This is an assignment involved the calculation of structural components, load transfer to give basic understanding of structural stability.

1. BUILDING STRUCTURE (BLD60703)
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON BUNGALOW
TUTOR: MR. ADIB RAMLI
CHAI PHEY CHIAT 0334480
HO PEI SAN 0332992
LI CHUN RON 0334555

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION
2.0 ARCHITECTURAL PLANS
2.1 GROUND FLOOR PLAN
2.2 FIRST FLOOR PLAN
2.3 ROOF PLAN
3.0 STRUCTURAL BRIEF
4.0 STRUCTURAL PLANS
4.1 GROUND FLOOR STRUCTURAL PLAN
4.2 FIRST FLOOR STRUCTURAL PLAN
4.3 ROOF STRUCTURAL PLAN
5.0 LOAD DISTRIBUTION PLAN
5.1 GROUND FLOOR LOAD DISTRIBUTION PLAN
5.2 FIRST FLOOR LOAD DISTRIBUTION PLAN
6.0 COLUMN TRIBUTARY AREA DIAGRAMS
6.1 GROUND FLOOR COLUMNS TRIBUTARY AREA DIAGRAM
6.2 FIRST FLOOR COLUMNS TRIBUTARY AREA DIAGRAM
7.0 CHAI PHEY CHIAT - BEAM AND COLUMN ANALYSIS
7.1 SELECTED BEAMS AND COLUMNS
7.2 BEAM ANALYSIS
7.2.1 UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
7.2.2 POINT LOAD & UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
7.3 COLUMN ANALYSIS
7.3.1 PERIMETER COLUMN
7.3.2 INTERNAL COLUMN
8.0 LI CHUN RON - BEAM AND COLUMN ANALYSIS
8.1 SELECTED BEAMS AND COLUMNS
8.2 BEAM ANALYSIS
8.2.1 UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
8.2.2 POINT LOAD & UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
8.3 COLUMN ANALYSIS
8.3.1 PERIMETER COLUMN
8.3.2 INTERNAL COLUMN
9.0 REFERENCES

3. 1.0 INTRODUCTION
The objectives of this project are to introduce us to the basic process of structural design of
a two-storey bungalow to gain a holistic structural design experience including the basic
concepts in structural design, engineering considerations in building structure,
quantification of loads and stresses, as well as the estimation of the sizes of structural
members. Through this assignment, we will be able to apply structural theory in designing
structural elements, analyse loading conditions using simple mathematical calculation and
illustrate the manipulation of loading forces graphically.
The chosen building is a two storey bungalow located on Lot 1404, block 16 at Lorong
Hua Joo Park 8A1, Kuching Sarawak.
The architectural plans were refined and modified leaving only grid lines, dimensions, and
room labels. Then a list of drawings were produced in order to suit the requirements of the
assignment:
1. Ground Floor Structural Plan
2. First Floor Structural Plan
3. Roof Structural Plan
4. Ground Floor Load Distribution Plan
5. First Floor Load Distribution Plan
6. Roof Load Distribution Plan
7. Ground Floor Tributary Area Plan
8. First Floor Tributary Area Plan
9. Roof Tributary Area Plan
Group members were to choose 2 beams and 2 columns in order to conduct the structural
analysis and calculations:
1. One (1) beam with only uniform distributed load
2. One (1) beam with point load and uniform distributed load
3. One (1) perimeter column (from roof to ground level)
4. One (1) internal column (from roof to ground floor)
It is to produce load diagrams, shear forces diagram and bending moment diagram to
clearly illustrates the loads and forces acting on the structure. Also, the column, and the
ultimate load for the column is analysed.

