1. Diabetes (dwÚd]x/*fOj]l^h) is a chronic disease characterized by high blood sugar levels. It occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or the body cannot use the insulin it produces effectively. 2. If left uncontrolled, diabetes can lead to serious complications affecting the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels. Proper management through lifestyle changes, medication and monitoring of blood sugar levels can help prevent complications and allow those with diabetes to live healthy lives. 3. This information booklet aims to help the general public understand diabetes and provide practical knowledge to help manage their daily lives and diet. It seeks to assist those with diabetes and prevent

1. lrgLsf]/f]uL -*fO{a]l^h /
dwÚd]x_ n] hfGgÚ kg]{ sÚ/fx?
(Information Booklet on Diabetes)
k|f= -*f=_ k|Nxfb sfsL{
k|dÚv, d]l*l;g ljefu
*f= ;lGhj s'df/ zdf{
d]l*l;g ljefu
/fd z/)f d]xtf
d]l*sn-;lh{sn gl;{é ljefu
sn]h ckm gl;{é
jL=kL= sf]O/fnf :jf:Yo lj!fg k|lti&fg w/fg,
;Úg;/L, g]kfn .

2. eúldsf
dwÚd]x -*fOlal^h/lrgLsf]/fu_ Pp^f nfdf] ;do ;Dd /xg] /f]u xf] . of] /f]usf]
pkrf/ ;lgnf] % t/ w/} h;f] ljdf/L pkrf/sf] nfuL c:ktfn cfpb}g . of]
/f]usf] nIf)f zÚ?df b]vf kb}{g t;y{ o;/f]uLsf] pkrf/df a]jf:tf u/]sf] kfOG%
. pkrf/sf] l(nfO{n] w]/} gf/fd|f] c;/x? h:t}M cf¤vfsf]/f]u, lduf}{nfsf]/f]u,
dÚ^Úsf]/f]u, O{TofbL b]vf k%{ . hLjg z}nLdf kl/jt{g tyf cf}iflwsf] k|of]un]
dwÚd]x/f]usf] g/fd|f c;/x?jf^ aRg ;lsG% / nfdf] ;do ;Dd af¤Rg
;lsG% . dwÚd]x /f]uLsf] ;+Vof ;+;f/sf] ;fy} xfd|f] b]zdf klg b|Útultdf
al(/x]sf] % . o;/f]un] ubf{ eljiodf d[uf}nfsf]/f]u, c+wf]kg tyf x[bo/f]u b]zsf]
Pp^f k|dÚv ;d:of xÚg]% . dwÚd]x, pRr /Qmrfk tyf dÚ^Úsf]/f]u g;g]{ nfdf]
;do ;Dd nfUg] tyf Ps csf{df lge{/ xÚg] /f]ux? xÚg . of] /f]usf] plrt
pkrf/sf] nfuL bIf lrlsT;s, dwÚd]x g;{ lzIfs, cfxf/ lrlsT;s, nufot
cGo :jf:Yo sdL{x?sf] ;fdÚlxs k|of; h?/L %, ;fy} /f]usf] /f]syfddf Woofg
kÚCofpgÚ clt cfjZos e};s]sf] % . o; kÚl:tsfsf] k|dÚv pb]Zo ;fdfGo
hgrfnfO{ *fOj]l^S; sf] ;d:ofjf^ dÚQmkfg{ ;xof]u ugÚ{ xf] . xfdLn] :tl/o
tyf e/kbf]{ hfgsf/L dÚns Jojxfl/s !fg k|bfg ul/ t+kfO{sf] b}lgs hLjgnfO{
:jf:Yos/ tyf kú)f{ cfgGbsf] ;fy ljtfpg dbt ug]{ ul/ of] kÚl:tsf ;/n
g]kfnL efiffdf n]lvPsf] % . o;jf^ lgZrog} ltgLsf] lj/fdLnfO{ ;/n hLjg
ofkg ug{ tyf /f]u gnfu]sf AoQmLnfO{ /f]u nfUg jf^ arfpg dbt kÚCofpg]
% . o; kÚl:tsfn] :jf:YosdL{x?df !fg a(fpgÚsf] ;fy} :jf:Yo lzIff lbgsf]
nfuL dbxTjkú)f{ dfWodsf] sfd ug]{ % . wGojfb,
k|f= -*f=_ k|Nxfb sfsL{
k|dÚv d]l*l;g ljefu
jL=kL=sf]O/fnf :jf:Yo lj!fg k|lti&fg .

3. laifo ;rL
qm=;+= ljj/)f
1. lrgLsf]/f]u -*fOj]l^h/dwÚd]x_ sf] kl/ro
2. dwÚd]x /f]usf] k|sf/
3. dwÚd]x /f]usf] sf/)fx?
4. dwÚd]x /f]usf] nIf)f tyf lrGxx?
5. dwÚd]x /f]usf] pkrf/ k$tLx?
6. dwÚd]x/f]un] kfg]{ c;/x?
7. dwÚd]xsf] /f]uLn] hfGgÚ kg]{ sÚ/fx?
8. vfgf ;DjGwL hfgsf/L
9. Jofod ;DjlGw hfgsf/L
10. vÚ§fsf] x]/rfx
11. cf¤vfsf] x]/rfx
12. xfOkf]U:tfO{;]ldof -/utdf lrgLsf] sld_
13. lrgLsf] hf+r
14. OG;Úlng ;ÚO{sf] k|of]u
15. lgoldt ugÚ{ kg]{ hf+r k*tfn af/] hfgsf/L
16. ls^f]Pl;*f]l;; jf/] hfgsf/L
17. ;fdfhLs hLjgofkg jf/] s]lx ;Úemfgx?

