The document provides a comparison of the Rorschach and MMPI personality tests. It notes that the tests differ in their purpose, methodology, validity, and susceptibility to manipulation. Specifically, the MMPI aims to provide clinical diagnoses, uses a forced-choice true/false format, has high validity, and is difficult to manipulate. In contrast, the Rorschach is a projective test open to interpretation, has questionable validity, and can be easily manipulated. The document analyzes these differences through examples from psychological research.
The document summarizes a research study that examined the impact of providing an explanation along with spanking on a child's behavior compared to spanking alone. Parents recorded disciplinary actions and outcomes in journals. Data was collected and rated on rates of reoccurrence. As predicted, children who received multiple discipline techniques concurrently, like an explanation following a spanking, were more likely to comply with expectations in the future and reported better understanding why the behavior was unacceptable than those who received spanking alone. The study used the Cox Regression Model and Discipline Record Book as measurement instruments.
Objective personality tests involve administering standardized questions to examinees who select from fixed response options. They are economical to administer to large groups and scoring is objective. However, they do not account for individual motives and cognitions, so people with similar scores may differ. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory identifies psychiatric diagnoses through items from prior tests and clinical experience assessing scales like depression, hysteria, and paranoia. Projective tests use unstructured stimuli to reveal examinees' needs, wishes, and conflicts through their open-ended responses, which are interpreted along multiple dimensions. Ethical testing requires competence, informed consent, confidentiality, and avoiding unfair disadvantages to minority groups.
This document discusses several types of psychological assessments, including projective tests, personality questionnaires, and interviews. It provides examples of specific assessments like the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), Rorschach inkblot test, Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire, and Q-sort method. The assessments are used to analyze people's behaviors, inner feelings, personality structures, and viewpoints in clinical, educational, and research settings.
The document summarizes a phenomenological study that explored the delusional experiences of people with Parkinson's disease. Eight participants were interviewed and four key themes emerged from the analysis: 1) the emotional experience associated with delusions, 2) a sense of uncertainty and loss of control, 3) a loss of identity and sense of self, and 4) acceptance and adjustment to the delusions. Phenomenology aims to understand subjective experiences through detailed descriptions rather than explanations. It requires empathy from the researcher and an openness to participants' perspectives without imposing predetermined ideas.
This document discusses key concepts related to research paradigms. It begins by outlining the lesson objectives of understanding the three dominant research paradigms, distinguishing between positivism and interpretivism, and differentiating inductive and deductive reasoning. It then defines positivism as relying on strict scientific methods to obtain knowledge and interpretivism as valuing subjective meanings and contexts. The document contrasts features of the positivist versus interpretivist paradigms and discusses mixed methods approaches. It also defines deductive and inductive reasoning, as well as the concepts of research methods, methodology, and design.
This document discusses personality assessment and different methods used for assessment. It describes that personality assessment involves administering empirically supported measures of personality traits to refine diagnoses, structure interventions, and increase behavioral prediction accuracy. It discusses various methods like self-report inventories, projective tests, behavioral assessments using observation and situational tests, rating scales, and frequency counts. It provides details on commonly used assessments like MMPI, Rorschach, and classifications of self-report personality tests.
Projective personality tests like the Rorschach inkblot test and Thematic Apperception Test provide rich information by encouraging unstructured responses to ambiguous stimuli. They allow subjects freedom of expression and can reveal unconscious conflicts. However, they require extensive training to administer and interpret reliably due to the complexity of the data collected. While advantageous for diagnostics, projective tests are also more expensive than objective measures.
This document discusses the pros and cons of using observation versus other methods for collecting data in research studies. It notes that observation is better suited for sensitive topics where self-reports may be biased. However, observation requires that the phenomena being studied can actually be observed and may require a long time commitment. The document also outlines different types of observation, including direct, unobtrusive, and disguised field observations, noting ethical issues that need to be considered with each approach.
The document summarizes a research study that examined the impact of providing an explanation along with spanking on a child's behavior compared to spanking alone. Parents recorded disciplinary actions and outcomes in journals. Data was collected and rated on rates of reoccurrence. As predicted, children who received multiple discipline techniques concurrently, like an explanation following a spanking, were more likely to comply with expectations in the future and reported better understanding why the behavior was unacceptable than those who received spanking alone. The study used the Cox Regression Model and Discipline Record Book as measurement instruments.
Objective personality tests involve administering standardized questions to examinees who select from fixed response options. They are economical to administer to large groups and scoring is objective. However, they do not account for individual motives and cognitions, so people with similar scores may differ. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory identifies psychiatric diagnoses through items from prior tests and clinical experience assessing scales like depression, hysteria, and paranoia. Projective tests use unstructured stimuli to reveal examinees' needs, wishes, and conflicts through their open-ended responses, which are interpreted along multiple dimensions. Ethical testing requires competence, informed consent, confidentiality, and avoiding unfair disadvantages to minority groups.
This document discusses several types of psychological assessments, including projective tests, personality questionnaires, and interviews. It provides examples of specific assessments like the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), Rorschach inkblot test, Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire, and Q-sort method. The assessments are used to analyze people's behaviors, inner feelings, personality structures, and viewpoints in clinical, educational, and research settings.
The document summarizes a phenomenological study that explored the delusional experiences of people with Parkinson's disease. Eight participants were interviewed and four key themes emerged from the analysis: 1) the emotional experience associated with delusions, 2) a sense of uncertainty and loss of control, 3) a loss of identity and sense of self, and 4) acceptance and adjustment to the delusions. Phenomenology aims to understand subjective experiences through detailed descriptions rather than explanations. It requires empathy from the researcher and an openness to participants' perspectives without imposing predetermined ideas.
This document discusses key concepts related to research paradigms. It begins by outlining the lesson objectives of understanding the three dominant research paradigms, distinguishing between positivism and interpretivism, and differentiating inductive and deductive reasoning. It then defines positivism as relying on strict scientific methods to obtain knowledge and interpretivism as valuing subjective meanings and contexts. The document contrasts features of the positivist versus interpretivist paradigms and discusses mixed methods approaches. It also defines deductive and inductive reasoning, as well as the concepts of research methods, methodology, and design.
This document discusses personality assessment and different methods used for assessment. It describes that personality assessment involves administering empirically supported measures of personality traits to refine diagnoses, structure interventions, and increase behavioral prediction accuracy. It discusses various methods like self-report inventories, projective tests, behavioral assessments using observation and situational tests, rating scales, and frequency counts. It provides details on commonly used assessments like MMPI, Rorschach, and classifications of self-report personality tests.
Projective personality tests like the Rorschach inkblot test and Thematic Apperception Test provide rich information by encouraging unstructured responses to ambiguous stimuli. They allow subjects freedom of expression and can reveal unconscious conflicts. However, they require extensive training to administer and interpret reliably due to the complexity of the data collected. While advantageous for diagnostics, projective tests are also more expensive than objective measures.
This document discusses the pros and cons of using observation versus other methods for collecting data in research studies. It notes that observation is better suited for sensitive topics where self-reports may be biased. However, observation requires that the phenomena being studied can actually be observed and may require a long time commitment. The document also outlines different types of observation, including direct, unobtrusive, and disguised field observations, noting ethical issues that need to be considered with each approach.
Projective techniques are indirect interview methods used in psychology to understand a respondent's underlying motives, attitudes, or feelings that they may not openly reveal. These techniques involve having respondents project their own unconscious perspectives when interpreting ambiguous stimuli like ink blots, pictures, or sentence/story completions. Some common projective techniques discussed in the document are word association tests, Rorschach ink blots, TAT pictures, role playing exercises, and sociometry which maps social relationships in a group. Projective techniques are useful for motivational and attitude research.
