The document provides instructions for making different types of patient beds, including occupied, unoccupied open and closed beds. It describes the steps for stripping linens, cleaning the mattress, placing new linens including bottom sheet, draw sheet, top sheet and blanket. The purpose of properly making the bed is to provide a clean, comfortable and safe surface for patients that can help prevent infections and bed sores.
Bed-making is the act of arranging the bedsheets and other bedding on a bed, to prepare it for use. It is a household chore, but is also performed in establishments including hospitals, hotels, and military or educational residences. Bed-making is also a common childhood chore.
Bed-making is the act of arranging the bedsheets and other bedding on a bed, to prepare it for use. It is a household chore, but is also performed in establishments including hospitals, hotels, and military or educational residences. Bed-making is also a common childhood chore.
Types of bed in Nursing- easy explanation for Student Nurses
CLOSED BED
OPEN BED
ADMISSION BED
OCCUPIED BED
OPERATION BED/POST ANESTHESIA BED/RECOVERY BED
CARDIAC BED
FRACTURE BED
AMPUTATION BED/STUMP BED
BURN BED
Tepid Sponge Bath lecture and procedure for First Year Level Nursing students during their Return Demonstration. This is taken from a procedure manual good for both students and instructor.
Types of bed in Nursing- easy explanation for Student Nurses
CLOSED BED
OPEN BED
ADMISSION BED
OCCUPIED BED
OPERATION BED/POST ANESTHESIA BED/RECOVERY BED
CARDIAC BED
FRACTURE BED
AMPUTATION BED/STUMP BED
BURN BED
Tepid Sponge Bath lecture and procedure for First Year Level Nursing students during their Return Demonstration. This is taken from a procedure manual good for both students and instructor.
At the end of the session students will be able to
describe the hygienic care that nurses provide to clients.
identify the factors influencing hygienic practice
identify normal and abnormal assessment findings while providing hygienic care to the clients.
provide hygienic care of the skin - bath and pressure points, feet and nail, oral cavity, hair care, eyes, ear and nose.
assess the hygienic environment.
explain the various types of beds.
At the end of the session students will be able to
describe the hygienic care that nurses provide to clients.
identify the factors influencing hygienic practice
identify normal and abnormal assessment findings while providing hygienic care to the clients.
provide hygienic care of the skin - bath and pressure points, feet and nail, oral cavity, hair care, eyes, ear and nose.
assess the hygienic environment.
explain the various types of beds.
Play is mandatory for every child, let the age of the child be 0 or 18 years.
This topic will help you to recognize the importance and types of play. Further, it also important to know about play materials that is to be used at various age group.
Babitha's Notes on anemia's & bleeding disordersBabitha Devu
This note will help you in knowing about childhood anemia's like iron deficiency, SCD etc.. also some of the bleeding disorders are also explained in this.
Childhood is a period where the needs vary according to age.
For a pediatric nurse when dealing with children they should be aware of the needs of a healthy child.
Notes on nutritional needs of children & infantsBabitha Devu
There are various methods of feeding a child. Like breastfeeding, weaning & artificial feeding.
All the types of feeding which help to fulfill the nutritional need of a child as per the increase in age are elaborated in this presentation.
Mother & Child is a vulnerable group. But many areas concerned with the health of these groups are preventable. This presentation helps you identify preventive aspects in pediatrics.
Notes on unit 02 - growth & development introductionBabitha Devu
It is a platform for pediatric nurses to review the introduction about growth & development, its theories, principles and how to assess these parameters.
Dear all,
Recording & Reporting are very important in the nursing profession. As a nurse, we have to be very conscious of it to prevent further complications.
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair A New Horizon in Nephrology.pptxR3 Stem Cell
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair: A New Horizon in Nephrology" explores groundbreaking advancements in the use of R3 stem cells for kidney disease treatment. This insightful piece delves into the potential of these cells to regenerate damaged kidney tissue, offering new hope for patients and reshaping the future of nephrology.
