The document appears to be a structural analysis report for a bungalow project. It includes floor plans, structural plans showing beams and columns, and analysis reports from three group members analyzing various beams and columns. The analyses determine the dead and live loads, calculate the ultimate loads, draw free body diagrams to determine reaction forces, and provide shear force and bending moment diagrams.
Explains in detail about the planning and designing of a G + 2 school building both manually and using software (STAAD Pro).
With the reference with this we could design a building of a school with 2 blocks and G + 2 building.
Structural Analysis of a Bungalow Reportdouglasloon
Taylor's University Lakeside Campus
School of Architecture, Building & Design
Bachelor of Science (Hons) in Architecture
Building Structures (ARC 2523 / BLD 60103)
Project 2: Structural Analysis of a Bungalow
Explains in detail about the planning and designing of a G + 2 school building both manually and using software (STAAD Pro).
With the reference with this we could design a building of a school with 2 blocks and G + 2 building.
Structural Analysis of a Bungalow Reportdouglasloon
Taylor's University Lakeside Campus
School of Architecture, Building & Design
Bachelor of Science (Hons) in Architecture
Building Structures (ARC 2523 / BLD 60103)
Project 2: Structural Analysis of a Bungalow
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EARTH-QUAKE RESISTANT FOR MULTI-STORIED BUILDING ON A ...Ijripublishers Ijri
his project named as “DESIGN OF EARTH-QUAKE RESISTANT MULTI-STORIED RCC BUILDING ON A SLOPING
GROUND” involves the analysis of simple 2-D frames of varying floor heights and varying no of bays using a very popular
software tool STAAD Pro. Using the analysis results various graphs were drawn between the maximum axial force,
maximum shear force, maximum bending moment, maximum tensile force and maximum compressive stress being
developed for the frames on plane ground and sloping ground. The graphs used to drawn comparison between the two
cases and the detailed study of “SHORT COLOUMN EFFECT” failure was carried up. In addition to that the detailed
study of seismology was undertaken and the feasibility of the software tool to be used was also checked. Till date many
such projects have been undertaken on this very topic but the analysis were generally done for the static loads i.e. dead
load, live load etc, but to this the earthquake analysis or seismic analysis is to be incorporated. To create a technical
knowhow, two similar categories of structures were analyzed, first on plane ground and another on a sloping ground.
Then the results were compared. At last the a structure would be analyzed and designed on sloping ground for all possible
load combinations pertaining to IS 456, IS 1893 and IS 13920 manually.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
1. Building Structures (ARC 2522/2523)
Project 2: Structural Analysis of a Bungalow
Group Member:
Tan Wen Hao (0319923)
Ong Min Junn (0317767)
Ong Jia Hui (0317752)
Tutor:
Ms Norita
2. Building Structure 2 Project 2
Table of Content
1. Brief description of bungalow 3
2. Floor plans
Foundation plan 4
Ground floor plan 5
First floor plan 6
Roof plan 7
3. Structural plans (beam and column diagram)
Ground floor structural plan 8
First floor structural plan 10
Roof structural plan 12
4. Design brief 14
5. Beam analysis report
By Tan Wen Hao (0319923) 15
By Ong Min Junn (0317767) 20
By Ong Jia Hui (0317752) 23
6. Column analysis report
By Tan Wen Hao (0319923) 15
By Ong Min Junn (0317767) 20
By Ong Jia Hui (0317752) 23
3. Building Structure 3 Project 2
1. Brief description of bungalow
The bungalow is designed to have a mixture a two different build up
areas for different floors and thus has led to a more complicated design.
In this bungalow, it has a total floor area of approximately 520 square
meters that spans up to two floors. The bungalow is suitable to house a
large family with a few guests as the each space and room are quite large
and spacious. There are a total of 4 bedrooms; 1 master bedroom, 2 single
bedrooms and 1 guest room. As to accommodate a large crowd, the living
and dining areas are suitable to house 10 people comfortably each time
while having two kitchens; a dry kitchen and a wet kitchen for ease of
usage and cooking. There is an additional television room which can be
used as a mini theatre or a game room for the family, providing a
comfortable area for relaxing activities. Miscellaneous spaces include 1
storeroom, 4 washrooms and a porch to welcome people.
