Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil by using an ultrasonic tabular reactor

1.  Biodiesel production from
waste cooking oil by using
an ultrasonic tubular
reactor
SEMINAR TOPIC

2. Contents
 Introduction
 What is biodiesel?
 Properties of biodiesel
 Methods
 Procedure
 List of figures
 local survey
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Application
 Conclusion

3. Introduction
 For the last century, petroleum derived fuels have been the major
source of the worlds energy.
 It is predicted that fossil oil will be depleted in the near future. In
addition to that , environment concern have trigged the
examination of alternative energy sources.
 Future projections indicates that economics and energy need will
increase the focus on the production of synthetic fuels derived
from nonpetroleum sources, including biomass and waste product
among others.

4. What is biodiesel ?
 Biodiesel is an alternative fuel similar to conventional or
‘fossil’ diesel.
 Biodiesel can be produced from straight vegetable oil,
animal oil/fats, tallow and waste cooking oil.
 The process used to convert these oils to Biodiesel is
called transesterification.

5. Properties of biodiesel
 To design suitable plant for small scale production of biodiesel
process from waste cooking oil.
 To study the experimental variable for the production of biodiesel
conversion using ultrasonic tubular reactor.

6. Methods
 There are two basic methods of biodiesel production from oil and
fats.
1. Direct acid catalysed esterification of the oil with methanol.
2. Conversion of the oil to fatty acids, and then to methyl ester with
acid catalysis.

7. procedure
 Heat 250ml of the oil at 60o C to remove moisture content, by using heating
mantle.
 Add NaOH into 160 ml of methanol and heat separately. After 15 minutes mix
both solutions in a beaker.
 Add a magnetic needle to the mixture and place the mixture on the magnetic
stirrer + hotplate and the set the temperature to 60o . Start the stirring (800-
1000 rpm) and continue for about 25-30 minutes.
 After 30 minutes transfer the mixture into a separating flask and shake
thoroughly. Leave the mixture to settle for 24 hrs at room temperature to
separate the glycerin and crude biodiesel. Collect the two fractions in two
separate conical flasks.
 To improve the quality of biodiesel add equal amount of water into the conical
flask and shake thoroughly and leave the conical flask to settle. Decant the
water out. This can be done twice if required.

8. List of figures

9. local survey
Total no
shop
Total quantity
of oil used in
one year in
one city
Total quantity
of oil is left
after 4-5 times
use of oil (it
can’t use
further) in one
year in one
city
Percentage of
oil wastage
per year
Quantity of
biodesiel can
be produce
from one
liter waste
oil
approximat
ly
Quantity of
biodesiel can
be produce in
one year from
one city
21 83160 liter 52920 liter 63% 0.85 liter 44982 liters

10. Advantages
 Produced from Renewable Resources
 Can be Used in existing Diesel Engines
 Less Greenhouse Gas Emissions
 Biodegradable and Non-Toxic
 Better Fuel Economy
 Reduced Foreign Oil Dependance
 Less pollution emissions

11. Disadvantages
 Variation in Quality of Biodiesel
 Not Suitable for use in Low Temperatures
 Clogging in Engine
 Slight Increase in Nitrogen Oxide Emissions

12. Application
 Transportation
 Energy Generation
 Cooking
 Lubricate
 Remove paint and adhesive
 Create energy when fossil fuel runs out
 Reduce cost and need for imported oil

13. Conclusion
 This research has explored the application of ultrasonic tubular reactor to
synthesis biodiesel from waste cooking oil in a close system reactor.
 Comparison between ultrasonic tubular reactors with conventional ultrasonic
cleaner had similar enhancement effect on the transesterification reaction.
 However, both methods gave shorter reaction time (12-24 times) than the
mechanical stirring method. In ultrasonic tubular reactor has proved to be
highly efficient method to produce biodiesel at bench scale and definitely have
a high potential in industry scale.

14. THANK
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