How many patients does case series should have In comparison to case reports.pdfpubrica101
Pubrica’s team of researchers and writers create scientific and medical research articles, which may be important resources for authors and practitioners. Pubrica medical writers assist you in creating and revising the introduction by alerting the reader to gaps in the chosen study subject. Our professionals understand the order in which the hypothesis topic is followed by the broad subject, the issue, and the backdrop.
https://pubrica.com/academy/case-study-or-series/how-many-patients-does-case-series-should-have-in-comparison-to-case-reports/
Explore our infographic on 'Essential Metrics for Palliative Care Management' which highlights key performance indicators crucial for enhancing the quality and efficiency of palliative care services.
This visual guide breaks down important metrics across four categories: Patient-Centered Metrics, Care Efficiency Metrics, Quality of Life Metrics, and Staff Metrics. Each section is designed to help healthcare professionals monitor and improve care delivery for patients facing serious illnesses. Understand how to implement these metrics in your palliative care practices for better outcomes and higher satisfaction levels.
Deep Leg Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Meaning, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Mor...The Lifesciences Magazine
Deep Leg Vein Thrombosis occurs when a blood clot forms in one or more of the deep veins in the legs. These clots can impede blood flow, leading to severe complications.
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
This conference will delve into the intricate intersections between mental health, legal frameworks, and the prison system in Bolivia. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current challenges faced by mental health professionals working within the legislative and correctional landscapes. Topics of discussion will include the prevalence and impact of mental health issues among the incarcerated population, the effectiveness of existing mental health policies and legislation, and potential reforms to enhance the mental health support system within prisons.
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
ICH Guidelines for Pharmacovigilance.pdfNEHA GUPTA
The "ICH Guidelines for Pharmacovigilance" PDF provides a comprehensive overview of the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) guidelines related to pharmacovigilance. These guidelines aim to ensure that drugs are safe and effective for patients by monitoring and assessing adverse effects, ensuring proper reporting systems, and improving risk management practices. The document is essential for professionals in the pharmaceutical industry, regulatory authorities, and healthcare providers, offering detailed procedures and standards for pharmacovigilance activities to enhance drug safety and protect public health.
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
2. Objectives:-
• At the end of the class the students will be able
to:
o Define bed making
o Demonstrate/perform the various methods in
preparing patient bed
o Know principles and purpose of bed making
o State the articles used for bed making
2
3. Introduction
A hospital bed is the piece of equipment most
frequently used by the hospitalized patient.
Hospital beds are also found in long-term
care facilities, as well as patient’s homes.
The ideal hospital bed should be selected for
its impact on patient’s comfort, safety,
medical condition and ability to change
positions.
3
5. Definition:-
• The technique of preparing different types of
patient's comfortable bed in his/ her suitable
position for a particular condition.
• It is the process of making neat and clean
bed for the client in hospital.
• Stripping the Bed: Removal of used linen
and the airing of the mattress.
5
6. Purpose:-
1. To provide clean, safe and comfortable bed for the
patient to promote rest and sleep.
2. To reduce the risk of infection by maintaining a
clean environment.
3. To prevent bed sores by ensuring there are no
wrinkles to cause pressure points.
4. To economize time, material and energy.
5. To observe patient and to prevent complications.
6
10. Guidelines for Bed Making:-
• Wash hand thoroughly before and after handling
clients bed linen which helps to control nosocomial
infection.
• Gather all the required linen and accessories before
making the bed.
• Avoid shaking the linen to prevent the spread of
microorganisms and dust particles.
• Avoid placing linens clean or dirty on another patient’s
bed.
• Don’t place dirty linen on floor instead put in linen bag.
10
11. Guidelines for Bed Making:-
• Do not hold dirty linen against your uniform.
• Always use good body mechanics.
• Stay on one side of the bed until it is completely
made.
• Observe the patient and document any nursing
observations made.