8. Building Structure 8 Project 2
3. Structural plans
Beam analysis by
Ong Jia Hui
Beam analysis by
Ong Min Junn
Beam analysis by
Tan Wen Hao
Ground floor beams analysis diagram
9. Building Structure 9 Project 2
Column analysis by
Ong Jia Hui
Column analysis by
Ong Min Junn
Column analysis by
Tan Wen Hao
Ground floor columns analysis diagram
10. Building Structure 10 Project 2
Beam analysis by
Ong Jia Hui
Beam analysis by
Ong Min Junn
First floor beams analysis diagram
11. Building Structure 11 Project 2
First floor columns analysis diagram
Column analysis by
Ong Jia Hui
Column analysis by
Ong Min Junn
Column analysis by
Tan Wen Hao
13. Building Structure 13 Project 2
Roof columns analysis diagram
Column analysis by
Ong Jia Hui
Column analysis by
Ong Min Junn
Column analysis by
Tan Wen Hao
14. Building Structure 14 Project 2
4. Design brief
The bungalow consists of different sizes of beams to create a variety in
design while it helps to save construction and material costs. As such,
smaller beams are only needed for areas with lightweight and short span
while thicker beams are used for main beams that span longer and
support the sub beams. Within this bungalow, there are four types of RC
beams used:
200mm X 600mm (Main beam type 1)
200mm X 500mm (Main beam type 2)
200mm X 400mm (Sub beam type 1)
200mm X 300mm (Sub beam type 2)
However for the RC columns, a standard size is only required as the
building rises 2 storeys and acts as a residential building. Hence, larger
columns are not required to save material cost. The dimension of the
standard column size is as stated:
300mm X 400mm (cross-section)
Height of ground floor and second floor is 3m from ground to ceiling
with each RC slab having a thickness of 150mm. As for the walls, bricks
are used to construct the walls. Thus, the walls are 150mm thick due the
thickness of the bricks.
16. Building Structure 16 Project 2
UDL Dead load analysis (Beam F-H/6)
Beam Self Weight
= beam size (Sub beam type 1)
X concrete density
= (0.4m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3
= 1.92kN/m
Brick wall Weight
=height X thickness X brick density
=3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Dead load of F-H/4-6
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
(two-way trapezoidal)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3.8m/2)
= 6.84kN/m
Dead load of F-H/6-7
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (one-way)
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (2.2m/2)
= 3.96kN/m
Total dead load
For F-G = 21.27kN/m
Live load analysis (Beam F-H/6)
For F-H :
(Left slab)
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (two-way trapezoidal)
= 1.5 kN/m2
X (3.8m/2)
=2.85 kN/m
(right slab)
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (one-way)
= 1.5 kN/m2
X (2.2m/2)
= 1.65 kN/m
Total live load = 4.5 kN/m2
17. Building Structure 17 Project 2
The Ultimate Load
Ultimate dead load at F-H = 21.27kN/m X 1.4 = 29.778kN/m
Ultimate live load at F-H = 4.5kN/m X 1.6 = 8.8kN/m
Ultimate load on F-H = 38.578kN/m
Reaction forces
Transforming ultimate load into point load
F-H = 38.578kN/m X 5.7m = 219.895kN
Free body diagram
Calculating reaction forces
∑MB = (Ra X 5.7) – (219.895 X 2.85)
0 = 5.7 Ra – 626.7
5.7Ra = 626.7
Ra = 109.95 kN
∑Fy =0
Ra + Rb – 219.89 = 0
Rb + 109.95 – 219.89= 0
Rb = 109.95kN
Shear force diagram and Bending Moment Diagram
18. Building Structure 18 Project 2
UDL Dead load analysis (Beam 5-7/E)
Beam Self Weight
= beam size (Main beam type 2)
X concrete density
= (0.5m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3
= 2.4kN/m
Brick wall Weight
=0
Dead load of B-E/5-7
