The document explains the basics of ECG (electrocardiogram) and the heart's electrical activation process, detailing myocardial cell types and the conductive system. It provides steps for interpreting ECG readings, including rhythm, rate, and specific wave characteristics. Additionally, it outlines terminology and the significance of various segments within the ECG tracing.

1. INTERPRETATION - BASIC ECG

2. ANATOMI JANTUNG

4. WHAT...APA ITU ECG? ELECTROCARDIOGRAM Merakam tenaga elektrik yang dihasilkan oleh jantung

5. 2 TYPE MYOCARDIAL CELL 1. Electrical cells :- * Pacemaker cells : specialize electrical cells, had ability to generate impulse * Conduction system 2. Myocardial ( Working ) Cells * Mechanical pump cells

6. Conductive system of the heart

8. WAVE FORM

9. NORMAL WAVE

10. PR INTERVAL QRS COMPLEX T WAVE ST SEGMENT

11. STEP BY STEP ELECTRICAL ACTIVATION OF THE HEART AND ECG

12. ELECTRICAL ACTIVATION OF THE HEART AND ECG A. SINUS IMPULSE ACTIVATES RT ATRIUM AND REACH THE NODES

13. ELECTRICAL ACTIVATION OF THE HEART AND ECG B. LT ATRIUM AND AV NODE HAVE BEEN ACTIVATED AND P WAVE COMPLETED.

14. ELECTRICAL ACTIVATION OF THE HEART AND ECG C. PURKINJE SYSTEM IS ACTIVATED (A SILENT ECG EVENT )

15. ELECTRICAL ACTIVATION OF THE HEART AND ECG D. WHEN THE SEPTUM ACTIVATE

16. ELECTRICAL ACTIVATION OF THE HEART AND ECG E. MYOCARDIUM IS ACTIVATED FROM THE ENDOCARDIUM TO THE EPICARDIUM

17. ELECTRICAL ACTIVATION OF THE HEART AND ECG F. ST SEGMENT AND THE T WAVE - MEANS VENTRICULAR REPOLARIZATION

18. Depolarization : Electrical impulse begin spread Repolarization : Recovery phase will produce electric changes ( action potential of cells ) Terminology

19. ECG PAPER

20. Y X MASA PERGERAKAN JANTUNG DARI ANTRIUM KE APEKS DLM SAAT ( SEC ) MEWAKILI KEKUATAN TENAGA ELEKTRIK DLM mV

23. INTERPRETATION ECG

24. How to start reading an ECG: 1) Don’t panic!! 2) check Name, Age and Date 3)Voltage (10mm/mV) and Speed Calibration(25 mm/sec) 4) aVR are all inverted…!!!

25. basic ECG: 5) Rhythm 6) Rate= for regular 300 Number of big Squares = for irregular R PEAK TIMES 10.

26. FORMULA FOR CALCULATE HEART RATE FOR REGULAR RHYTHM LARGE SQUARE RATE 1 300 2 150 3 100 4 75 5 60 6 50

27. FORMULA FOR CALCULATE HEART RATE FOR IRREGULAR RHYTHM 1. COUNT THE NUMBER OF QRS COMPLEXES WITHIN 6 SEC. MULTIPLY THE NUMBER BY 10.

28. waves: 7) P wave ( not more than 2 small squares high and 2 small squares wide) 8) PR interval (not more than 5 small squares)

29. 9) QRS complex: ( R wave progression from V1 to V6) (width less than 3 small squares)

30. Sekian terima kasih……..

32. Atrial contraction Vent. contraction Vent. relaxation