The document discusses two commonly used personality inventories: the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF). The MMPI is one of the most frequently used personality tests in mental health. It has several versions including the original MMPI, MMPI-2, MMPI-A for adolescents, and the newer MMPI-2-RF. The 16PF measures 16 normal-range personality traits and 5 broad dimensions based on years of factor-analytic research. Both tests provide objective assessments of personality and psychopathology through self-report questionnaires.
Psychometric assessment of older adults oct 21 to 26 2013 winter workshopDr. Rakesh Tripathi
This document discusses psychological assessment of older adults. It provides an overview of concepts related to psychometrics and psychological assessment. It describes the purpose and steps of psychological assessment for older adults, including screening and detailed assessment. Several commonly used cognitive screening tools are described, including the Mini-Mental State Examination, Hindi Mental State Examination, and a newly developed Hindi Cognitive Screening Test. The document emphasizes the importance of using culturally appropriate assessment tools for accurate evaluation of older adults.
Interviewing in qualitative psychology researchDr. Chinchu C
Interview is probably the most widely used tool in Qualitative Psychological Research. A step-by-step guide to conducting Interviews for Qualitative Research in Psychology is given. An Introduction to Interview Data Analysis is also provided. The Do's and Don'ts of Interviewing are outlined in detail.
Psychological tests are structured techniques used to generate samples of behavior from which inferences can be made about an individual's attributes. There are various types of psychological tests that assess domains like intelligence, personality, neuropsychological functioning, and more. Intelligence tests measure constructs like cognitive ability, while personality tests evaluate traits and characteristics. Examples of commonly used intelligence tests discussed in the document include the Stanford-Binet, WAIS, and Raven's Progressive Matrices. Personality assessments mentioned are the MMPI, Rorschach, and TAT. Psychological testing provides information useful for various purposes like education, career counseling, diagnosis, and treatment.
The different forms of Psychological tests in practice including the Neuropsychological assessments..................
Details and the original version of the slide can be available on demand by forwrding a mail request to bivin.jb@gmail.com
Various methods of personality assessment by s.lakshmanan psychologistLAKSHMANAN S
This document provides information on various projective personality tests, including the Rorschach inkblot test, Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), and Children Apperception Test (CAT). It outlines the components, administration, scoring, and interpretation of each test. For the Rorschach, it describes the 10 inkblot cards and provides examples of interpretations based on responses. For the TAT, it lists the categories used to analyze stories told in response to the cards. And for the CAT, tailored for children, it outlines the areas of interpretation for stories told in response to pictures of animals.
The document discusses various methods used to assess personality, including interviews, observation, rating scales, objective and projective personality tests. It provides details on several specific personality tests:
- The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) measures psychopathology and includes validity scales.
- The 16PF assesses personality traits and takes 30-50 minutes to complete.
- The McGill Pain Questionnaire evaluates a person's experience of pain over time.
- Projective tests like the Rorschach inkblots test and Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) use ambiguous stimuli to project unconscious feelings.
A Narrative Inquiry in physical educationAshley Casey
Presentation at AIESEP Madrid 2015 - A Narrative Inquiry into the negotiation of the dominant stories of physical education: Living, telling, re-telling, and re-living
The study examined the characteristics of youth who intentionally seek out pornography online or offline. It found that 8% reported offline-only exposure, 7% reported online exposure, and the vast majority (85%) reported no exposure. Youth who reported any exposure tended to be older, male, and have poorer relationships with caregivers as well as more behavioral issues like delinquency and substance use. The study suggests pornography seeking may be a marker for broader challenges during adolescence and that healthy caregiver relationships could help reduce this risk behavior. It provides a baseline understanding before trends potentially changed with technology.
Young users are increasingly accessing pornography online, with some children reporting viewing it from ages 8-11. They find these sites through friends, accidents, or curiosity about sexuality. While filters try to restrict access, users can still often view porn. Helpline.org receives reports of this and aims to discuss emotions, understand why it occurs, and explain the potential harms of distorted views, trauma, and unsafe contacts while discouraging further access. Parents are encouraged to have open conversations about sexuality to promote healthy development versus children seeking answers online.
Some ideas and thoughts arising from Cong14. Idea is to start a conversation with interested people on how we can engage parents and teens about the issue of porn addiction, and raise awareness of the repercussions of watching too much porn.
Youth sexting: challenging victim blaming and abstinence, and exploring the r...Emily Setty
This presentation outlines the public response to youth sexting as a cultural phenomenon, including its construction as an act of deviance and promotion of abstinence to 'protect' young people. The presentation then outlines young people's perceptions and practices surrounding youth sexting, and explores moving away from abstinence and victim blaming narratives to focus on privacy and consent.
This document discusses research on teens and pornography use. It notes some disturbing statistics, such as teens finding porn easily online. It also discusses unanswered questions, such as whether viewing porn leads to risky behavior, can be considered a rite of passage, or used for sex education. The document reviews several studies on teens and porn and notes that more research is needed.
John R. Williams discusses the harms of internet pornography and strategies for overcoming compulsive porn use in 3 sentences or less:
Internet pornography is highly addictive and rewires the brain like drugs or junk food, damaging relationships, health, and morals. Overcoming porn addiction requires reducing triggers through boundaries, accountability, and replacing the habit with healthy relationships and activities while expecting and learning from relapses. The goal is to retrain the brain and heart to desire only one's spouse through developing purity.
The document compares the representations of youth culture in the films "Good Vibrations" and "The Inbetweeners Movie". "Good Vibrations", set in 1970s-80s Belfast, portrays punk youth as individual, motivated and fighting for social change. "The Inbetweeners Movie", a modern British comedy, depicts teenage boys as typically horny, irresponsible and shallow in their pursuit of sex and partying. While neither representation is entirely unrealistic, they provide contrasting views of teenagers and how media shapes perceptions of youth.
This document discusses human sexuality from biological and cultural perspectives. Biologically, sex refers to distinctions between males and females that determine reproduction, while gender involves cultural norms for each sex. However, sexuality has both biological and cultural influences, as biology does not dictate specific behaviors. Studies show a wide range in sexual activities among Americans. Views of sexuality also differ across time and cultures. Deviance from social norms is addressed through social control mechanisms like the criminal justice system.
Beyond the Locker Room: The Role Media Messages in Teaching Sexual Awareness ...amfreshman
This document outlines the objectives, purpose, definitions, and literature review for a study examining the role of media in teen boys' sexual awareness and socialization. The study aims to understand how teen boys receive and perceive sexual messages in media, the role of media literacy in sex education, and how boys utilize social media for sexual socialization. The literature review covers topics like teen sexual activity, media's portrayal of sex, social media and sexting, media effects theories, and the potential relationship between media exposure and risky sexual behaviors in teens. Key concepts to be examined include social learning theory, media literacy, and how media may influence teens' sexual scripts and awareness.
Parenting in the Age of Media!
Parenting has become more challenging now than before due to various factors. Find out more about the problems and how to become a better parent despite the challenges we face today.
Alcohol And Adolescence What Every Educator Should KnowSarah Pahl
Presentation designed to equip educators of adolescents with knowledge of alcohol's effects on adolescent brains and bodies, the ability to identify risk and protective factors, and specific tools for the classroom to communicate positive prevention messages.
Projective techniques are indirect interview methods used in psychology to understand a respondent's underlying motives, attitudes, or feelings that they may not openly reveal. These techniques involve having respondents project their own unconscious perspectives when interpreting ambiguous stimuli like ink blots, pictures, or sentence/story completions. Some common projective techniques discussed in the document are word association tests, Rorschach ink blots, TAT pictures, role playing exercises, and sociometry which maps social relationships in a group. Projective techniques are useful for motivational and attitude research.