= [Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)] 2/3
(two-way triangular)
= [0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4.7m/2)] 2/3
= 5.64kN/m
Dead load of E-F/4-7
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (one-way)
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3m/2)
= 5.4kN/m
Total dead load
For 5-7 = 21.99kN/m
Live load analysis (Beam 5-7/E)
For 5-7 :
(Left slab)
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (two-way triangular)
= 1.5 kN/m2
X (4.7m/2)
=3.525 kN/m
(Right slab)
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (one-way)
= 1.5 kN/m2
X (3m/2)
= 2.25 kN/m
Total live load = 5.775 kN/m2
19. Building Structure 19 Project 2
The Ultimate Load
Ultimate dead load at F-H = 21.99kN/m X 1.4 = 30.786kN/m
Ultimate live load at F-H = 5.775kN/m X 1.6 = 9.24kN/m
Ultimate load on F-H = 40.026kN/m
Reaction forces
Transforming ultimate load into point load
F-H = 40.026kN/m X 4.7m = 188.122kN
Free body diagram
Calculating reaction forces
∑MB = (Ra X 4.7) – (188.122 X 2.35)
0 = 4.7 Ra – 442.087
4.7Ra = 442.087
Ra = 94.06 kN
∑Fy =0
Ra + Rb –188.122 = 0
Rb + 94.06 – 188.122= 0
Rb = 94.06kN
Shear force diagram and Bending Moment Diagram
20. Building Structure 20 Project 2
UDL Dead load analysis (Beam 4-7/F)
Beam Self Weight
= beam size (Main beam type 2)
X concrete density
= (0.5m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3
= 2.4kN/m
Brick wall Weight
= height X thickness X brick density
= 3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Dead load of E-F/4-7
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (one-way)
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3m/2)
= 5.4kN/m
Dead load of F-H/4-6
= [Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)] 2/3
(two-way triangular)
= [0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3.8m/2)] 2/3
= 4.56kN/m
Dead load of F-H/6-7
= 0 (One way slab distributed to Ly)
Total dead load for each sector
For 4-5 = 20.91kN/m
For 5-6: (i) 12.36kN/m
(ii) 20.91kN/m
For 6-7 = 7.8kN
Live load analysis (Beam 4-7/F)
For 4-5
= Left slab + right slab
= 1.5 kN/m2
X (3m/2) (one-way) + [1.5kN/m2
X (3.8/2)] 2/3 (two-way
triangular)
= 2.25 + 1.9 = 4.15kN/m
For 5-6
= Left slab + right slab
21. Building Structure 21 Project 2
= 1.5 kN/m2
X (3m/2) (one-way) + [1.5kN/m2
X (3.8/2)] 2/3 (two-way
triangular)
= 2.25 + 1.9 = 4.15kN/m
For 6-7
= Left slab + right slab
=1.5 kN/m2
X (3m/2) (one-way) + 0
= 2.25kN/ml
The Ultimate Load
Ultimate dead load at 4-5 = 20.91kN/m X 1.4 = 29.274kN/m
Ultimate dead load at 5-6 = (i) 12.36kN/m X 1.4 = 17.304kN/m
(ii) 20.91kN/m X 1.4 = 29.274kN/m
Ultimate dead load at 6-7 = 7.8kN/m X 1.4 = 10.92kN/m
Ultimate live load at 4-5 = 4.15kN/m X 1.6 = 6.64kN/m
Ultimate live load at 5-6 = 4.15kN/m X 1.6 = 6.64kN/m
Ultimate live load at 6-7 = 2.25kN/m X 1.6 = 3.6kN/m
Total load on 4-5 = 35.914kN/m
Total load on 5-6 = (I) 23.944kN/m; (ii) 35.914kN/m
Total load on 6-7 = 14.52kN/m
Reaction forces
Point loads acting at beam
Sub beam F-H/6
Reaction force Ra = point load @6 = 109.95kN
(as calculated in Beam F-H/6 analysis)
Transforming ultimate load into point load
4-5 = 20.91kN/m X 1.3m = 27.183kN
5-6 = (i) 12.36kN/m X 1.25m = 15.45kN
(ii) 20.91kN/m X 1.3m = 27.183kN
6-7 = 7.8kN/m X 2.2m = 17.16kN
Free body diagram
22. Building Structure 22 Project 2
Calculating reaction forces
∑MB = (Ra X 6) – (27.183 X 5.35) – (15.45 X 4.075) –(27.183 X 2.825)
– (109.95 X 2.2) – (17.16 X 1.1)
0 = 6Ra – 545.946
6Ra = 545.946
Ra = 90.99kN
∑Fy =0
Ra + Rb – 27.183 – 15.45 – 27.183 – 109.95 – 17.16 = 0
Rb + 90.991 – 196.926 = 0
Rb = 105.94kN
Shear force diagram and Bending Moment Diagram