• Move any furniture away from the bed to provide
ample working space. 11
12. Kinds of Linens:-
A- Blanket: a large piece of cloth often soft, woollen and
is used for warmth as a bed cover.
B- Top sheet: used to cover the patient to provide
warmth, made of thick cotton, thermal material.
C- Cotton draw sheet: a piece of cloth spread over the
rubber sheet and is used to absorb and moisture.
12
13. Kinds of Linens:-
D- Bottom sheet: used to cover the bed after mattress
cover.
E- Rubber sheet/Mackintosh: used to protect the bottom
sheet from soiling due to patient secretions and
prevent the patients from getting bedsore. It's usually
placed over the center of the bottom sheet.
13
14. Types of Bed Making:-
Common types of bed:
A- Occupied Bed: Is made when the patient is not able
or not permitted to get out of the bed. Or when patient
is already occupied in the bed.
B- Unoccupied Bed: Is made when there is no patient
confined in bed, while a patient in the shower or sitting
up in a chair.
Types of unoccupied Bed:
1- Open bed: the top covers are folded back so the
patient can easily get back in to bed. And is
prepared for ambulatory patients. 14
16. Types of Bed Making:-
2- Closed bed: the top sheet blankets and bedspreads
are drawn up to the head of the mattress and under
the pillow; this is prepared in a hospital room before a
new client is admitted to the room. So also called
admission bed.
3- Post-operative bed: known as recovery bed or
anaesthetic or surgical bed, and used for a patient
with large cast or other circumstance that would make
it difficult for him to transfer and make it easy to
receive patient into bed from OT.
4- Amputation or Divided bed: This is a bed that is
prepared for a patient having amputed limb.
16
17. 17
Types of Bed Making:-
Open bed:Closed bed:
Post-operative bed:
18. Types of Bed Making:-
5- Fracture bed: This is a hard firm bed designed for
the patient with fracture particularly of spine, pelvis or
femur.
6- Cardiac bed: this is prepared for patient with
breathing difficult and make use of cardiac table to
relieve their dyspnoea.
7- Therapeutic bed: are used to treat clients with
severe joint contractures, prolonged immobility, or skin
wounds such as pressure ulcers or severe burns.
These beds reduce or relieve the effects of pressure
against the skin through various mechanisms. Few
examples are blanket bed or rheumatic/renal bed,
burn bed etc.
18
19. Making an Un-occupied Bed
(Closed Bed):
An unoccupied bed is one that is made when not
occupied by a patient. In this bed all linen
beneath the bed spread is fully protected from
dust and dirt until the admission of new patient.
It is other wise called admission bed.
Indication: keep the bed ready for receiving the
new patient.
19
20. Making Closed Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Assessment:
Check the room/ward for the
need of disinfection or hygienic
level
To determine what all
type of disinfection
activities are required
Planning:
Prepare all required
equipments: Trolley with -
1.Mattress (1)
2.Bed sheets(2):
Bottom sheet (1)
Top sheet (1)
3. Pillow (1)
Save time and make
procedure more
organized
20
21. Making Closed Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
4. Pillow cover (1)
5. Mackintosh (1)
6. Draw sheet (1)
7. Blanket (1)
8. A Tray containing:
Savlon water or Dettol water
in basin
Sponge cloth (2): to wipe with
solution (1) to dry (1)
Kidney tray or paper bag (1)
9. Laundry bag or Bucket or
hamper bag (1)
21
22. Making Closed Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
Perform hand hygiene.
Prepare all required
equipments and bring the
articles to the bedside.
Move the chair and bed side
locker
Clean Bed-side locker:
Wipe with wet and dry.
To prevent the spread
of infection
Organization facilitates
accurate skill
performance
It makes space for bed
making and helps
effective action.
To maintain the
cleanliness
22
23. Making Closed Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
Clean the mattress:
1)Stand in right side.