4. 2.0 ARCHITECTURAL PLANS
2.1 GROUND FLOOR PLAN
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
SCALE 1:150

5. 2.0 ARCHITECTURAL PLANS
2.2 FIRST FLOOR PLAN
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
SCALE 1:150

6. 2.0 ARCHITECTURAL PLANS
2.3 ROOF PLAN
ROOF PLAN
SCALE 1:150

7. 3.0 STRUCTURAL BRIEF
Structure Dimension
Type 1 Column 0.3m X 0.3m X 0.3m (Length X Width X Height)
Type 2 Column 0.15m X 0.4m X 0.3m (Length X Width X Height)
Beam 0.15m X 0.3m (Width X Depth)
Slab 0.15m (Thickness)
Wall 0.15m X 3.0m (Thickness X Height)
Dimension of the Structure
Standard Weight of Material (Refer to UBBL Fourth Schedule)
Material Standard Weight (kN/m³)
Reinforced Concrete 24
Brickwork 19
Structure Self-Weight
Structure Calculation Self-Weight
Type 1 Column 0.3m X 0.3m X 3.0m X 24 kN/m³ 6.5 kN
Type 2 Column 0.15m X 0.4m X 3.0m X 24 kN/m³ 4.32 kN
Beam 0.15m X 0.3m X 24 kN/m³ 1.08 kN/m
Slab 0.15m X 24 kN/m³ 3.6 kN/m²
Brick Wall 0.15m X 3.0m X 19 kN/m³ 8.55 kN/m
Roof - 1.0 kN/m²

8. 4.0 STRUCTURAL PLANS
4.1 GROUND FLOOR STRUCTURAL PLAN
GROUND FLOOR STRUCTURAL PLAN
SCALE 1:150

9. 4.0 STRUCTURAL PLANS
4.2 FIRST FLOOR STRUCTURAL PLAN
FIRST FLOOR STRUCTURAL PLAN
SCALE 1:150

10. 4.0 STRUCTURAL PLANS
4.3 ROOF STRUCTURAL PLAN
ROOF STRUCTURAL PLAN
SCALE 1:150

11. 5.0 LOAD DISTRIBUTION PLANS
5.1 GROUND FLOOR LOAD DISTRIBUTION PLAN
GROUND FLOOR LOAD DISTRIBUTION PLAN
SCALE 1:150

12. 5.0 LOAD DISTRIBUTION PLANS
5.2 FIRST FLOOR LOAD DISTRIBUTION PLAN
FIRST FLOOR LOAD DISTRIBUTION PLAN
SCALE 1:150

13. 5.0 LOAD DISTRIBUTION PLANS
5.3 ROOF LOAD DISTRIBUTION PLAN
ROOF LOAD DISTRIBUTION PLAN
SCALE 1:150

14. 6.0 TRIBUTARY AREA PLANS
6.1 GROUND FLOOR TRIBUTARY AREA PLAN
GROUND FLOOR TRIBUTARY AREA PLAN
SCALE 1:150

15. 6.0 TRIBUTARY AREA PLANS
6.2 FIRST FLOOR TRIBUTARY AREA PLAN
FIRST FLOOR TRIBUTARY AREA PLAN
SCALE 1:150

16. 6.0 TRIBUTARY AREA PLANS
6.3 ROOF TRIBUTARY AREA PLAN
ROOF TRIBUTARY AREA PLAN
SCALE 1:150

17. 7.0 CHAI PHEY CHIAT
BEAM AND COLUMN ANALYSIS
7.1 SELECTED BEAMS AND COLUMNS
7.2 BEAM ANALYSIS
7.2.1 UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
7.2.2 POINT LOAD & UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
7.3 COLUMN ANALYSIS
7.3.1 PERIMETER COLUMN
7.3.2 INTERIOR COLUMN

18. 7.0 CHAI PHEY CHIAT - BEAM AND COLUMN ANALYSIS
7.1 SELECTED BEAMS AND COLUMNS
Point Load & Uniform Distributed Load
Beam E/1-2
Uniform Distributed Load
Beam 1b/E-D
Perimeter Column
Column E1
Interior Column
Column E2

19. 7.2 BEAM ANALYSIS
7.2.1 UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
Ground Floor Beam 1b/E-D
Ground Floor Beam 1b/E-D carries:
● Dead Load from Beam Self Weight: Gridline E-D
● Dead Load from Brick Wall Weight: Gridline E-D
● Dead Load from Slab:
i) Gridline E-D/1-2
ii) Gridline E-D/1b-2
● Live Load from Slab:
i) Gridline E-D/1-2
ii) Gridline E-D/1b-2
Ground Floor Structural Plan Ground Floor Load Distribution Plan