23. Building Structure 23 Project 2
UDL Dead load analysis (Beam E-G/4)
Beam Self Weight
= beam size (Main beam type 2)
X concrete density
= (0.5m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3
= 2.4kN/m
Brick wall Weight
=height X thickness X brick density
=3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Dead load of E-G/3-4
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
(two-way trapezoidal)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4m/2)
= 7.2kN/m
Dead load of E-F/4-7
=0 (One way slab distributed to Ly)
Dead load of F-H/4-6
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
(two-way trapezoidal)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3.8m/2)
= 6.84kN/m
Total dead load for each sector
For E-F = 18.15kN/m
For F-G = 16.44kN/m
Live load analysis (Beam E-G/4)
For E-F
= Left slab + right slab
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (two-way trapezoidal) + 0 (one way
slab distributed on longer side)
= 1.5 kN/m2
X (4m/2)
=2.75 kN/m
24. Building Structure 24 Project 2
For F-G
= Left slab + right slab
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (two-way trapezoidal) (both left and
right)
= [1.5 kN/m2
X (4m/2)] + [1.5 kN/m2
X (3.8m/2)]
= 5.85kN/m
The Ultimate Load
Ultimate dead load at E-F = 18.15kN/m X 1.4 = 25.41kN/m
Ultimate dead load at F-H = 16.44kN/m X 1.4 = 23.016kN/m
Ultimate live load at E-F = 2.75kN/m X 1.6 = 4.4kN/m
Ultimate live load at F-G = 5.85kN/m X 1.6 = 9.36kN/m
Total load on E-F = 29.81kN/m
Total load on F-G = 32.376kN/m
Reaction forces
Point loads acting at beam
Sub beam 4-7/F
Reaction force Ra = point load @F = 90.99kN
(as calculated in Beam 4-7/F analysis)
Transforming ultimate load into point load
E-F = 29.81kN/m X 3m = 89.43kN
F-G = 32.376kN/m X 3m = 87.415kN
Free body diagram
Calculating reaction forces
∑MB = (Ra X 5.7) – (89.43 X 4.2) – (90.99 X 2.7) – (87.415 X 1.35)
0 = 5.7Ra – 739.289
5.7Ra = 739.289
Ra = 129.7kN
∑Fy =0
Ra + Rb – 89.43 – 90.99 – 87.415 = 0
Rb + 129.7 – 267.835 = 0
Rb = 138.14kN
26. Building Structure 26 Project 2
UDL Dead load analysis (Beam 3-5/E)
Beam Self Weight
= beam size (Main beam type 1)
X concrete density
= (0.6m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3
= 2.88kN/m
Brick wall Weight
= height X thickness X brick density
= 3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Dead load of E-G/3-4
= [Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)] 2/3
(two-way triangular)
= [0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4m/2)] 2/3
= 4.8kN/m
Dead load of E-F/4-7
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (one-way)
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3m/2)
= 5.4kN/m
Total dead load for each sector
For 3-4 = 16.23kN/m
For 4-5 = 16.83kN/m
Live load analysis (Beam 3-5/E)
For 3-4
= [1.5kN/m2
X (4m/2)] 2/3 (two-way triangular)
= 2kN/m
For 4-5
= 1.5 kN/m2
X (3m/2) (one-way)
= 2.25kN/m
27. Building Structure 27 Project 2
The Ultimate Load
Ultimate dead load at 3-4 = 16.23kN/m X 1.4 = 22.722kN/m
Ultimate dead load at 4-5 = 16.83kN/m X 1.4 = 23.562kN/m
Ultimate live load at 3-4 = 2kN/m X 1.6 = 3.2kN/m
Ultimate live load at 4-5 = 2.25kN/m X 1.6 = 3.6kN/m
Total load on 3-4 = 25.922kN/m
Total load on 4-5 = 27.162kN/m
Reaction forces
Point loads acting at beam
Sub beam E-G/4
Reaction force Ra = point load @E = 129.7kN
(as calculated in Beam E-G/4 analysis)
Transforming ultimate load into point load
3-4 = 25.922kN/m X 4m = 103.688kN
4-5 = 27.162kN/m X 1.3m = 35.311kN
Free body diagram
Calculating reaction forces
∑MB = (Ra X 4.3) – (103.688 X 3.3) – (129.7 X 1.3) – (35.311 X 0.65)
0 = 4.3Ra – 533.733