2)Start wet wiping from top to center
and from center to bottom in right side
of mattress.
3)Gather the dust and debris to the
bottom.
4)Collect them into kidney tray.
5)Give dry wiping as same as
procedure
6)Move to left side and Wipe with wet
and dry as same as above.
To prevent the
spread of
infection
23
24. Making Closed Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
Move to right side.
Bottom sheet:
1)Place and slide the bottom sheet
upward over the top of the bed leaving
the bottom edge of the sheet.
2)Open it lengthwise with the center fold
along the bed center.
3)Fold back the upper layer of the sheet
toward the opposite side of the bed.
Unfolding the
sheet in this
manner allows
you to make the
bed on one
side.
24
26. Making Closed Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
4. Tuck the bottom sheet securely
under the head of the
mattress(approximately 20-30cm).
Make a mitered corner.
➀Pick up the selvage edge with
your hand nearest the hand of the
bed.
➁Lay a triangle over the side of the
bed
➂Tuck the hanging part of the
sheet under the mattress.
A mitered corner
has a neat
appearance and
keeps the sheet
securely under the
mattress.
26
27. Making Closed Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
➃ Drop the triangle over
the side of the bed.
⑤Tuck the sheet under
the entire side of bed.
5) Repeat the same
procedure at the end of the
corner of the bed
6) Tuck the remainder in
long the side
Tucking the bottom sheet
will be done by turn, the
corner of top firstly and the
corner of the bottom later.
To secure the bottom
sheet on one side of the
bed.
27
29. Making Closed Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
Mackintosh and draw sheet:
1)Place a mackintosh at the
middle of the bed
2)Lift the right half and spread it
forward the near Side.
3)Tuck the mackintosh under the
mattress.
4)Place the draw sheet on the
mackintosh. Spread and tuck as
same as above procedure (1-3).
Mackintosh and
draw sheet are
additional protection
for the bed and
serves as a lifting or
turning sheet for an
immobile client.
29
30. Making Closed Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
Move to the left side of the bed.
Spreading Bottom sheet,
mackintosh and draw sheet:
1) Fold and tuck the bottom sheet
as same in the above procedure
2) Fold and tuck both the
mackintosh and the draw sheet
under the mattress as in the
above procedure.
Secure the bottom
sheet, mackintosh
and draw sheet on
one side of the bed
30
31. Making Closed Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
Return to the right side.
Top sheet and blanket:
1)Place the top sheet evenly on the bed,
centering it in the below 20-30cm from
the top of the mattress.
2)Spread it downward.
3)Cover the top sheet with blanket in the
below 1 feet from the top of the mattress
and spread downward.
4)Fold the cuff (approximately 1 feet) in
the neck part
5)Tuck all these together under the
bottom of mattress. Miter the corner.
6)Tuck the remainder in along the side
A blanket
provides
warmth.
Making the cuff
at the neck part
prevents
irritation from
blanket edge.
Tucking all
these pieces
together saves
time and
provides a neat
appearance.
31
32. Making Closed Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
Repeat the same as in the
above procedure in left side.
Return to the right side.
Pillow and pillow cover:
1)Put a clean pillow cover on
the pillow.
2) Place a pillow at the top of
the bed in the center with the
open end away from the door.
To save time in this
manner
A pillow is a
comfortable measure.
Pillow cover keeps
cleanliness of the pillow
and neat.
The open end may
collect dust or
organisms. The open
end away from the door
also makes neat.
32
33. Making Closed Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
Make horizontal toe pleat:
Stand at the foot of bed and
fan-fold top sheet 5 to 10 cm (2
to 4 inches) across bed.
This allows room for
the person’s feet to
move and avoids skin
sores or foot drop.
33
Pre- folding the linen is also
practicing in some hospitals
when making admission bed.
toe pleat
34. Making Closed Bed:
Mrs. Babitha K Devu, Asstt.
