2. Table of Contents
Stereotyping, Entity/Incremental Theorists,
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy, Halo Effect, Contrast
Effect, Fundamental Attribution Error
• How evaluate our beliefs about others
Self-Efficacy, Self-Esteem, Narcissisms,
Self-Independence/Interdependence
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3. Beliefs and Attitudes about Others
– Judge someone on the basis of our perception of
the group to which he or she belongs
:
• “older employees can’t learn new skills”
• “Overweight employees lack discipline”
• “Asian employees are hardworking and conscientious”
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4. Beliefs and Attitudes about Others
(cont.)
refers to a view that
human characteristics are fixed and don’t
change much with experience
refers to a view that
human characteristics are malleable and can
be changed with experience and can be
developed
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5. Beliefs and Attitudes about Others
(cont.)
– is that
people’s expectations or beliefs determine their
behavior and performance,
thus
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7. Beliefs and Attitudes about Others
(cont.)
– General impression about an individual on the
basis of a single characteristic such as
Intelligence, Sociability,
Appearance
– For example:
• An interviewer may make incorrect image about a well
dressing marketing applicant which causes making
positive judgment about his/her abilities and
responsibilities.
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8. Beliefs and Attitudes about Others
(cont.)
– Evaluation of a person’s characteristics that are
affected by comparisons with other people
recently encountered who rank higher or lower
on the same characteristics with a contrast.
– For example:
• An interviewee may be overestimated if be compared
with a moderate person if there is a contrast between
their abilities.
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9. Beliefs and Attitudes about Others
(cont.)
– The tendency to underestimate the influence of
external factors and overestimate the influence
of internal factors when making judgments about
behavior of others
– For example:
• We may attribute the failures of others to their
indiscipline while attribute our failure to system troubles
and/or environmental problems
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14. Beliefs and Attitudes about Self
– Beliefs in one’s capabilities to organize and
execute the courses of action required to
produce given attainments
( )
– individuals with high self-efficacy work harder
and longer
( )
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16. Beliefs and Attitudes about Self
(cont.)
– Refers to the extent to which a person feels self-
worth in a domain
– It indicates the degree to which an individual
likes herself/himself
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19. Beliefs and Attitudes about Self
(cont.)
– the extent to which an individual perceives
him/herself to be interdependent with other
group members
( )
– the extent to which an individual perceives
her/himself to be independent from other
group members
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