SlideShare a Scribd company logo
BIOLOGY

Unit 4 Notes:
Meiosis
(1) What is Meiosis?
• Cell division for sex-cells.
• Sex Cells:
– Are also called Gametes.
– Sperm in Males
– Eggs in Females
(2) What happens during Meiosis?
• There are 2 divisions.
• Start with 1 cell and end up with 4 genetically
unique cells.
• Start “2n” or “Diploid”  End “1n” or “Haploid”
• 1n = Haploid = ½ Set of Genetic Information
– In Humans that means that each sperm or egg cell
should have 23 chromosomes.
(3) Meiosis Phases
• Meiosis-1:
– Start with 1 cell and end with 2
– Prophase, Metaphase-1, Anaphase-1, Telophase-1,
Cytokinesis-1
– Crossing Over occurs
– Homologous Pairs of Chromosomes

• Meiosis-2:
–
–
–
–
–

Start with 2 cells and end with 4
Metaphase-2, Anaphase-2, Telophase-2, Cytokinesis-2
Pairs of Sister Chromatids
Law of Independent Assortment
Law of Segregation
(4) Meiosis-1 Details
• Prophase:
Chromosomes form + Nucleus dissolves.

• Metaphase-1:
Homologous pairs of chromosomes line up at the metaphase
plate.
Crossing Over occurs.
• Anaphase-1:
Homologous pairs of chromosomes separate.
• Telophase-1:
Chromosomes are fully separated.
• Cytokinesis-1:
Cytoplasm splits and the cell membranes divide.
(5) Meiosis-1 Vocabulary:
• Homologous Pairs of Chromosomes 
– Pairs of sister chromatids with similar segments of DNA
(or genes.)
– Looks like 2 X’s.

• Crossing Over 
– When nearby chunks of DNA are exchanged between
homologous pairs of chromosomes.
– Used to increase genetic diversity.
(6) Meiosis-2:
• Metaphase-2:
Pairs of sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate.
• Anaphase-2:
Pairs of sister chromatids separate.
Law of Segregation.
Law of Independent Assortment.
• Telophase-2:
Chromosomes are fully separated.
Nuclei reform.
• Cytokinesis-2:
Cytoplasm splits and the cell membranes divide up.
(Drawing Time)
(7) Meiosis-2 Vocabulary:
• Sister Chromatids:
Identical copies of chromosomes.
• Law of Segregation:
Chromosomes split up so that each sex cell
receives a different variation of each gene.
• Law of Independent Assortment:
Chromosomes split up completely independent of
every other chromosome and gene variation.
(Drawing Time)
(8) Meiosis Errors
• When chromosomes do not separate correctly
during meiosis this can cause:
– Sex Cells to have too many chromosomes (more than
23).
– Sex cells to have too few chromosomes (less than 23).

• Individuals born from these sex cells will acquire a
genetic disorder from having the wrong number of
sex chromosomes.
Biology unit 4 cell division meiosis notes

More Related Content

What's hot

Meiosis2
Meiosis2Meiosis2
Meiosis2
Omar Jacalne
 
History of genetics
History of geneticsHistory of genetics
History of geneticsannaaquino21
 
Meiosis Reduction Division
Meiosis Reduction Division Meiosis Reduction Division
Meiosis Reduction Division
Lorraine Stratton
 
Chromosomal basis of heredity
Chromosomal basis of heredityChromosomal basis of heredity
Chromosomal basis of heredityBruno Mmassy
 
Meiosis Notes
Meiosis NotesMeiosis Notes
Meiosis Notesdocsawyer
 
The Central Dogma: An Introduction
The Central Dogma: An IntroductionThe Central Dogma: An Introduction
The Central Dogma: An Introduction
Garry D. Lasaga
 
10.2 - HL Biology Inheritance
10.2 - HL Biology Inheritance10.2 - HL Biology Inheritance
10.2 - HL Biology Inheritance
Reitmans
 
Molecular genetics ppt
Molecular genetics pptMolecular genetics ppt
Molecular genetics pptFrancine Diaz
 
History of genetics
History of geneticsHistory of genetics
History of genetics
mahaiub
 
Genetics unit notes
Genetics unit notesGenetics unit notes
Genetics unit notes
jschmied
 
