lidar data for measuring height and crown diameter for mangrove forests in the north-eastern coastal areas of Brazil. Specific objectives were to: (1) evaluate the most appropriate lidar data processing approach, such as area-based or individual tree methods, (2) investigate the most appropriate parameters for lidar-derived data products when estimating height and crown diameter, such as the spatial resolution of canopy height models and ground elevation models; and (3) compare the accuracy of lidar estimates to field measurements of height and crown diameter. The lidar dataset was acquired over mangrove forest of the northeast of Brazil. The crown diameter was calculated as the average of two values measured along two perpendicular directions from the location of each tree top by fitting a fourth-degree polynomial on both profiles. The lidar-derived tree measurements were used with regression models and cross-validation to estimate plot level field-measured crown diameter. Root mean square error, linear regression and the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient were also used to compare lidar height and field height. The mean of lidar-estimated tree height was 9,48m and the mean of field tree height was 8.44m. The correlation between lidar tree height and field tree height was r= 0.60, E=-0.06 and RMSE= 2.8. The correlation between height and crown diameter needed to parameterized the individual tree identification software obtained for 32 trees was r= 0.83 and determination coefficient was r2 = 0.69. The results of the current study show that lidar data could be used to estimate height and average crown diameter of mangrove trees and to improve estimates of other mangrove forest biophysical parameters of interest by focusing at the individual tree level. The research presented in this study contributes to the overall knowledge of using lidar remote sensing to measure and monitor mangrove forests.Measuring Individual Tree Height and Crown Diameter for Mangrove Trees with A...
Measuring Individual Tree Height and Crown Diameter for Mangrove Trees with A...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Mangroves are unique ecosystems that provide valuable coastal area habitats, protection, and services. Access to observing mangrove forests is typically difficult on the ground. Therefore, it is of interest to develop and evaluate remote sensing methods that enable us to obtain accurate information on the structure of mangrove forests and to monitor their condition in time. The main objective of this study was to develop a methodology for processing airborne lidar data for measuring height and crown diameter for mangrove forests in the north-eastern coastal areas of Brazil. Specific objectives were to: (1) evaluate the most appropriate lidar data processing approach, such as area-based or individual tree methods, (2) investigate the most appropriate parameters for lidar-derived data products when estimating height and crown diameter, such as the spatial resolution of canopy height models and ground elevation models; and (3) compare the accuracy of lidar estimates to field measurements of height and crown diameter. The lidar dataset was acquired over mangrove forest of the northeast of Brazil. The crown diameter was calculated as the average of two values measured along two perpendicular directions from the location of each tree top by fitting a fourth-degree polynomial on both profiles. The lidar-derived tree measurements were used with regression models and cross-validation to estimate plot level field-measured crown diameter. Root mean square error, linear regression and the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient were also used to compare lidar height and field height. The mean of lidar-estimated tree height was 9,48m and the mean of field tree height was 8.44m. The correlation between lidar tree height and field tree height was r= 0.60, E=-0.06 and RMSE= 2.8. The correlation between height and crown diameter needed to parameterized the individual tree identification software obtained for 32 trees was r= 0.83 and determination coefficient was r2 = 0.69. The results of the current study show that lidar data could be used to estimate height and average crown diameter of mangrove trees and to improve estimates of other mangrove forest biophysical parameters of interest by focusing at the individual tree level. The research presented in this study contributes to the overall knowledge of using lidar remote sensing to measure and monitor mangrove forests.Thesis Proposal Presentation
This document discusses factors that influence the microclimate within tree cavities used by nesting birds. It hypothesizes that microclimate is influenced by both external factors like canopy cover and diameter of the tree, and internal factors like wood density and cavity dimensions. The study aims to understand how these factors impact temperature regimes within cavities and influence nesting success. Field data was collected on over 100 cavities measuring external temperature, tree properties, cavity features, and internal temperature. Statistical analyses will evaluate relationships between microclimate temperatures and external and internal cavity characteristics.
land Use Land Cover and vegetation dynamics_presentation
This document summarizes a study analyzing decadal land use/land cover changes from 1976-2016 in the sub-alpine region of Bhaderwah, Jammu and Kashmir using remote sensing and GIS techniques. The objectives were to analyze changes in forest types and factors responsible. Materials and methods included classifying land cover using visual interpretation of satellite images from 1976-2016. Results showed that forest area increased from 1976-2016 while grassland and settlements decreased. Major drivers of change included anthropogenic, climatic and topographic factors. The study concluded the main forest communities changed over time and natural forests supporting indigenous species declined.
GFW Partner Meeting 2017 - Parallel Discussions 1: Forests and Biodiversity
GFW Partner Meeting 2017 - Parallel Discussions 1: Forests and BiodiversityWorld Resources Institute (WRI)
1. The group discussed prioritizing deforestation alerts from Global Forest Watch by filtering them based on areas of high conservation importance for biodiversity, like key biodiversity areas, intact forests, and sites for endangered species.