4. 18. *fS^/ ;+u ;Dks{ /fVgÚ kg]{ cj:yfx?
19. ofqf ubf{ Wofg lbgÚ kg]{ sÚ/fx?
20. /f]uLn] ofb /fVgÚ kg]{ sÚ/fx?
21. vfg] rSsL jf/] hfgsf/L
22. dwÚd]x /f]ujf/] utn wf/)f tyf ;lx tYox? M
23. /]km/]G;]h
1. lrgLsf]/f]u -dwÚd]x/*fOj]l^h_ sf] kl/roM
dwÚd]x nfdf] ;do ;Dd nfUg] /f]u xf] / of] /f]u nfUbf /utdf UnÚsf]h -lrgL_
sf] dfq a(]/ hfG% . zl//sf] sf]lifsfx?nfO{ afRgsf] nfuL zlQmsf] cfjZostf
kb{% hÚg uÚnÚsf]h (Sugar) jf^ k|fKt xÚG% . vfgf vfO{ ;s]kl% kr]/
uÚnÚsf]h -lrgL_ aG%/ pQm lrgL /utsf] dfWod $f/f zl//sf] ljleGg sf]lifsf
x?df kÚUb% . xfd|f] zl//df /x]sf] zfyu|GyL -k]lGqmofh_ n] OG;Úlng eGg] xdf]{g
lgsfN% / uÚnÚsf]h nfO{ zl//sf] sf]lifsf leq k:g kbt u%{ . OG;Úlng
zl//df ;frf]sf] h:tf] sfd u%{ .
h;sf] dbtn] uÚnÚsf]h sf]lifsf leq k:% . OG;Úlngsf] k|ofKtdfq zl//df
gePdf uÚnÚsf]h sf]lifsf leq k:g kfpb}g / /utdf jl;/xG% . o;/L /utdf
w]/} lbg ;Dd /x]df *fOj]l^; df kl/)ft xÚG% cyf{t lrgLsf] /f]u nfU% .
*fOj]l^S; -dwÚd]x_ o:tf] cj:yfsf], h;df xfd|f]zl//n] uÚnÚsf]h -;Úu/_ k|of]u
ug{ ;Sb}g / /utdf o;sf] dfq hfG% . xfdLnfO{ zlQmsf] nfuL uÚnÚsf]h
rflxG% . xfd|f] zl//n] uÚnÚsf]h eft, /f]^L, cfnÚ, ;v/ 30 vfgfjf^ k|fKt u%{
/ xfd|f] zl//sf] sn]hf]n] klg agfp% .

5. 2. dwÚd]x -*fOj]l^S;_ /f]usf] k|sf/M
k|dÚv?kdf /f]unfO{ 4 efudf jf*g ;lsG% .
s= ^fOk – 1 *fOj]l^S;M o; k|sf/sf] /f]uLdf k]Gqmofhn] w]/} sd cyjf
OG;Úlng pTkfbg ug{ c;Ifd xÚG%g . k|foM ;fgf] pd]/df nfU% / /utdf
lrgLsf] dfqf Psbd} w]/} a(]/ hfG% . o:tf] lj/fdLx?df OG;Úlngsf] ;ÚO{ geO{
xÚb}g .
v= ^fOk – 2 *fOj]l^S;M o; k|sf/sf] /f]uLn] zl//nfO{ kg]{ OG;Úlng lgsfNg
;Sb}g . o; k|sf/sf] /f]u 30 – 40 jif{sf] pd]/ kl% dfq nfU% / pd]/ j(b}
hfbf /f]u a(b} hfG% . /f]u ktfnufpg] w]/} ;do nfU% . o:tf /f]uLdf vfgfdf
lgoGq)f sf] ;fy} vfg] rSsL tyf OG;Úlngsf] cfjZostf kg{ ;S% .
u= ;]s}G*/L dwÚd]xM of] /f]u OG;Úlngsf] pTkfbg, sfd tyf c;/sf] v/fjLn]
nfU% . o;/f]usf] sf/)fx?df cf}iflw -:^]vfO*, lkN;, xdf]{g O=_ tyf
OG*f]s/fOg u|lGysf] /f]ux? -Ps|f]d]ufnL, slzé l;*Lt tl/sfx? $/f ug{
;lsG% .
dwÚd]x /f]un] kg]{ c;/x? (Results of Uncontrolled diabetes) M
*fOj]l^S; lgoGq)f gePdf lgDg sf/)fx? b]vf k%{ M
 cf¤vf wldnf] b]VgÚ / b]Vg] zlQm gf; xÚgÚ (Blurred/Unclear
vision)
 d[uf}nf v/fa xÚgÚ (Kidney damage)

6.  wl/ wl/ ;+qmd)f xÚgÚ (Recurring infections)
 #fp+ sÚlxgÚ (Gangrene)
 vÚ§fdf #fp (Foot problems)
 ;+ef]udf ;d:of (Sexual distraction)
 X[bo#ftsf] ;+efjgf (Risk of heart attack)
 d;lt:ssf] ;d:of (Risk of brain damage)
 df]tLljGbÚxÚgÚ (Cataract)
 cf+vfsf] gzf lju|gÚ (Retinopathy)
 xft, vÚ§f emdemdfpgÚ (Neuropathy)
 j]xf]z xÚgÚ (Shock)
 OTofbL

7. dwÚd]xsf] /f]uLn] hfGgÚ kg]{ sÚ/fx?M
1. k]lGqmofh u|GyLsf] af/]df ;fdfGo hfgsf/L
2. lrgLsf]/f]uL / k]lGqmofh ;+u ;DaGw
3. xfOkf]unfO;]ldofsf] sf/)f, nI)f tyf pkrf/
4. OG;Úlngsf] sfd, nufpg] tl/sf, tyf kfg]{ c;/x?
5. ofqf ubf{ ljrf/ kÚCofpgÚ kg]{ sÚ/fx?
6. *fS^/ ;+u ;+Dks{ /fVgÚ kg]{ cj:yfx?
7. lgoldt lrgLsf] hf+r -lk;fj//ut_
8. OG;Úlngsf] e)*f/ ug]{ t/Lsf
9. lg*n l*:kf]h tyf kÚg k|of]u
10. oÚlge;{n lk|sfp;gx?
11. lrgL/f]un] kfg]{ g/fd|f c;/x?
12. lgofldt ugÚ{ kg]{ kl/If)f tyf x]/rfx
13. vfgf, Jofd, cf}iflw OTofbL sf] jf/] kÚ)f{ hfgsf/L
8= vfgf -ef]hg_ ;+alGw hfgsf/LM
dwÚd]x /f]uLn] cfkmgf] vfgfjf/] yfxfkfO{ /fVgÚ kg]{ h?/L sÚ/fx?15M

