This document summarizes several bacterial diseases: Tuberculosis is caused by two types of bacteria and spreads through coughing or sneezing. It is diagnosed using tuberculin tests and treated with long-term antibiotic therapy. Diphtheria is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae toxin and spreads through respiratory droplets, causing tissue death and blockage. It is prevented by the DTP vaccine. Pneumonia infects the lungs through inhaled droplets from infected individuals and is treated with antibiotics like penicillin. Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae that spreads through direct or respiratory contact and has no vaccine.

1. BACTERIAL DISEASES
SUBMITTED BY
ANULEKSHMI
NATURAL SCIENCE

2. TUBERCULOSIS(TB)
 TB is caused by two types of bacteria
mycobacterium tuberculosis and M.bovis
 The bacteria are spread from persons to
persons as aerosolised droplets produced
when the affected persons coughs or sneezes
 The form of TB caused by M.bovis also occurs
in cattle and spread to humans in meat and
milk

3. Diagnosis
 Diagnosis is by the tuberculin or mantoxu test
 Where a purified protein derivative from the
bacterium is injected in to the skin of the
suspected patients.
 Development of a red ,raised around the
area of injection indicates an infection

5. treatment
 Treatment is by multidrug antibiotic therapy,
which has to be continued for a long time
until the bacteria are completely eliminated
 Infection can be prevented by vaccination
with BCG(Bacilli Chalmette Guerrin)

6. DIPHTHERIA
 Diphtheria is a disease of the upper
respiratory tract , caused by the toxin
produced by the bacterium corynebacterium
diphtheria

7. pathogenesis
 The bacterium infects its victim when the person
inhales contaminated respiratory droplets from
an infected person and rapidly colonies the
upper regions of the respiratory tract
 It produces an exotoxin that inhabits protein
synthesis in the epithelial cells killing them
 As dead tissues accumulate the toxins mixes
with the mucus secretion ,white blood cells and
the colonies of bacteria forming a thick leathery
greyish black membrane like material blocking
the respiratory tract

9. treatment
 : vaccination against diphtheria has to be
taken at infancy using the DTP vaccine

10. pneumonia
 Pneumonia is an infectious disease of the
lower respiratory tract in the bronchial tubes
of the lungs

12. Mode of infection and treatment
 Infection is acquired when a person inhales
or comes in to contact with aerosolic droplets
droplets from infected peoples
 Treatment is administration of antibiotics
such as penicillin, tetracycline and
chloramphenicol

13. LEPROSY
 IT is a chronic contact communicable disease
caused by Mycobacterium leprae
 It spread through direct contact with infected
people or their clothing or through
aerosolised respiratory discharges from
infected peoples

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