A lecture on molecular docking that I give for master students at University Paris Diderot.
Warning: this presentation has numerous animations which are not included in the slideshare document.
https://florentbarbault.wordpress.com/
In this slide I presented the Computer Aided Drug Design and its type :
1.Structure based Drug Design
2. Ligand based Drug Design and its Applications.
In silico drug designing is the drug design which can be carried out in silicon chip,i.e., within computers. The slides are helpful to know a brief description about in silico drug designing.
A lecture on molecular docking that I give for master students at University Paris Diderot.
Warning: this presentation has numerous animations which are not included in the slideshare document.
https://florentbarbault.wordpress.com/
In this slide I presented the Computer Aided Drug Design and its type :
1.Structure based Drug Design
2. Ligand based Drug Design and its Applications.
In silico drug designing is the drug design which can be carried out in silicon chip,i.e., within computers. The slides are helpful to know a brief description about in silico drug designing.
Computer Added Drug Design is one of the latest technology of medicine world. This short slide will help you to know a little about CADD.If you want to know a vast plz go throw the reference book.
Various Computational Tools used in Drug DesignFirujAhmed2
Drug discovery is the process of identifying and developing new medications or drugs to treat diseases and improve human health. It involves a multidisciplinary approach that combines scientific research, experimentation, and testing to discover and create effective and safe pharmaceutical compounds.
Drug design, is the inventive process of finding new medications based on the knowledge of a biological target. The drug is most commonly an organic small molecule that activates or inhibits the function of a biomolecule such as a protein, which in turn results in a therapeutic benefit to the patient.
The techniques of drug designing and in silico studies are well defines in this presentation. Mooreover, the various softwares which are used in new era for determining the drug targets inside the body are elaborated.
In spite of extensive effort by industry and academia to develop new drugs, there are still several diseases that are in need of therapeutic agents and have yet to be developed.
10 years the identification rate of disease-associated targets has been higher than the therapeutics identification rate.
Nevertheless, it is apparent that computational tools provide high hopes that many of the diseases under investigation can be brought under control.
DRUG DESIGN BASED ON BIOINFORMATICS TOOLSNIPER MOHALI
Drug design is a very complex process it takes many more times but using the these specific tools we can reduce complex process and save the time and produce a effective new drug that will be helpful in heath environment.
Role of computer in the discovery of drugsAmjad Afridi
A drug may be defined as “a chemical entity that when consumed/injected, results in the control or eradication of a particular disease/infection”.
Drug discovery is a pipeline process involved in the evolution of drugs and involves “genes to drugs” strategy.
Identifying the gene responsible for a particular disease process and finally evolving a drug to combat the disease-these three forms the main areas in this strategy.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
3. Drug
A chemical substance that affects the
processes of the mind or body which is used
in
diagnosis
Treatment
prevention
of disease or other abnormal condition.
4. DRUG DESIGN
Drug design, is the inventive process of
finding new medications based on the
knowledge of a biological target.
6. Drug designing…..
This molecule will:
interact with target
bind to the target
activates or inhibits the function of a
biomolecule such as a protein
8. Types of drug design
1. Ligand based drug design
2. Structure based drug design
9. Ligand based drug design
• Ligand-based drug design
relies on knowledge of other
molecules that bind to the
biological target of interest
• used to derive a
pharmacophore
10. Structure based drug design
Structure-based drug design
relies on knowledge of the
three dimensional structure
of the biological target
obtained through methods
such as
x-ray crystallography
NMR spectroscopy.
homology modeling
11. Structure based drug
design…..
• Using the structure of the biological target,
drugs that are predicted to bind with to the
target may be designed using
interactive graphics
the intuition of a medicinal chemist.
automated computational procedures
13. X-ray crystallography
starting point for gathering information from
mechanistic drug design.
determine structural information about a
molecule.
provides the critically important coordinates
needed for the handling of data by computer
modeling system.
14. NuclearMagnetic Resonance (NMR)
NMR uses much softer radiation
examine molecules in the more
mobile liquid phase
three-dimensional information will
be obtained.
examine small molecule-
macromolecule complexes, such as
an enzyme inhibitor in the active site
of the enzyme.
15. HOMOLOGY MODELING:
Homology modeling, also known as
comparative modeling of protein, refers to
constructing an atomic-resolution model of
the "target" and an experimental three-
dimensional structure of a related
homologous protein (the "template").
17. Computer Aided Drug design
• CADD represents computational methods and
resources that are used to facilitate the
design and discovery of new therapeutic
solutions.
19. Screening for new drugs
Plants or Natural Product
Plant and Natural products were source for medical
substance
Example: foxglove used to treat heart failure
Accidental Observations
Penicillin is one good example
Alexander Fleming observed the effect of mold.