20. 7.2.1 UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
Ground Floor Beam 1b/E-D
Beam Self-Weight
= 0.15m X 0.3m X 24kN/m³
= 1.08 kN/m
Dead Load
Brick Wall Weight
= 0.15m X 3m X 19kN/m³
= 8.55 kN/m
Slab E-D/1-1b
= (0.15m X 24kN/m³) X (1.625 / 2)
= 2.925 kN/m
Slab E-D/1b-2
= (0.15m X 24kN/m³) X (1.525m / 2)
= 2.745 kN/m
Total Dead Load
= (1.08 + 8.55 + 2.925 + 2.745) kN/m
= 15.25 kN/m

21. 7.2.1 UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
Ground Floor Beam 1b/E-D
Slab E-D/1-1b
= 1.5kN/m² X (1.625m / 2)
= 1.2188 kN/m
Live Load
Slab E-D/1b-2
= 1.5kN/m² X (1.525 / 2)
= 1.1438 kN/m
Total Live Load
= (1.2188 + 1.1438) kN/m
= 2.3626 kN/m
Ultimate Dead Load
= 15.25 kN/m X 1.4
= 21.35 kN/m
Ultimate Load
Ultimate Live Load
= 2.3626 kN/m X 1.6
= 3.78 kN/m
Total Ultimate Load
= (21.35 + 3.78) kN/m
= 25.13 kN/m

22. 7.2.1 UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
Ground Floor Beam 1b/E-D
25.13kN/m X 3m
= 75.39 kN
Resultant Force
∑M = 0
= (Ra X 3) + [ -75.39 X (3/2) ]
= 3Ra - 113.09
3Ra = 113.09
Ra = 37.7 kN
37.7kN - 75.39kN
= -37.7kN
Shear Force Diagram
Positive Area
37.7kN X 1.5m X ½
= 28.28 kNm
Reaction Force
∑Fy = 0
= Rb + 37.7 + 75.39
Rb = 37.7 kN
37.7kN + (-37.7kN)
= 0 kN
Bending Moment Diagram
Negative Area
37.7kN X 1.5m X ½
= 28.28 kNm
Positive Area = Negative Area

23. 7.2 BEAM ANALYSIS
7.2.2 POINT LOAD & UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
Ground Floor Beam E/1-2
Ground Floor Beam E/1-2 carries:
● Dead Load from Beam Self Weight: Gridline 1-2
● Dead Load from Brick Wall Weight: Gridline 1-2
● Dead Load from Slab:
i) Gridline F-E/1-2
ii) Gridline E-D/1-1b
iii) Gridline E-D/1b-2
● Live Load from Slab:
i) Gridline F-E/1-2
ii) Gridline E-D/1-1b
iii) Gridline E-D/1b-2
● Point Load at Point E/1b from Beam 1b/E-D
Ground Floor Structural Plan Ground Floor Load Distribution Plan

24. 7.2.2 POINT LOAD & UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
Ground Floor Beam E/1-2
Beam Self-Weight
= 0.15m X 0.3m X 24kN/m³
= 1.08 kN/m
Dead Load
Brick Wall Weight
= 0.15m X 3m X 19kN/m³
= 8.55 kN/m
Slab F-E/1-2
= (0.15m X 24kN/m³) X (3.15m / 2) X 2/3
= 3.78 kN/m
Slab E-D/1-1b
= (0.15m X 24kN/m³) X (1.625m / 2) X 2/3
= 1.95 kN/m
Total Dead Load for 1-1b
= (1.08 + 8.55 + 3.78 + 1.95) kN/m
= 15.36 kN/m
Slab E-D/1b-2
= (0.15m X 24kN/m³) X (1.525m / 2) X 2/3
= 1.83 kN/m
Total Dead Load for 1b-2
= (1.08 + 8.55 + 3.78 + 1.83) kN/m
= 15.24 kN/m