The document discusses two commonly used personality inventories: the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF). The MMPI is one of the most frequently used personality tests in mental health. It has several versions including the original MMPI, MMPI-2, MMPI-A for adolescents, and the newer MMPI-2-RF. The 16PF measures 16 normal-range personality traits and 5 broad dimensions based on years of factor-analytic research. Both tests provide objective assessments of personality and psychopathology through self-report questionnaires.
Psychometric assessment of older adults oct 21 to 26 2013 winter workshopDr. Rakesh Tripathi
This document discusses psychological assessment of older adults. It provides an overview of concepts related to psychometrics and psychological assessment. It describes the purpose and steps of psychological assessment for older adults, including screening and detailed assessment. Several commonly used cognitive screening tools are described, including the Mini-Mental State Examination, Hindi Mental State Examination, and a newly developed Hindi Cognitive Screening Test. The document emphasizes the importance of using culturally appropriate assessment tools for accurate evaluation of older adults.
Interviewing in qualitative psychology researchDr. Chinchu C
Interview is probably the most widely used tool in Qualitative Psychological Research. A step-by-step guide to conducting Interviews for Qualitative Research in Psychology is given. An Introduction to Interview Data Analysis is also provided. The Do's and Don'ts of Interviewing are outlined in detail.
Psychological tests are structured techniques used to generate samples of behavior from which inferences can be made about an individual's attributes. There are various types of psychological tests that assess domains like intelligence, personality, neuropsychological functioning, and more. Intelligence tests measure constructs like cognitive ability, while personality tests evaluate traits and characteristics. Examples of commonly used intelligence tests discussed in the document include the Stanford-Binet, WAIS, and Raven's Progressive Matrices. Personality assessments mentioned are the MMPI, Rorschach, and TAT. Psychological testing provides information useful for various purposes like education, career counseling, diagnosis, and treatment.
The different forms of Psychological tests in practice including the Neuropsychological assessments..................
Details and the original version of the slide can be available on demand by forwrding a mail request to bivin.jb@gmail.com
Various methods of personality assessment by s.lakshmanan psychologistLAKSHMANAN S
This document provides information on various projective personality tests, including the Rorschach inkblot test, Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), and Children Apperception Test (CAT). It outlines the components, administration, scoring, and interpretation of each test. For the Rorschach, it describes the 10 inkblot cards and provides examples of interpretations based on responses. For the TAT, it lists the categories used to analyze stories told in response to the cards. And for the CAT, tailored for children, it outlines the areas of interpretation for stories told in response to pictures of animals.
The document discusses various methods used to assess personality, including interviews, observation, rating scales, objective and projective personality tests. It provides details on several specific personality tests:
- The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) measures psychopathology and includes validity scales.
- The 16PF assesses personality traits and takes 30-50 minutes to complete.
- The McGill Pain Questionnaire evaluates a person's experience of pain over time.
- Projective tests like the Rorschach inkblots test and Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) use ambiguous stimuli to project unconscious feelings.
A Narrative Inquiry in physical educationAshley Casey
Presentation at AIESEP Madrid 2015 - A Narrative Inquiry into the negotiation of the dominant stories of physical education: Living, telling, re-telling, and re-living
The study examined the characteristics of youth who intentionally seek out pornography online or offline. It found that 8% reported offline-only exposure, 7% reported online exposure, and the vast majority (85%) reported no exposure. Youth who reported any exposure tended to be older, male, and have poorer relationships with caregivers as well as more behavioral issues like delinquency and substance use. The study suggests pornography seeking may be a marker for broader challenges during adolescence and that healthy caregiver relationships could help reduce this risk behavior. It provides a baseline understanding before trends potentially changed with technology.
Young users are increasingly accessing pornography online, with some children reporting viewing it from ages 8-11. They find these sites through friends, accidents, or curiosity about sexuality. While filters try to restrict access, users can still often view porn. Helpline.org receives reports of this and aims to discuss emotions, understand why it occurs, and explain the potential harms of distorted views, trauma, and unsafe contacts while discouraging further access. Parents are encouraged to have open conversations about sexuality to promote healthy development versus children seeking answers online.
Some ideas and thoughts arising from Cong14. Idea is to start a conversation with interested people on how we can engage parents and teens about the issue of porn addiction, and raise awareness of the repercussions of watching too much porn.
Youth sexting: challenging victim blaming and abstinence, and exploring the r...Emily Setty
This presentation outlines the public response to youth sexting as a cultural phenomenon, including its construction as an act of deviance and promotion of abstinence to 'protect' young people. The presentation then outlines young people's perceptions and practices surrounding youth sexting, and explores moving away from abstinence and victim blaming narratives to focus on privacy and consent.
This document discusses research on teens and pornography use. It notes some disturbing statistics, such as teens finding porn easily online. It also discusses unanswered questions, such as whether viewing porn leads to risky behavior, can be considered a rite of passage, or used for sex education. The document reviews several studies on teens and porn and notes that more research is needed.
John R. Williams discusses the harms of internet pornography and strategies for overcoming compulsive porn use in 3 sentences or less:
Internet pornography is highly addictive and rewires the brain like drugs or junk food, damaging relationships, health, and morals. Overcoming porn addiction requires reducing triggers through boundaries, accountability, and replacing the habit with healthy relationships and activities while expecting and learning from relapses. The goal is to retrain the brain and heart to desire only one's spouse through developing purity.
The document compares the representations of youth culture in the films "Good Vibrations" and "The Inbetweeners Movie". "Good Vibrations", set in 1970s-80s Belfast, portrays punk youth as individual, motivated and fighting for social change. "The Inbetweeners Movie", a modern British comedy, depicts teenage boys as typically horny, irresponsible and shallow in their pursuit of sex and partying. While neither representation is entirely unrealistic, they provide contrasting views of teenagers and how media shapes perceptions of youth.
This document discusses human sexuality from biological and cultural perspectives. Biologically, sex refers to distinctions between males and females that determine reproduction, while gender involves cultural norms for each sex. However, sexuality has both biological and cultural influences, as biology does not dictate specific behaviors. Studies show a wide range in sexual activities among Americans. Views of sexuality also differ across time and cultures. Deviance from social norms is addressed through social control mechanisms like the criminal justice system.
Beyond the Locker Room: The Role Media Messages in Teaching Sexual Awareness ...amfreshman
This document outlines the objectives, purpose, definitions, and literature review for a study examining the role of media in teen boys' sexual awareness and socialization. The study aims to understand how teen boys receive and perceive sexual messages in media, the role of media literacy in sex education, and how boys utilize social media for sexual socialization. The literature review covers topics like teen sexual activity, media's portrayal of sex, social media and sexting, media effects theories, and the potential relationship between media exposure and risky sexual behaviors in teens. Key concepts to be examined include social learning theory, media literacy, and how media may influence teens' sexual scripts and awareness.
Parenting in the Age of Media!
Parenting has become more challenging now than before due to various factors. Find out more about the problems and how to become a better parent despite the challenges we face today.
Alcohol And Adolescence What Every Educator Should KnowSarah Pahl
Presentation designed to equip educators of adolescents with knowledge of alcohol's effects on adolescent brains and bodies, the ability to identify risk and protective factors, and specific tools for the classroom to communicate positive prevention messages.
On Tuesday April 5 2016, Exploring Teens asked the question: Is this normal teenage behaviour? At their very first Q & A parents forum, 7 experts in their field ranging from psychologists to youth motivational speakers, informed and empowered parents. It was a brilliant night and the organisers are to be commended on hosting such a great event. If you haven’t heard about subscribed Exploring Teens and subscribed to their magazine, please do!! It’s a brilliant resource of support and encouragement to parents who often feel isolated and alone whilst navigating what can be tumultuous years. http://www.exploringteens.com.au/
I spoke about the impact of porn on children and teens and inspired parents to get talking to their kids about it. You are welcome to listen to the podcast and get links to the other speakers on my blog: http://www.lizwalkerpresents.com/9-what-can-parents-do-about-porn/
The document discusses the history and definitions of pornography. It traces pornography back to ancient times in manuals like the Kama Sutra and mentions how it flourished during the Renaissance. The text then outlines some negative effects of pornography such as how it can contribute to psychological and social problems, objectify women, and negatively impact children. It provides statistics on pornography use in American culture. The document concludes by defining pornography from an Islamic perspective and providing tips on how to avoid and overcome addiction to pornography.
