Bar codes allow for identification of objects by containing identifying information that can be scanned into a computer. There are different types of bar codes like EAN 13 which is used in Europe. Bar codes provide advantages like being time savers, increasing efficiency, and reducing mistakes and costs. However, precision is required when printing bar codes to avoid issues with scanning. New developments include two-dimensional QR codes which can store more data efficiently and are used for various applications like product tracking. In conclusion, bar codes have greatly benefited businesses and stores by enabling improved management, point of sale operations, and information transfer.

1. Bar Code
By
Abinash Pati
PG/K/16/02
Indian Institute Of Packaging
Kolkata

2. WHAT IS BAR CODE ?
A Code Consisting of a group of printed &
variously patterned bars & spaces &
sometimes numerals that is designed to be
scanned & read into Computer Memory & that
contains identification about the object.

3. Properties of Bar Code
• EAN 13(European Article Number)
• First & Reliable Data Collection
• Improved Management :
a. Better Decision Making
b. Easy tracking from central computer
• Point of sale:
a. Eliminate Human error
b. Customer satisfaction
c. Reduced Inventory Cost

4.  Advantage of Bar Code
• Time Saver
• Increased Efficiency
• Less Mistakes
• Smoother internal Operation

5.  Disadvantage
Thus printing bar code does not cost any
extra money. However precision in
printing bar codes is very critical. Any
smudging of ink on the substrate would
make scanning of bar code difficult.

6.  SOME COUNTRY CODES
EAN PREFIX COUNTRY /ECONOMIC REGION
00 to 13 U.S.A. and Canada
30 to 37 France
380 Bulgaria
383 Slovenia
385 Croatia
387 Bosnia-Herzegovina
400 – 440 Germany
45 + 49 Japan
460 - 469 Russian Federation

7.  CALCULATION OF CHECK DIGIT FOR EAN
13.
Step One:
Suppose you want to find the Check Digit for
the Number 8901030145216. Set up a table
with 13 columns, and put the number
890103014521 into Positions One through
Twelve. Position Thirteen will be blank because
it is reserved for the Check Digit.

8. CALCULATION OF CHECK DIGIT FOR EAN 13
 Add the numbers in Positions One, Three, Five,
Seven, Nine, and Eleven:
(8 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 4 + 2 = 14).
 Multiply the result of step four by 1.
i.e. 14 X 1 = 14.
 Add the numbers in Positions Two, Four, Six,
Eight, Ten and Twelve
9 + 1 + 3 + 1 + 5 + 1 = 20
Multiply the result of step six by 3.
i.e. 20 X 3 = 60

9. CALCULATION OF CHECK DIGIT FOR EAN 13
 Add the results of Step Five and Step
Seven.
i.e. 14 + 60 = 74.
 The Check Digit is the smallest
number needed to round the result of
Step Eight up to a multiple of 10. In
this example, the Check Digit is 6. [
74 + 6 = 80 ]

10.  New Developments of Bar
Code
QR Code
 QR code (abbreviated from Quick Response Code)
is the trademark for a type of matrix barcode (or
two-dimensional barcode) first designed for
the automotive industry in Japan. A barcode is a
machine-readable optical label that contains
information about the item to which it is attached.
A QR code uses four standardized encoding modes
(numeric, alphanumeric, byte/binary,) to efficiently
store data; extensions may also be used.

11.  The QR code system became popular
outside the automotive industry due to its
fast readability and greater storage capacity
compared to standard UPC barcodes.
Applications include product tracking, item
identification, time tracking, document
management, and general marketing.

12. CONCLUSION
Business industries and stores around the
world, flourished due to, the purpose of barcodes,
types of barcodes, as well as the way barcodes
gathered and transfer information. A quick blurb about
what happened is that the differences between 1D and
2D barcodes are tremendous and work for
different purposes. Same as the bar codes, some of
the scanners are different because of the code they
are scanning. Bar codes also help
with management and their point of view. Now you
may realize how big of an effect barcodes make in our
lives and how each product has a different barcode
out of thousands. It will change our future because
everything we would ever need, would be right at our
fingertips.

13. THANK YOU