25. 7.2.2 POINT LOAD & UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
Ground Floor Beam E/1-2
Slab E-D/1-1b
= 1.5kN/m² X (1.625m / 2) X 2/3
= 0.8125 kN/m
Live Load
Slab E-D/1b-2
= 1.5kN/m² X (1.525 / 2) X 2/3
= 0.7625 kN/m
Ultimate Load for 1-1b
= (15.36kN/m X 1.4) + (2.3875kN/m X 1.6)
= 25.32 kN/m
Ultimate Load
Ultimate Load for 1b-2
= (15.24kN/m X 1.4) + (2.3375kN/m X 1.6)
= 25.08 kN/m
Slab F-E/1-2
= 1.5kN/m² X (3.15m / 2) X 2/3
= 1.575 kN/m
Total Live Load for 1-1b
= (1.575 + 0.8125) kN/m
= 2.3875 kN/m
Total Live Load for 1b-2
= (1.575 + 0.7625) kN/m
= 2.3375 kN/m
Point Load from Beam 1b/E-D
= 37.7 kN

26. 7.2.2 POINT LOAD & UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
Ground Floor Beam E/1-2
Point Load at Point 1b
= 37.7 kN
Resultant Force
∑M = 0
= (Ra X 3.15) + (-41.145 X 2.34)
+ (-37.7 X 1.525)
+ (-38.247 X 0.7625)
= 3.15Ra - 96.28 - 57.49 - 29.16
= 3.15Ra - 182.93
Ra = 58.07 kN
58.07kN - 41.145kN
= 16.925 kN
Shear Force Diagram
Positive Area
(58.07 + 16.925) kN X 1.625m X ½
= 74.98kN X 1.625m X ½
= 60.9 kNm
Reaction Force
∑Fy = 0
= 58.07 + Rb + (-41.15)
+ (-37.7) + (-38.25)
= Rb - 59.03
Rb = 59.03 kN
16.925kN - 37.7kN
= -20.775 kN
Bending Moment Diagram
Negative Area
(20.775 + 59.03)kN X 1.525m X ½
= 79.81kN X 1.525m X ½
= 60.9 kNm
Positive Area - Negative Area
= 60.9 kNm - 60.9 kNm
= 0 kNm
-20.775kN - 38.247 kN
= -59.03 kN
-59.03kN + 59.03 kN
= 0 kN
Positive Area = Negative Area

27. 7.3 COLUMN ANALYSIS
7.3.1 PERIMETER COLUMN
Column E/1
No Column at position E/1
Roof Level
Dead Load
First Floor Level
Roof Weight
= (3.95m X 1.575m) X 1.0kN/m²
= 6.22 kN
Roof Beam
= (3.95m + 1.575m) X 1.08kN/m
= 5.967kN
Total Dead Load
= 6.22kN + 5.967kN
= 12.19 kN
Live Load
Roof Weight
= (3.95m X 1.575m) X 0.5kN/m²
= 3.11 kN

28. 7.3.1 PERIMETER COLUMN
Column E/1
Dead Load
Ground Floor Level
Concrete Slab
= (3.95m X 1.575m) X 3.6kN/m²
= 22.4 kN
Beam Self Weight
= (3.95m + 1.575m) X 1.08kN/m
= 5.967kN
Brick Wall
= (1.5m + 1.575m) X 8.55kN/m
= 26.29 kN
Live Load
Concrete Slab
= (3.95m X 1.575m) X 1.5kN/m²
= 9.33 kN
Column Self Weight
= (0.3m X 0.3m X 3m) X 24kN/m³
= 6.48 kN
Total Dead Load
= (22.4 + 5.967 + 26.29 + 6.48) kN
= 61.14 kN
Ultimate Load
Total Dead Load
= 12.19kN + 61.15kN
= 73.33 kN
Total Live Load
= 3.11kN + 9.33kN
= 12.44 kN
Ultimate Dead Load
= 73.33kN X 1.4
= 102.7 kN
Total Live Load
= 12.44kN X 1.6
= 19.9 kN
Total Ultimate Load
= 102.7kN + 19.9kN
= 122.6 kN

