The document provides an overview of biopesticides, which are biological agents used to control pests through non-toxic means. It categorizes biopesticides into several types including microbial pesticides, plant-incorporated protectants, botanical pesticides, biochemical pesticides, and biotic agents. The advantages of biopesticides include safety for humans and non-target organisms, while disadvantages encompass slow effects and poor persistence.

1. U14BTE304-EnvironmentalBiotechnology
Biocontol Agents-Biopesticides
Presented by:
Kishor Kumar B
14BBT028

2. Biopesticides
• Bio means involving life or living organisms.
• Pesticide includes substance or mixture of
substances intended for preventing, destroying or
controlling any pest.
• Biopesticide refers introduction of any living
organism such as microorganism including
bacteria , fungi , nematodes viruses,protozoa and
parasitoids and predators that controls pests by
biological non-toxic means e.g. Trichoderma sp.,
Bacillus thuringiensis, Beauveria etc.

3. Types of Biopesticides
• Microbial pesticides
• Plant-incorporated-protectants (PIPs)
• Biochemical pesticides
• Botanical pesticides
• Biotic agents (parasitoids and predators)

4. Microbial pesticides
• Microbial pesticides are composed of microscopic
living organisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, or
nematodes) or toxin produced by these organisms
• Applied as conventional insecticidal sprays, dusts, or
granules.
• Their greatest strength is their specificity as most are
essentially nontoxic and non pathogenic to animals and
humans.
• Microbial pesticides includes insecticides, fungicides,
herbicides and growth regulators of microbial origin.

5. Some of the important microbial
pesticides
a. Bacillus thuringiensis
• Discovered in Japan in early 20th century and
first become a commercial product in France
in 1938.
b. Agrobacterium radiobacter (Agrocin)
• Agrobacterium radiobacter is used to treat
roots during transplanting,that checks crown
gall.

6. Plant-incorporated-protectants (PIPs)
• Pesticidal substances that plant produce from the
genetic material that has been added to the
plant.
• As the pest feed on such plants they will
eventually die.
Botanical pesticides:
• These are naturally occurring plant material that
may be crude preparation of the plant parts
ground to produce a dust or powder that can be
used in full strength or dilute form in a carrier
such as clay, talc or diatomaceous earth.

7. Important botanical pesticides
Neem oil Rotenone

8. Biochemical pesticides
• They are naturally occurring substance to
control pest by non-toxic mechanisms.
• Biochemical pesticides include substances as
insect sex pheromones,that interfere with
mating that attract insect pest to traps.

9. Biotic agents/Natural enemies
• Predators
Lady beetles, rove beetles, many ground
beetles, lacewings.
• Parasitoids
Bathyplectes, trichogramma, encarsia.

10. Advantages
• Difficult for insects to develop resistance to these
pesticides
• Safe to natural enemies and higher organisms
• Biodegradable : Rapid degradation of the active
ingredient make it more acceptable.
• Cheaper, renewable, can be handled safely
• Often have other uses like household insect
repellents or are plants with medicinal properties
• Most are compatible with insecticides and
microbial agents

11. Disadvantages
• Slow effect
• Lack persistence and wide spectrum activity
• Rapidly degraded by UV light so residual action is slow
• Effective dose is higher i. e. 30 ml/10L especially in
neem
• Seasonal availability of plant products indicates the
need for their storage
• Not easily available everywhere
• Poor water solubility and are generally not systemic in
nature

12. THANK YOU