1. The document discusses sex and porn addiction, providing characteristics of typical addicts such as married men in their 30s whose wives discover inappropriate online behavior.
2. Sex addiction is described as meeting the same criteria as substance abuse addictions, involving a loss of control and continuation despite negative consequences.
3. Treatment focuses on stopping acting out immediately, confronting denial, developing relapse prevention plans, and referring clients to support groups like 12-step programs.
The document discusses research on pornography and its relationship to behaviors. It finds that viewing child pornography is linked to actual child abuse. Studies show that those possessing child pornography are likely to have committed hands-on sexual offenses against children as well, often with multiple victims. Researchers conclude that child pornography possessors cannot be assumed to not pose a risk to children, as there is significant crossover between possessing such images and committing contact sex offenses.
This document analyzes the target audiences for a documentary about cyberbullying among teenagers. The primary target audience is teenagers ages 12-18 from lower income brackets who enjoy socializing, sports, and gaming online and seek information. However, only 2.6% of teens watch the documentary's channel. The secondary audience is opinion leaders ages 25-50 from middle incomes who enjoy teaching and passing on knowledge. Although most documentary viewers are older, the opinion leaders may help spread awareness if they watch. The document then provides in-depth profiles of each target group's demographics, interests, and motivations.
This document discusses the Buddha's precepts of avoiding intoxicants and sexual misconduct. It warns that porn is unhealthy and not real, and can hurt relationships, while drugs and alcohol are a waste of money and bad for one's health and appearance. The document encourages finding fulfillment through real human connections instead of through substances or virtual connections.
Looking For Love in All the Wrong Places: The Science and Psychology of Porn ...Andrea Kuszewski
This document discusses the science and psychology of porn addiction. It explores whether porn can be addictive in the same way drugs are addictive and the effects of overusing porn. While porn use can impact the brain's dopamine response and condition users to seek novelty, it does not chemically alter the brain like drugs. Porn overuse can lead to relationship problems, sexual dysfunction, and unrealistic expectations, but is not truly an addiction in the same way as drug addiction. Moderation of porn use is recommended to avoid potential negative consequences.
This document discusses adolescent reproductive and sexual health (ARSH) in India. It notes that adolescents aged 10-19 make up 22% of India's population and face increased health risks like anemia, early marriage, teenage pregnancy, and STIs/HIV. The ARSH strategy aims to reduce teenage pregnancies and meet contraceptive needs through health services, capacity building, and communication activities. It also discusses establishing linkages between ARSH and HIV programs to address shared challenges and risks factors cost-effectively. The strategies proposed to promote adolescent health include adopting healthy lifestyles, organizing youth-friendly clinics, providing life skills training, counseling, and empowering adolescents.
The document discusses Vanessa Dahl's personal and educational background, including her early interest in reading and learning, becoming a mother and later pursuing higher education. It provides details of her work and volunteer experience in childcare and customer service and how her psychology coursework has influenced her career goals in clinical social work or school psychology. The resume and reflections sections further outline her qualifications and how she has applied what she has learned in her classes.
This document is a student's ePortfolio containing biographical information, academic work, and reflections on their undergraduate studies in clinical psychology. It includes a personal statement describing the student's interest in forensic psychology and goals of becoming an educator. It also includes a resume, reflection on their education experiences, and table of contents for their critical thinking portfolio. The student feels they have gained foundation in psychology theories and research skills but aims to further improve communication skills through continued education.
This document is a personal statement from Mark Bertucci, who is applying to a PsyD program. It summarizes his educational and professional background, interests in psychology topics, and desire to become a clinical psychologist to help others. He discusses areas of strength like empathy and critical thinking, as well as areas for growth like patience and avoiding assumptions. The statement conveys his passion for learning and contributing to the field of psychology.
Rebecca Wilson earned a BA in psychology in 2011 from Argosy University with a 3.96 GPA. She has worked full-time while attending school and maintained excellent grades. Her goal is to work with children by helping parents understand child development and nurturing young minds. She has relevant work experience and strong academic and interpersonal skills that will help her succeed in a career in psychology.
[1] The document discusses objectivity in scientific research, with multiple individuals providing their perspectives. Sabrina argues true objectivity is impossible, as every person has different viewpoints and values that influence their work. [2] Sable acknowledges objectivity is difficult but important, referring to a video discussing Karl Popper's view of science focusing on disproving hypotheses. [3] A discussion follows on the role of emotions and confirmation bias in research, and how acknowledging preconceptions can both help and hinder scientific objectivity.
This issue of "O Behave" discusses various topics related to behavioral science including: how the language we use shapes our behavior and perceptions; an experiment showing that saying "I don't" instead of "I can't" when resisting temptation is more effective; research finding people overestimate how much others enjoy self-promotion; and how wearing formal clothes can prime more abstract thinking. It also provides brief summaries of recent behavioral research studies and highlights upcoming behavioral science events.
1. Expressing strong family ties and prioritizing family needs over individual needs could be seen as abnormal in more individualistic cultures.
2. Maintaining traditional gender roles and expectations within the family that are less common now could be misinterpreted.
3. Certain religious/spiritual practices like communicating with deceased relatives that are accepted in some cultures may be seen as abnormal in others with different beliefs. Understanding cultural differences is important to avoid misinterpreting normal behaviors as pathological.
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This document is a portfolio submission from Ray Coates summarizing his experience obtaining a psychology degree from Argosy University. Coates discusses how the degree has given him a scientific understanding of human behavior and the ability to explain psychological concepts. He is considering pursuing a master's degree, but finances may prevent further formal education. Coates believes the degree will allow him to continue learning from interactions and media, and may contribute to the field of psychology through future discoveries. He concludes that the psychology program has validated his experience in social services and given him tools to better interpret human behavior.
1. The document is a personal statement and resume from a psychology student named Orjola Lasku. It details her background growing up in Albania, interest in psychology sparked by teaching in the US, and experience working with diverse populations.
2. She completed her undergraduate degree in psychology online while working full time and raising a family. Her coursework covered topics like research methods, ethics, and diversity.
3. Her goal is to obtain a graduate degree in school psychology to make a positive impact on children and help create a better society.
Attitudes And Attitudes Of Older Adults Residing Within A...Olga Bautista
The document discusses a study using qualitative descriptive design to understand the emotions and attitudes of older adults living in a continuing care retirement community (CCRC) about accepting assistance or moving to a higher level of care. Focus groups will be used to answer the research question. Purposive sampling will be used to recruit older adult residents currently living independently but resisting moving to a higher level of care. The study aims to understand the attitudes and barriers preventing such transitions through open-ended questions in the focus groups.
This document summarizes key aspects of conducting qualitative fieldwork and interviews. It discusses gaining access to field sites, establishing rapport with subjects, negotiating permission, and issues that can arise from cultural differences between researchers and subjects. The document also provides tips for first visits to field sites, using covert or overt research approaches, structuring interviews, and dealing with politically charged settings. The overall goal of fieldwork is to immerse oneself in a site to understand subjects' perspectives through observation, conversation and rapport building.
The document discusses how the study of psychology in the SACE (South Australian Certificate of Education) curriculum relates to the real world. It explains that psychology provides opportunities to build skills like critical thinking, literacy, and numeracy. Studying psychology also helps students develop an understanding of themselves, others, and social contexts. The document outlines some career paths in psychology and discusses the importance of ethics both in psychological research and practice.