29. 7.3.2 INTERIOR COLUMN
Column E/2
Roof Level
First Floor Level
Dead Load
Roof Weight
= (1.95m X 1.5m) X 1.0kN/m²
= 2.925 kN
Roof Beam
= (1.95m + 1.5m) X 1.08kN/m
= 3.726 kN
Total Dead Load
= 2.925kN + 3.726kN
= 6.65 kN
Live Load
Roof Weight
= (1.95m X 1.5m) X 0.5kN/m²
= 1.4625 kN
Dead Load
Concrete Slab
= (1.95m X 1.5m) X 3.6kN/m²
= 10.53 kN
Beam Self Weight
= (3.95m + 3.525m) X 1.08kN/m
= 8.073 kN
Brick Wall
= (1.95m + 1.5m) X 8.55kN/m
= 29.5 kN
Column Self Weight
= (0.15m X 0.4m X 3m) X 24kN/m³
= 4.32 kN
Roof Weight
= (1.575m X 1.5m + 2.45m X 3.525) kN
X 1.0kN/m²
= 11.0 kN
Total Dead Load
= (10.53 + 11.0 + 8.073 + 29.5 + 4.32) kN
= 63.42 kN

30. 7.3.2 INTERIOR COLUMN
Column E/2
First Floor Level
Live Load
Concrete Slab
= (1.95m X 1.5m) X 1.5kN/m²
= 4.39 kN
Roof Weight
= (1.575m X 1.5m + 2.45m X 3.525m)
X 0.5kN/m
= 5.5 kN
Total Live Load
= 4.39kN + 5.5kN
= 9.89 kN
Ground Floor Level
Dead Load
Concrete Slab
= (3.95 X 1.575 + 1.5 X 1.95)m²
X 3.6kN/m²
= 32.93 kN
Beam Self Weight
= (3.95m + 3.525m) X 1.08kN/m
= 8.073 kN
Brick Wall
= (3.525m + 1.5m + 0.5m) X 8.55kN/m
= 47.24 kN
Column Self Weight
= (0.15m X 0.4m X 3m) X 24kN/m³
= 4.32 kN
Total Dead Load
= (32.93 + 8.073 + 47.24 + 4.32) kN
= 92.56 kN

31. 7.3.2 INTERIOR COLUMN
Column E/2
Ground Floor Level
Live Load
Concrete Slab
= (3.95 X 1.575 + 1.5 X 1.95)m²
X 1.5kN/m²
= 13.72 kN
Total Live Load
= 13.72 kN
Ultimate Load
Total Dead Load
= 6.65kN + 63.42kN + 92.56kN
= 162.63 kN
Total Live Load
= 1.4625kN + 9.89kN + 13.72kN
= 25.07 kN
Ultimate Dead Load
= 162.63kN X 1.4
= 227.68 kN
Total Live Load
= 25.07kN X 1.6
= 40.11 kN
Total Ultimate Load
= 227.68kN + 40.11kN
= 267.79 kN

32. 8.0 LI CHUN RON
BEAM AND COLUMN ANALYSIS
8.1 SELECTED BEAMS AND COLUMNS
8.2 BEAM ANALYSIS
8.2.1 UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
8.2.2 POINT LOAD & UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
8.3 COLUMN ANALYSIS
8.3.1 PERIMETER COLUMN
8.3.2 INTERIOR COLUMN

33. 8.0 LI CHUN RON - BEAM AND COLUMN ANALYSIS
8.1 SELECTED BEAMS AND COLUMNS
Point Load & Uniform Distributed Load
Beam D/2-3
Uniform Distributed Load
Beam 2B/E-D
Perimeter Column
Column E3
Interior Column
Column D3

34. 8.2 BEAM ANALYSIS
8.2.1 UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
First Floor Beam 2B/E-D
First Floor Beam 2B/E-D carries:
● Dead Load from Beam Self Weight: Gridline E-D
● Dead Load from Brick Wall Weight: Gridline E-D
● Dead Load from Slab:
i) Gridline E-D/2-2B
ii) Gridline E-D/2B-3
● Live Load from Slab:
i) Gridline E-D/2-2B
ii) Gridline E-D/2B-3
First Floor Structural Plan First Floor Load Distribution Plan