2. They proposed three options - filtering by ecoregions, mapping sites of range rarity as a continuous layer, or allowing users to select layers like protected areas, tiger habitats, and ape sites.
3. Integrating biodiversity data into Global Forest Watch could help conservation groups and governments better target responses to deforestation alerts in the most critical areas for nature. However, challenges may include refining models and mapsShoestring2014 5-decomp
Litter Decomposition Experiments Involving Young Technicians, Rick Biche and Team 2 (2012-2014), A. Crosby Kennett Middle School. Hubbard Brook Annual Cooperator's Meeting, W. Thornton, NH, July 10, 2014.
Horticultural research in kogi state.pptx
The document is a technical report on a student industrial work experience scheme held in Akoko South West Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria. It details the investigation of the relationship between soil microbes, aggregation, and organic carbon pools under different land uses. Soil samples were collected from six sites with varying land uses and analyzed for physical, chemical, and microbiological properties. Results showed that fallow, forest, and pasture soils had higher organic matter, microbes, and carbon contents. Bacteria influenced aggregate stability and carbon sequestration more than fungi or actinomycetes. The study supports practices that improve soil organic matter to establish good soil health and productivity.
PHD PRO PRESENATION.pptx
This document outlines a research proposal that compares organic and conventional cocoa agroforestry systems in Ghana. The proposal includes an introduction defining key terms, a problem statement noting threats to biodiversity and ecosystem services from human activities. It presents 5 research objectives and 5 hypotheses comparing tree diversity, carbon storage, litter production, livelihood contributions, and biophysical features between the two systems. The methods section describes how sites and farms will be selected, which data will be collected through field surveys and literature, and how the data will be analyzed using statistical tests to compare the systems.
Application of remote sensing in forest ecosystem
Established remote sensing systems provide opportunities to develop and apply new measurements of ecosystem function across landscapes, regions and continents.
New efforts to predict the consequences of ecosystem function change, both natural and human- induced, on the regional and global distributions and abundances of species should be a high research priority
Mid-Term presentation_ Akayezu MSc thesis
The slides contain a summary on my research on the ''abundances and distribution of the five most preferred food species for the mountain gorilla of the Virungas''. The presentation was delivered at the University of Twente, the Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC). It is part of a continuous follow up on the student's research - required for the successful completion of a Master of Science at ITC, NL
Ecological assessment of plant communities in the peochar valley of the hindu...
This study quantified the effect of environmental variables on plant species composition in the Peochar Valley, located in the Hindu Raj mountains of the Hindu Kush. A mixture of quadrat and transect methods were used. Quadrat sizes were 10 × 10 m, 2 × 5 m, and 1 m2 for trees, shrubs, and herbs, respectively, determined using the minimal area method. Twenty-seven stations were established along 6 elevation transects on slopes with various aspects. Density, cover, and frequency were recorded for all species in each quadrat. Aspect, elevation, rock types, soil nature, and grazing pressure were also considered as edaphic and topographic variables. Preliminary results showed that the Peochar Valley hosts 120 species. Presence/absence data for these species were analyzed with cluster and 2-way cluster techniques to elaborate species composition in the study area; this resulted in 4 plant communities. Species abundance and environmental data matrices were developed to evaluate the ecological gradient of vegetation through canonical correspondence analysis. Of the environmental variables, elevation, aspect, grazing pressure, soil depth, and rock type showed a significant effect on species composition and diversity. We also identified the dominant and rare plant species in each plant community based on their low importance value indexes. Conservation measures are recommended for all flora of this valley and for rare species in particular.
Ecological gradient analyses of plant associations in the thandiani forests o...
Abstract: In the summers of 2012 and 2013, vegetation of Thandiani in the Western Himalayas of Pakistan was surveyed and quantified. We took evidence from relationships between 252 species and 11 measured environmental factors as well as changes in the associations’ structure among 50 analysed stations with 1500 m2 plots. We analysed how the plant associations differ and develop under the influence of their respective ecological gradients. Preliminary results showed that the family Pinaceae was the most abundant family with a
family importance value (FIV) of 1892.4, followed by Rosaceae with FIV = 1478.2. Rosaceae, represented by 20 species, was the most dominant family, followed by Asteraceae and Ranunculaceae with 14 and 12 species each, respectively. Analyses via CANOCO software version 4.5 and GEO database demonstrated strong correlations among species distributions and environmental variables, i.e. elevation, topography, and edaphic factors. Our findings show an increase in species diversity and richness from lower elevation (1290 m at sea level (m asl) to higher elevation (2626 m asl). It is evident that aspect, elevation, and soil factors were the decisive variables affecting qualitative and quantitative attributes of vegetation in the study area. The P value ≤ 0.002 confirms a significant impact of abiotic factors that bring variation in vegetation. A 3D view of the study area was generated in ArcScene showing all the five plant associations. Graphs of scatter plot, point profile, and 3D line profile were added to the layout of plant association maps. The habitats of the five association types overlapped broadly but still retained their specific individuality. The execution of GIS framework gave spatial modelling, which ultimately helped in the recognition of indicator species of specific habitat or association type. These findings could further be utilised
in devising the forest policy and conservation management. This study also opens new doors of research in the field of biogeography, systematics, and wildlife.
