This document discusses adaptive cruise control (ACC) systems for vehicles. It begins by defining ACC as a system that helps vehicles maintain a safe following distance and speed automatically without the driver having to adjust. It then discusses the different sensor technologies used in ACC systems, including radar, laser, and multi-sensor systems. The document also covers types of ACC like predictive systems and the advantages of ACC in increasing safety and traffic flow. It concludes by noting some limitations of ACC systems in adverse weather or environmental conditions.
Today, a typical automobile on the road has computer controlled electronic systems, and the most commonly used embedded systems in a vehicle include Airbags, anti-lock braking system, black box, adaptive cruise control, drive by wire, satellite radio, telematics, emission control, traction control, automatic parking, in-vehicle entertainment systems, night vision, heads up display, back up collision sensors, navigational systems, tyre pressure monitor, climate control, etc
Among the recent advancements in car safety technologies, the adaptive cruise control feature is one of the most important and useful. It greatly minimizes the pressure of the driver as it helps to control the speed of the car and maintains a safe distance from other cars to avoid a crash. But still, this adaptive control should not be used in bad weather conditions and in tunnels as they might not work efficiently. So, if you want to know all about the adaptive cruise control system in your car, then give some time to watch the following slide show.
Information about some devices , instrument and system which include
1. ABS
2. EBD
3. Brake Assist
4. Automatic Transmission Speed Sensor
5. Airbag
6. Tachometer
7. Crash Sensor
8. Engine Immobilizer
9. Automatic Climate Control
10. Cruise Control
11. Traction Control
12. Electronic Stability Control
13. AWD
14. 4WD
CAS is a system designed to help prevent rear‐end collisions with vehicles which are stationary or travelling in the same direction.
It uses visual and audio warnings to prompt the driver to take preventative action.
It also initiates braking if the driver fails to respond to the warnings.
There are generally two kinds of safety systems in automobiles:-
Passive safety – seatbelts, airbag system
Active safety – impact sensors, radar detection
CAS is a system designed to help prevent rear‐end collisions with vehicles which are stationary or travelling in the same direction. Several studies have shown that driver distraction or inattentiveness is a factor in the great majority of rear end accidents. The system is aimed at alerting the driver to an imminent rear end collision both at low speeds, typical of urban driving, and at higher speeds typical of rural roads and highways.
Abstract—Collision warning and collision avoidance systems are emerging automotive safety technologies that assist drivers in avoiding rear-end collisions. Their function is to allow the driver enough time to avoid the crash and yet avoid annoying the driver with alerts perceived as occurring too early or unnecessary. The purpose of this paper is to review various mechanisms under development or developed rear end collision avoidance of automobiles. Some of the reviewed work include an automatic braking system that safely stops an automobile while approaching an obstruction to avoid collision. Another separate but related system is to have a detection device, which alerts the driver in case the automobile veers off the road by crossing either the centre or side painted lines. The braking system senses an obstacle, calculates the relative distance and applies the variable brakes automatically to maintain a safe distance. Warning devices and sensor mechanisms used in obstacle avoidance systems are also reviewed. With the expansion in road network, motorization and urbanization in the country, the number of road accidents have surged. Road traffic injuries (RTIs) and fatalities have emerged as a major public health concern, with RTIs having become one of the leading causes of deaths, disabilities and hospitalizations which impose severe socio-economic costs across the world. Motor vehicle population has grown at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 10 per cent 2000-2009, during fuelled by a rising tide of motorization. Concomitantly, traffic risk and exposure have grown. During the year 2010, there were around 5 lakh road accidents, which resulted in deaths of 134,513 people and injured more than 5 lakh persons in India. These numbers translate into 1 road accident every minute, and 1 road accident death every four minutes. The total number of accidents can be reduced through the safety systems installed in vehicles. However, it was found that many traditional safety measures are reducing their effectiveness.
This presentation basically talks about the anti collision technology which is particularly implemented in cars in which cars are developed with anti collision technology which reduces the collision between them.