8. lrgL, ld&fO{ / ;/jt h:tf vf$ kbfy{n] /utdf lrgLsf] dfqf tÚ?Gt} /
cTolws dfqfdf a(fO{ lbG%, To;}n] *fOj]l^S;sf] lj/fdLn] lrgL ePsf] o:tf
k|sf/sf vfgf vfgÚ xÚb}g . eft, cfnÚ h:tf vfWo kbfy{x? k|of]u ug{ gxÚg]
ePklg *fOj]l^h /f]usf] cj:yfx]/L &Ls &Ls dfqfdf k|of]u ug{ rfxL ;lsg]
xÚG% .
vfgfsf] lsl;d eGbf klg vfg] sÚ/fjf^ k|fKt xÚg] zlQm -Sofnf]/L_ df Hofbf
Wofg lbgÚ cfjZos % . xfd|f] dÚVo pb]Zo la/fdLnfO{ rflxg] dfqfdf Sofnf]/L
kÚCofpgÚ / *fOj]l^h nfO{ lgoGq)f /fVgÚ xf] .
ef]hgdf 40 b]lv 50 k|ltzt sfjf]{xfO*<]^, 15 b]lv 20 k|ltzt k|f]l^g / 35
b]lv 40 k|ltzt af];f] ePdf plrt xG% . dwd]x /f]uLn] sfjf]{xfO*<]^ oÚQm
vfgfvfbf ljz]if ul/ kl/)fddf Wofg lbgÚ k%{ . w]/} h;f] dfdÚnL lsl;dsf
dwÚd]x /f]uLx?] lgDg k|sf/sf vfgfx? vfP xÚG% .
jf];f] gePsf] df;Ú
tfhf df%f tfhf ;fu;AhL, aGbf, sfpnL, sf+s|f], e)^f, ;fu, uf]ne]*f,
dÚnf, ufh/, Kofh / tfhf kmnkmÚn
cldnf] crf/
kftnf] emf]n -;Úk gÚg, vf];f{gL, d:^f*{, ldg]u/
uÚlnof]sf] nflu :ofsl/d sd dfqfdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsG% .
;f]*fkfgL, kfgL, :ofsl/dsf] rSsL /fv]sf] lrof jf skmL sd dfqfdf
lkpg ;lsG% .
t/sf/L ksfpg k|of]u ul/g] sd dfqfsf] tf]/Lsf] cyjf e^df;sf] t]n
vfgÚ xÚG% .

9. vfgf ;DjGwL s]lx dxTjkú)f{ hfgsf/LM
s= tkfOsf] l/tL/Ljfh k/Dk/f tyf vfgfsf] pknAwtfsf] cfwf/df *fS^/n] -
*fOl^;Log_ ef]hg tflnsf t}of/ kfg{ ;S% .
v= t}of/ kfl/Psf] ef]hg tfnLsf df ;fdfGo kl/jt{g el/ cGo kl/jf/ ;+u}
vfgfsf] cfgGb lng ;S% .
u= cfwÚlgs ef]hg tflnsf df /]zfafnf vfgf, t/sf/L tyf kmnsf] dfqf
;dfj]z ugÚ{ k%{ h;n] kftgzlQm j(fpg] tyf vfgfsf] ?rL j(fp% . #=
olb lgoldt vfgf vfg] ;dodf l(nf] xÚguPdf kmn, bÚw, hÚ; dlx cfbL
vfg ;lsG% .
~= ^L=jL= x]bf{, k(bf, tyf /]l*of] ;ÚGbf vfgf vfgÚ xÚb}g .
r= dBkfg -hf*//S;L_ ;]jgn] cf}iflw sf] c;/df g/fd|f] c;/ kfg{ ;S% .
h= akmL{, k]*f, s]s, h}d, ld&fO{, ;v/ O= n] /utdf lrgLsf] dfqf dfqf l%^f]
j(fO{ lbG% . t;y{ /utdf lrgL sdePsf] cj:yfdf jfx]s -xfOkf]unfO{;]dLof_
oL rLhx?sf] ;]jg ;fjwfgL;fy ugÚ{ k%{ .
em= /fd|f] cfxf/sf] ;]jgn] cf}ifwLsf] c;/ a(fpgÚsf] ;fy} cf}ifwLsf] dfqf
#^fpg klg dbt u%{ .
`f= cf]ifwL -OG;Úlnd/rSsL_ sf] clwsdfqfn] vfgfsf] c;/nfO{ ;Rofpg
;lsb}g t;y{ plrt vfgfsf] cfjZostf lgtfGt h?/L % .
^= *fOj]l^S; lj/fdnfO{ df+;xf/L ef]hg eGbf zfsfxf/L ef]hg /fd|f] xÚG% .
&= l&s dfqfdf lnOg] s[ltd uÚnLof] kbfy{n] g/fd|f] c;/ u/]sf] kfO{Psf] %}g .
*= eft lrgLsf] /f]uLsf] nfuL alh{t xf]Og t/ o;sf] dfqf *fS^/sf] ;Nnfx
cgÚ;f/ dfq vfgÚ k%{ .
r= uÚnLof] kmx? h:t}M cf+k, s]/f, :ofp, cfbL vfgdf lgoGq)f ugÚ{ k%{ tyf
cldnf] kmx? h:t}M d]jf, sfutL, dfgLkmn ;+uf/f cfbL vfg ;lsG% .

10. %= ;Úo{ dÚlvsf], e^df;, tLn, abfd, tyf tf]/L sf] t]n vfgf ksfpg k|ltlbg
15-20 nL= -3-4 rDrf_ k|of]u ug{ ;slG% .
9= Jofd (Exercise) ;DaGwL hfgsf/LM
lgoldt /fd|f] Jofdn] /f]uL nfO{ lgDg kmObfx? xÚG%g .
s= /utdf lrgL (Sugar) ug{Ú cuf*L *fS^/sf] ;Nnfx lngÚ k%{ .
v= tf}n lgoGq)fug{ dbt u%{ . (Weight Control)
u= cfkmgf] JolQmTj a(fp% . (Increase sense of well being)
#= OG;Úlngsf] sfo{bIftf j(fp% . (Increases Insulin
sensitivity)
Aoof ubf{ WofglbgÚ kg]{ sÚ/fx?M
1. lgoldt Jofd zÚ? ugÚ{ cuf*L *fS^/xsf] ;Nnfx lngÚ k%{ .
2. lj:tf/} zÚ? ug]{ / j(fpb} hfg] t/ lgoldt ug]{ .
3. k|t]s lbg Ps} ;dodf Jofd ug]{ .
4. ljxfg lx(g] (Morning Work), kf}l*v]Ng] (Swimming) h:tf
lqmofsnfkdf ;xefuL xÚg] .
5. Aofd ubf{ lrgL tyf cGo uÚlnof] kbfy{ cfkmÚ;+u /fVg] h:t} lrgLsd
ePsf] cj:yfdf (hypoglyccming) k|of]u ug{ ;lsG% .
6. Ps}n] Jofd gul/ hfGg] dfG%] sf] glhs ug{Ú k%{, h;n] lthL sdePsf]
cj:yfsf] nIf)f kQfnufpg ;S% .
7. cfnLk]^df Jofd ug{Ú xÚb}g .
8. OG;Úlng lnPsf] nut} Jofd ug{ xÚb}g .
9. /utdf lrgLsf] dfqf w]/} ePsf] j]nf tyf *fOj]l^S; lgoGq)f gePsf]
cj:yfdf Jofd ugÚ{ xÚb}g .

11. Jofd ;DaGwL s]lx tYox?M
lj:tf/} lul/g] Jofdn] zl//df /x]sf] uÚnsf]h nfO{ k|of]u ul/ vtdkf%{ .
lgoldt ?kn] xKtfdf sDtLdf 4 lbg cfwf#§f Jofdu/] df]^f]kg af^
%Ú^s/f kfpg ;lsG% .
JofdzÚ? ug{Ú cuf*L 5 ldg]^ zl//nfo{ jfd{ckm ug{Ú k%{ .
Jofd xftsf], #+f^Lsf], tyf (f*sf] Ps kl% csf]{ ul/ cfwf #+^f ;Dd ug{Ú
k%{ .
(f*sf] ;d:of (Backache) ePsf] lj/fdLn] *fS^/sf] ;Nnfx lngÚ
cTo]Gt h?/L xÚG% .
dÚ^Úsf]/f]uLn] Jofdubf{ Wofg lbgÚ kg]{ sÚ/fx?
dÚ^Úsf] /f]u nfu]sfn] sDtLdf 20 ldg]^ k}bn lx*gÚ k%{ .
20 ldg]^df 1 ls=ld= sf] b/n] lx*g zÚ? ugÚ{ k%{ / 2 dlxgfdf 20
ldg]^df ult j(fO{ 2 ls=dL= ;Ddsf] bÚ/L to ug{ sf]lz; ug{Ú k%{ .
^]lg; jf a}*ldG^g v]Ng ;lsG% .
2 dlxgfsf] cGTolt/jf^ 15 ls=dL= k|lt #+^fsf] b/n] ;fOsn rnfpg
;lsG% .
2 dlxgfsf] cGTojf^ 10 ls=dL= k|lt #+^fsf] b/n] hflué (Morning
Walk) ug{ ;lsG% .
JofdzÚ? ugÚ{ cuf*L ljrf/ kÚCofpgÚ kg]{ sÚ/fx?M
s= cf/fdbfoL hÚQf nufpgÚ xf]; .

12. v= ^fpsf] / %fQL l;Wf kf/]/ Jofd ug{Ú xf]; .
u= bÚO^} xftnfO{ vÚNnfxNnfO lx*gÚ xf]nf .
#= bÚO^} vÚ§fnfO{ vÚNnf ?kdf %f]*]/ lx*gÚ k%{ .
~= aiff{ qm[tÚdf kfgL gkg]{ &fpsf] %gf}^ u/L lgoldt Jofd ug{Ú xf]; .
r= vÚ§f j^f/LP jf jfpl*P tÚ?Gt *fS^/ ;+u ;Dks{ ugÚ{ xf]; .
10. vÚ§fsf] x]/rfx
s]lx dxTjkÚ)f{ hfgsf/Lx?M
*fO{j]l^S;sf] lj/fdLx?df vÚ§fsf] sf]ifx?df ;jeGbf jl( gf]S;fg kf%{ . v§f
w]/} bÚV% . l;;fsf] ^Úqmfdf klg vÚ§f kbf{ bÚV% tyf #fp xÚg] ;Defjgf w]/}
xÚG% . vÚ§fsf] #f+psf] plrt pkrf/ gePdf vÚ§fsf] #+fp lju|g ;S% / sÚlxP/
vÚ§f sf^g] cjZyf ;d]t cfpg ;S% . t;y{ vÚ§fsf] sÚg} klg rf]^ jf
c;dfGo cj:yfsf] nfuL vÚ§fsf] lgoldt hf+r -kl/If)f_ tyf x]/rfx
dxTjkÚ)f{ xÚG% .

13. vÚ§fdf s] hf+r ug]{ M
vÚ§fdf c;fdfGo cgÚej -cgÚeÚtL_ h:t} kf]Ng .
vÚ§fdf %Ú/fn] h:tf] #f]r]sf] bÚvfO{, hg /ftL j(% / lx*bf sd xÚG% .
;ÚVjf, kmÚ^]sf] tyf lr/fk/]sf] vÚ§f
vÚ§fdf gof+ df;Ú %fnf knfpgÚ
vÚ§fdf #f+p tyf /ftf] xÚgÚ
vÚ§fsf] jgfj^df km/s
vÚ§fdf kÚ/fgf] #fp+ tyf lkk jUgÚ cfbL
obL tkfO{nfo{ dfyLsf] cj:yfdWo] sÚg} klg Ps b]vf k/]df tÚ/Gt lrsLT;s
;+u} ;Dks{ /fVgÚ xf]; .
vÚ§fsf] x]/rfx ug]{ tl/sfM
s= vÚ§fnfO{ ;w} ;kmf, Gofgf] tyf ;ÚVvf /fVgÚ k%{ .
v= vÚ§fnfO{ ;w} dgtftf] kfgLn] ;km ug{Ú k%{ .
u= g/dvfn] ;fjÚgkfgLn] ;kmf ul/ wÚgÚ k%{ .
#= cf}nfsf] sf+kx?df /fd|/L ;kmf ul/ ;ÚVvf /fVgÚ k%{ .
~= vÚ§fdf tyf hÚQf k|of]u ubf{ kfp*/ lgoldt ?kdf k|of] ug{Ú k%{ .
r= cf/fdbfoL tyf l&s ;fOhsf] %fnfsf] hÚQf nufpgÚ k%{ .
%= k|To]s lbg df}hfnfO{ wÚP/ nfugpgÚ k%{ .
h= cf}nf jflx/ lg:sg] rKkn k|of]u ugÚ{ xÚb}g .
em= P]gfsf] kof]u u/]/ vÚ§fsf] hf+r /fd|/L ug{ ;lsG% .

14. 11. cf+vfsf] x]/rfxM
dwÚd]xsf] /f]uLdf nIf)fx? B]vf kg{Ú cuf*L klg cf+vfdf v/fjL xÚg
;S% t;y{ jif{df Ps k^s lgoldt ?kdf cf+vfsf] hf+r u/fpgÚ k%{ tyf
cf+vfdf sÚg} ;d:of cyjf x]g{ sÚg} ufXf] k/]df tÚ/Gt cf+vfsf] *fS^/
;+u ;Dks{ /fVgÚ k%{ .
lrgLsf] /f]uLdf k|foM gb]lvg] ;d:ofx?M
 df]tL ljGbÚ (Cataract) M cf+vfsf] n]G;df v/fjL xÚgÚ / wldnf]
b]VgÚ .
 hnljGbÚ (Glaucoma) M cf+vfsf] lelq efudf /x]sf] t/n kbfy{sf]
bjfj j(gÚ .
 /]l^gf]k]yL (Retinopathy) M cf+vfsf] leqLk/tdf /utsf gzfx?
sdhf]/ xÚgÚ cyjf kmÚ^gÚ .
cf+vfsf] x]/rfxM
1. cf+vfnfO{ s*f #fd tyf vt/fjf^ jrfpg sfn] rZdf tyf ;Ú/IffrZdf
nufpgÚ k%{ .
2. w]/} #fddf sfnf] rZdf nufpgÚ k%{ .
3. cf+vf kfs]df tyf bÚv]df tÚ?Gt pkrf/ u/fpgÚ k%{ .
4. cf+vfsf] *fS^/nfO{ eGgÚk%{ls dnfO{ lrgLsf] /f]u % .
5. kmf]x/ cf}nfn] cf+vf %ÚgÚ xÚb}g .
6. cf+vfnfo{ ldRgÚ xÚb}g .
7. cf+vfsf] >[uf/ tyf sG^]S; n]G;nfO{ lehfpbf yÚssf] k|of]u ug{Ú xÚb}g .
8. kmf]x/ sG^]S^n]G;sf] k|of]u ug{Ú xÚb}g .

15. 12. /utdf lrgLsf] sld -xfOkf]UnfO{;]ldof_ M
/utdf lrgLsf] dfqf w]/} xÚgÚeGbf sd xÚgÚ vt/gfs tyf Hofg lng]
cj:yf xÚg ;S% . o:tf] ;d:of k|foh;f] OG;Úlng k|of]u ug]{ lj/fdL,
rSsL (OHA) vfg tyf ;do;dodf vfgf gvfg], w]/} zfl//Ls Jofd ug]{
tyf bÚvfO{sf] cf}iflw clws ;]jg ug]{ lj/fdLdf b]vf k%{ . o;sf] k|dÚv
sf/)fx?df OG;Úlngsf] dfqf clws xÚgÚ, *fOj]l^S; rSsLsf] dfqfdf
sldxÚgÚ jf %fs %fs %f]*gÚ tyf cTolws Jofd ug{Ú xf] . slxn]sf+xL
o;sf] sf/)f yfxf xÚb}g .
/utdf lrgLsf] sd xÚg] -xfOkf]Unfo{l;ldof_ cj:yfsf] nIf)fx?M
 w]/} ef]s nfUgÚ
 w]/} kl;gf cfpgÚ
 zl//df sDkg cfpgÚ
 j]xf]; xÚgÚ
 sdhf]/L xÚgÚ
 dÚ^Úsf] ult j(gÚ
 cf]& emdemd ug{Ú
 cf+vfn] wldnf] b]VgÚ
 ^fpsf] bÚÚVgÚ
 c;dfGo Jojxf/ ug{Ú
 sddf dggnfUgÚ

16.  %^k^ nfUgÚ
 cN%L nfUgÚ cfbL
aRg] pkfo tyf pkrf/M
o;jf^ jRg tÚ/Gt zl//df lrgLsf] dfqf j(fpgÚ k%{ . tÚ/Gt 3-4 rDrf
uÚnÚsf]h, lrgL cyjf ;Vv/ cfktsfnLg cj:yfdf vfgÚ k%{ . tÚ/Gt /utdf
lrgLsf] cj:yf j(fpg g;s] lj/fdL j]xf]; eP/ hfG% .
13. /utdf /x]sf] lrgLsf] dfqf lk;fjsf] hf+r, tyf /ut hf+r jf^
kQfnufpg ;lsG% . lk;fjsf] hf+rjf^ cfPsf] kl/)ffd Tolt e/kbf]{
tl/sf xf]Og . lj/fdLn] cfkmg} w/df jl; UnÚsf]ldo -dl;g_ sf] k|of]un]
/utsf] hf+rul/ lrgLsf] dfqf kQfnufpg ;lsG% .
:j+od /utsf] hf+r ubf{ w]/} kmfObf xÚG% . h:t}M *fS^/ sxf+ hrfpg
hfbf /utdf lrgLsf] dfqf yfxf xÚG% . lgoldt ?kn] hf+rul/ /]s*{
/fVbf pkrf/df ;lhnf] xÚG%, cfktsflng cj:yfdf cfkmgf] ;Ú/Iffsf]
nfuL s]lx dbt u%{ -h:t} lrgL vfgÚ_ OTofbL .
UnÚsf]ld^/ UnÚsf]l:^S; k|lqmof $f/f cfkm} /ut hf+Rg tl/sfM
1. UnÚsf]ld^/ rfNgÚ (Start/on) ug]{
2. k|of]u|fd ;+u ldnfpg] -:^S;sf]_
3. ^]:^ :nf^ vf]Ng]
4. cf}nfsf] ^ÚKkf]df ;ÚO{ #f]Rg]
5. /utsf] Pp^f &Únf] yf]kf lgsfNg]

17. 6. UnÚsf]ld^/sf] k|of]u zÚ? ug]{
7. nfdf] l:^S; df /ut sf] yf]kfx? Nufpg
8. /utsf] yf]kf kÚ%g]
9. :^<LK; leq k;fpg] / ^]:^ :nfO* aGb ug]{
10. ld^/df uÚnf]sf]hsf] kl/)ffd b]vf k%{ .
14. OG;Úlng ;ÚO{sf] k|of]uM
cfkm} OG;Úlngsf] ;ÚO{ nufpg]M /f]uL cfkm}df lge{/ xÚgÚ Pp^f dxJjkÚ)f{ kIf xf]
. OG;Úlngsf] ;ÚO{ kfO/fv]sf] lj/fdLdf OG;Úlngsf] plrt dfq kfpgÚ cToGt
cfjZos xÚG% . cr]n lgd{nLs/)f u/]sf] -:^/nfOh*_ ;ÚO{ ;lhn} jhf/df
kpg] xÚbf lj/fdLn] ;lhn}lsg]/ cfkm} ;ÚO{ nufpg ;S% . lgoldt ?kdf w]/}
lbg ;Dd lbgdf w]/} k^s ;ÚO{sf] cfjZostf kg]{ xÚbf e/kbf]{ *fS^/ tyf g;{
kfpg cfjZog} ufXf] kg]{ xÚbf cfkm} ;ÚO{ nufpgÚ lgtfGt cfjZos % .
cfkm} ;ÚO{ nufpg] tl/sfM
s= cfkmgf] xft #Úg]
v= OG;Úlng efOnnfO{ bÚj} xTs]nfljrdf /fv]/ #Údfpg]
u= :k|L^n] /j/sf] ljsf]{nfo{ ;km ug]{
#= ;G;Úlngsf] rflxg] dfqf a/fj/ l;l/Ghdf xfjf tfGg]
~= tfg]sf] xfjf efOndf l;wf kf/]/ xfNg]
r= efOnnfO{ xfjfdf pN^fpg] tyf OG;Úlng tfGg]
%= xfjfsf] yf]kf l;l/Ghdf /xÚGh]n cf}nfn] yk yk ug]{ / xfjf lgsfNg] .
h= cfkmÚ t}of/ xÚGh]n ;Dd l;l/Ghdf vf]nnufO{ ;dy/ :yfgdf /fVgÚ
k%{ .

18. em= ;ÚO nufpg] &fpdf :k|L^ :jfjn] uf]nf] kf/]/ ;km ug]{
h= bÚO{ cf}nfn] bÚO{ OGr hlt %fnf tfGg] / l;wf kf/]/ ;ÚO{ nufpg] .
^= ca %fnfnfO{ %f]*g] / Knh/ nfO{ 3-5 ;s] ;Dd bjfO{ /fVg] .
&= cGtdf l;l/Ghsf] ljsf]{ aGb ug]{ / csf]{ k^s k|of]usf] nfuL ;Ú/lIft
;+u /fVg] .
OG;Úlngsf] k|sf/x?M
s= l%^f] c;/ ug]{ OG;Úlng (Fast – Acting Insulin) M o;sf] /+u ;kmf
xÚG% . o;n] l%^f] c;/ u%{ tyf o;sf] c;/ %f]^f] calwsf nfuL xÚG% .
v= dWood c;/ ug]{ OG;Úlng (Intermediate–acting Insulin) M
o;df yk s]lx rLh ld;fO{sf] xÚG%, o;n] zl//df c;/ ug{ nfdf] ;do
nfU% . o;sf] /+u wldnf] xÚG% .
u= ld>)f OG;Úlng (Premixed/Human Mixtard) M dfyLsf bÚj} ls;Ldsf
c;/ ug]{ OG;Úlngx?sf] ld>)f xf] .
OG;Úlng e)If/ubf{ Wofg lbgÚ kg]{ sÚ/fx? M
s= ;+ejeP;Dd /]lk|mh]/]^/df 2-8OC
sf] tfkqmddf /fVgÚ k%{ .
v= /]lk|mh]/]^/ geP lr;f] tyf cGwof/f] &fpdf /fVgÚ k%{ .
u= hd]sf] OG;Úlng k|of]u ug{Ú xÚb}g .
#= ;Úo{sf] k|sfz kg]{ &fpdf /fVgÚ xÚb}g .
~= ofqf ubf{ xftsf] Jofudf /fVgÚ k%{ .

19. r= tftf] lrh a:tÚdfyL cyf u/d &fpdf /fVgÚ xÚb}g.
OG;Úlng efOndf ;]tf] n]bf, bfgfbfgf tyf v}/f] /+u h:tf] b]vf
k/]df k|of]u ug{Ú xÚb}g .
15. lgoldt ug]{ hfrk*tfn jf/] hfgsf/L M
xfdL k|To]s AolQmn] cfkmgf] :jf:Yosf] lgoldt x]/rfx ug{Ú k%{ / *fOj]l^S;
nfu]kl% of] kmg} dxTjkÚ)f{ xÚG% .
s= zl//df sg} k|sf/sf] ;+qmd)f, ?#fvf]sL, ;Ú§fsf] cf}nf ;ÚlGggÚ, gé lju|gÚ
tyf zl/df #fpvl^/f cfbL cfpgfn] dwÚd]x/f]usf] lgoGq)fdf c;/ kf%{ .
obL OG;Úlng kfO/fv]sf] lj/fdL % eg] w]/} dfqfsf] cfjZostf kg{ ;S% .
olb rSsL vfO{/fv]sf] lj/fdL % eg] OG;Úlngsf] cfjZostf kg{ ;S% .
o:tf] cj:yfdf tÚ/Gt *fS^/sf] ;Nnfx lngÚ k%{ .
v= dfgl;s tgfj -kl/jf/df s;}sf] d[ToÚ, jfb ljjfb cfbL_ n] u/tdf
uÚnÚsf]hsf] dfqf j(fp% . / /f]u lgoGq)fdf jfwf kf%{ . o:tf] cj:yfdf
cf}iflwsf] dfqf -OG;Úlng tyf rSsL_ #^j* ug{Ú kg]{ xÚg;S% . t;y{
tÚ/Gt *fS^/ ;+u ;Dks{ ugÚ{ k%{ .
u= obL 15 jif{ eGbf j(L b]lv *fOj]l^S; nfu]df vÚ§fsf] ljz]if x]/rfx ug{Ú
k%{ . /utsf] gzfx? Df]^f] xÚgfn] vÚ§fdf /utsf] ;+rf/ sd xÚg hfG% .
gzfsf] ljqmLtLn] vÚ§fdf ;+j]bglzntf x/fpg ;S% / cfuf]n] kf]Ng] h:tf
;d:of kg{ ;S% . t;y{ lgoldt vÚ§fsf] hf+r ug{Úsf] ;fy} *fS^/nfO{
b]vfpgÚ k%{ .
#= lrgLsf] /f]uLn] lgoldt ?kdf lk;fjsf] hf+r, /utdf lrgLsf] hf+r, cf+vfsf]
hf+r, dÚ^Úsf] hf+r, d[uf}nfsf] hf+r vÚ§fsf] hf+r tyf gzfsf] hf+r lgoldt
?kdf ;DalGwt ljz]if! $f/f u/fpgÚ k%{ .

20. ;fdfGo lj/fdL kbf{ / *fS^/n] cf}ifwL ;]jg ug]{ ;Nnfx lbbf *fOj]l^S;sf]
nfuL vfO{ /fv]sf] cf}ifwL jGb gul/ lgoldt ;]jg ugÚ{ k%{ / *fS^/nfO{ cfkmÚ
dwÚd]xsf] /f]uL ePsf] sÚ/f k|:^;+u jtfO{ lbgÚ k%{ .
cfkmgf] kl/jf/ tyf gft]bf/nfO{ cfkmÚ *fOj]l^hsf] /f]uL ePsf] sÚ/f tyf
pkrf/ u/fO /x]sf] sÚ/f cjut u/fpgÚ k%{ ;fy} xfOkf]UnfO;]ldofsf] nIf)f
jf/] klg plgx?nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpgÚ k%{ .
cGosf/)fn] c:ktfndf egf{ xÚgÚ kbf{ cfkmÚ;+u ePsf] ;DkÚ)f{ l/kf]^{x? ;+u}
nfg] / *fS^/nfO{ b]vfpg] .
16. ls^f] Ol;*f]l;; jf/] hfgsf/L M
dwÚd]xsf] /f]uLdf ls^f]Pl;*f]l;;sf] k|fylds r]tfjgLsf] lgDg nIf)fx? b]vf
kg{ ;S% M k]^ bÚVgÚ, afGtfxgÚ, j]xf]; h:tf] nIf)f b]vfkg{Ú, nfdf] nfdf] ;f;
km]gÚ{ OTofbL . o:tf] cj:yfdf tÚ/Gt *fS^/ ;+u ;Dks{ /fVgÚ k%{ .
17. ;fdflhs hLjgofkg jf/] s]xL ;Úemfjx? M
dwÚd]xnfO{ lgoGq)fdf /fVgÚ k%{, o;jf^ */fpgÚ xÚb}g, / hLjgsf]
cfgGb lngÚ k%{ .
tkfO{nfO{ cfkmgf] ;fdfhLs hLjgz}nLdf kl/jt{g ugÚ{ kg]{ cj:yfklg
cfpg ;S% . hLjg z}nLdf ;fdfGo kl/jt{g n] /f]u lgoGq)fdf kbt u%{
/ ;fdfGo hLjg ofkg nufot v]nsÚbdf efu lng ;lsG% .
dwÚd]x/f]udf lgoGqg, b}lgs lqmofsnfk tyf cf/fd df tfnd]n ul/
;fdfGoh; NofpgÚ lgtfGt cfjZos xÚG% . clws zfl/l/s sfd h:t} M
kfon^, *<fOe/, ef/L jfSgÚ, xnfhf]TgÚ OTofbL pkoÚQm xf]Og .
;fdfhLs pT;jdf ;xefuLxÚbf ld&fO{, lrgL tyf uÚlnof] k]o kbfy{
k/x]h ug{Ú k%{ . hf+* /S;L vfgÚ xÚb}g /S;L vfg} k/]df 30 ld=nL=
xKtfdf 2–3 k&s eGbf j(L k|of]u ug{Ú xÚb}g . /S;Ln] ljxfg vftdf
lrgLsf] dfqf sd xÚg hfG% / x[bo#ft xÚg] ;Defjgf xÚG% . hf+*
/S;Ln] zl//sf] tf}n a(g hfG% / /f]u lgoGqf)f ug{ ufx|f] k%{ .

21. ofqf ubf{ hfgÚ kg]{ &fp+ jf^f]df kfO{g]vfgf, jf;j:gÚ kg]{ cj:yf OTofbL
jf/] kÚ)f{ hfgsf/L glnO{ ofqf ug{Ú xÚb}g . ofqfsf] jf/]df cgleUo xÚbf
cfkmÚ;+u vfgf tyf lkpg] kfgLsf] k|ofKt Joj:yf /fVgÚ k%{ . ofqf ubf{
cfkmÚ;+u *fOj]l^S;sf] sf*{ -kl/ro kq_ /fVgÚ k%{ .o:tf /f]uLn] wÚd|kfg
ug{Ú xÚb}g .
wfdL {s sf/)fn] pkjf; a:bf M
/]uLn] pkjf; a:gÚ /fd|f] xf]Og . wfdL{s sf/)fn] j:g} k/]df lgDg
sÚ/fx? ljrf/ ug{Ú k%{ .
1. /f]usf] pkrf/ vfgfdf dfq lgoGq)f u/]/ ul/b}% . eg] pkjf;]
AoQmL k/s kfb}{g .
2. OG;Úlng tyf ;Nkmf]gfOn uÚl/of rSsL k|of]u ul/ /fv]sf] lj/fdLdf
xfOkf]UnfO;]ldof xÚg] ;Defjgf xÚG% . ct M cf}ifwLsf] dfqfsf]
nfuL *fS^/ tyf g;{ ;+u ;Dks{ ugÚ{ k%{ .
3. d]^f]kmld{g rSsL k|of]u ug]{ lj/fdLn] pkjf;sf] cGTodf vfgÚk%{ .
4. pkjf;sf] cGtdf w]/} sfjf]{xfO*<]^ ePsf] vfgf -eft, /f]^L, ;j{t
cfbL_ vfbf /utdf uÚnÚsf]h -lrgL_ sf] dfqf j(fO{ lbG% . t;y{
cf}iflwsf] dfqf kl/jt{g ug{Ú kg]{ xÚbf *fS^/ ;+u ;Dks{ /fVgÚ k%{
.
18. *fS^/ ;+u ;Dks{ /fVgÚ kg]{ cj:yx? M
lgDg cj:yfdf *fS^./nfO{ af]nfpgÚ k%{ cyjf ;Dks{ /fVgÚ k%{ .
s= /utdf lrgLsf]dfqf 300 Mg/dl eGbf jl( ePdf .
v= Ps lbg ebf jl( ;Dd jfGtf nfu]df .
u= Hj/f] cfPdf .
#= bÚO{ lbg eGbf jl( lj/fdL k/]df .