6.2 Meiosis
6.2 Meiosis6.2 Meiosis
6.2 Meiosiskpytel
 
Patterns of inheritance non mendelian inheritance
Patterns of inheritance non mendelian inheritancePatterns of inheritance non mendelian inheritance
Patterns of inheritance non mendelian inheritance
Dr. Samira Fattah
 
Homologous chromosomes
Homologous chromosomesHomologous chromosomes
Homologous chromosomesjayarajgr
 
11 how cells read the genome :from DNA to Protein
11  how cells read the genome :from DNA to Protein11  how cells read the genome :from DNA to Protein
11 how cells read the genome :from DNA to Protein
saveena solanki
 
Genetic Fingerprinting
Genetic FingerprintingGenetic Fingerprinting
Genetic Fingerprintingscuffruff
 
Cellular division
Cellular divisionCellular division
Cellular division
AJAL A J
 
Chromosomal theory of heredity. Genetics of a sex
Chromosomal theory of heredity. Genetics of a sexChromosomal theory of heredity. Genetics of a sex
Chromosomal theory of heredity. Genetics of a sex
Eneutron
 
Mendelian Genetics
Mendelian GeneticsMendelian Genetics
Mendelian Genetics
mpattani
 
Mitosis ppt
Mitosis pptMitosis ppt
Mitosis ppt
Allison Miller
 

What's hot (20)

Meiosis2
Meiosis2Meiosis2
Meiosis2
 
History of genetics
History of geneticsHistory of genetics
History of genetics
 
Meiosis Reduction Division
Meiosis Reduction Division Meiosis Reduction Division
Meiosis Reduction Division
 
Chromosomal basis of heredity
Chromosomal basis of heredityChromosomal basis of heredity
Chromosomal basis of heredity
 
Meiosis Notes
Meiosis NotesMeiosis Notes
Meiosis Notes
 
The Central Dogma: An Introduction
The Central Dogma: An IntroductionThe Central Dogma: An Introduction
The Central Dogma: An Introduction
 
10.2 - HL Biology Inheritance
10.2 - HL Biology Inheritance10.2 - HL Biology Inheritance
10.2 - HL Biology Inheritance
 
Molecular genetics ppt
Molecular genetics pptMolecular genetics ppt
Molecular genetics ppt
 
History of genetics
History of geneticsHistory of genetics
History of genetics
 
Genetics unit notes
Genetics unit notesGenetics unit notes
Genetics unit notes
 
6.2 Meiosis
6.2 Meiosis6.2 Meiosis
6.2 Meiosis
 
Patterns of inheritance non mendelian inheritance
Patterns of inheritance non mendelian inheritancePatterns of inheritance non mendelian inheritance
Patterns of inheritance non mendelian inheritance
 
Homologous chromosomes
Homologous chromosomesHomologous chromosomes
Homologous chromosomes
 
11 how cells read the genome :from DNA to Protein
11  how cells read the genome :from DNA to Protein11  how cells read the genome :from DNA to Protein
11 how cells read the genome :from DNA to Protein
 
Genetic Fingerprinting
Genetic FingerprintingGenetic Fingerprinting
Genetic Fingerprinting
 
Cellular division
Cellular divisionCellular division
Cellular division
 
Chromosomal theory of heredity. Genetics of a sex
Chromosomal theory of heredity. Genetics of a sexChromosomal theory of heredity. Genetics of a sex
Chromosomal theory of heredity. Genetics of a sex
 
Mendelian Genetics
Mendelian GeneticsMendelian Genetics
Mendelian Genetics
 
Mitosis ppt
Mitosis pptMitosis ppt
Mitosis ppt
 
Mitosis & meiosis lesson 3
Mitosis & meiosis   lesson 3Mitosis & meiosis   lesson 3
Mitosis & meiosis lesson 3
 

Viewers also liked

Biology unit 4 cell division types of reproduction
Biology unit 4 cell division types of reproductionBiology unit 4 cell division types of reproduction
Biology unit 4 cell division types of reproductionrozeka01
 
Biology unit 4 cell division mitosis notes
Biology unit 4 cell division mitosis notesBiology unit 4 cell division mitosis notes
Biology unit 4 cell division mitosis notesrozeka01
 
Meiosis Flipbook
Meiosis FlipbookMeiosis Flipbook
Meiosis Flipbook
kazspazz6
 
Biology unit 4 cell division quiz #2 everything you need to know
Biology unit 4 cell division quiz #2 everything you need to knowBiology unit 4 cell division quiz #2 everything you need to know
Biology unit 4 cell division quiz #2 everything you need to knowrozeka01
 
