This document provides guidelines for biosafety in a molecular biology laboratory. It discusses the principles of biosafety including containment, risk assessment, and standard practices. It describes necessary laboratory facilities, equipment, and procedures to prevent exposure to biological hazards. This includes recommendations for laboratory design, standard and special practices, safety equipment, waste disposal, transportation of agents, and more. The overall goal is to establish a safe work environment and protect laboratory workers, the public, and environment from potential biological risks.
Safety cabinets are intended to protect a laboratory worker from aerosols and airborne particles.
They will not protect the person from spillages and the consequences of mishandling and poor technique.
Aerosol particles of less than 5 µm in diameter and small droplets of 5–100 µm in diameter are not visible to the naked eye.
The laboratory worker is generally not aware that such particles are being generated and may be inhaled or may cross contaminate work surface materials.
BSCs, when properly used, have been shown to be highly effective in reducing laboratory-acquired infections and cross-contaminations of cultures due to aerosol exposures. BSCs also protect the environment.
Most BSCs use high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters in the exhaust and supply systems.
The exception is a Class I BSC, which does not have HEPA filtered supply air.
Laboratory Hazards, Accidents and Safety RulesTapeshwar Yadav
Injury, damage and loss by fire can be minimized when laboratory staff:
Understand how fires are caused and spread;
Reduce the risk of fire by following fire safety regulations at all times;
Know what to do if there is a fire in their laboratory;
Know how to use fire fighting equipment;
Know how to apply emergency First Aid, for burns.
Safety cabinets are intended to protect a laboratory worker from aerosols and airborne particles.
They will not protect the person from spillages and the consequences of mishandling and poor technique.
Aerosol particles of less than 5 µm in diameter and small droplets of 5–100 µm in diameter are not visible to the naked eye.
The laboratory worker is generally not aware that such particles are being generated and may be inhaled or may cross contaminate work surface materials.
BSCs, when properly used, have been shown to be highly effective in reducing laboratory-acquired infections and cross-contaminations of cultures due to aerosol exposures. BSCs also protect the environment.
Most BSCs use high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters in the exhaust and supply systems.
The exception is a Class I BSC, which does not have HEPA filtered supply air.
Laboratory Hazards, Accidents and Safety RulesTapeshwar Yadav
Injury, damage and loss by fire can be minimized when laboratory staff:
Understand how fires are caused and spread;
Reduce the risk of fire by following fire safety regulations at all times;
Know what to do if there is a fire in their laboratory;
Know how to use fire fighting equipment;
Know how to apply emergency First Aid, for burns.
deals with biosafety in medical labs. universal safety precautions included. Includes updated 8 categories and colour coding for BMW management. Being a budding microbiologist, kept it focused on microbiology lab
Centrifugation principle and types by Dr. Anurag YadavDr Anurag Yadav
concept of cnetrifugation,
basic Principle
centrifugal force
types of centrifugation based on use and rotor type
application of the each type of centrifuge
Ultracentrifuge in detail
application in general
deals with biosafety in medical labs. universal safety precautions included. Includes updated 8 categories and colour coding for BMW management. Being a budding microbiologist, kept it focused on microbiology lab
Centrifugation principle and types by Dr. Anurag YadavDr Anurag Yadav
concept of cnetrifugation,
basic Principle
centrifugal force
types of centrifugation based on use and rotor type
application of the each type of centrifuge
Ultracentrifuge in detail
application in general
PPE is used to reduce or minimize the exposure or contact to injurious physical, chemical, ergonomic, or biological agents. A hazard cannot be eliminated by PPE, but the risk of injury can be reduced. this slide show explain How to Use PPE's
The application of knowledge, techniques and equipment to prevent a personal laboratory and environmental exposure to potentially infectious agents or biohazard is known as biosafety.
Biosafety defines the containment conditions under which infectious agents can be safely manipulated.
The objective of containment is to confine biohazard and to reduce the potential exposure of the laboratory worker, persons outside of the laboratory, and the environment to potentially infectious agents.
Biosafety is the application of safety precautions that reduce a Laboratory based risk of exposure to a potentially infectious material and limit contamination of the working and surrounding environment.
The primary principle of biosafety is “Containment”.
Containment
The action of keeping harmful things under control and within limits
Or
A series of safe methods for managing infectious bacteria in the laboratory.