South Australian Native Vegetation Condition Indicator Pilot Project 2006
The document compares two methodologies for assessing native vegetation condition: the Habitat Hectares methodology and the NCSSA methodology. For each indicator (e.g. large trees, tree canopy cover), it outlines how the indicator is measured in each methodology and whether the relevant data can be extracted from biological survey databases. While there is broad alignment between many of the indicators, some data like log length are not captured by biological surveys.
Tree regeneration, Fenner School July 2009
The document summarizes research on tree regeneration in Australia's temperate grazing zone. It finds that under current grazing practices, trees are not regenerating at most sites due to lack of seedlings. If practices do not change, millions of hectares currently supporting tens of millions of trees could become treeless. The research identifies grazing regime, tree density, and soil nutrients as factors influencing regeneration, finding that ungrazed areas and fast livestock rotation support more regeneration than continuous grazing.
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Session 5.2 Quantification of tree root distribution and biomass
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Evaluation_Soil_Properties_Different_Forests_Mid_Hills_Himachal_Himalayas.pdf
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Session 5.3 tree soil interactions and provision of soil mediated ecosystem s...
Session 5.3 tree soil interactions and provision of soil mediated ecosystem s...
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Measuring Individual Tree Height and Crown Diameter for Mangrove Trees with A...
Measuring Individual Tree Height and Crown Diameter for Mangrove Trees with A...
Measuring Individual Tree Height and Crown Diameter for Mangrove Trees with A...
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land Use Land Cover and vegetation dynamics_presentation
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GFW Partner Meeting 2017 - Parallel Discussions 1: Forests and Biodiversity
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Ecological assessment of plant communities in the peochar valley of the hindu...
Ecological assessment of plant communities in the peochar valley of the hindu...
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DryDev Closeout Webinar 30th June 2020
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- 1. New tools and paradigms Using Ground Penetrating Radar in Agroforestry Systems: Quantification of Tree Root Distribution and Biomass Kira A. Borden & Dr. Marney E. Isaac University of Toronto, Canada
- 2. Managed multispecies ecosystems • Interspecific variation • Intraspecific plasticity • Community-level processes Photo credits: M. Isaac
- 3. The hidden half of trees • 20 to 40% of tree biomass located belowground (Brunner and Godbold 2007) • Trade-offs relating to nutrient acquisition between competition and improved cycling • Research limited by methodological constraints Photo credit: M. Isaac
- 4. Non-intrusive belowground study k = dielectric constant of a medium Figure from Isaac & Anglaaere, 2013, Ecology and Evolution
- 5. Coarse root detections 0.5 m 0.5 m 0.7 m Photo credits: K. Borden
- 6. Objectives Biomass estimation Distribution detection Tree-based intercropping Canada Photo credit: K. Borden C storage Nutrient acquisition Cocoa-shade Ghana Photo credit: M. Isaac
- 7. Photo credits: K. Borden
- 9. Biomass estimation 5.1g 66.9 cm2 82.2g 355.7 cm2 Borden et al. under review
- 10. Biomass estimation P = 0.0003 Photo credit: K. Borden 54.1 ± 8.7 kg tree1 (n=12) 54.8 ± 8.3 kg tree-1 (n=12) Photo credit: K. Borden Borden et al. under review
- 11. Distribution detection Figure from Isaac & Anglaaere, 2013, Ecology and Evolution -0.4 40 50 60 70 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 1 1 2 3 3 2 X (m) x (m) 0 4 4 5 1 2 3 y (m) 4 Y (m) -0.2 -0.3 30 -0.5 Depth (m) 20 -0.6 10 -0.7 Depth (cm) -0.1 0.0 Reflection points of detected spruce tree roots
- 12. Interspecific root plasticity Picea abies n=2 Juglans nigra n=3 • Coarse root depth data show distinct rooting patterns across five tree species • Deep-rooted tree species below crop rooting zone Borden et al. in preparation
- 13. Intraspecific root plasticity (n = 12) Isaac et al. 2014, Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment
- 14. Importance to agroforestry Biomass estimation Distribution detection C storage Nutrient acquisition C storage species-specific root C concentrations Acquisition zones δ18O isotopic signature matching Site-level C storage in coarse roots: 2.3 Mg C ha-1 (Borden et al. under review) Larger zone of acquisition for cocoa with shade tree under sandy loam soils (Isaac et al. 2014)
- 15. Thank you World Congress on Agroforestry conference organizers Forestry Research Institute of Ghana (Dr. Luke Anglaaere, Dr. Stephen Adu-Bredu) The Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto (Dr. Sean Thomas) The University of Guelph, Canada (Dr. Naresh Thevathasan, Dr. Andrew Gordon, Amy Wotherspoon) Photo credit: K. Borden Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada