Uploaded byRyan Michael Oducado
Attitude and Infection Control Practice
The study investigates infection control attitudes and practices regarding vital signs equipment among senior nursing students in Iloilo City, finding generally positive attitudes but significant lapses in practice. It revealed correlations between self-reported practices and observed behaviors, suggesting that students influenced each other positively. Key barriers to effective infection control included forgetfulness and lack of time, pointing to the need for clearer guidelines and better educational reinforcement.
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Attitude and Infection Control Practice
- 1. Treesha Llen C.Gayoso Eric Lorenz C. Josue Janelene Joy A. Lujan Christy Anne L. Ocate Zea Maize S. Suarez Ryan Michael F. Oducado
- 2. 2 million patients suffer fromHAIs annually 15% of all hospitalized patients suffer from nosocomial infections Emily and Sydnor, (2011) Reed and Kemmerly, (2009) Background in the Philippines 28% of patients in public hospitals developed HAIs Vergeire-Dalmacion, Itable and Baja (2016)
- 3. Staphylococcus Aureu E coli PseudomonasAeruginosa Enterococcus Faecalis Studies have shown that vital signs equipment harbors microorganism that are potentially infectious and pathogenic which may result to indirect cross-contamination Schoon & Sudoma (2013) Uneke & Ijeoma (2011) Uneke, Ogbonna, Oyibo & Onu (2010) Uneke, Ndukwe, Nwakpu, Nnabu, Ugwuoru & Prasopa-Plaizier (2013) Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
- 4. Attitude toward infectioncontrol has been identified to be a factor influencing compliance on infection control practice (Ward, 2012). Guidelines on the timing in cleaning or disinfection of vital signs equipment, especially the BP cuff are not very clear and explicit. Scarce studies investigated among the nursing student population
- 5. This study aimedto determine the infection control attitude and practices of vital signs equipment among senior nursing students in Iloilo City and whether or not significant relationship existed between the two variables. General Objective
- 6. A descriptive cross- sectionalmethod of investigation was employed among 202 randomly selected senior nursing students from six (6) Colleges of Nursing in Iloilo City. Design, Sampling and Participants
- 7. Researcher-made, self- administered survey questionnaire Instrument Faceand content validation to a panel of four (4) jurors who were experts in the field of infection control Cronbach’s alpha coefficient ranging .811 to .823.
- 8. Permission to conduct study Writteninformed consent secured Questionnaires distributed Data Analysis Data Gathering Procedure
- 9. Mean Pearson r. Levelof significance was set at .05 alpha. Standard Deviation Frequency count Percentage Rank Statistical Tools Pearson’s r
- 10. Attitude toward infectioncontrol of vital signs equipment of senior nursing students Category M SD Description Rank Perceived Benefit 4.54 0.49 Positive Attitude 1 Perceived Seriousness 4.41 0.50 Positive Attitude 2 Self-efficacy 4.37 0.50 Positive Attitude 3 Perceived Susceptibility 4.31 0.58 Positive Attitude 4 Perceived Barrier 3.95 0.82 Positive Attitude 5 Cues to Action 3.81 0.63 Positive Attitude 6 Composite Attitude 4.23 0.43 Positive Attitude The findings are consistent with the result of previous studies that found positive attitudes on handwashing among Jordanian nursing students and favorable attitude towards prevention of HAIs was reported among nursing students in Nepal(Darawad, Al-Hussami, Almhairat and Al-Sutari, 2012;Paudel, Ghosh & Adhikar (2016).