4.3Ra = 533.733
Ra = 124.12kN
∑Fy =0
Ra + Rb – 103.688 – 129.7 – 35.311 = 0
Rb + 124.12 – 268.699 = 0
Rb = 144.58kN
29. Building Structure 29 Project 2
UDL Dead load analysis (Beam D-G/7)
Beam Self Weight
= beam size (Main beam type 1)
X concrete density
= (0.6m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3
= 2.88kN/m
Brick wall Weight
=height X thickness X brick density
=3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Dead load of B-E/5-7
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
(two-way trapezoidal)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4.7m/2)
= 6.84kN/m
Dead load of E-F/4-7
= 0 (One way slab distributed to Ly)
Dead load of F-H/6-7
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (one-way)
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (2.2m/2)
= 3.96kN/m
Total dead load
For D-E = 18.27kN/m
For E-F = 11.43kN/m
For F-G = 15.39kN/m
Live load analysis (Beam D-G/7)
For D-E:
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (two-way trapezoidal)
= 1.5 kN/m2
X (4.7m/2)
=3.525 kN/m
For E-F:
= 0 (One way slab distributed to Ly)
For F-G:
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (one-way)
= 1.5 kN/m2
X (2.2m/2)
=1.65 kN/m
30. Building Structure 30 Project 2
The Ultimate Load
Ultimate dead load at D-E = 18.27kN/m X 1.4 = 25.578kN/m
Ultimate dead load at E-F = 11.43kN/m X 1.4 = 16kN/m
Ultimate dead load at F-G = 15.39kN/m X 1.4 = 21.546kN/m
Ultimate live load at D-E = 3.525kN/m X 1.6 = 5.64kN/m
Ultimate live load at E-F = 0
Ultimate live load at F-G = 1.65kN/m X 1.6 = 2.64kN/m
Total load on D-E = 29.103kN/m
Total load on E-F = 16kN/m
Total load on F-G = 24.186kN/m
Reaction forces
Point loads acting at beam
Sub beam 5-7/E
Reaction force Rb= point load @E = 94.06kN
(as calculated in Beam 5-7/E analysis)
Sub beam 4-7/F
Reaction force Rb= point load @F = 105.94kN
(as calculated in Beam 4-7/F analysis)
Transforming ultimate load into point load
D-E = 18.27kN/m X 2m = 36.54kN
E-F 11.43kN/m X 3m = 34.29kN
F-G = 15.39kN/m X 2.7m = 41.553kN
Free body diagram
31. Building Structure 31 Project 2
Calculating reaction forces
∑MB = (Ra X 7.7) – (36.54 X 6.7) – (94.06 X 5.7) – (34.29 X 4.2) – (105.94 X 2.7) –
(41.553 X 1.35)
0 = 7.7Ra – 1267.113
7.7Ra = 1267.113
Ra = 164.56kN
∑Fy =0
Ra + Rb – 36.54 – 94.06 – 34.29 – 105.94 – 41.553 = 0
Rb + 164.56 – 312.383= 0
Rb = 147.82kN
Shear force diagram and Bending Moment Diagram
33. Building Structure 33 Project 2
UDL Dead load analysis (Beam E/1-2)
Beam Self Weight
= beam size (Sub beam type 2)
X concrete density
= (0.2m X 0.3m) X 24kN/m3
= 1.44kN/m
Brick wall Weight
=height X thickness X brick density
=3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Dead load from slab C-E/1-2
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)(2/3)
(two-way triangular)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3.2m/2)(2/3)
= 3.84kN/m
Dead load from slab E-F/1-2
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
(two-way trapezoidal)
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3m/2)
= 5.4kN/m
Total dead load
For 1-2= 1.44 + 8.55 + 3.84 + 5.4
= 19.23kN/m
Live load analysis (Beam E/1-2)
Live load from slab C-E/1-2
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)(2/3)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (3.2m/2)(2/3)
= 1.6kN/m
Live load from slab E-F/1-2
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (3m/2)
= 2.25kN/m
Total live load
= 1.6 + 2.25 = 3.85kN/m
34. Building Structure 34 Project 2
The Ultimate Load
Ultimate dead load at 1-2 = 19.23kN/m X 1.4 = 26.922kN/m
Ultimate live load at 1-2 = 3.85kN/m X 1.6 = 6.16kN/m
Ultimate load on 1-2 = 33kN/m