Biology Unit 4: Mitosis Notes
Biology Unit 4: Mitosis NotesBiology Unit 4: Mitosis Notes
Biology Unit 4: Mitosis Notes
rozeka01
 
Biology unit 4 cell division cell division basics and the cell cycle notes
Biology unit 4 cell division cell division basics and the cell cycle notesBiology unit 4 cell division cell division basics and the cell cycle notes
Biology unit 4 cell division cell division basics and the cell cycle notesrozeka01
 
Cell Cycle Flipbook
Cell Cycle FlipbookCell Cycle Flipbook
Cell Cycle Flipbook
T. Reeves
 
Meiosis
MeiosisMeiosis
Meiosis
Engin Emlek
 
Meiosis flipbook
Meiosis flipbookMeiosis flipbook
Meiosis flipbook
Roosterton
 
Mitosis Flip Book
Mitosis Flip BookMitosis Flip Book
Mitosis Flip Bookanasonea
 
Mitosis vs. meiosis
Mitosis vs. meiosisMitosis vs. meiosis
Mitosis vs. meiosis
Pamela Stewart
 
Meiosis 1 and 2
Meiosis 1 and 2Meiosis 1 and 2
Meiosis 1 and 2
Xolani Masangwana
 
Crecimiento y reproducción celular
Crecimiento y reproducción celularCrecimiento y reproducción celular
Crecimiento y reproducción celularRosmakoch
 

Viewers also liked (16)

Biology unit 4 cell division types of reproduction
Biology unit 4 cell division types of reproductionBiology unit 4 cell division types of reproduction
Biology unit 4 cell division types of reproduction
 
Biology unit 4 cell division mitosis notes
Biology unit 4 cell division mitosis notesBiology unit 4 cell division mitosis notes
Biology unit 4 cell division mitosis notes
 
Meiosis!
Meiosis!Meiosis!
Meiosis!
 
Meiosis Flipbook
Meiosis FlipbookMeiosis Flipbook
Meiosis Flipbook
 
Biology unit 4 cell division quiz #2 everything you need to know
Biology unit 4 cell division quiz #2 everything you need to knowBiology unit 4 cell division quiz #2 everything you need to know
Biology unit 4 cell division quiz #2 everything you need to know
 
Meiosis
MeiosisMeiosis
Meiosis
 
Biology Unit 4: Mitosis Notes
Biology Unit 4: Mitosis NotesBiology Unit 4: Mitosis Notes
Biology Unit 4: Mitosis Notes
 
Biology unit 4 cell division cell division basics and the cell cycle notes
Biology unit 4 cell division cell division basics and the cell cycle notesBiology unit 4 cell division cell division basics and the cell cycle notes
Biology unit 4 cell division cell division basics and the cell cycle notes
 
Ami236
Ami236Ami236
Ami236
 
Cell Cycle Flipbook
Cell Cycle FlipbookCell Cycle Flipbook
Cell Cycle Flipbook
 
Meiosis
MeiosisMeiosis
Meiosis
 
Meiosis flipbook
Meiosis flipbookMeiosis flipbook
Meiosis flipbook
 
Mitosis Flip Book
Mitosis Flip BookMitosis Flip Book
Mitosis Flip Book
 
Mitosis vs. meiosis
Mitosis vs. meiosisMitosis vs. meiosis
Mitosis vs. meiosis
 
Meiosis 1 and 2
Meiosis 1 and 2Meiosis 1 and 2
Meiosis 1 and 2
 
Crecimiento y reproducción celular
Crecimiento y reproducción celularCrecimiento y reproducción celular
Crecimiento y reproducción celular
 

Similar to Biology unit 4 cell division meiosis notes

Biology Unit 4 Notes: Meiosis
Biology Unit 4 Notes: MeiosisBiology Unit 4 Notes: Meiosis
Biology Unit 4 Notes: Meiosis
rozeka01
 
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity reproduction and meiosis notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity reproduction and meiosis notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 4 heredity reproduction and meiosis notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity reproduction and meiosis notes_v1516
rozeka01
 
Mitosis and meiosis
Mitosis and meiosisMitosis and meiosis
Mitosis and meiosistracyconover
 
