The document discusses the basics of Data Manipulation Language (DML) queries in SQL. It describes the three main DML statements - INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE - and provides examples of how to use each statement to add, modify, and remove data from database tables. It also briefly mentions that DML commands are not automatically committed to the database and can be rolled back.

2. Basics of DML Queries
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3. Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements are used for managing data in
database.
These SQL commands are used for storing, modifying, and deleting data.
DML commands are not auto-committed. It means changes made by DML
command are not permanent to database, it can be rolled back.
There are three main DML statements in SQL server
The “INSERT” command
The “UPDATE” command
The “DELETE” command

4. The “INSERT” command
Insert command is used to insert data into a table. Following is its general syntax,
Example
Consider a table Student with following fields.
The following command will insert a record into the student table
The resulting table will look like

5. The “INSERT” command – contnd.
Both the statements below will insert NULL value into age column of the Student
table.

6. The “UPDATE” command
Update command is used to update a row of a table. Following is its general
syntax,
Example
Consider the below table
The following statement will update the age of “Alex” to 18 which is null at present

7. The “UPDATE” command – contnd.
The resulting table will look like
We can also update multiple columns in a single command, for example, the
command
Will update two columns of a the record which is having “s_id” as 103

8. The “DELETE” command
Delete command is used to delete data from a table. Delete command can also be
used with condition to delete a particular row. Following is its general syntax,
Example
The following command will delete all the records from student table
Consider the following student table

9. The “DELETE” command – contnd.
The following command will delete the record where s_id is 103 from Student</b>
table.
The resulting table will look like

10. Sql Commands Categories
We have different sql commands for different purposes. We can group Sql
Commands into five major categories depending on their functionality.
Data Definition Language (DDL)
These SQL commands are used to create, modify, and drop database objects like
table, view, procedure, indexes etc.
In this category we have CREATE, ALTER, DROP and TRUNCATE commands.
Data Manipulation Language (DML)
These SQL commands are used to store, modify, and delete data from database
tables.
In this category we have INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE commands.
Data Query Language (DQL)
These SQL commands are used to fetch/retrieve data from database tables.
The SELECT command comes under this category.

11. Sql Commands Categories - contnd
Transaction Control Language (TCL)
These SQL commands are used to handle changes which affect the data in
database. Basically we use these commands with in the transaction or to make a
stable point during changes in database at which we can rollback the database
state if required.
In this category we have SAVEPOINT, ROLLBACK and COMMIT commands.
Data Control Language (DCL)
These SQL commands are used to implement security on database objects like
table,view,stored procedure etc.
In this category we have GRANT and REVOKE commands.

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