Reaction forces
Transforming ultimate load into point load
1-2 = 33kN/m X 3.2m = 105.6kN
Free body diagram
Calculating reaction forces
∑MA = 0
0 = (105.6kN x 1.6m) – 3.2 RB
3.2RB = 168.96kN
RB = 52.8kN
Total Load = RA + RB
RA = 105.6-52.8
= 52.8kN
36. Building Structure 36 Project 2
UDL Dead load analysis (Beam C-F/2)
Beam Self Weight
= beam size (Sub beam type 1)
X concrete density
= (0.2m X 0.4m) X 24kN/m3
= 1.92kN/m
Brick wall Weight
=height X thickness X brick density
=3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Dead load from slab C-E/1-2
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
(two-way trapezoidal)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3.2m/2)
= 5.76kN/m
Dead load from slab E-F/1-2
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)(2/3)
(two-way triangular)
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3m/2)(2/3)
= 3.6kN/m
Dead load from slab C-F/2-3
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
(two-way trapezoidal)
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4.5m/2)
= 8.1kN/m
Total dead load
For C-E = 1.92 + 8.55 + 5.76 + 8.1
= 24.33kN/m
For E-F= 1.92 + 8.55 + 3.6 + 8.1
= 22.17kN/m
37. Building Structure 37 Project 2
Live load analysis (Beam C-F/2)
Live load from slab C-E/1-2
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (3.2m/2)
= 2.4kN/m
Live load from slab E-F/1-2
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (3m/2)(2/3)
= 1.5kN/m
Live load from slab C-F/2-3
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (4.5m/2)
= 3.375kN/m
Total dead load
For C-E = 2.4 + 3.375
= 5.775kN/m
For E-F= 1.5 + 3.375
= 4.875kN/m
The Ultimate Load
Ultimate dead load at C-E= 24.33kN/m X 1.4 = 34.062kN/m
Ultimate dead load at E-F = 22.17kN/m X 1.4 = 31.038kN/m
Ultimate live load at C-E = 5.775kN/m X 1.6 = 9.24kN/m
Ultimate live load at E-F = 4.875kN/m X 1.6 = 7.8kN/m
Ultimate load on C-E = 43.3kN/m
Ultimate load on E-F = 38.8kN/m
Reaction forces
Point loads acting at beam
Sub beam E/1-2
Reaction force RB = point load = 52.8kN
(as calculated in Beam E/1-2 analysis)
Transforming ultimate load into point load
C-E = 43.3kN/m X 4m = 173.2kN
E-F = 38.8kN/m X 3m = 116.4kN
Free body diagram
2.4kN/m
1.5kN/m
116.4kN
38. Building Structure 38 Project 2
Calculating reaction forces
∑MA = 0
0 = (173.2kN x 2m) + (52.8kN x 4m) + [116.4kN x (1.5m + 4m)] - 7 RB
7 RB = 1197.8 kN
RB = 171.1 kN
Total Load = RA + RB
RA = 342.4 – 171.1
= 171.3 kN
Shear force diagram and Bending Moment Diagram
39. Building Structure 39 Project 2
UDL Dead load analysis (Beam C/1-3)
Beam Self Weight
= beam size (Main beam type 1)
X concrete density
= (0.2m X 0.6m) X 24kN/m3
= 2.88kN/m
Brick wall Weight
=height X thickness X brick density
=3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Dead load from slab C-E/1-2
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)(2/3)
(two-way triangular)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3.2m/2)(2/3)
= 3.84kN/m
Dead load from slab C-F/2-3
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)(2/3)
(two-way triangular)
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4.5m/2)(2/3) = 5.4kN/m
Total dead load
For 1-2= 2.88 + 8.55 + 3.84
= 15.27kN/m
For 2-3= 2.88 + 8.55 +5.4
= 16.35kN/m
Live load analysis (Beam F-H/6)
Live load from slab C-E/1-2
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)(2/3)
= 1.5 kN/m2
X (3.2m/2)(2/3)
= 1.6 kN/m
Live load from slab C-E/2-3
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
= 1.5 kN/m2
X (4.5m/2)(2/3)
= 2.25 kN/m
40. Building Structure 40 Project 2
The Ultimate Load
Ultimate dead load at 1-2 = 15.27kN/m X 1.4 = 21.378kN/m
