Non-projected audiovisual aids are important teaching tools that do not require electricity. They include models, pictures, charts, and flashcards. Such aids make lessons more engaging by appealing to multiple senses. Examples are graphs, cartoons, chalkboards, bulletin boards, and flannel boards. While requiring preparation, they can effectively supplement classroom teaching when used properly.

1. GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF NURSING
JODHPUR (RAJ.)
Presentation On: Non Projected A.V. Aids
Subject- Nursing Education
SUBMITTED TO - SUBMITTED BY-
Mrs. Annamma Sumon Ram Chandra Solanki
NURSING LECTURER M.sc (N) Pre. Year(2020)
GCON, Jodhpur GCON, Jodhpur
DATEOFSUBMISSION-
DATEOFPRESENTATION-

2. Audio Visual Aids
Also known as instructional aids. Audio Visual Aids Hearing Seeing Devices
Introduction:
Audio visual aids are device or technological media or learning devices are added
devices that help the teacher to clarify, correlate and co-ordinate accurate concepts,
interpretation and enable him to make learning more concrete, effective, interesting,
inspirational and meaningful.
Definition:
• An audio visual aid is an instructional device in which the message can be heard
as well as seen.
• Audio visual aids are those sensory objects or images which initiate or stimulate
and reinforce learning. - Burton
• Audio visual aids are those aids which help in completing the traingular process
of learning i.e. Motivation, classification and stimulation.
- Carter V. Good
Concept of A.V. Aids:
A.V. aids are sensitive tools used in teaching and learning.
A Chinese Proverbs said - " If I hear, I forget, If I seen I remembers, If I do I
know" says the importance of sensory perception in teaching learning situation.
Eg: Seen 87%, Hearing 7%, Odour 3%, Touch 2% or Test 1%, Read 10% and
Saying & doing 90%.
PURPOSE AND IMPORTANCE OF A V. AIDS:
• Effective teaching
• Look listen and learn
• Intresting

3. • Experience
• Newness
• Attention and concentration
• Learning fild trip
• Stimulating correct thinking
PRINCIPLES OF A.V. AIDS:
• They should be meaningful and purposeful.
• They should be simple.
• They should be accurate in every aspect.
• They should be larger enough to be properly seen by students.
• They should be cheap.
CLASSIFICATION:
1. Auditory aids
Radio, Recording, Mike, Phonogram, Megaphone, Microphone, Gramophone etc.
2. Visual aids
Non Projected/ Unprojected
Models, 3-D materials, picture, charts, flannel graphs, flashcards, Boards, cartoons, maps,
photographs, posters, printed materials etc.
Projected Aid:
Films, Slide projector, Over head projector.
3. Audio Visual Aids:
Television, Video sounds & motion pictures.

4. 4. Aid through activity:
Computer assessed instruction, Demonstration, Experimentation etc.
5. Traditional Media:
Drama, Dancing, Singing etc.
Non Projected Aids:
Non projected visual aids are those aids which are used without projection. Abundant and are
easily obtainable. Requires no electricity and appropriate for low budget extension work. Not
much artistic ability is required in the use of these visual aids.
GRAPHS:
A Graph is a non-linear data structure consisting of nodes and edges. The nodes are sometimes
also referred to as vertices and the edges are lines or arcs that connect any two nodes in the graph.
There are several different types of charts and graphs. The four most common are probably line
graphs, bar graphs and histograms, pie charts, and Cartesian graphs.
• Line Graph : line graphs areused when a considerable quantity of data is to be plotted or
when the data are continuous.
• Bar Graph: A bar graph consists of bars arranged in horizontally or vertically from a "zero"
base.
• Simple Bar Graph: May be vertically aur horizontally arranged. Suitable scale must
be used to represent bar length.
• Multiple Bar Graphs: Two or more bars can be grouped together.
• Component Bar Graph: The bar may be divided into two or more parts, each part
presenting a certain items and proportional to the magnitude of that particular item.
2. Pie Graph: The pie graph is usually, drawn as circle, the section of which are used to
represent component parts of whole.
3. Pictorial Graph: Pectoral graph is an outstanding method of graphic representation.

5. ADVANTAGES:
• Helps to show numerical statistics.
• Helps in explaining, comparison among two.
• Displays multiple classes of data in one chart.
• Puts large sums of data into visual form for easy understanding.
• More visually appealing than other graphs.
•Offers easy calculations of data accuracy.
•Requires little explanation.
•Understood easily by different departments within a business and for media purposes.
DISADVANTAGES:
• Only some statistical data can be debuted.
• Lesson is not effectively grasped by students.
• Any simple mistake will change the whole statistics.
• Doesn't reveal exact values.
• Multiple graphs are needed for time-lapse data.
• Key assumptions, causes, effect, and patterns are not revealed.
• Manipulated easily, causing false impressions or interpretations.
CARTOONS:
" A cartoon is a metaptiosical presentation of reality. It means learning more interesting and
effective as it draw a strong appeal to the emotions. In short, a cartoon is a figurative and suitable
graphic aid."
ADVANTAGES:
• A cartoon can be effectively used to initiative cartoon lesson.