35. 8.2.1 UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
First Floor Beam 2B/D-E
Beam Self-Weight
= 0.15m X 0.3m X 24kN/m³
= 1.08 kN/m
Dead Load
Brick Wall Weight
= 0.15m X 3m X 19kN/m³
= 8.55 kN/m
Slab E-D / 2-2B
= (0.15m X 24kN/m³) X (2.300m / 2)
= 4.14 kN/m
Slab E-D / 2B-3
= (0.15m X 24kN/m³) X (1.870m / 2)
= 3.366 kN/m
Total Dead Load
= (1.08 + 8.55 + 4.14 + 3.366) kN/m
= 17.136 kN/m

36. 8.2.1 UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
First Floor Beam 2B/D-E
Slab D-E/2-2B
= 1.5kN/m² X (2.300m / 2)
= 1.725 kN/m
Live Load
Slab D-E/2B-3
= 1.5kN/m² X (1.870m / 2)
= 1.403 kN/m
Total Live Load
= (1.725 + 1.403kN/m)
= 3.128 kN/m
Ultimate Dead Load
= 17.136 kN/m X 1.4
= 23.9904 kN/m
Ultimate Load
Ultimate Live Load
= 3.128 kN/m X 1.6
= 5.0048 kN/m
Total Ultimate Load
= (23.9904kN/m + 5.0048kN/m)
= 28.9952 kN/m

37. 8.2.1 UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
First FLoor Beam D-E / 2B
(Ra x 3.000) - (28.9952 x 3.000) x (3.000 ÷ 2)
3.000Ra = 130.478
Ra = 43.49 kN
43.49 kN - 86.9856 kN
= -43.49 kN
Shear Force Diagram
Positive Area
43.39 kN X 1.5m X ½
= 32.54 kNm
Reaction Force
43.49 kN + (-43.49 kN)
= 0 kN
Bending Moment Diagram
Negative Area
43.39 kN X 1.5m X ½
= 32.54 kNm
Positive Area = Negative Area
43.49 - (28.9952 x 3.00) Rb = 0
Rb = 43.49 kN
Resultant Force
28.9952 kN/m x3m
=86.9856 kN
0 kN
( + )
( - )
Ra = 43.49 kN
43.49 kN + (-43.49 kN)
= 0 kN
43.49 kN - 86.9856 kN
= -43.49 kN
0 kN 0 kN
32.52 kNm

38. First Floor Structural Plan First Floor Load Distribution Plan
8.2 BEAM ANALYSIS
8.2.2 POINT LOAD & UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
First Floor Beam D/2-3
First Floor Beam D/2-3 carries:
● Dead Load from Beam Self Weight: Gridline 2-3
● Dead Load from Brick Wall Weight: Gridline 2-3
● Dead Load from Slab:
i) Gridline E-D / 2-2B
ii) Gridline E-D / 2B-3
iii) Gridline D-C / 1C-3
● Live Load from Slab:
i) Gridline E-D / 2-2B
ii) Gridline E-D / 2B-3
iii) Gridline D-C / 1C-3
● Point Load at D / 2B from Beam 2B / E-D

39. 8.2.2 POINT LOAD & UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
First Floor Beam D / 2-3
Beam Self-Weight
= 0.15m X 0.3m X 24kN/m³
= 1.08 kN/m
Dead Load
Brick Wall Weight
= 0.15m X 3m X 19kN/m³
= 8.55 kN/m
Slab D-C / 1C-3
= (0.15m X 24kN/m³) X (5.1m / 2) X 2/3
= 6.12 kN/m
Slab E-D / 2-2B
= (0.15m X 24kN/m³) X (2.030m / 2) X 2/3
= 2.436 kN/m
Total Dead Load for 2-2B
= (1.08 + 8.55 + 6.12 + 2.436) kN/m
= 18.186 kN/m
Slab E-D / 2B-3
= (0.15m X 24kN/m³) X (1.870m / 2) X 2/3
= 2.244 kN/m
Total Dead Load for 2B-3
= (1.08 + 8.55 + 6.12 + 2.244) kN/m
= 17.994 kN/m