20. Modifications for improvement
• Modifications to improve performance are
often carried out using chemical or bio
fermentative means to make changes in the
lead structure or its intermediates.
• for some natural products, the gene itself
may be engineered so that the producer
organism synthesizes the modified compound
directly.
21. Mechanism based drug design
• When the disease process is understood at
the molecular level and the target
molecule(s) are defined, drugs can be
designed specifically to interact with the
target molecule in such a way as to disrupt
the disease.
23. 1. Selection of disease
• The first step in the design of drugs to treat diseases is to
determine the biochemical basis of the disease process.
• Ideally, one would know the various steps involved in the
physiological pathway that carries out the normal function. In
addition, one would know the exact step(s) in the pathway
that are altered in the diseased state.
• Knowledge about the regulation of the pathway is also
important. Finally, one would know the three- dimensional
structures of the molecules involved in the process.
24. Target selection
• There are potentially many ways in which
biochemical
pathways could become abnormal and result in
disease.
• Therefore, knowledge of the molecular basis
of the disease is
important in order to select a target at which
to disrupt the
process.
25. Target selection
Categories of targets:
Target for mechanistic drug design usually fall
into three:
enzymes,
receptors
nucleic acids.
28. Determination of active site of
target protein
Only a small part of a lead compounds may
be involved in the appropriate interaction.
The relevant groups on a molecule that
interact with the receptor and are
responsible for activity are collectively
known as pharmacophore.
30. Molecular docking
• Docking is a method which predicts the
preferred orientation of one molecule to a
second when bound to each other to form a
stable complex.
31. • Flexible docking programs like DOCK,
AutoDock and Molecular Operating
Environment (MOE) enable user to predict
favorable biological target–ligand complex
structures with reasonable accuracy and
speed.
32. AutoDock
AutoDock is a suite of automated docking
tools. It is designed to predict how small
molecules, such as substrates or drug
candidates, bind to a receptor of known 3D
structure.
33. Visualization of docked
complex
The docked complex is then visualized and
studied using a software like VMD (Visual
Molecular Dynamics).
35. 35
Retrieving 3D structures
• first step for protein visualization is to extract the protein
structure from a structure database in specific file
formats like PDB format or Cn3D format,which would
serve as input for the 3D visualization programs.
36. Retrieving from PDB database
• protein data bank(PDB)
• -http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/home/home.do
41. What isVMD?
• VMD (Visual Molecular Dynamics) is a molecular visualization program for
displaying,
• animating, and analyzing large biomolecular systems such as proteins, nucleic
acids, lipid bilayer
• assemblies, etc. using 3-D graphics and built-in scripting. VMD supports computers
running
• MacOS X, Unix, or Windows, is distributed free of charge, and includes source
code. It may be
• used to view more general molecules, as VMD can read standard Protein Data
Bank (PDB) files
• and display the contained structure. VMD provides a wide variety of methods for
rendering and
• coloring a molecule. VMD can be used to animate and analyze the trajectory of a
molecular
• dynamics (MD) simulation. In particular, VMD can act as a graphical front end for
an external
• MD program by displaying and animating a molecule undergoing simulationon a
remote
• computer.
42. Key Features of VMD
• General 3-D molecular visualization with extensive drawing and coloring
methods
• Extensive atom selection syntax for choosing subsets of atoms for display
• Visualization of dynamic molecular data
• Visualization of volumetric data
• Supports all major molecular data file formats
• No limits on the number of molecules or trajectory frames, except available
memory
• Molecular analysis commands
• Rendering high-resolution, publication-quality molecule images
• Movie making capability
• Building and preparing systems for molecular dynamics simulations
• Interactive molecular dynamics simulations
• Extensions to the Tcl/Python scripting languages
• Extensible source code written in C and C++
52. DRUG DISCOVERY:
Use of computing power to streamline drug
discovery and development process.
53. Elimination of compounds with
undesirable properties
Design of in silico filters to eliminate
compounds with undesirable properties (poor
activity and/or poor Absorption
Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and
Toxicity, ADMET) and select the most
promising candidates
54. Identify and optimize new
drugs
Leverage of chemical and biological
information about ligands and/or targets to
identify and optimize new drugs
55. Benefits
• TIME SAVING:
The process of drug discovery and
development is a long and difficult one, and
the costs of developing are increasing
rapidly. Today it takes appropriately 10years
and $100million to bring a new drug to
market.
56. REDUCED COST:
The use of new computer-based drug design
techniques has the ability to accomplish both
of these goals and to improve the efficiency
of the process as well, thus reducing costs.
57. • IMPROVE QUALITY OF LIFE:
The emphasis now is not just on finding new
ways to treat human disease, but also on
improving the quality of life of people in
general.