6. • A cartoon can be used to motivate students to start a discussion.
• A cartoon can be used for making lesson lively and interesting.
DISADVANTAGES:
• Cartoons difficulty as certain cartoons can be ensure the personal feeling of student.
• Epecially the one which are foited and positive towards certain social groups.
DISPLAY BOARDS:
CHALK BOARD:
" A chalk board are black is a slightly abrasive writing surface made of wood ply. Hardboard
cements, white chalk slakes, is generally used finger writing on the black board or chalkboard at
times clouds chalks are used for letters illustration while using the claus chalk."
PURPOSE OF CHALKBOARD:
• To illustrate an ideas by diagrams and scratches, drawing.
• To give examination and test.
• As a substitute for still projection, picture.
• To illustrate from of charting and to provide opportunity for nursing students to practice
teaching.
ADVANTAGES:
• It is convenient usual and for group teaching.
• It is economics teaching add as it can be used over and again.
• The chalkboard can work as unavailable supplementary teaching aid.
• The chalkboard can work as a good visual aid for detail and revision.
• The chalkboard can be used for driving and large illustration from the textbook.
• The chalkboard can be easily used for giving lesson notes to students.
LIMITATIONS of THE CHALKBOARD:

7. • It make student heavily dependent on the teacher.
• It mixed the lesson teacher paced.
• It does not care for the individual.
• It makes action a dull routine.
• It makes chalk powder to spread and inhaled by the teacher and student.
BULLETIN BOARD:
It will used for both informational and educational purposes.A bulletin board (Pin board or
notice board) is a surface intended for the posting of public messages, for example, to advertise
items wanted or for sale, announce events, or provide information.
TYPES:
• Flannel Board
• Megnetic Board
• Fixed Type
• Movable Type
• Folded Type
PURPOSE:
• Attract the attention of the students.
• Effective communication of then Intented message.
• Promote the creativity of the students and the teacher.
• Use an effective educational media.
• Can be used for larger audience.
ADVANTAGES:
• Bulletin board works as a good supplimentation to normal classroom teaching.
• Bulletin board arouse students interest in specific subjects.

8. • Bulletin board add color or liveliness to the classroom as they have decorative value along with
the educational value.
• Bulletin board display can be used to introduced a topic as well as to review it.
DISADVANTAGES:
• Bulletin board cannot be used for all inclusive teaching.
• It has to be used only as a supplementary aid.
• If not used properly, may fail in its purpose to convey the central themes.
• Arranging the display material is the challenging task for the teacher, as it requires artistic and
creative potentialities.
Flannel Board:
Flannelgraph (also called flannel board or flannelgram) is a storytelling system that uses a board
covered with flannel fabric, usually resting on an easel. It is very similar to Fuzzy Felt, although
its primary use is as a storytelling medium, rather than as a toy.
ADVANTAGES:
It is inexpensive, easily made from locally available materials.
Flannel graph holds the attention of the audience.
It is ideal for exhibiting dramatic story telling.
It can be easily maintained and carried to remote areas.
DISADVANTAGES:
Can be used for a small group.
It requires considerable advance preparation.
May create confusion if sequences of picture is changed.
Efficient use of flannel graphs requires much practice.

9. Artistic ability is needed.
No useful for abstract learning.
MAGNETIC BOARD:
A magnetic chalkboard is formed iron sheet carrying coating in some dark colour generally black
or green. Magnetic whiteboards are commonly installed in the front of K-8 school classrooms.
Such boards let teachers do more than write with dry erase markers. With non-scratching
magnets or clips, charts and documents can be posted on the whiteboard surface, and magnetic
symbols can be used.
ADVANTAGES:
- High corrosion resistance.
- High physical strength (do not chip, crack, or break easily)
- High temperature resistance (up to 540°C)
DISADVANTAGES:
Disadvantages of the Magnetic Particle method of Non-Destructive Examination are: It is
restricted to ferromagnetic materials - usually iron and steel, and cannot be used on austenitic
stainless steel. It is messy. Most methods need a supply of electricity.

11. Conclusion:-
Conclusion. It is clear that audio visual aids are important tools for teaching learning process. It
helps the teacher to present the lesson effectively and students learn and retain the concepts
better and for longer duration. ... It helps to remove abstract concepts through visual presentation.
Summary:
Non projected visual aids are those aids which are used without projection. Abundant and are
easily obtainable. Requires no electricity and appropriate for low budget extension work. Not
much artistic ability is required in the use of these visual aids.

12. Bibliography:
1. B.T. Basvantthapa " Nursing Education", 1st Edition, 2003, JAYPEE
BROTHERS PUBLICATION, New Delhi, India.
2. Mukesh Chandra Sharma, Textbook of Nursing Education, JAYPEE BROTHERS
PUBLISHERS, Frist Edition 2013.
3. BT Basavanthappa, Nursing Education, JAYPEE BROTHERS PUBLISHERS, Second
Edition 2014.
4. http//:monroecc.edu/manila/webfiles/pbrunett/audiovisual.pdf
5. http//:www.unesco.org/education/nfsunescu/pdf/LESTAG_E.PDF
6. http//:vp.lps.org/jholbei/files/2012/03visual aids.pdf