This document is an undergraduate ePortfolio belonging to Jaclyn Norris Garcia who earned a Bachelor's degree in Psychology in 2010 from Argosy University. The portfolio contains her resume, personal statement, reflections on her education and experience, and examples of her work demonstrating skills in areas like critical thinking, research, communication, ethics, psychology foundations, and interpersonal effectiveness. It concludes with her plans to continue her education by pursuing a Master's degree.
Jessica Sharma completed her undergraduate degree in psychology at Argosy University Online. She has a longstanding interest in psychology that began in high school. Her goal is to work as a genetic counselor to help children with autism. During her studies, she gained skills in areas such as communication, research, and critical thinking. She hopes to gain experience in the field through employment or internships before pursuing a graduate degree in genetic counseling.
IntroductionThis class helped me to solve out and answer the ver.docxnormanibarber20063
Introduction
This class helped me to solve out and answer the very many questions in human’s mind or activities that most people accept responsibility by trying to figure out on their own, the kind of environment that they reside in and how they interact with one another. Studying philosophy helps people to understand how things work, consider them in order and reason about the obvious situations in life, the ones, which make sense, and the hardest things that linger in the human mind. There are different fields of studying philosophy; there is the field of ethics and reliability, scientific technology, religion or human spirit and the real nature. Theory helps to get knowledge about the history of things and how they came up, it is also useful for the people who do research especially in religion studies; they need to develop thoughts and reasoning on how to discover the proper reason for why must religion do things.
What I have learned
In this class I have learned many things, I have developed to be a person of critical thoughts and discovered how to engage in ideas and answer questions. I acquired a unique way to understand other people’s opinions, though am not special than the others, I have a skill that many do not have, that is, I make a decision out analytical and evaluation of thoughts and obtain information from other sources and come up with an outstanding outcome which we did in this class too. From philosophy, I have learned the people’s views should be respected by not underestimating my fellow friends for example when we were in our third week you asked us to see each others work and learn from it, when I saw my fellow students work I took it as an opportunity ti learn from others and see how others think and how different our answers were, this helped me to have insight and learn from my mistakes. Also, I have the skill to clearly request for information, consider and compare the various opinions or beliefs that I have, now through this class I can take my mind to any other place and think about how others feel about their religion and how different my religion was from them. I have learned to understand the history of things or why some behave in a unique manner and how they join with the real world in which we reside. The good thing about this class is that it gave me the ability to see things from many different perspectives. One way or another I can communicate to a large group of individuals and address them appropriately by arranging my ideas and narrate to them clearly and fluently to make sure that they get my message. In my view from this class I can say that I am a better person and focus on my abilities and what I need to change to be better than others, everything that I need to do in life I apply to this class by just coming up with discussion and critically think of it, and it becomes possible to deal with life matters too.
Informal logic
In philosophy, there is a study of informal logic which describes the la.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
MATATAG CURRICULUM: ASSESSING THE READINESS OF ELEM. PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS I...NelTorrente
In this research, it concludes that while the readiness of teachers in Caloocan City to implement the MATATAG Curriculum is generally positive, targeted efforts in professional development, resource distribution, support networks, and comprehensive preparation can address the existing gaps and ensure successful curriculum implementation.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
2. Personal Statement I am a student of life – a lifetime learner who finds excitement and passion in the diversity evident in the world around me. Since my early years, I have been fascinated with the words, history, and lives of people who are different and call other cultures their own. Even the animal kingdom presented ways for me to satisfy my curiosity by offering perfect examples for me to study. As a result, I developed a knack for retaining what some would call “trivial” information, but this ability served me well in communicating with others upon initial introductions and in showing proficiency in certain subjects in the classroom. An insatiable reader, I devour materials that fill my hunger for Greek history, Roman escapades, and Egyptian mysteries. French and English castles and royalty feed my imagination about the days of yore and their influence on where we are as a society in the 21st century. Traveling to these places to immerse myself in the environments and to discover how Zeus became the god of the Greeks, how Marcus Aurelius bathed, or how Amenhotep worshiped is the ultimate lifetime experience. Incorporating my interests into a career was not easy, and in fact, has never occurred. However, I did use my skill for connecting with people to garner work in the customer service, banking, and retail arenas. These jobs allowed me to impart knowledge to others which is an underlying desire. I firmly believe that individuals can improve themselves if given the right information and I gladly give that information if I have it.
3. Personal Statement Obtaining a degree in Psychology is the fulfillment of a lifelong goal, and now that I have acquired it, I will move on to the next goal which is a degree in metaphysics eventually garnering a doctorate in this area. There is so much that is unknown and the field of Psychology does not and cannot answer all the questions relevant to the human experience. Seeking out those areas that are outside the norm will satisfy me and allow me to reach those who do not subscribe to traditional methods. Independence is paramount to me and I would enjoy a lifestyle that allows me to travel and investigate “histories’ mysteries” and relay the findings to those who are just as interested as I am. Therefore, traditional work and pathways are not for me and I am not for them. Exploration, adventure, and freedom are the criteria I am seeking in the next step of my journey. Actually, I have always sought these things in a career. One day, I will find them.
4. Resume TammiL. Hart 202 Aisha St. ♦ Greenville, SC 29607♦ 864.417.7844 ♦ tamlynhart@hotmail.com OBJECTIVE To secure a position as a clinical counselor to help people maximize their potential. Education Argosy University, Phoenix, AZ, Bachelor of Arts – Psychology: 2010; GPA: 4.0 Qualifications Summary Outstanding communications skills…Comfortable interacting with people from all backgrounds. Highly organized…Expert in multi-tasking and prioritizing. Provided oversight of chronically homeless tenants Flexible and Adaptable…Assimilate quickly in transitions, switching roles as needed to maintain productivity. Embrace new concepts and methods. Resourceful Problem-Solver…Adept at anticipating and analyzing problems, then formulating solutions.
5. Resume Detail-Oriented and Conscientious…Keen eye for errors and inconsistencies, striving for flawless output. Computer Proficiency…Microsoft Office 2007 Applications. Employment History Administrative Assistant Day and Zimmermann II, Greenville, SC - 2008 - 2009 Upstate Homeless Coalition, Greenville, SC - 2008 Various Temporary Administrative/Receptionist Positions - 2006-2007 Eastern Design Services at Day and Zimmermann II, Greenville, SC Upstate Homeless Coalition, Greenville, SC Appleone Employment Solutions at Hewitt Coleman and Associates, Greenville, SC Seasonal Tax Preparer M & M Tax Service, Greenville, SC - 2006-2007 Library Assistant Abbeville County, Abbeville, SC - 2004-2005
6. Reflection I entered Argosy in January 2009 with a firm idea of what Psychology was about and the various fields inherent therein. What I discovered as I took course after course and interacted with classmates from all around the world is that Psychology was ever changing and I did not know as much as I previously thought. With each semester, I poured myself into my classes and gave 100%, sometimes it felt as though I was giving 200%! I could not tear myself away from the computer screen at times because I wanted all of my work to be top-notch. I could not suffer the thought of ending the course with anything less than an “A.” If I encountered instructors who were even more detailed than I am, then I had to raise my expectations even higher so that I would not disappoint them or myself. Thankfully, I excelled and am graduating with a 4.0 GPA. This is not to say that Argosy is easy. By far, it has been the most demanding school I have attended and I mean that with the utmost respect. Actually, I would not have it any other way.