Professor, SMVDCoN
34
Suggested Action Rationale
Evaluation:
Return the bed, the chair and
bed-side table to their proper
place.
Replace all equipments in proper
place. Discard lines appropriately.
Perform hand hygiene.
Document:
Document on the chart with your
signature and report any findings
to senior staff.
Date & time
Type of bed
Assessment findings observed
during procedure.
Bedside necessities will
be within easy reach for
the client
It makes well-setting for
the next. Proper line
disposal prevents the
spread of infection.
To prevent the spread of
infection
Documentation provides
coordination of care.
Giving signature
maintains professional
accountability
35. Making an Un-occupied Bed
(Open Bed):
An unoccupied bed is one that is made for an
ambulatory patient. The open bed has the linens
folded down, making it easier for the client to get
into bed. Open a bed for a new client or leave it
open when the client is out of bed for a short
time.
Indication: Provide a clean, smooth and
comfortable bed to the patient.
35
36. Making Open Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Assessment:
Check the room/ward for the
need of disinfection or hygienic
level
Explain the purpose and
procedure to the client
To determine what all
type of disinfection
activities are required
Fosters cooperation
Planning:
Prepare all required
equipments: Trolley with -
1.Mattress (1)
2.Bed sheets(2):
Bottom sheet (1)
Top sheet (1)
Save time and make
procedure more
organized
36
37. Making Open Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
3. Pillow (1)
4. Pillow cover (1)
5. Mackintosh (1)
6. Draw sheet (1)
7. Blanket (1)
8. A Tray containing:
Savlon water or Dettol water
in basin
Sponge cloth (2): to wipe with
solution (1) to dry (1)
Kidney tray or paper bag (1)
9. Laundry bag or Bucket or
hamper bag (1) 37
38. Making Open Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
Perform hand hygiene.
Prepare all required
equipments and bring the
articles to the bedside.
Assist the patient out of bed
Remove the client’s personal
belongings from bed side and
keep in locker/safe place
Move the chair and bed side
locker
Strip the bed clothes, fold them
one by one and place them.
To prevent the spread
of infection
Organization facilitates
accurate skill
performance
To prevent the
loss/damage
It makes space for bed
making and helps
effective action.
To prevent bed clothes
touching the floor 38
39. Stripping the Bed:
39
Removal of used linen and the airing of the mattress.
Procedure:
1- Place chair at the foot of the bed.
2- Locked the bed.
3- Remove pillow case from pillow. Place pillow on
chair.
4- Loosen all bed linens starting at center of head of
bed, raising the mattress with one hand and draw out
bed clothes with other.
5- Remove sheet separately. Fold each linen with
soiled part inside. Wrap them all in a sheet and place
on lower bar of the bed.
6- Roll rubber sheet and place on chair.
7- Remove mattress cover.
40. Making Open Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
Clean Bed-side locker:
Wipe with wet and dry.
Clean the mattress:
1)Stand in right side.
2)Start wet wiping from top to center and
from center to bottom in right side of
mattress.
3)Gather the dust and debris to the
bottom.
4)Collect them into kidney tray.
5)Give dry wiping as same as procedure
6)Move to left side and Wipe with wet and
dry as same as above.
To maintain
the
cleanliness
To prevent
the spread of
infection
40
41. Making Open Bed:
Place clean linens on chair in order of use.
Cover mattress.
Place bottom sheet with center fold in center in line with
rim of matters at foot part, spread across bed. Make
mitered corner of head part, tuck extra sheet at side
from head of food.
Put rubber sheet 12-15 inches from the head of
mattress. Cover with draw sheet. Spread a cross bed.
Tuck together extra length.
Place top sheet in line with mattress at head part and
spread a cross bed. Similarly spread the blanket. Form
a toe pleat as in the procedure of closed bed. Tuck
extra length of sheet at foot part, mitered corner; allow
hanging free at sides. 41
42. Making Open Bed:
Go to opposite side and repeat same procedure.