Dna replication, mitosis and the cell cycle
Dna replication, mitosis and the cell cycleDna replication, mitosis and the cell cycle
Dna replication, mitosis and the cell cycle
lumenalexis
 
DNA Replication, Mitosis, meiosis, and the Cell Cycle
DNA Replication, Mitosis, meiosis, and the Cell CycleDNA Replication, Mitosis, meiosis, and the Cell Cycle
DNA Replication, Mitosis, meiosis, and the Cell Cycle
Lumen Learning
 
Mitosis and meiosis
Mitosis and meiosisMitosis and meiosis
Mitosis and meiosis
tracyconover
 
Mitosis and meiosis
Mitosis and meiosisMitosis and meiosis
Mitosis and meiosis
tracyconover
 
Ch4cellreproduction
Ch4cellreproductionCh4cellreproduction
Ch4cellreproduction
CDA-PamelaOrtiz
 
Introduction to human genetic 2016
Introduction to human genetic 2016Introduction to human genetic 2016
Introduction to human genetic 2016
Mohamed Bakr
 
Celldivision.ppt
Celldivision.pptCelldivision.ppt
Celldivision.ppt
geetamahto2
 
JNL College ( Pallavi for Botany B.Sc Part I) Topic-Cell Division.pdf
JNL College ( Pallavi for Botany B.Sc Part I) Topic-Cell Division.pdfJNL College ( Pallavi for Botany B.Sc Part I) Topic-Cell Division.pdf
JNL College ( Pallavi for Botany B.Sc Part I) Topic-Cell Division.pdf
RajneeshTiwari27
 
Cell division
Cell divisionCell division
Cell division
AbhishekShah258
 
mitosis and meiosis 02152018.pptx
mitosis and meiosis 02152018.pptxmitosis and meiosis 02152018.pptx
mitosis and meiosis 02152018.pptx
sanarao25
 
Celldivision
CelldivisionCelldivision
Chapter 9- Mitosis and Meiosis (1).pptx
Chapter 9- Mitosis and Meiosis (1).pptxChapter 9- Mitosis and Meiosis (1).pptx
Chapter 9- Mitosis and Meiosis (1).pptx
sffsa
 
2 -C8f4.pptx
2  -C8f4.pptx2  -C8f4.pptx
2 -C8f4.pptx
NingCheng12
 
Cell Cycle-Mitosis and Meiosis (1).ppt
Cell Cycle-Mitosis and Meiosis (1).pptCell Cycle-Mitosis and Meiosis (1).ppt
Cell Cycle-Mitosis and Meiosis (1).ppt
menagailangkovan1
 
AP Cell Cycle-Mitosis and Meiosis (1).ppt
AP Cell Cycle-Mitosis and Meiosis (1).pptAP Cell Cycle-Mitosis and Meiosis (1).ppt
AP Cell Cycle-Mitosis and Meiosis (1).ppt
ChristineAnnLyneVeng
 

Similar to Biology unit 4 cell division meiosis notes (20)

Biology Unit 4 Notes: Meiosis
Biology Unit 4 Notes: MeiosisBiology Unit 4 Notes: Meiosis
Biology Unit 4 Notes: Meiosis
 
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity reproduction and meiosis notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity reproduction and meiosis notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 4 heredity reproduction and meiosis notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity reproduction and meiosis notes_v1516
 
Mitosis and meiosis
Mitosis and meiosisMitosis and meiosis
Mitosis and meiosis
 
Dna replication, mitosis and the cell cycle
Dna replication, mitosis and the cell cycleDna replication, mitosis and the cell cycle
Dna replication, mitosis and the cell cycle
 
DNA Replication, Mitosis, meiosis, and the Cell Cycle
DNA Replication, Mitosis, meiosis, and the Cell CycleDNA Replication, Mitosis, meiosis, and the Cell Cycle
DNA Replication, Mitosis, meiosis, and the Cell Cycle
 
Mitosis and meiosis
Mitosis and meiosisMitosis and meiosis
Mitosis and meiosis
 
Mitosis and meiosis
Mitosis and meiosisMitosis and meiosis
Mitosis and meiosis
 
Ch4cellreproduction
Ch4cellreproductionCh4cellreproduction
Ch4cellreproduction
 
Chapter 11
Chapter 11Chapter 11
Chapter 11
 
Meiosis Information
Meiosis InformationMeiosis Information
Meiosis Information
 
Introduction to human genetic 2016
Introduction to human genetic 2016Introduction to human genetic 2016
Introduction to human genetic 2016
 