22. ~= Ps lbg eGbf jl( ;Dd vfgf vfg c;SIFd ePdf .
19. ofqf ubf{ Wofg lbgÚ kg]{ sÚ/fx? M
s= ofqf calwe/ rflxg] OG;ÚnLg tyf rSsL (OHA) ;+u} jf]SgÚ k%{ .
v= OG;Úlng tyf rSsL emf]n df g/flv ;+u} /fVbf ;fdfg ;w} x/fpg]
;Defjgf /xb}g .
u= cfsl:ds cj:yfsf] nfuL cfkmÚ ;+u lsxL vfg]sÚ/f jfSgÚ k%{ .
#= cfkmÚ;+u cf}ifwLsf] krf{ (Prescription) /fVbf eG;f/sf] r]lsé
emGem^jf^ jRg ;lsG% .
20. /f]uLn] ofb /fVgÚ kg]{ sÚ/fx? M
s= t+kfO{ Pp^f :jf:Yo ;fdfGo dfgL; h:t} hLjgofkg ug{ ;SgÚ xÚG%
olb tkfO{n] /f]usf] jf/]df l;Sg, aÚemg tyf /f]usf] Joj:yfkg jf/]
hfgsf/L lng OR%Ús xÚgÚxÚG% .
v= t+kfO{sf] /f]u lgoGq)fdf t}kfO{s} eÚldsf ;j}eGbf &Únf] xÚG% . *fS^/,
g;{ tyf cGo :jf:Yosld{n] tkfO{nfO{ ;xof]u tyf ;nnfx dfq lbG%
.
u= lj/fdLk/]sf] cj:yfdfklg lgoldt ?kdf OG;Úlngsf] ;ÚO{ lngÚ k%{ .
vfgf vfg g;s]df emf]n kbfy{ vfgÚ k%{ / *fS^/;+u ;Dks{ /fVgÚ
k%{ .
#= cfkmÚ ;+u Pp^f OG;Úlngsf] efOn hlxn] klg hu*f /fVgÚ k%{ .
~= /f]usf] /fd|f] pkrf/ eg]sf] lgoldt cf}ifwL k|of]u ugÚ{ dfq geO{
o;sf] k|efjsf/L hf+RgÚ klg xf] .
r= lgoldt hf+r / /fd|/L /fv]sf] /]s*{n] pkrf/df ;#fp% .

23. %= cfkmÚ;+u ;w} lrgL, ;V/ tyf uÚlnof] kbfy{ /fVgÚ k%{, h;n]
cfs:dLs cj:yfdf xfO{kf]UnfO{;]ldof jf^ jrfpg ;lsG% .
h= cfkmgf] vÚ§f, cf+vf, xf+t, bf+t tyf %fnfsf] /fd|/L x]/rfx ug{Ú k%{ .
em= ;+GtÚlntef]hg, lgoldt Jofd, cf}ifwL tyf /fd|f] ljrf/n] lrgLsf]
/f]u ePklg hLjgsf] nIf k|fKt ug{ ;lsG% .
21. vfg] rSsL jf/] hfgsf/L M
vfgf tyf Jofdn] slxn]sf+xL /f]u lgoGq)f ;Sb}g / lrgLsd u/fpg]
rSsL -^]jn]^ / s}KzÚn_ sf] k|of]u ug{Ú k%{ . sÚg} rSsLn] k]lGqmofh
u|GyLsf] sf]lzsfx? nfO{ pQ]lht u/fO{ OG;Úlng pTkfbg ug{ dbt u%{ .
hj rSsLsf] dbtn] klg sf]lifsf pQ]hLt u/fO{ OG;Úlng pTkfbgdf
;lsb}g tj OG;Úlngsf] ;ÚO{ nufpgÚ k%{ . s]lx rSsLx?n] sf]lifsfdf
c;/ ul/ OG;ÚlngnfO{ sf]lifsf leq k:g dbt u%{ . tyf s]lx rSsLx?n]
zl//df UnÚsf]h ;f]:g Ifdtf #^fO{ lbG% . ahf/df ljleGg lsl;dsf]
*fO{j]l^S; lgoGq)f ug]{ rSsLx? pknAw %g h:t} M ;Nkmf]gfOnuÚl/of
(Suphonyloreas), ljuÚgfO*; (Bigunides), ;]gl;^fOh/;
(Sensitizers), l;kfulngl* (Repaglinide/Novonorm)
OTofbL .
oL dfyLsf cf}iflwx?sf] c;/ ug]{ tl/sf km/s km/s %g . oLcf}iflwx?sf]
%gf}^ ubf{ ljleGg sÚ/fx?sf] ljrf/ u/]/ dfq ugÚ{ k%{ . t;y{ ;+aGwLt
*fS^/sf] ;Nnfx lnP/ g} cf}ifwL zÚ? ug{Ú k%{ .
*fOj]l^S; /f]u a(b} hfbf OG;Úlngsf] k|of]u clgjfo{ xÚg hfG% . t;y{
t+kfO{sf] *fS^/n] OG;Úlngsf] ;ÚO{ k|of]u ug]{ ;Nnfx lbPdf ;ÚO{ k|of]u
ugÚ{ /fd|f] xÚG% .
22. dwÚd]x /f]ujf/] utn wf/)f tyf ;lx tYox? M
unt wf/)fx? M ;lx tYox? M

24. 1= w]/} lrgL vfgfn] dwÚd]x/]u nfU% 1= xf]Og / df]^f] dfgL;df *fOj]l^S;
nfUg] jl( ;Defjgf xÚG% .
2= dwÚd]x /f]uLn] lrgL vfgÚ xb}g 2= xf]Og lrgL s]lxdfqfdf
*fOj]l^l;ogsf] ;NnfxcgÚ;f/ vfg
;lsG% .
3= kl/jf/df sf]lx /fuL ePdf of] 3= xf]Og o:tf] kl/jf/sf] ;b:ofdf
/f]u ;g{ ;S% nfUg] ;Defjgf xÚG% .
4= s]lx dfqfdf klg of] /f]u nfUg ;S% 4= xf]Og of] /f]u xÚG% cyjf xÚb}g
5= of] /f]u lgsf] xG% . 5= xf]Og of] /f]u lgoGq)f ug{ ;lsG%
t/ lgsf] kfg{ ;lsb}g .
6= o:tf /f]uLn] Jofd ugÚ{ xÚb}g 6= xf]Og Jofdn] emg /f]u lgoGq)fdf
dbt u%{ .
7= o:tf lj/fdLsf] vfgf df jlh{t 7= xf]Og vfgf vfbf *fOl^l;ogsf]
ug{Ú k%{ / ljz]if vfgf vfgÚ k%{ / ;Nnfx cgÚ;f/ ;fdfGo ef]hg
ljz]if vfgf vfgÚ k%{ . ug{ ;lsG% .
8= hl*jÚl^ tyf cGo #/fo;L cf}ifwLn] 8= xf]Og . s]xL hl*jÚl^n] /f]u
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Mumbai www. Endocrineindia.com
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