Grasp one corner of top sheet, fanfold at foot part or
diagonally to one side.
42
43. Making an Occupied Bed:
Some clients are unable to get out of bed as a
result of their specific condition or generalized
weakness. Changing bed linens with the client in
the bed is known as making an occupied bed.
Work quickly and disturb the client as little as
possible.
Indications: provide clean and comfortable bed
with least disturbance to the patient in it.
43
44. Making Occupied Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Assessment:
Check the room/ward for the
need of disinfection or hygienic
level
Explain the purpose and
procedure to the client
To determine what all
type of disinfection
activities are required
Fosters cooperation
Planning:
Prepare all required
equipments: Trolley with -
1.Mattress (1)
2.Bed sheets(2):
Bottom sheet (1)
Top sheet (1)
Save time and make
procedure more
organized
44
45. Making Occupied Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
3. Pillow (1)
4. Pillow cover (1)
5. Mackintosh (1)
6. Draw sheet (1)
7. Blanket (1)
8. A Tray containing:
Savlon water or Dettol water
in basin
Sponge cloth (2): to wipe with
solution (1) to dry (1)
Kidney tray or paper bag (1)
9. Laundry bag or Bucket or
hamper bag (1) 45
46. Making Occupied Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
Perform hand hygiene.
Prepare all required
equipments and bring the
articles to the bedside.
Close the curtain/door
Remove the client’s personal
belongings from bed side and
keep in locker/safe place
Move the chair and bed side
locker
Lift the client’s head and move
pillow from center to the left
side.
To prevent the spread
of infection
Organization facilitates
accurate skill
performance
To maintain privacy
To prevent the
loss/damage
It makes space for bed
making and helps
effective action.
The pillow is
comfortable measure
for the client. 46
47. Making Occupied Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
Assist the client to turn
toward left side of the bed.
Adjust the pillow. Leaves
top sheet in place.
Stand in right side: Loose
bottom bed linens. Fanfold
(or roll) soiled linens from
the side of the bed and
wedge them close to the
client.
Wipe the surface of
mattress by sponge cloth
with wet and dry.
Moving the client as close
to the other side of the bed
as possible gives you more
room to make the bed. Top
sheet keeps the client warm
and protect his or her
privacy.
Placing folded (or rolled)
soiled linen close to the
client allows more space to
place the clean bottom
sheets.
To prevent the spread of
infection. 47
49. Making Occupied Bed:
Suggested Action Rational
e
Implementation:
Bottom sheet, mackintosh and draw sheet:
1)Place the clean bottom sheet evenly on the
bed folded lengthwise with the center fold as
close to the client’s back as possible.
2)Adjust and tuck the sheet tightly under the
head of the mattress, making mitered the upper
corner.
3)Tighten the sheet under the end of the
mattress and make mitered the lower corner.
4)Tuck in along side.
5)Place the mackintosh and the draw sheet on
the bottom sheet and tuck in them together.
Soiled
linens can
easily be
removed
and clean
linens are
positioned
to make
the other
side of the
bed.
49
51. Making Occupied Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
Assist the client to roll over the
folded (rolled) linen to right side of
the bed. Readjust the pillow and top
sheet.
Move to left side: Discard the
soiled linens appropriately. Hold
them away from your uniform. Place
them in the laundry bag (or bucket).
Wipe the surface of the mattress by
sponge cloth with wet and dry.
Moving the client to
the bed’s other side
allows you to make
the bed on that side.
Soiled linens can
contaminate your
uniform, which may
come into contact with
other clients.
To prevent the
spread of infection.
51
52. Making Occupied Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
Bottom sheet, mackintosh and draw sheet:
1)Grasp clean linens and gently pull them out
from under the client.
2)Spread them over the bed’s unmade side.
Pull the linens taut
3)Tuck the bottom sheet tightly under the
head of the mattress and miter the corner.
4)Tighten the sheet under the end of the
mattress and make mitered the lower corner.