7. Reflection Argosy has succeeded in providing students with a challenging online learning environment that instills psychological principles, ethics, and theories into the minds of classmates. It also gives the opportunity for those of diverse cultures and backgrounds to interact and exchange ideas. That is one of the greatest things about attending Argosy: meeting people from all over the globe. Another perk has been improving my writing and critical thinking skills. I have learned to analyze concepts, apply them to various situations, and put these concepts into my own words so I can share them with others. Furthermore, learning about the research methods involved in obtaining statistical information to create new theories or support old ones has given me the skills to critically review studies that are announced in the media and determine if the results are accurate or skewed. However, what has really impressed me is the level of skilled highly educated instructors Argosy employs to facilitate the classes. These people are some of the best
8. Reflection instructors I have ever encountered. They are concerned with making sure I do my best and offer assistance and guidance abundantly. These are people I admire and their success and achievements push me to conquer all that I have dreamed of obtaining.
9. Table of Contents Cognitive Abilities: Critical Thinking and Information Literacy Research Skills Communication Skills: Oral and Written Ethics and Diversity Awareness Foundations of Psychology Applied Psychology Interpersonal Effectiveness **Samples of coursework will be included on the following slides.
11. Critical Thinking Rorschach and MMPI: A Comparison and Contrast Personality tests have been created to assess how people think, act, and relate to their environment. Two of the most prominent tests are the Rorschach and the MMPI. These two tests have hardly anything in common, and from the research read, the only commonalities were that they are personality tests and they can be used to diagnose certain disorders such as schizophrenia and other serious mental illnesses (Gregory, 2007). On the other hand, there are many differences between the two. For example, the MMPI was specifically created to give clinical diagnoses so that clinicians can help their patients and provide treatments that will improve their condition (Argosy, 2010). The MMPI is an objective test with “forced choice” answers (Argosy, 2010). This means that one can only answer true or false to a question and not provide any additional information to explain a response. The Rorschach, alternatively, is a projective test where the respondents “project” their answers or interpretations upon the stimuli (Argosy, 2010). The test consists of 10 inkblot cards that are placed in front of a person one at a time. The subject is required to tell the tester what they see. They can choose to respond to all of the blot, part of it, or none at all. This type of test gives the respondent much leeway with answers and can provide the researcher with much detail when scoring (Gregory, 2007).
12. Critical Thinking Another difference is the amount of respectability each test has. The MMPI, which is based on empirical evidence and has much research behind it, receives more respect and is considered more reliable and valid than the Rorschach (Gregory, 2007). In fact, when scored, validity usually hovers around .99 on both MMPI and MMPI-2 (Gregory, 2007). For the Rorschach, because of the lack of a normative sample in which to compare the scores of subjects and the fact that the creator died before he could complete more research on his test (The Original Rorschach Website, 2009), many researchers refuse to give the Rorschach validation (Gregory, 2007). They stress that the test is variable and no one can possibly know what a person is truly thinking (Argosy, 2010). They also disagree with the hypothesis that is generated after the scoring because it is only a hypothesis and not a factual diagnosis (Argosy, 2010). Furthermore, the Rorschach can be easily manipulated and studies have been done to show just that (Gregory, 2007). For instance, Frueh and Kinder (1994), in their The Susceptibility of the Rorschach Inkblot Test to Malingering of Combat-Related PTSD, showed how easily it is to manipulate the Rorschach when they tested veterans who had been diagnosed with PTSD along with a control group and those who had been assigned the role of a malingerer. The subjects were given the Rorschach, the MMPI-2, and the Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related PTSD.
13. Critical Thinking The results showed that the malingerers scored the same as those diagnosed with PTSD on the MSCR and on some Rorschach variables, but not on the MMPI-2 (Frueh and Kinder, 1994). Also, as cited in Gregory (2007), Albert, Fox, and Kahn conducted similar research to discover how easy it is to fake responses on the Rorschach and their findings supported the ease of manipulation just as well as Frueh and Kinder (1994). Needless to say, validity and reliability are greatly affected and have always been the subject of much debate with the Rorschach (Argosy, 2010). To make matters worse, the website Wikipedia has posted all the inkblots on their site along with the most popular answers (Nicholson, 2009). Wouldn’t having the answers to the test render it virtually useless? I think so. Fortunately, the Rorschach can be used successfully alone or in combination with other assessments as long as the clinician is properly trained in scoring and interpretation (Argosy, 2010). Kendra’s Predicting Suicide Using the Rorschach Inkblot Test (1979) supported previous research which stated that the Rorschach was the best indicator of suicidal tendencies. He used the Rorschach and created a scale based upon multiple signs that would be valid indicators of suicidal behaviors (Kendra, 1979). That being said, I can completely understand how the Rorschach could validly predict suicide. I can also see how it could diagnose a personality disorder in a small child or an adult especially when used in combination with other assessments.
14. Critical Thinking In my opinion, the Rorschach would be the best option when assessing young children or those with limited cognitive abilities; whereas the MMPI would be too complicated and above the reading level or comprehension of the individual. Because the test is projective, the subject will have a greater chance to reveal the inner thoughts of his mind (Argosy, 2010). Looking at inkblots and telling an assessor that they see food or they see anger or a man with a knife can reveal clues about what is going on in the mind of the individual especially because the Rorschach interpretation is based upon the psychodynamic personality theory that believes all associations can be traced back to something in early childhood (Argosy, 2010). Unfortunately, this level of freedom can come with a price. Children, or those with active imaginations, are usually very expressive and when presented the opportunity will be glad to indulge their fantasies. Therefore, if given the chance, they may unintentionally receive inaccurate test results because they are given too much freedom when answering. A perfect example would be having a child tell the assessor that he sees an overweight man in one of the blots. He has on a fur coat and a hat with “horns.”
15. Critical Thinking He talks like the man who comes to the child’s home to play with him when his mom is away. Now, this answer could come after the child has watched a particularly disturbing movie or television show and he is associating instead of projecting. Or, a subject could give depressing answers to the assessor when tested, but only as a result of losing a job or a loved one a few days ago instead of actually being clinically depressed. Coincidentally, the same scenario could happen while taking the MMPI, so I guess that is another thing the two tests have in common.
17. Research Skills Running head: Pornographic Websites are Easily Accessible to Adolescents Abstract Technology has greatly influenced society and the way it lives, grows, eats, and communicates. The world is no longer a large place where few cultures interact. It is now smaller than ever with nearly everyone sharing the same information. The main reason: the internet. The World Wide Web unites remote Siberia with tropical Hawaii. It allows a lonely man in Argentina to seek out a companion in India. It also facilitates the sharing of ideas and customs from one human to the next. Everyone can watch the same television shows, listen to the same music, and watch the same videos. All is accessible, but can this accessibility be too much too soon? For example, Sloviter (2007) conducted a study of 1500 youth between the ages of 10 – 17 and found that 40% of them were regularly exposed to online porn. Furthermore, 66% of those who intentionally sought out the porn were boys. These boys were more apt to download the images, chat with strangers online about sex, and show early signs of delinquent behavior.
18. Research Skills Adolescents and Pornography: Too Much Too Soon? The internet is at the forefront and is possibly the main gateway for information and entertainment. Virtually anyone has access to music, news, sexually explicit websites and movies. With the internet, parental consent is not always necessary. Because of this accessibility, teenagers may be more sexualized than any generation ever before. Braun-Courville and Rojas (2009) conducted a study of 433 adolescents to determine how many had internet access, and if so, how many viewed pornographic websites. The study found that 96% had access to the net and 55% visited porn sites. The researchers also found that those who visited porn sites were more sexually permissive, engaged in anal sex, had multiple lifetime partners, and used alcohol and drugs during sexual encounters (Braun-Courville & Rojas, 2009). To show just how prevalent and accessible pornography is to today’s children, Jerome, Fowler, Stuart, Blonska, Grout, and Bane’s, The Cyberporn Generation (2004), revealed how sexualized this generation of youth may be. The authors visited an 8th grade classroom and asked how many of the students had been exposed to porn. All of the children raised their hands. Furthermore, a study they conducted of 15 – 17 year-olds disclosed that 70% view hardcore porn (Jerome et.al, 2004). Reviewing additional research articles found similar results. For example, Bleakley, Hennessey, Fishbein, and Jordan (2009) showed in their study of 459 youth, ages 8 – 18 years-old, that they used the internet and other materials at least six hours a day for information about sex. Ybarra and Mitchell’s 2005 study of 12 – 18 year-olds supports this.