An overview of embedded systems in automobilesLouise Antonio
This presentation on the applications of embedded systems in automobiles focusses on the two most prevalent and sought about technologies- ABS and ACC with collison avoidance, the biggest motivation being that these technologies save lives.This discusses the doppler shift in detail.
Today, a typical automobile on the road has computer controlled electronic systems, and the most commonly used embedded systems in a vehicle include Airbags, anti-lock braking system, black box, adaptive cruise control, drive by wire, satellite radio, telematics, emission control, traction control, automatic parking, in-vehicle entertainment systems, night vision, heads up display, back up collision sensors, navigational systems, tyre pressure monitor, climate control, etc
Among the recent advancements in car safety technologies, the adaptive cruise control feature is one of the most important and useful. It greatly minimizes the pressure of the driver as it helps to control the speed of the car and maintains a safe distance from other cars to avoid a crash. But still, this adaptive control should not be used in bad weather conditions and in tunnels as they might not work efficiently. So, if you want to know all about the adaptive cruise control system in your car, then give some time to watch the following slide show.
Information about some devices , instrument and system which include
1. ABS
2. EBD
3. Brake Assist
4. Automatic Transmission Speed Sensor
5. Airbag
6. Tachometer
7. Crash Sensor
8. Engine Immobilizer
9. Automatic Climate Control
10. Cruise Control
11. Traction Control
12. Electronic Stability Control
13. AWD
14. 4WD
CAS is a system designed to help prevent rear‐end collisions with vehicles which are stationary or travelling in the same direction.
It uses visual and audio warnings to prompt the driver to take preventative action.
It also initiates braking if the driver fails to respond to the warnings.
There are generally two kinds of safety systems in automobiles:-
Passive safety – seatbelts, airbag system
Active safety – impact sensors, radar detection
CAS is a system designed to help prevent rear‐end collisions with vehicles which are stationary or travelling in the same direction. Several studies have shown that driver distraction or inattentiveness is a factor in the great majority of rear end accidents. The system is aimed at alerting the driver to an imminent rear end collision both at low speeds, typical of urban driving, and at higher speeds typical of rural roads and highways.
Abstract—Collision warning and collision avoidance systems are emerging automotive safety technologies that assist drivers in avoiding rear-end collisions. Their function is to allow the driver enough time to avoid the crash and yet avoid annoying the driver with alerts perceived as occurring too early or unnecessary. The purpose of this paper is to review various mechanisms under development or developed rear end collision avoidance of automobiles. Some of the reviewed work include an automatic braking system that safely stops an automobile while approaching an obstruction to avoid collision. Another separate but related system is to have a detection device, which alerts the driver in case the automobile veers off the road by crossing either the centre or side painted lines. The braking system senses an obstacle, calculates the relative distance and applies the variable brakes automatically to maintain a safe distance. Warning devices and sensor mechanisms used in obstacle avoidance systems are also reviewed. With the expansion in road network, motorization and urbanization in the country, the number of road accidents have surged. Road traffic injuries (RTIs) and fatalities have emerged as a major public health concern, with RTIs having become one of the leading causes of deaths, disabilities and hospitalizations which impose severe socio-economic costs across the world. Motor vehicle population has grown at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 10 per cent 2000-2009, during fuelled by a rising tide of motorization. Concomitantly, traffic risk and exposure have grown. During the year 2010, there were around 5 lakh road accidents, which resulted in deaths of 134,513 people and injured more than 5 lakh persons in India. These numbers translate into 1 road accident every minute, and 1 road accident death every four minutes. The total number of accidents can be reduced through the safety systems installed in vehicles. However, it was found that many traditional safety measures are reducing their effectiveness.
This presentation basically talks about the anti collision technology which is particularly implemented in cars in which cars are developed with anti collision technology which reduces the collision between them.
An overview of embedded systems in automobilesLouise Antonio
This presentation on the applications of embedded systems in automobiles focusses on the two most prevalent and sought about technologies- ABS and ACC with collison avoidance, the biggest motivation being that these technologies save lives.This discusses the doppler shift in detail.
