This document provides a basic overview of using SPSS software to analyze survey data. It explains that SPSS has two main views - the Data View, where raw survey responses are entered, and the Variable View, where users define what the data values represent. It then demonstrates how to generate frequency tables, charts, and cross-tabulations in SPSS to analyze and visualize the survey data in different ways. The goal is to efficiently extract meaningful insights from the raw data through descriptive statistics.

1. A Basic Guide to SPSS
Elsayed Salih MD
Associate professor of urology

2. SPSS has two tabs:
Data View and
Variable View

3. ‘Data View’ is where
the numbers are
inputted e.g. Survey
responses

4. ‘Variable View’ is
where you see
behind the data
i.e. where you tell
SPSS what the
numbers
represent

5. This is what Data
View looks like with
some content
added

6. Each row is a
respondent’s
answers to a
survey

7. Each column
contains all the
answers to a
particular
question by all
respondents

8. In ‘Variable View’ this is
what the data looks like.
Think of this part as putting
a key to your graph,
a way of telling people
what the numbers
represent

9. Each variable can
be named.
No spaces or
special characters
are allowed (just
keep it to simple
one word names)

10. SPSS can deal with words as
well as numbers, but the
‘Type’ of data should mostly
be numeric.
Data made up of words is
called ‘String’ data

11. This is where you can give your
variable a meaningful label.
This will be the label that
appears in tables and graphs

12. The ‘value’ tab is where you turn
your numbers into meaningful
values. E.g. 1 = Female, 2 = Male

13. Once you have imported your data, or inputted it
manually if your questionnaire is on paper, you
can start to make sense of the data that you have.
It can be time-consuming, but the results are
clean, efficient and the data can scrutinized in
countless ways
Even basic ‘descriptive’ statistics can be
revealing, interesting and easy to run in
numerous ways

15. Generating
Frequency Tables:
These include
number of
respondents,
percentages etc.

16. Select the
appropriate
variable/s

17. A new
window
opens with
your data

18. If you want
to export
your data to
another
format, then
run the
tables as
normal…

19. … then
select the
tables you
wish to
export,
right-click
and select
‘Export’

20. Select format
you wish to
export to and
file
destination

21. If you wish to
view Graphs
or Pie Charts,
then select
‘Charts’ when
choosing your
variables,
then select
appropriate
‘Chart Type’

22. SPSS will
simultaneously
generate
frequency tables
and any charts
you wish in the
same output

23. Same
process as
above for
Bar Charts

25. To compare
different
variables,
select
‘Crosstabs’

26. Select the
appropriate
variables and
use the
arrows to
move them
into the ‘rows’
and ‘columns’
sections Note that I have checked the box to
generate Bar Charts so we can see
the comparisons in a visual format

28. The default
tables only
shows the N
figure e.g.
number of
respondents

29. To add percentages to the tables click
the ‘Cell’ button and check the
appropriate boxes

31. If you wish to
view specific
cases and
eliminate any
variables from
your data, then
go to ‘Select
Cases’

32. Select ‘If
condition is
satisfied’
and then
click the ‘If’
button

33. Select your
variable
and then
use the
arrow to
send it to
the other
side of the
screen…
… Then
click =
and select
the
number
that
represents
the
variables
you wish
to view

34. Now you
can run all
the data as
before, but
only what
are being
used