19. Research Skills Their research showed that 90% of them had access to the internet and 87% of those over the age of 14 intentionally seek porn online. Why would teens search for porn? According to Kinnes’ Secret Lives of High-Tech Teenagers (2004), today’s teens view porn as a way of life. It is literally “no big deal” to them and in their opinion, adults should not make a big deal out of it either. The London School of Economics, UK Children Go Online (UKCGO) (Kinnes, 2004) showed that over 505 of those aged 9 – 19 years-old encountered pornography on a regular basis and, in fact, one-fourth had received pornographic mail from peers. Apter (2010) blames parents’ lack of technological savvy for some of the exposure. In Modern Teenagers Have Access to Millions of Pages of Internet Porn. But Are We Creating a Damaged Generation as a Result (Apter, 2010), it is discovered that the less a parent knows about computers and the internet, the easier it is for a child to have access to pornographic websites. It can be inferred that the lack of parental controls and involvement contributes to this because the children basically have “free reign” on the internet. They also have become desensitized to porn since 12% of 5 – 7 year-olds and 16% of 8 – 17 year-olds have unintentionally been exposed while 38% of older teens seek it out (Apter, 2010). Teenagers and porn is not a problem strictly for those in the Western world. In fact, a study by Lo and Wei (2005) of Taiwanese adolescents showed that 38% regularly viewed pornography online and as a result had a more permissive view of sexuality.
20. Research Skills Tsitsika, Critselis, Kormas, Konstantoulaki, Constantopoulos, & Kafetzis (2009) of Greece conducted their own study of 529 Greek high school students and discovered that 19.47% of those were users of pornographic websites, were likely to be male, and had a conduct disorder. The research so far has established that pornographic websites are readily available and easily accessible to people of all ages. However, there are several questions the research has not answered. For instance, does pornography lead to lascivious behavior? There are some studies that show a slight correlation such as the Braun-Courville and Rojas (2009) study mentioned previously, but not enough to make a definite connection. Another question that has not been researched is can viewing pornography be considered a rite of passage? Kinnes’ (2004) study suggests this when the teens that she interviews state that porn is a way of life and should be seen as nothing to worry about by parents. No other research was found to support or detract from what Kinnes (2004) discovered; therefore, more studies could be done to answer the above question. Finally, can pornography be used as sex education? None of the studies addressed this question. Most research seemed to focus on who viewed pornography and how accessible it was to those who came across it. There is a strong possibility that adolescents view pornographic websites to educate themselves about sex because they are uncomfortable asking adults for information or may not have anyone available to question about sex. Further research can be done to find the positive aspects of pornography instead of just focusing on the negative outcomes.
21. Research Skills References Apter, Dr. T. (2010, April 10). Modern teenagers have access to millions of pages of internet porn. But are we creating a damaged generation as a result? Retrieved on May 14, 2010, from http://wf2dnvr8.webfeat.org/. Bleakley, A., Hennessy, M., Fishbein, M., & Jordan, A. (2009, January). How sources of sexual information relate to adolescents’ beliefs about sex. American journal of Health Behavior, 33(1), 37-48. Retrieved May 14, 2010, from PsycINFO database. Braun-Courville, D., & Rojas, M. (2009, August). Exposure to sexually explicit websites and adolescent sexual attitudes and behaviors. Journal of Adolescent Health, 45(2), 156-162. Retrieved on May 14, 2010, from doi:10.1016/jadohealth.2008.12.004. Kinnes, S. (2004, October 24). Secret lives of high-tech teenagers. Retrieved on May 14, 2010, from http://wf2dnvr8.webfeat.org/. Jerome, R., Fowler, J., Stuart, D., Blonska, J., Grout, P., & Bane, J. (2004). The Cyberporn Generation. People, 61(16), 72-76. Retrieved from Academic Search Complete database Lo, V., & Wei, R. (2005). Exposure to internet pornography and taiwanese adolescents' sexual attitudes and behavior. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 49(2), 221-237. doi:10.1207/s15506878jobem4902_5.
22. Research Skills Sloviter, V. (2007). Internet porn and your adolescent. Pediatrics for Parents, 23(3), 4. Retrieved from MasterFILE Premier database.Ward, L. (2003, September). Understanding the role of entertainment media in the sexual socialization of American youth: A review of empirical research. Developmental Review, 23(3), 347. Retrieved on May 14, 2010, from doi:10.1016/S0273-2297(03)00013-3. Tsitsika, A., Critselis, E., Kormas, G., Konstantoulaki, E., Constantopoulos, A., & Kafetzis, D. (2009). Adolescent pornographic internet site use: A multivariate regression analysisof the predictive factors of use and psychosocial implications. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 12(5), 545-550. doi:10.1089/cpb.2008.0346. Ybarra, M., & Mitchell, K. (2005). Exposure to internet pornography among children andadolescents: A national survey. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 8(5), 473-486. doi:10.1089/cpb.2005.8.473.
24. Communication Skills Community Intervention PSY301 Children and Violence Tammi Hart Dr. Terri Greer March 2, 2010 “Good evening, Neighbors. I am so glad that we have all come together tonight to present a unified front to show our community that we are serious about getting rid of the violence in our neighborhood. Please be assured that this is a first and major step in eradicating the violence and in showing our children that we care about them and that they can and do have a promising and safe future. “As you all know, gangs and youth violence have become tremendous problems in our nation and communities, and although it can seem overwhelming at times, something can be done. Our first step is to utilize the federal grants that are available to revitalize our neighborhood and create intervention programs that will help the whole family. One such grant is available through the Title V Community Prevention Grants program of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act (Bownes & Ingersoll, 1997). Studies have shown that intervention programs targeted at all areas of a child’s life, home, school, and community, reduce crime and its costs significantly (Bownes & Ingersoll, 1997).
25. Communication Skills Also, a ten-year study has shown that delinquency rates were reduced by 91% when programs were put into place that assisted the family of at-risk youth (Bownes & Ingersoll, 1997). “That being said, we can use the grant to build a community center in the vacant lot next to the church. The center can be used as an after-school center, a recreational arena, and a resource center where we can hold support groups and counseling sessions plus health screenings and financial information presentations just to name a few (Argosy, 2010). At the center, the children can be encouraged to take an active part in rebuilding their community by helping each other and forming teams to promote group activities (Argosy, 2010). We can employ the use of mentors to instill empathy in the children so that they will feel a connection to others and want to emulate what their mentors are doing. In addition, we will target, you, Parents, and give you the education you need to spot risky behaviors in your kids and to teach your children how to be proactive in preventing and resisting violent and illegal behaviors (Argosy, 2010). We do not want our children to become victims so we need to make sure that they have safe routes to walk to and from school. We need to set up neighborhood watches that operate day and night and have safe havens for the kids – places they can run to in case of trouble (Argosy, 2010). This means that we will have to work together and put aside any differences we may have in order to benefit our community. We will also provide parental counseling and classes so that we can give our kids what they need and not necessarily what our parents told us every child needs (Bownes & Ingersoll, 1997).
27. Ethics and Diversity Lillith: 16th Century Witch PSY493 Crime and Causes Tammi Hart Dr. Jon Stern May 14, 2010 Lillithhas been accused of practicing witchcraft with the intent to do harm. She has been living in this community for the last twenty years and has never been accused of breaking the law. In fact, she has been a midwife for the mayor’s sister, she has been a healer to those who are sick, and she has been the nursemaid for many children whose parents could not care for them. All of a sudden, when a new governor is elected, Lillith is the devil or at least his cohort. Does this reasoning make sense? Where is the rationale?