Celldivision.ppt
Celldivision.pptCelldivision.ppt
Celldivision.ppt
 
JNL College ( Pallavi for Botany B.Sc Part I) Topic-Cell Division.pdf
JNL College ( Pallavi for Botany B.Sc Part I) Topic-Cell Division.pdfJNL College ( Pallavi for Botany B.Sc Part I) Topic-Cell Division.pdf
JNL College ( Pallavi for Botany B.Sc Part I) Topic-Cell Division.pdf
 
Cell division
Cell divisionCell division
Cell division
 
mitosis and meiosis 02152018.pptx
mitosis and meiosis 02152018.pptxmitosis and meiosis 02152018.pptx
mitosis and meiosis 02152018.pptx
 
Celldivision
CelldivisionCelldivision
Celldivision
 
Chapter 9- Mitosis and Meiosis (1).pptx
Chapter 9- Mitosis and Meiosis (1).pptxChapter 9- Mitosis and Meiosis (1).pptx
Chapter 9- Mitosis and Meiosis (1).pptx
 
2 -C8f4.pptx
2  -C8f4.pptx2  -C8f4.pptx
2 -C8f4.pptx
 
Cell Cycle-Mitosis and Meiosis (1).ppt
Cell Cycle-Mitosis and Meiosis (1).pptCell Cycle-Mitosis and Meiosis (1).ppt
Cell Cycle-Mitosis and Meiosis (1).ppt
 
AP Cell Cycle-Mitosis and Meiosis (1).ppt
AP Cell Cycle-Mitosis and Meiosis (1).pptAP Cell Cycle-Mitosis and Meiosis (1).ppt
AP Cell Cycle-Mitosis and Meiosis (1).ppt
 

More from rozeka01

Anatomy-Bad Fish Unit: Digestion Notes
Anatomy-Bad Fish Unit: Digestion NotesAnatomy-Bad Fish Unit: Digestion Notes
Anatomy-Bad Fish Unit: Digestion Notes
rozeka01
 
Anatomy-Bad Fish Unit: Cardiovascular Notes
Anatomy-Bad Fish Unit:  Cardiovascular NotesAnatomy-Bad Fish Unit:  Cardiovascular Notes
Anatomy-Bad Fish Unit: Cardiovascular Notes
rozeka01
 
MSTA 2018: "Starting From Scratch" (Katelyn Rozema)
MSTA 2018:  "Starting From Scratch"  (Katelyn Rozema)MSTA 2018:  "Starting From Scratch"  (Katelyn Rozema)
MSTA 2018: "Starting From Scratch" (Katelyn Rozema)
rozeka01
 
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity non mendelian genetics notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity non mendelian genetics notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 4 heredity non mendelian genetics notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity non mendelian genetics notes_v1516
rozeka01
 
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity mendelian genetics notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity mendelian genetics notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 4 heredity mendelian genetics notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity mendelian genetics notes_v1516
rozeka01
 
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity karyotyping notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity karyotyping notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 4 heredity karyotyping notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity karyotyping notes_v1516
rozeka01
 
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity protein synthesis notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity protein synthesis notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 4 heredity protein synthesis notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity protein synthesis notes_v1516
rozeka01
 
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity cell cycle notes
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity cell cycle notesThs general biology unit 4 heredity cell cycle notes
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity cell cycle notes
rozeka01
 
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity dna replication notes
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity dna replication notesThs general biology unit 4 heredity dna replication notes
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity dna replication notes
rozeka01
 
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity dna structure and function notes
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity dna structure and function notesThs general biology unit 4 heredity dna structure and function notes
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity dna structure and function notes
rozeka01
 
Ths general biology unit 3 cell processes homeostasis and feedback mechanisms...
Ths general biology unit 3 cell processes homeostasis and feedback mechanisms...Ths general biology unit 3 cell processes homeostasis and feedback mechanisms...
Ths general biology unit 3 cell processes homeostasis and feedback mechanisms...
rozeka01
 
Ths general biology unit 3 cell processes cell membrane transport notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 3 cell processes cell membrane transport notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 3 cell processes cell membrane transport notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 3 cell processes cell membrane transport notes_v1516
rozeka01
 