Ultimate dead load at 2-3 = 16.5kN/m X 1.4 = 23.1kN/m
Ultimate live load at 1-2 = 1.6kN/m X 1.6 = 2.56kN/m
Ultimate live load at 2-3 = 2.25kN/m X 1.6 = 3.6kN/m
Ultimate load on 1-2 = 23.94kN/m
Ultimate load on 2-3 = 26.7kN/m
Reaction forces
Point loads acting at beam
Sub beam C-F/2
Reaction force Ra = point load = 171.3kN
(as calculated in Beam C-F/2 analysis)
Transforming ultimate load into point load
1-2 = 23.94kN/m X 3.2m = 76.6kN
2-3 = 26.7kN/m X 4.5m = 120.15kN
Free body diagram
Calculating reaction forces
∑MA = 0
0 = (76.6kN x 1.6m) + (171.3kN x 3.2m) + [120.15 x (3.2m + 2.25m)] - 7.7 RB
7.7RB = 1325.53 kN
RB = 172.15 kN
Total Load = RA + RB
RA = 368.05-172.15
= 195.9 kN
42. Building Structure 42 Project 2
UDL Dead load analysis (Beam G/2-3)
Beam Self Weight
= beam size (Sub beam type 2) X concrete density
= (0.2m X 0.3m) X 24kN/m3
= 1.44kN/m
Brick wall Weight
=height X thickness X brick density
=3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Dead load from slab E-G/2-3
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)(2/3) (two-way triangular)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4.5m/2)(2/3) = 5.4kN/m
Dead load from slab G-H/2-3
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (two-way trapezoidal)
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3m/2) = 5.4kN/m
Total dead load
For 1-2= 1.44 + 8.55 + 5.4 + 5.4
= 20.79kN/m
Live load analysis (Beam G/2-3)
Live load from slab E-G/2-3
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)(2/3)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (4.5m/2)(2/3)
= 2.25kN/m
Live load from slab G-H/2-3
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (3m/2)
= 2.25kN/m
Total live load
= 2.25 + 2.25 = 4.5kN/m
43. Building Structure 43 Project 2
The Ultimate Load
Ultimate dead load at 2-3 = 20.79kN/m X 1.4 = 29.1kN/m
Ultimate live load at 2-3 = 4.5kN/m X 1.6 = 7.2kN/m
Ultimate load at 2-3 = 36.3kN/m
Reaction forces
Transforming ultimate load into point load
At 2-3 = 36.3kN/m X 3.2m = 116.16kN
Free body diagram
Calculating reaction forces
∑MA = 0
0 = (163.35kN x 2.25m) – 4.5 RB
4.5RB = 367.538kN
RB = 81.68kN
Total Load = RA + RB
RA = 163.36 – 81.68
= 81.68kN
45. Building Structure 45 Project 2
UDL Dead load analysis (Beam F/3-4)
Beam Self Weight
= beam size (Sub beam type 2) X concrete density
= (0.2m X 0.3m) X 24kN/m3
= 1.44kN/m
Brick wall Weight
=height X thickness X brick density
=3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Dead load from slab E-F/3-4
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (two-way trapezoidal)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3m/2) = 5.4kN/m
Dead load from slab F-H/3-4
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)(2/3) (two-way triangular)
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4m/2)(2/3) = 5.4kN/m
Total dead load
For 3-4= 1.44 + 8.55 + 5.4 + 4.8
= 20.19kN/m
Live load analysis (Beam F/3-4)
Live load from slab E-G/2-3
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (3m/2)
= 2.25kN/m
Live load from slab G-H/2-3
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)(2/3)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (4m/2)(2/3)
= 2kN/m
Total live load
= 2.25 + 2 = 4.25kN/m
46. Building Structure 46 Project 2
The Ultimate Load
Ultimate dead load at 3-4 = 20.19kN/m X 1.4 = 28.266kN/m
Ultimate live load at 3-4 = 4.25kN/m X 1.6 = 6.8kN/m
Ultimate load at 3-4 = 35kN/m
Reaction forces
Transforming ultimate load into point load
At 3-4 = 35kN/m X 4.5m =157.5kN
Free body diagram
Calculating reaction forces
∑MA = 0
0 = (157.5kN x 2.25m) – 4.5 RB
4.5RB = 354.375kN
RB = 78.75kN
Total Load = RA + RB