5)Tuck in along side.
6)Tuck the mackintosh and the draw sheet
under the mattress.
Wrinkled
linens can
cause skin
irritation.
52
54. Making Occupied Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
Assist the client back to the center of the
bed. Adjust the pillow
Return to right side:
Clean top sheet, blanket:
1)Place the clean top sheet at the top side of
the soiled top sheet.
2)Ask the client to hold the upper edge of the
clean top sheet.
3)Hold both the top of the soiled sheet and
the end of the clean sheet with right hand
and withdraw to downward. Remove the
soiled top sheet and put it into a laundry bag.
The pillow is
comfort
measure for
the client.
Tucking
these pieces
together
saves time
and provides
neat, tight
corners.
54
55. Making Occupied Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
3) Place the blanket over the top sheet.
Fold top sheet back over the blanket over
the client.
4) Tuck the lower ends securely under the
mattress. Miter corners.
5) After finishing the right side, repeat the
left side.
Remove the pillow and replace the pillow
cover with clean one and reposition the
pillow to the bed under the client’s head.
The pillow is a
comfortable
measures for a
client
55
56. Making Closed Bed:
Mrs. Babitha K Devu, Asstt.
Professor, SMVDCoN
56
Suggested Action Rationale
Evaluation:
Return the bed, the chair and
bed-side table to their proper
place.
Replace all equipments in proper
place. Discard lines appropriately.
Perform hand hygiene.
Document:
Document on the chart with your
signature and report any findings
to senior staff.
Date & time
Type of bed
Assessment findings observed
during procedure.
Bedside necessities will
be within easy reach for
the client
It makes well-setting for
the next. Proper line
disposal prevents the
spread of infection.
To prevent the spread of
infection
Documentation provides
coordination of care.
Giving signature
maintains professional
accountability
57. Making a Post-operative Bed
When a client is to return from the operating room or
from another procedure that requires transfer into bed
from a stretcher and sometimes from a wheelchair, a
postoperative bed is prepared. The postoperative bed
is made in such a way as to make it easy to transfer
the client from a stretcher to the bed.
It is a special bed prepared to receive and take care of a
patient returning from surgery.
57
58. Making a Post-operative Bed
Purpose
• To provide warmth and comfort for the patient.
• To provide protection for the bed from vomiting,
bleeding, drainage and discharge.
• To arrange the bed and other furniture in order to
facilitate the transfer of the patient from stretcher to
bed.
58
59. Making Post Operative Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Assessment:
Check the room/ward for the
need of disinfection or hygienic
level
Explain the purpose and
procedure to the client
To determine what all
type of disinfection
activities are required
Fosters cooperation
Planning:
Prepare all required
equipments:
The same linen as those used for
making on occupied bed plus the
following -
Bath towel
Save time and make
procedure more
organized
59
60. Making Post Operative Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Small rubber sheet
Woollen blanket
3 hot water bags w/cover p.r.n.
On the Bedside Table:
Stethoscope
Sphygmomanometer
Kidney basin
Swipes
Padded tongue depressor
p.r.n.
Observation Sheet
In the Room
Oxygen tank with complete
Tubing's,
60
61. Making Post Operative Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
humidifier and nasal catheter
Suction apparatus
Stand
Drainage bottles
Shock blocks
Iv stand
61
62. Making Post Operative Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
Perform hand hygiene.
Prepare all required
equipments and bring
the articles to the
bedside.
Move the chair and bed
side locker
Strip bed. Make
foundation bed as usual
with a large mackintosh,
and cotton draw sheet.
To prevent the spread of
infection
Organization facilitates
accurate skill performance
It makes space for bed making
and helps effective action.
Mackintosh prevents bottom
sheet from wetting or soiled by
sweat, drain or excrement.
Cotton draw sheet makes the
client felt dry or comfortable
without touching the mackintosh
directly.