40. 8.2.2 POINT LOAD & UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
First Floor Beam D / 2-3
Slab E-D / 2-2B
= 1.5kN/m² X (1.625m / 2) X 2/3
= 0.8125 kN/m
Live Load
Slab E-D / 2B-3
= 1.5kN/m² X (1.525 / 2) X 2/3
= 0.7625 kN/m
Ultimate Load for 2-2B
= (18.186kN/m X 1.4) + (3.3625kN/m X 1.6)
= 30.8404kN/m
Ultimate Load
Ultimate Load for 2B-3
= (17.994kN/m X 1.4) + (3.3125kN/m X 1.6)
= 30.4916kN/m
Slab D-C / 1C-3
= 1.5kN/m² X (5.1m / 2) X 2/3
= 2.55 kN/m
Total Live Load for 2-2B
= (2.55 + 0.8125) kN/m
= 3.3625 kN/m
Total Live Load for 2B-3
= (2.55 + 0.7625) kN/m
=3.3125 kN/m
Point Load from Beam 2B / E-D
= 43.49 kN

41. 8.2.2 POINT LOAD & UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD
Ground Floor Beam D / 2-3
Point Load at Point 2B / E-D
= 43.39 kN
Resultant Force
∑M = 0
= (Ra X 3.9) + (-62.606 X 2.9)
+ (-43.49 X 1.95)
+ (-57.019 X 0.935)
= 3.9Ra - 181.6 - 84.8 - 53.3
= 3.9Ra - 318.7
Ra = 81.72 kN
81.72kN - 62.6kN
= 19.12 kN
Shear Force Diagram
Positive Area
(81.72 + 19.12) kN X 2.030m X ½
= 100.84kN X 2.030m X ½
= 102.4 kNm
Reaction Force
∑Fy = 0
= 81.72 + Rb + (-62.6)
+ (-43.49) + (-57.02)
= Rb - 81.39
Rb = 81.39kN
19.12kN - 43.49kN
= -24.37 kN
Bending Moment Diagram
Negative Area
(24.37 + 81.39)kN X 1.870m X ½
=105.8kN X 1.870m X ½
= 98.9 kNm
Positive Area - Negative Area
= 102.4 kNm - 98.9 kNm
= 3.5 kNm = 0
-24.37kN - 57.02kN
= -81.39 kN
-81.39kN + 81.39kN
= 0 kN
Positive Area = Negative Area
( + )
( - )
Ra = 81.72 kN
19.12kN - 43.49kN
= -24.37 kN
0 kN
0 kN
102.4 kNm
0 kN
0 kN
Rb = 81.39 kN
81.72kN - 62.6kN
= 19.12 kN

42. 8.3 COLUMN ANALYSIS
8.3.1 PERIMETER COLUMN
Column E / 3
Dead Load
Beam :
(3.0 + 1.95 + 1.95 + 2.55) x 0.15 x 0.45 x 24
= 15.3kN
Roof :
3.0 x (1.95 + 2.55) x 1.0kN/m2
=13.5kN
Total Dead load = 28.8kN
Live Load
Slab:
(1.95 + 2.55) x 3 x 0.5kN/m2
=6.75kN
Ultimate Load:
=(1.4 x 28.8) + (1.6 x 6.75)
= 40.32 + 10.8
= 51.12kN
Roof Level
Dead Load
Beam :
24kN/m2 x 0.15 x 0.45 x (5.1 + 1.9 + 1.8)
=14.28kN
Slab :
24kN/m2 x 0.15 x 5.1 x 3.7
=67.9kN
Brick Wall:
19kN/m2 x 0.15 x 3m x (5.1 + 1.9 + 1.8)
=74.8
Total Dead load = 67.9 + 14.26 + 74.8
=156.96kN
Live Load
Slab:
1.5kN/m2 x 0.15 x 5.1 x 3.7
=4.24kN
Ultimate Load:
(1.4 x 156.96kN) + (1.6 x 4.24kN)
= 219.7 + 6.8
= 226.5kN
First Floor Level