ATCC y otros reguladores internacionales de bioderivados. Introduction to mic...Dr. Manuel Concepción
En la siguiente podemos ver como se integran productos terminados industriales sobre procesos de diagnóstico y tratamientos estandarizados, en este caso estamos hablando de bioreactores industriales y procesos de criogenización y liofilización, que son el stage 1 de un proceso industrial de biotecnología. Por que existen estas compañías certificadoras para que sociedades AEMED como la nuestra tengan una guía sobre la cual basar sus avances, hay muchas organizaciones privadas, públicas, y gubernamentales que se dedican a esto, elegí ATCC por que da formación específica gratuita y son asequibles y pueden colaborar en el futuro si AEMED esta a la altura con un proyecto propio.
Biosafety is the precautionary measure that reduce laboratory risk to exposure of microbe . This power point by Lamria Agnes Meilani base on WHO standard .
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
2. Table of content
Molecular biology laboratory
Biosafety
Principles of Biosafety
Risk assessment
Standard molecular biological
practices
Laboratory facilities
Safety equipment
3. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
LABORTARY
Molecular biology laboratory is
a place where work is being
done to advance understanding
of biological processes at the
molecular level providing the
knowledge needed to solve key
problems in human health .
4. Biosafety
The application of knowledge, techniques and
equipment to prevent personal, laboratory and
environmental exposure to potentially infectious
agents or biohazards.
5. Principles of Biosafety
A fundamental objective of any biosafety in
molecular biology laboratory program is the
containment of potentially harmful biological
agents.
6. Principles of
Biosafety
Containment
The term “containment” is
used in describing
safe methods
facilities
equipment
for managing infectious
materials in the laboratory
environment where they
are being handled or
maintained
7. Principles of
Biosafety
Purpose
The purpose of
containment is to reduce
or eliminate exposure of
laboratory workers, other
persons, and the outside
environment to
potentially hazardous
agents.
8. Laboratory Practices and
Technique
Persons working with infectious agents or
potentially infected materials must be
aware of potential hazards,
must be trained and
proficient in the practices and techniques
required for handling such material safely
9. Work and Risk Assessment
The work scope must be defined and the
hazards and risks must be assessed before
work begins.
risk group classification is to be used for
laboratory work only.
10. Risk group classification
Risk Group 1(no or low individual and
community risk)
Risk Group 2 (moderate individual risk, low
community risk
Risk Group 3 (high individual risk, low
community risk)
Risk Group 4 (high individual and
community risk)
12. Bags, lab coats, books etc. should be placed at
specified locations
13. Food Facilities and Eating
Eating, drinking, smoking, handlin
g contact lenses, applying
cosmetics, and storing food for
human consumption are not
permitted in laboratory areas.
Food must be stored outside the
laboratory area in cabinets or
refrigerators designated and used
for this purpose.
15. Washing hands
Persons must wash their hands after working
with potentially hazardous materials and
before leaving the laboratory
16. Safe handling of
sharps
Policies for the safe handling of sharps, such
as needles, scalpels, pipettes, and broken
glassware must be developed and
implemented. Whenever practical, laboratory
supervisors should adopt improved
engineering and work practice controls that
reduce risk of sharps
17. Precautions
Careful management of needles and other sharps are of primary
importance. Needles must not be
bent, sheared, broken, recapped, removed from disposable syringes, or
otherwise manipulated by hand before disposal.
Used disposable needles and syringes must be carefully placed in
conveniently located puncture-resistant containers used for sharps
disposal.
Non-disposable sharps must be placed in a hard walled container for
transport to a processing area for decontamination, preferably by
autoclaving.
Broken glassware must not be handled directly. Instead, it must be
removed using a brush and dustpan, tongs, or forceps. Plastic ware
should be substituted for glassware whenever possible.
19. The work area should be cleaned and
maintained in a sanitary condition.
• Surfaces or equipment where work with
biological materials is conducted should be
routinely decontaminated.
21. Continued…
Live cultures can be treated with Clorox bleach
or autoclaved.
Do not toss out into
regular trash or down drains without
autoclaving.
23. Electricity
The voltages used for electrophoresis are
sufficient to cause electrocution. Cover the
buffer reservoirs during electrophoresis.