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies living organization notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies living organization notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies living organization notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies living organization notes_v1516
rozeka01
 
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies cells and organelles notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies cells and organelles notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies cells and organelles notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies cells and organelles notes_v1516
rozeka01
 
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies cell reactions and enzymes notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies cell reactions and enzymes notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies cell reactions and enzymes notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies cell reactions and enzymes notes_v1516
rozeka01
 
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies living organization notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies living organization notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies living organization notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies living organization notes_v1516
rozeka01
 
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies biomolecule notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies biomolecule notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies biomolecule notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies biomolecule notes_v1516
rozeka01
 
Ths general biology unit 1 our environment part 2_succession and biodiversity...
Ths general biology unit 1 our environment part 2_succession and biodiversity...Ths general biology unit 1 our environment part 2_succession and biodiversity...
Ths general biology unit 1 our environment part 2_succession and biodiversity...
rozeka01
 
Ths general biology unit 1 our environment part 2_climate change and human ac...
Ths general biology unit 1 our environment part 2_climate change and human ac...Ths general biology unit 1 our environment part 2_climate change and human ac...
Ths general biology unit 1 our environment part 2_climate change and human ac...
rozeka01
 
Ths general biology unit 1 our environment population changes and growth_v1516
Ths general biology unit 1 our environment population changes and growth_v1516Ths general biology unit 1 our environment population changes and growth_v1516
Ths general biology unit 1 our environment population changes and growth_v1516
rozeka01
 

More from rozeka01 (20)

Anatomy-Bad Fish Unit: Digestion Notes
Anatomy-Bad Fish Unit: Digestion NotesAnatomy-Bad Fish Unit: Digestion Notes
Anatomy-Bad Fish Unit: Digestion Notes
 
Anatomy-Bad Fish Unit: Cardiovascular Notes
Anatomy-Bad Fish Unit:  Cardiovascular NotesAnatomy-Bad Fish Unit:  Cardiovascular Notes
Anatomy-Bad Fish Unit: Cardiovascular Notes
 
MSTA 2018: "Starting From Scratch" (Katelyn Rozema)
MSTA 2018:  "Starting From Scratch"  (Katelyn Rozema)MSTA 2018:  "Starting From Scratch"  (Katelyn Rozema)
MSTA 2018: "Starting From Scratch" (Katelyn Rozema)
 
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity non mendelian genetics notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity non mendelian genetics notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 4 heredity non mendelian genetics notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity non mendelian genetics notes_v1516
 
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity mendelian genetics notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity mendelian genetics notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 4 heredity mendelian genetics notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity mendelian genetics notes_v1516
 
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity karyotyping notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity karyotyping notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 4 heredity karyotyping notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity karyotyping notes_v1516
 
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity protein synthesis notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity protein synthesis notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 4 heredity protein synthesis notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity protein synthesis notes_v1516
 
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity cell cycle notes
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity cell cycle notesThs general biology unit 4 heredity cell cycle notes
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity cell cycle notes
 
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity dna replication notes
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity dna replication notesThs general biology unit 4 heredity dna replication notes
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity dna replication notes
 
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity dna structure and function notes
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity dna structure and function notesThs general biology unit 4 heredity dna structure and function notes
Ths general biology unit 4 heredity dna structure and function notes
 
Ths general biology unit 3 cell processes homeostasis and feedback mechanisms...
Ths general biology unit 3 cell processes homeostasis and feedback mechanisms...Ths general biology unit 3 cell processes homeostasis and feedback mechanisms...
Ths general biology unit 3 cell processes homeostasis and feedback mechanisms...
 
Ths general biology unit 3 cell processes cell membrane transport notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 3 cell processes cell membrane transport notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 3 cell processes cell membrane transport notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 3 cell processes cell membrane transport notes_v1516
 
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies living organization notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies living organization notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies living organization notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies living organization notes_v1516
 
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies cells and organelles notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies cells and organelles notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies cells and organelles notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies cells and organelles notes_v1516
 
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies cell reactions and enzymes notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies cell reactions and enzymes notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies cell reactions and enzymes notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies cell reactions and enzymes notes_v1516
 
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies living organization notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies living organization notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies living organization notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies living organization notes_v1516
 
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies biomolecule notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies biomolecule notes_v1516Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies biomolecule notes_v1516
Ths general biology unit 2 our bodies biomolecule notes_v1516
 
Ths general biology unit 1 our environment part 2_succession and biodiversity...
Ths general biology unit 1 our environment part 2_succession and biodiversity...Ths general biology unit 1 our environment part 2_succession and biodiversity...
Ths general biology unit 1 our environment part 2_succession and biodiversity...
 