43. 8.3.1 PERIMETER COLUMN
Column E / 3
Ground Floor Level
Ultimate Load
Total Dead Load
= 96.56kN + 28.8kN + 156.9kN
= 282.26 kN
Total Live Load
= 14.175kN + 4.24kN + 6.75kN
= 25.165kN
Ultimate Dead Load
= 282.26kN X 1.4
= 395.164 kN
Total Live Load
= 25.165kN X 1.6
= 40.264 kN
Total Ultimate Load
= 395.164kN + 40.264kN
= 435.428 kN
Dead Load
Beam :
(1.95 + 1.2 + 3.0) x 0.15 x 0.45 x 24
=9.96kN
Slab :
(1.95 + 1.2) x 3.0 x 0.15 x 24
=34.02kN
Brick Wall:
(1.95 + 1.2 + 3.0) x 0.15 x 19 x 3
=52.58kN
Total Dead load = 96.56kN
Live Load
Slab:
(1.95 + 1.2) x 3.0 x 1.5
=14.175kN
Ultimate Load:
(1.4 x 96.56kN) + (1.6 x 14.175kN)
=135.18 + 22.68
=157.86kN

44. 8.3.2 INTERIOR COLUMN
Column D / 3
Roof Level
Dead Load
Beam :
24kN2 x 0.15 x 0.45 x (3.0 + 4.5)
=12.15kN
Roof :
1.0kN/m2 x 3.0 x 4.5
=13.5kN
Total Dead load = 13.5kN + 12.15kN
=25.65kN
Live Load
Roof:
0.5kN/m2 x 4.5 x 3.0
=6.75kN
Ultimate Load:
=(1.4 x 25.65) + (1.6 x 6.75)
= 35.91 + 10.8
=46.71kN
Dead Load
Beam :
24kN2 x 0.15 x 0.45 x (3.0 + 3.9 + 1.2)
=9.72kN
Slab :
24kN/m2 x 0.15m x 3.9 x 1.2
=16.8kN
Brick Wall:
19kN/m2 x 0.15m x 3m x (1.95 + 1.2 +1.95
+3.0)
=16.65kN
Total Dead load = 16.8 + 9.72 + 16.65
=43.17
Live Load
Slab:
1.5kN/m2 x 0.15m x 5.1 x 3.0
=3.44kN
Ultimate Load:
=(1.4 x 43.17) + (1.6 x 3.44)
=60.4 + 5.5
=65.9kN
First Floor Level

45. 8.3.2 INTERIOR COLUMN
Column D / 3
Ground Floor Level
Ultimate Load
Total Dead Load
= 25.65kN + 43.17kN + 137.5kN
= 206.32 kN
Total Live Load
= 3.44kN + 3.44kN + 6.75kN
= 13.63 kN
Ultimate Dead Load
= 206.32kN X 1.4
= 288.85 kN
Total Live Load
= 13.63kN X 1.6
= 21.80 kN
Total Ultimate Load
= 288.85kN + 21.80kN
= 310.65 kN
Dead Load
Beam :
24kN2 x 0.15 x 0.45 x (3.0 + 3.9 + 1.2)
=9.72kN
Slab :
24kN/m2 x 0.15m x 5.1 x 3.0
=55.08kN
Brick Wall:
19kN/m2 x 0.15m x 3m x (3.0 + 3.9 + 1.2)
=69.3kN
Total Dead load = 55.08 + 13.12 + 69.3
=137.5kN
Live Load
Slab:
1.5kN/m2 x 0.15m x 5.1 x 3.0
=3.44kN
Ultimate Load:
=(1.4 x 137.5) + (1.6 x 3.44)
=192.5 + 5.5
=198kN

46. 9.0 REFERENCES
Malaysia.; International Law Book Services. Legal Research Board, Uniform Building By
Law 1984. Kuala Lumpur : International Law Book Services, 2013.