Always turn off the power supply and unplug
the leads before removing a gel.
28. Labels and Signs
Biological materials, agents, waste, potentially
contaminated items, and laboratory rooms must be
properly identified with labels, signs, or colors.
Identification is needed so that
responsibilities, material identities, hazards, or
controls are communicated to workers, visitors, and
others.
30. Labeled Apparatus
Since you will use common facilities, all
solutions and everything stored in an
incubator, refrigerator, etc. must be labeled
31. Material Safety Data Sheets for
chemicals
A number of chemicals used in
any molecular biology
laboratory are hazardous.
MSD’s contains information
chemical name,
health hazard data,
including first aid treatment,
physical data
fire explosion hazard data
reactivity data,
spill or leak procedures
any special precautions needed
when handling this chemicals.
32. Doors for access control
Laboratories should have doors for access
control
33. Drains and Disposal
The laboratory should be designed so that it
can be easily cleaned. Carpets and rugs in
laboratories are not appropriate
34. Control Access
The laboratory supervisor must enforce the
institutional policies that control access to
the laboratory.
Animals and plants not associated with the
work being performed must not be permitted
in the laboratory
35. Security
Laboratory doors should be self-
closing and have locks
the hosting of visitors and the
issuance of gate
passes, badges, and/or keys to
control access to the
site, building, and/or room based
on each individual’s business
needs
36. Storage of infectious
material
Potentially infectious materials must be placed
in a durable, leak proof container during
collection
handling,
processing
storage
transport within a facility.
41. Face protection
Face protection is a safety device such as a face
mask, face shield, or other splatter guard worn
over all or part of the face to protect the face
from injury or exposure to biological agents.
42. Hand Protection
Hand protection is a glove or other safety
device used on the hand to prevent injury to
the hand or direct skin contact with biological
materials.
43. EYE PROTECTION
Exposure to ultraviolet light can
cause acute eye irritation. Since
the retina cannot detect UV
light, you can have serious eye
damage and not realize it until
30 min to 24 hours after
exposure. Therefore, always
wear appropriate eye
protection when using UV
lamps.
Use UV goggles and common
sense when working with the
UV light box.
44. Vaccination
The use of vaccines may provide an
increased level of personal protection
Laboratory personnel receive
appropriate immunizations or tests
for the agents handled or potentially
present in the laboratory
(e.g., hepatitis B vaccine or TB skin
testing)Cultures, tissues, specimens
of body fluids, or potentially
infectious wastes
49. Facility Design
The design of a facility is important in
providing a barrier to protect people working
inside and outside the laboratory, and to
protect people or animals in the community
from infectious agents which may be
accidentally released from the laboratory.
50. Design features
specialized ventilation systems to assure
directional airflow, air treatment systems to
decontaminate or remove agents from
exhaust air
controlled access zones
51. Design features
airlocks at laboratory entrances
separate buildings or modules for isolation of
the laboratory.
60. Protection
Protection is achieved by:
Rigorous packaging
appropriate labeling
documentation of the
hazardous contents
training of workers
61. Working With Human and Other
Primate Cells and
Tissues
reported as resulting from the handling of
human and other primate cells, there is a more
significant risk to acquiring infection with HBV
or HIV from exposure to human blood and other
body fluids
62. Potential Laboratory Hazards.
chemical agents
(e.g. solvents and staining reagents),
physical agents
(e.g. radioisotopes),
biological agents
(e.g. viruses and bacteria).
Many of these substances are hazardous
(toxic, irritant, infectious, and allergenic) and
they also include known or suspected
carcinogens.
63. Diseases caused by Potential
Laboratory Hazards
certain cancers in
lymphoma
brain
thyroid among women
Leukemia
skin
lung
64. Guidelines for Work With Toxins
or hazards
The laboratory facilities, equipment, and
procedures appropriate for work with toxins of
biological origin must reflect the intrinsic level of
hazard posed by a particular toxin as well as the
potential risk s inherent in the operations
perform ed. If both toxins and infectious agents
are used, both must be considered when
containment equipment is selected and policies
and procedures are written. If animals are
used, animal safety practices must also be
considered
65. CONCLUSION
The objective of containment is to confine
biohazards and to reduce the potential
exposure of the laboratory worker, persons
outside of the laboratory, and the
environment to potentially infectious agents.