Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
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An extended lightning talk I did about ADHD: what it is, what it does to your brain, and how it feels to have it.
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
- 1. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder We call it ADHD because otherwise we’d get distracted halfway through
- 2. WHY A TALK ON ADHD?
- 3. WHY YOU?
- 8. WHAT ADHD IS
- 9. Psychiatric disorder of executive functions Specifically: attentional control and inhibitory control 6-7% of US children have ADHD 2-5% of adults have ADHD Diagnosed 2.5x more in boys than girls
- 10. WHAT DOES IT DO TO YOU?
- 12. INATTENTION • Easily distracted • Miss details • Forget things • Swap activities frequently • Become bored with tasks after mere minutes • Difficulty focusing on non-enjoyable things • Become easily confused • Daydream • Difficulty processing information quickly • Problems directing attention
- 13. HYPERACTIVITY • Fidget or squirm • Talk excessively in social situations • Trouble sitting still • Constant motion • Inability to relax • Sensation-seeking behavior • Short temper
- 14. IMPULSIVENESS • Impatience • Display emotion without restraint • Difficulty waiting for things they want • Often interrupt conversations • Act without regard for consequences • Start relationships on a whim
- 19. WHAT’S HAPPENING IN YOUR BRAIN, ART?
- 22. WHAT CAUSES IT?
- 24. Genetics determine about 75% of cases Several other disorders can cause equivalent symptoms Statistically significant environmental factors: • Premature birth • Low birth weight • “Early adversity” • Brain damage Medical conditions: • Lead toxicity • Sleep apnea • Hyperthyroidism
- 27. COMORBIDITY
- 28. Depression Anxiety Disorder Bipolar Disorder Social Phobia Oppositional Defiant Disorder
- 29. HOW DO YOU DEAL WITH IT?
- 32. Therapy Meditation Coping Mechanisms • Lists • Timers • Notes • Schedules • Fanatical attentoin to detail
Editor's Notes
- Ed Finkler Being public about it; reducing stigma Teaching and sharing techniques
- Hyperactive child on a sugar high (which doesn’t exist either)
- Carelessness or lack of caring Or Boredom
- Spastic squirrel-chasing in all directions
- Current models of ADHD suggest that it is associated with functional impairments in some of the brain's neurotransmitter systems, particularly those involving dopamine and norepinephrine. The dopamine and norepinephrine pathways that originate in the Ventral Tegmental Area and locus coeruleus project to diverse regions of the brain and govern a variety of cognitive processes. The dopamine pathways and norepinephrine pathways which project to the prefrontal cortex and striatum are directly responsible for modulating executive function (cognitive control of behavior), motivation, reward perception, and motor function; these pathways are known to play a central role in the pathophysiology of ADHD. Larger models of ADHD with additional pathways have been proposed.
- Distraction better in survival environment Hunter vs Farmer hypothesis