Ths general biology unit 1 our environment part 2_climate change and human ac...
Ths general biology unit 1 our environment part 2_climate change and human ac...Ths general biology unit 1 our environment part 2_climate change and human ac...
Ths general biology unit 1 our environment part 2_climate change and human ac...
 
Ths general biology unit 1 our environment population changes and growth_v1516
Ths general biology unit 1 our environment population changes and growth_v1516Ths general biology unit 1 our environment population changes and growth_v1516
Ths general biology unit 1 our environment population changes and growth_v1516
 

Recently uploaded

Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024
Tobias Schneck
 
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdfSmart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf
91mobiles
 
The Future of Platform Engineering
The Future of Platform EngineeringThe Future of Platform Engineering
The Future of Platform Engineering
Jemma Hussein Allen
 
AI for Every Business: Unlocking Your Product's Universal Potential by VP of ...
AI for Every Business: Unlocking Your Product's Universal Potential by VP of ...AI for Every Business: Unlocking Your Product's Universal Potential by VP of ...
AI for Every Business: Unlocking Your Product's Universal Potential by VP of ...
Product School
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: FIDO Security Aspects.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: FIDO Security Aspects.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: FIDO Security Aspects.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: FIDO Security Aspects.pdf
FIDO Alliance
 
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...
BookNet Canada
 
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with Parameters
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersEssentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with Parameters
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with Parameters
Safe Software
 
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI support
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportEpistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI support
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI support
Alan Dix
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdf
FIDO Alliance
 
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical Futures
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesSearch and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical Futures
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical Futures
Bhaskar Mitra
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: The WebAuthn API and Discoverable Credentials.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: The WebAuthn API and Discoverable Credentials.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: The WebAuthn API and Discoverable Credentials.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: The WebAuthn API and Discoverable Credentials.pdf
FIDO Alliance
 
Assuring Contact Center Experiences for Your Customers With ThousandEyes
Assuring Contact Center Experiences for Your Customers With ThousandEyesAssuring Contact Center Experiences for Your Customers With ThousandEyes
Assuring Contact Center Experiences for Your Customers With ThousandEyes
ThousandEyes
 
To Graph or Not to Graph Knowledge Graph Architectures and LLMs
To Graph or Not to Graph Knowledge Graph Architectures and LLMsTo Graph or Not to Graph Knowledge Graph Architectures and LLMs
To Graph or Not to Graph Knowledge Graph Architectures and LLMs
Paul Groth
 
When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...
When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...
When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...
Elena Simperl
 
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...
James Anderson
 
From Daily Decisions to Bottom Line: Connecting Product Work to Revenue by VP...
From Daily Decisions to Bottom Line: Connecting Product Work to Revenue by VP...From Daily Decisions to Bottom Line: Connecting Product Work to Revenue by VP...
From Daily Decisions to Bottom Line: Connecting Product Work to Revenue by VP...
Product School
 
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)
Ralf Eggert
 
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*
Frank van Harmelen
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
FIDO Alliance
 
How world-class product teams are winning in the AI era by CEO and Founder, P...
How world-class product teams are winning in the AI era by CEO and Founder, P...How world-class product teams are winning in the AI era by CEO and Founder, P...
How world-class product teams are winning in the AI era by CEO and Founder, P...
Product School
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024
 
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdfSmart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf
 
The Future of Platform Engineering
The Future of Platform EngineeringThe Future of Platform Engineering
The Future of Platform Engineering
 
AI for Every Business: Unlocking Your Product's Universal Potential by VP of ...
AI for Every Business: Unlocking Your Product's Universal Potential by VP of ...AI for Every Business: Unlocking Your Product's Universal Potential by VP of ...
AI for Every Business: Unlocking Your Product's Universal Potential by VP of ...
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: FIDO Security Aspects.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: FIDO Security Aspects.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: FIDO Security Aspects.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: FIDO Security Aspects.pdf
 
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...
 