28. Ethics and Diversity Some may say that Lillith was born with the tendency to do harm – the idea of original sin – and therefore, needs redemption (Argosy, 2010). They believe that it is up to the church to handle this case since it is a moral one and only God can prove her innocence (Argosy, 2010). Others, a new school of thought, may say that she made a rational choice to commit a crime because there were positive consequences to do so (Argosy, 2010). Unfortunately, there is no evidence to support either theory. Lillith is unselfish. She is not for personal gain, but for the health and welfare of her community. She has never charged for her services and has actually offered to perform many deeds without being asked. As far as the claim that she speaks to people who are unseen or reports hearing voices, there is no harm being done. Maybe she does hear or see people that others do not. She could see angels, she could see Jesus, or she could see things that are completely her imagination. It is well known that Lillith is advanced in her age. Everybody knows an older person who is not in their “right mind” and acts oddly.
30. Foundations Theories of Crime PSY493 Crime and Causes Tammi Hart Dr. Jon Stern June 16, 2010 Why do people commit crimes? Is it nature? Is it nurture? Is it selfishness or desperation? Could it be all of the above? Or none of the above? It all depends upon who you ask. There are many theories in criminology that attempt to explain why people commit crimes. Some are based on sociology and the institutions of society that influence the individual (Argosy, 2010). Others are based on the nature of the crime, the individual, and his motives (Conklin, 2010). Travis Hirshi proposed the latter.
31. Foundations Hirshideveloped a theory to explain why people commit crimes called the social control theory. In this theory, Hirshi stated that the individual chooses delinquent behavior because he does not have intimate attachments to people, morals, values, etc (Conklin, 2010). If the delinquent valued the law or either parental values, then they are more likely to stay out of trouble. Delinquents do not care what others think and if they have formed attachments, they are with other delinquents. Hirshicontinued to expound upon criminology by joining forces with Michael Gottfredson to develop the general theory of crime. Gottfredson and Hirshi believed that criminals have little self-control and are led to seek instant gratification (Conklin, 2010). They are unlikely to participate in long-term organized crime because Gottfredson and Hirshi subscribed to the belief that criminals did not operate with organization. They pursued gratification no matter the cost to the victim. In the researchers’ opinion, police created this description of criminal organization to explain multiple criminal acts committed within a short span of time (Conklin, 2010). Social control theory segued into the general theory of crime because one cannot exist without the other. The delinquent must feel no attachment to family, school, or any other social institution that would compel him to be law-abiding. Once he has severed those attachments (or not formed them from the beginning), he will commit crimes that will provide immediate thrills. Most are impulsive, according to Hirshi and Gottfredson, and are called ordinary crimes (Conklin, 2010). The need for thrills falls into the Neutralization theory proposed by Matza and Sykes.
33. Applied Police Officers and Stress PSY422 Forensic Psychology Tammi Hart Dr. Sara Bender April 17, 2010 In the article, Stress in police officers: a study of the origins, prevalence andseverity of stress-related symptoms within a county police force (Collins & Gibbs, 2003.), a survey of 1206 police officers showed that 41% attributed great stress to their “organizational culture” and “workload.” Many pointed to the lack of communication and support in their departments, the lack of control over their workload, and the interference of work in their family lives as major points of stress (Collins & Gibbs, 2003). Work stress was attributed to increased physical and mental illness (Collins & Gibbs, 2003) such as depression, and also drug use (Argosy, 2010). Most disturbing was that female officers appeared to be more susceptible to stress and its negative effects than their male counterparts (Collins & Gibbs, 2003). Because police officers have been known to commit suicide (Rabasca, 2000) due to their highly stressful occupations, early intervention is paramount.
34. Applied Forensic psychologists who are skilled in working with police officers and their environment can offer psychotherapy to the officers (Argosy, 2010). In October 2000, police chiefs and psychologists collaborated to help the police departments become healthier environments (Rabasca, 2000). The psychologists offered to aid the departments in restructuring their organizations, in assessing officers at midcareer, and in stress management, just to name a few (Rabasca, 2000). The can also provide counseling services that will help officers who have been injured or disabled and those who, as mentioned before, may comtemplate suicide as their only option (Rabasca, 2000). They can further provide Fitness For Duty Evaluations (FFDE), if recommended by superiors, to determine if the job is too much for the officer to handle (Argosy, 2010). The evaluations are usually performed through a structured interview with the officer and clinical assessment tests such as the MMPI-2 and the PAI to evaluate competencies (Argosy, 2010). These tests will reveal any psychopathologies the officers may have, whether it will impair their ability to function on the job, or if it will negatively impact their daily life (Argosy, 2010).
36. Interpersonal Effectiveness The Death Penalty PSY423 Psychology and Criminal Justice Tammi Hart Dr. Ellen Weston April 13, 2010 (Psychology Today, April 13, 2010) – The death penalty is a controversial issue and can cause much discord among society. Also known as capital punishment, the death penalty is used for those who have committed a capital crime such as murder (Argosy, 2010). The murder could be that of a child, a police officer, or under federal law, treason and spying (Argosy, 2010). Various methods are used for executions around the world: beheadings, firing squads, electrocution, and hangings (Argosy, 2010). Opponents of the death penalty believe that it is immoral and inhumane (Deats, 2000). Many also believe that it unfairly punishes those who are minority and who have been found guilty of crimes which they did not commit (Argosy, 2010). In fact, 41% of people on death row are African-American. Since 1900, 416 people were wrongly convicted and sentenced to death and unfortunately, 23 of those were executed (Argosy, 2010).
37. Interpersonal Effectiveness Another argument for opponents is that psychologists have discovered that the death penalty is not a deterrent for crime and that murderers do not weigh the consequences before they kill (Argosy, 2010). Furthermore, states with the death penalty have higher murder rates than those without it (Argosy, 2010). On the other hand, proponents of the death penalty say that it is a deterrent for crime and that society is safer once execution is carried out (Who Speaks For, 2010). Michael Carter, a 37 year-old gentleman, believes in the death penalty, but thinks that it does not always work. He believes that most of the criminals who are killed could care less whether they die or not. Other death penalty advocates illustrate the folly of paroling those who have previously been convicted of violent crimes. According to them, violent criminals are paroled and allowed to commit heinous crimes once again (Who Speaks For, 2010). Advocates further state that the victims are lost in this battle with all of the attention being placed on the criminal being executed instead of on those whose lives will never be the same again (Who Speaks For, 2010).
38. Interpersonal Effectiveness Before doing research, the death penalty was something arbitrary without much effect. It felt right and wrong at the same time. Maybe it was used too much or not enough. Maybe it was used in the wrong instances or in the right ones. Unfortunately, after researching the various sides and weighing the arguments, the death penalty is still somewhat elusive – like a thought that cannot be pinned down. So, the author is still on the fence – with slightly more weight on the left side.
39. My Future in Learning I will never stop learning. Learning is like breathing. If I stop, I will die. Learning new ways of doing things, interacting with people of different backgrounds, speaking new languages, and just exploring the world are things I must do in order to be satisfied and function to the best of my ability. As a result, I will continue my formal education after graduation from Argosy. I am strongly interested in Philosophy and Metaphysics with an emphasis on how people define themselves spiritually, if at all. Informally, I will never stop picking up a book, I will never stop watching documentaries, I will never stop befriending others of different cultures, and I will never stop contributing what I have learned to the lives of those I meet. After all, that is what I am here to do: make someone else’s life better than it was before I met them.
40. Contact Me Thank you for viewing my ePortfolio. For further information, please contact me at the e-mail address below. tamlynhart@hotmail.com