Tesla Autopilot is an advanced driver-assistance system feature offered by Tesla .That has lane centring, adaptive cruise control, self-parking, ability to automatically change lanes without requiring driver steering, and enables the car to be summoned to and from a garage or parking spot.
Google driver less car is also known as autonomous car. It can travel from one point to another without any assistance from driver. It uses hardware sensors like LiDAR, position estimator, distance sensor, GPS, etc and Artificial Intelligence. Google map and Google street view are used for proper navigation. This technology reduces the traffic accidents and will make navigation more efficient.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
AKS UNIVERSITY Satna Final Year Project By OM Hardaha.pdf
Automobile acc
1. ACTIVE CRUISE CONTROL
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
TEAM
SYED ARSHAD.S.K (180021602019)
SYED MUSTAK ALI.B (180021602020)
VIGNESHWARAN.S (180021602022)
2. What Is Adaptive Cruise
Control?
•Adaptive cruise control (ACC) is a system designed to help
vehicles maintain a safe following distance and stay within the
speed limit. This system adjusts a car's speed automatically so
drivers don't have to.
•Adaptive cruise control is one of 20 terms used to describe its
functions so that you might see adaptive cruise control as the
following in advertisements and vehicle descriptions:
• oActive cruise control
• oDynamic cruise control
• oRadar cruise control
• oAutomatic cruise control
3. • ACC functions by sensory technology installed within vehicles
such as cameras, lasers, and radar equipment, which creates
an idea of how close one car is to another, or other objects on
the roadway. For this reason, ACC is the basis for future car
intelligence.
• These sensory technologies allow the car to detect and warn
the driver about potential forward collisions. When this
happens, red lights begin to flash, and the phrase 'brake now!'
appears on the dashboard to help the driver slow down. There
might also be an audible warning
4. Types of Adaptive Cruise
Control
•Radar-Based Systems
According to e-Info Chips,radar-based systemswork by placing radar-
based sensors on or around plastic fasciasto detect your vehicle's
surroundings. Each radar sensor works together to create a
comprehensive picture of the vehicle's proximity to other cars or
potentially hazardous objects. This type of sensor can look different
depending on the design and model of the car.
•Laser-Based Systems
As mentioned byElectronic Design, this type of ACC system operates
out of a large black box typicallyplaced in the grilleof your vehicle. It
uses laser technology to detect the proximity of objects to your car. It
does not operate well during rainstorms and other weather conditions.
5. •Multi-Sensor Systems
According to Fierce Electronics, adaptive cruise control systems
sometimes integrate more than one type of sensor to aid in a vehicle's
operation. Multi-sensor systems incorporate several different sensor
types to provide a driver with advanced information. These sensors
mightinclude GPS data equipmentor cameras to gather information
about a vehicle's geographic environment and proximity to other cars.
•Predictive Systems
As mentioned by Auto blog,prediction systemsare a type of ACC that
uses sensory data to predict the actions of neighboring vehicles. This
means that your car might slow down to brace for another vehicle
suddenly switching lanes and, in doing so, promotes passenger safety.
• Adaptive cruise control is evolving each year. Car companies are
continuously making adjustments to this technology and, in doing
so, creating more common and affordable options that can be
purchased with a new car or added to older car models, making
driving safer for everyday people.
6. Advantages of Adaptive Cruise
Control
• Some key advantages of adaptive cruise control mentioned by
MyCarDoesWhat.org include an increase in road safety, as cars
with this technology will keep the adequate spacing between
them and other vehicles. These space-mindful features will
also help prevent accidents that result from an obstructed
view or close following distance. Similarly, ACC will help
maximize traffic flow because of its spatial awareness. As a
driver, you don't have to worry about your speed, and instead,
you can focus on what is going on around you.
7. Limitations of Adaptive Cruise
Control
• Although there are many advantages to adaptive cruise
control, there are still limitations to consider. One of the main
faults in this system is the fact that it is not entirely
autonomous. The driver of the vehicle still needs to practice
safe driving habits that will work in tandem with this
technology to produce the best results. Similarly, adverse
weather conditions like snow, rain, or fog might confuse the
system's sensors, as well as environmental factors such as
driving through tunnels.