62
63. Making Post Operative Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
Place top bedding as for closed
bed but do not tuck at foot
Fold back top bedding at the
foot of bed.
Tuck the top bedding on one
side only.
On the other side, do not tuck
the top sheet.
1)Bring head and foot corners of
it at the center of bed and form
right angles.
Tuck at foot may
hamper the client to enter
the bed from a stretcher
To make the client’s
transfer smooth
Tucking the top bedding
on one side stops the
bed linens from slipping
out of place
The open side of bed is
more convenient for
receiving client than the
other closed side.
63
65. Making Post Operative Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
2) Fold back suspending
portion in 1/3 and repeat folding
top bedding twice to opposite
side of bed
Remove the pillow.
Place a kidney-tray on bed-
side.
Place IV stand near the bed.
Check locked wheel of the
bed.
To maintain the airway
To receive secretion
To prepare it to hang I/V
soon
To prevent moving the
bed accidentally when the
client is shifted from a
stretcher to the bed.
65
67. Making Post Operative Bed:
Suggested Action Rationale
Implementation:
Put the hot water bags at the
foot and center of the bed if the
weather is cold.
Place the necessary articles on
the bedside table and the
irrigating stand, suction machine
and oxygen set-up adjacent to
the bed.
Arrange unit.
Hot water bags (or hot
bottles) prevent the client
from taking hypothermia
& remove it before
receiving the patient.
67
68. Making Post Operative Bed:
Mrs. Babitha K Devu, Asstt.
Professor, SMVDCoN
68
Suggested Action Rationale
Evaluation:
Return the bed, the chair and
bed-side table to their proper
place.
Replace all equipments in proper
place.
Perform hand hygiene.
Document:
Document on the chart with your
signature and report any findings
to senior staff.
Date & time
Type of bed
Assessment findings observed
during procedure.
Bedside necessities will
be within easy reach for
the client
It makes well-setting for
the next.
To prevent the spread of
infection
Documentation provides
coordination of care.
Giving signature
maintains professional
accountability
69. Making an Amputation Bed/Divided bed
Amputation is the cutting or removal of body parts
by surgery to prevent spread of infection or
gangrene or some cancers. Common parts are
usually limbs both upper and lower limbs.
Amputation bed is a bed that is prepared for a patient
having amputated limb.
69
72. Procedure:
• Gather all the needed supplies.
• Make the bed as though you are making an unoccupied
bed.
• The foot end side of the top linen is folded back to the
head end at the level of the part to be observed. (if below
knee amputation).
• Spread the second set of linen starting from the level of
stump.
• The second set of top linen should overlap the first by 8
to 12 inches.
• Receive the patient and elevate the stump on a small
pillow and place the sand bag on either side to support
the stump.
• Place the bed cradle in position & cover the patient. 72
74. Fracture Bed
Indications:
Aid in immobilizing the fracture
Prevent unnecessary pain
Provide warmth and comfort to the patient
Prevent undue sagging of the mattress
74
75. Articles Required:
• Supplies as in open bed
• Extra supplies like fracture boards, bed cradle, sand
bags, cover sheet, hot water bottles with cover, p.r.n
75
76. Procedure:
• Gather all needed supplies. Place the fracture board
directly over the bed/cot.
• Make the bed as an open bed and spread cover sheet
between the bottom and top sheet. Place hot water
bottles in between to warm the bed. (Optional)
• Place the sand bags to support the part in order to
maintain the position.
• When the patient is received in bed, place the cradle
over the fractured part and cover it.
76
77. Cardiac Bed:
Cardiac bed is made with special
arrangements, which are
required by a cardiac patient.
Cardiac patient’s bed is made
in a manner to ease the
respiration of patient. Bed is
provided with extra pillows to
be kept on head side of
patient to keep the patient in
prop up position for better
airflow.
77
There is special cardiac table provided with the patient’s bed
with all equipment available for emergency cardiovascular
support, like oxygen masks, nasogastric tubes etc.