Content Introduction Characteristics Types of Bio-pesticide Microbial pesticide Biochemical pesticide Plant Incorporated protectants Production of Bio pesticide Advantages Disadvantages Reference

1. Presented by
Chandrakant
(Microbiology)

2. Content
 Introduction
 Characteristics
 Types of Bio-pesticide
 Microbial pesticide
 Biochemical pesticide
 Plant Incorporated protectants
 Production of Bio pesticide
 Advantages
 Disadvantages

3. Introduction of pesticide
 Pesticide are chemical substances that are meant to kill
pests
 In general a pesticides is a chemical or a biological
agent such as a virus , bacterium , anti microbial

4. Type of pesticide
 These are grouped according to the types of pests which
they kill
 Insecticide – insects
 Herbicide – plants
 Rodenticide – rodent (rate & mice)
 Bactericide – bacteria
 Fungicide – fungi
 Larvicides - larvae

5. Benefits of pesticides
 Protecting crops from insects and other
pests
 Controlling pests and plant disease
vector
 Controlling organisms that harm other
human activities and structures

6. Effect of pesticide
 Any harmful effects that occur from small doses repeated
over a period of time are termed “chronic effects “
 Suspected chronic effects from exposure to certain
pesticides include-:
 Birth defects
 Toxicity to a fetus
 Genetic changes
 Blood disorders
 Nerve disorders

7. Function of pesticide
 Protect plant or plant products against pests/disease
before or after harvest
 Influence the life processes of plants
 Preserve plant products
 Destroy or prevent growth of undesired plants or parts
of plants

8. Bio-pesticide

9. Introduction
 Bio pesticide are certain type pesticides derived from
such natural material
 Ie- plants , animals , microbes or any other biologically
available source
 Plant protection agents
 Control pets by non toxic mechanisms

10. Characteristics
 They have a narrow target range and highly specific
mode of action
 They are slow acting
 They suppress pest populations
 They are often used as part of integrated pest
management program (IPM)
 They are generally safer to humans and the
environment than conventional pesticides

11. Types
 Microbial pesticide
 Bio chemical pesticide
 Plant incorporated protectants
 Microbial Pesticide-it consist’s of a
microorganisms such as , bacterium
fungus , virus & protozoan etc as
the active ingredients
 it can control many different kinds
of pets although each separate
active ingredient is relatively
specific for it’s target pest
 Ie- Bacillus Thuringiensis

12. Bacillus Thuringiensis
 Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) is a soil
borne bacteria
 BT was first discovered in 1901 by a
japanese scientist investigating the
decline in silkworm moth populations
which he attributed to the rode
shaped , gram-positive bacterium
 Has been used since the 1950s for
natural insect control
 It consists of a spore which gives it
persistence and a protein crystal
within the spore which is toxic

13.  that toxic protein differs depending on the subspecies it
makes proteins that are toxic to some insect when eaten
, but not others
 BT action is very specific
 Different strain of BT are specific to different receptors
in insect gut wall
 Bt toxicity depends on recognising receptors damage to
the gut by the toxic occurs upon binding to a receptor
each insect species possess different types of receptors
that will match only certain toxin proteins like a lock to
key

14. How Does BT Work
 Insect eats Bt crystals and spore’s
 The toxin binds to specific receptors in the gut and the
insects stops eating
 The crystals cause the gut wall to break down allowing
spore’s and normal gut bacteria to enter the body
 The insect dies as spore’s and gut bacteria proliferation in
the body

16. Bio chemical pesticides
 Biochemical pesticides are naturally
occurring substances that pests by non-
toxic mechanisms.
 Conventional pesticides by contrast are
generally synthetic material that directly
kill or inactivate the pest.
 Eg- neem oil extract

17. Plant incorporated protectants
 Pips are pesticidal substance that
plants produce from genetic material
that has been added to the plant.
 For ex- The gene from the BT
pesticidal protein and introduce the
gene into the plants own genetic
material.
 Then the plant instead of the
bacterium manufactures the
substance that destroys the peats.

18. Production of bio pesticide

19. Raw Material-:
 May be Organic or inorganic compound
 Different raw material for different pesticide
Reactor System-:
 Chemical process takes place in the presence of chemicals such ass
Oxidation nitration condensation etc
Fractioning system-:
 Separation process in which certain quantity of a mixture (solid ,
liquid , solute suspension or isotopes) is divide up in a number of
fractions in which composition change

20. Dryer-:
 Removal of water or other solvent by evaporation
from solid , semi- solid or liquid
 Final production steps before selling or packaging
products
Scrubber -:
To remove priority pollutants from pesticide using
scrubbing liquor
Waste water go to treatment plant
Packaging -:
 packed in dry and clean containers eg- drums type
depend on type of pesticide
 Capacity is 10, 25,50 ,100 ,200 lits.

21. Advantage of Bio-pesticide
 These are usually less toxic than conventional pesticide
 It affects only the target pests and closely related
organisms
 No harmful residue
 Environmental friendly
 Cost effective
 Improve food quality

22. Disadvantage of Bio-pesticide
 Bio-pesticide are high specific in action that it requires
an exact identification of the pest
 Slow speed of action that is unsuitable in an immediate
treatment of crops
 Difficult in culturing in a large quantity

23. Reference
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