- 11. Self-report infection controlof vital signs equipment after each patient use of senior nursing students Almost Never Rarely Sometime s Often Almost Always f % f % f % f % f % BP apparatus 6 3.0 21 10. 4 59 29.2 79 39.1 37 18.3 Stethoscope 2 1.0 7 3.5 32 15.8 86 42.6 75 37.1 Thermometer 1 .5 - - 6 3.0 35 17.3 160 79.2 Self-report infection control of vital signs equipment every after clinical duty of senior nursing students Similarly, lapses in good infection control practices were also evident in the literature among nurses and nursing student population (Wu, Gardner & Chang, 2009; Gould, 2013; Uneke & colleagues, 2013; Schoon & Sudoma, 2013). Almost Never Rarely Sometime s Often Almost Always f % f % f % f % f % BP apparatus 7 3.5 20 9.9 59 29.2 70 34.7 46 22.8 Stethoscope 0 0 9 4.5 39 19.3 77 38.1 77 38.1 Thermometer 0 0 1 0.5 12 5.9 31 15.3 158 78.2
- 12. Infection control practiceof vital signs equipment of fellow nursing students every after each patient use Almost Never Rarely Sometim es Often Almost Always f % f % f % f % f % BP apparatus 15 7.4 50 24.8 70 34.7 48 23.8 19 9.4 Stethoscope 6 3.0 39 19.3 70 34.7 52 25.7 35 17.3 Thermometer 2 1.0 9 4.5 26 12.9 52 25.7 113 55.9 Infection control practice of vital signs equipment of fellow nursing students every after clinical duty Almost Never Rarely Sometime s Often Almost Always f % f % f % f % f % BP apparatus 14 6.9 38 18.8 73 36.1 54 26. 7 23 11.4 Stethoscope 3 1.5 29 14.4 68 33.7 63 31. 2 39 19.3 Thermometer 1 0.5 14 6.9 31 15.3 48 23. 108 53.5
- 13. Practice of handwashingbefore handling vital signs equipment Yes No f % f % Blood Pressure Apparatus 176 87.1 26 12.9 Stethoscope 174 86.1 28 13.9 Thermometer 183 90.6 19 9.4 While compliance rate on handwashing was found to be above 50 percent of the samples on related studies among nursing students in Saudi and Norway, there are still those who fail to perform handwashing consistently (Cruz & Bashtawi, 2016; Colet, Cruz, Alotaibi, Colet & Islam, 2017; Sundal, Aune, Storvig, Aasland, Fieldsaeter & Torjuul, 2017).
- 14. r p- value Interpretati on Self-report and observation infection controlpractice . 562 .000 Significant Correlation between self-report and observed extent of infection practice of vital signs equipment This finding supports Albert Bandura’s Social Learning Theory (1977). It can be said that when nursing students observe their fellow classmates disinfect their vital signs equipment, they tend to take the initiative in also disinfecting their own vital signs equipment.
- 15. r p- value Interpretati on Attitude and infection controlpractice . 328 .000 Significant Correlation between infection control attitude and practice of vital signs equipment The result of this study supports the Health Belief Model (Rosenstock, 1974) in explaining how personal beliefs or attitudes influence certain behavior like practice of infection control towards vital signs equipment.
- 16. Reasons for Non-disnfectionof Vital Signs Care Equipment f % Ran k Forgetfulness 156 77.2 1 Laziness to do the disinfection process 117 57.9 2 No time to perform disinfection 89 44.1 3 Unreported consequences of non-compliance to disinfection 63 31.2 4 Ignorance to disinfection practices 58 28.7 5 Indifferent attitude towards disinfection practices 53 26.2 6 Clinical Instructor not monitoring infection control practice 49 24.3 7 Lack of research on disinfection practice 41 20.3 8 Absence of documentary guidelines on disinfection practices 30 14.9 9 Ignorance on the part of the patients 28 13.9 10 Absence of continuous education on disinfection practices 26 12.9 11 Lack of awareness about disinfection practices 25 12.4 12 Clinical instructors not requiring students to do so 24 11.9 13 18 8.9 14 Cruz & Bashtawi, 2016; Colet, Cruz, Alotaibi, Colet & Islam, 2017; Sundal, Aune, Storvig, Aasland, Fieldsaeter & Torjuul, 2017
- 17. LAPSES on excellent or optimalinfection control practice, a PATIENT SAFETY ISSUE ATTITUDE influences PRACTICESINTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC factors contribute to noncompliance to good infection control practice Conclusions
- 18. Give constant remindersand reinforcement Model good behaviors of disinfection Cultivating a supportive environment that adheres to strict infection control practice Develop clear guidelines and policies Create awareness on good infection control practice Recommendations
- 19.