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with Parameters
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersEssentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with Parameters
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with Parameters
 
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI support
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportEpistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI support
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI support
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdf
 
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical Futures
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesSearch and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical Futures
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical Futures
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: The WebAuthn API and Discoverable Credentials.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: The WebAuthn API and Discoverable Credentials.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: The WebAuthn API and Discoverable Credentials.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: The WebAuthn API and Discoverable Credentials.pdf
 
Assuring Contact Center Experiences for Your Customers With ThousandEyes
Assuring Contact Center Experiences for Your Customers With ThousandEyesAssuring Contact Center Experiences for Your Customers With ThousandEyes
Assuring Contact Center Experiences for Your Customers With ThousandEyes
 
To Graph or Not to Graph Knowledge Graph Architectures and LLMs
To Graph or Not to Graph Knowledge Graph Architectures and LLMsTo Graph or Not to Graph Knowledge Graph Architectures and LLMs
To Graph or Not to Graph Knowledge Graph Architectures and LLMs
 
When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...
When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...
When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...
 
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...
 
From Daily Decisions to Bottom Line: Connecting Product Work to Revenue by VP...
From Daily Decisions to Bottom Line: Connecting Product Work to Revenue by VP...From Daily Decisions to Bottom Line: Connecting Product Work to Revenue by VP...
From Daily Decisions to Bottom Line: Connecting Product Work to Revenue by VP...
 
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)
 
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
 
How world-class product teams are winning in the AI era by CEO and Founder, P...
How world-class product teams are winning in the AI era by CEO and Founder, P...How world-class product teams are winning in the AI era by CEO and Founder, P...
How world-class product teams are winning in the AI era by CEO and Founder, P...
 

Biology unit 4 cell division meiosis notes

  • 2. (1) What is Meiosis? • Cell division for sex-cells. • Sex Cells: – Are also called Gametes. – Sperm in Males – Eggs in Females
  • 3. (2) What happens during Meiosis? • There are 2 divisions. • Start with 1 cell and end up with 4 genetically unique cells. • Start “2n” or “Diploid”  End “1n” or “Haploid” • 1n = Haploid = ½ Set of Genetic Information – In Humans that means that each sperm or egg cell should have 23 chromosomes.
  • 4. (3) Meiosis Phases • Meiosis-1: – Start with 1 cell and end with 2 – Prophase, Metaphase-1, Anaphase-1, Telophase-1, Cytokinesis-1 – Crossing Over occurs – Homologous Pairs of Chromosomes • Meiosis-2: – – – – – Start with 2 cells and end with 4 Metaphase-2, Anaphase-2, Telophase-2, Cytokinesis-2 Pairs of Sister Chromatids Law of Independent Assortment Law of Segregation
  • 5.
  • 6. (4) Meiosis-1 Details • Prophase: Chromosomes form + Nucleus dissolves. • Metaphase-1: Homologous pairs of chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate. Crossing Over occurs. • Anaphase-1: Homologous pairs of chromosomes separate. • Telophase-1: Chromosomes are fully separated. • Cytokinesis-1: Cytoplasm splits and the cell membranes divide.
  • 7. (5) Meiosis-1 Vocabulary: • Homologous Pairs of Chromosomes  – Pairs of sister chromatids with similar segments of DNA (or genes.) – Looks like 2 X’s. • Crossing Over  – When nearby chunks of DNA are exchanged between homologous pairs of chromosomes. – Used to increase genetic diversity.
  • 8. (6) Meiosis-2: • Metaphase-2: Pairs of sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate. • Anaphase-2: Pairs of sister chromatids separate. Law of Segregation. Law of Independent Assortment. • Telophase-2: Chromosomes are fully separated. Nuclei reform. • Cytokinesis-2: Cytoplasm splits and the cell membranes divide up.
  • 10. (7) Meiosis-2 Vocabulary: • Sister Chromatids: Identical copies of chromosomes. • Law of Segregation: Chromosomes split up so that each sex cell receives a different variation of each gene. • Law of Independent Assortment: Chromosomes split up completely independent of every other chromosome and gene variation.
  • 12. (8) Meiosis Errors • When chromosomes do not separate correctly during meiosis this can cause: – Sex Cells to have too many chromosomes (more than 23). – Sex cells to have too few chromosomes (less than 23). • Individuals born from these sex cells will acquire a genetic disorder from having the wrong number of sex chromosomes.