RA = 157.5 – 78.75
= 78.75 kN
48. Building Structure 48 Project 2
UDL Dead load analysis (Beam E-H/3)
Beam Self Weight
= beam size (Main beam type 2) X concrete density
= (0.2m X 0.5m) X 24kN/m3
= 2.4kN/m
Brick wall Weight
=height X thickness X brick density
=3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Dead load from slab E-G/2-3
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (two-way trapezoidal)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4.5m/2) = 8.1kN/m
Dead load from slab G-H/2-3
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)(2/3) (two-way triangular)
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3m/2)(2/3) = 3.6kN/m
Dead load from slab E-F/3-4
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)(2/3) (two-way triangular)
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3m/2)(2/3) = 3.6kN/m
Dead load from slab F-H/3-4
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (two-way trapezoidal)
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4m/2) = 7.2kN/m
Total dead load
From E-F= 2.4 + 8.55 + 8.1 + 3.6
= 22.65kN/m
From F-G= 2.4 + 8.1 + 7.2
= 17.7
From G-H= 2.4 + 8.55 + 3.6 + 72
= 21.75
49. Building Structure 49 Project 2
Live load analysis (Beam E-H/3)
Live load from slab E-G/2-3
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (4.5m/2)
= 3.375kN/m
Live load from slab G-H/2-3
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)(2/3)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (3m/2)(2/3)
= 1.5kN/m
Live load from slab E-F/3-4
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)(2/3)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (3m/2)(2/3)
= 1.5kN/m
Live load from slab F-H/3-4
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (4m/2)
= 3kN/m
Total live load
For E-F = 3.375 + 1.5 = 4.875kN/m
For F-G= 3.375 + 3 = 6.375 kN/m
For G-H= 1.5 + 3 = 4.5
The Ultimate Load
Ultimate dead load at E-F = 22.65kN/m X 1.4 = 31.71kN/m
Ultimate dead load at F-G = 17.7kN/m X 1.4 = 24.78kN/m
Ultimate dead load at G-H = 21.75kN/m X 1.4 = 30.45kN/m
Ultimate live load at E-F = 4.875kN/m X 1.6 = 7.8kN/m
Ultimate live load at F-G = 6.375kN/m X 1.6 = 10.2kN/m
Ultimate live load at G-H = 4.5kN/m X 1.6 = 7.2kN/m
Ultimate load at E-F = 39.51kN/m
Ultimate load at F-G = 34.98kN/m
Ultimate load at G-H = 37.65kN/m
Total live load
50. Building Structure 50 Project 2
Reaction forces
Point loads acting at beam
Sub beam F/3-4
Reaction force RA = point load = 78.75kN
(as calculated in Beam F/3-4 analysis)
Sub beam G/2-3
Reaction force RB = point load = 81.68kN
(as calculated in Beam G/2-3 analysis)
Transforming ultimate load into point load
At E-F = 39.51kN/m X 3m =118.53kN
At F-G = 34.98kN/m X 2.7m = 94.45kN
At G-H = 37.65kN/m X 3m = 112.95 kN
Free body diagram
Calculating reaction forces
∑MA = 0
0 = (118.53kN x 1.5m) + (78.75kN x 3m) + (94.45kN x 4.35) + (81.68kN x 5.7m)
+ (112.95kN x 7.2m) – 8.7 RB
8.7RB = 2103.7kN
RB = 241.8kN
Total Load = RA + RB
RA = 486.36 – 241.8
= 244.56kN
Free-body diagram Free-body diagram
53. Building Structure 53 Project 2
UDL Dead Load Analysis (Beam F/2-3)
Beam Self Weight
= beam size (sub beam type 2) X concrete density
= (0.3m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3
= 1.44kN/m
Brick Wall Weight
= height X thickness X brick density
= 3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Dead load from slab C-F/2-3
= [Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)] 2/3 (two-way triangular)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4.5m/2) 2/3 = 5.40kN/m
Dead load from slab F-H/2-3
= [Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)] 2/3 (two-way triangular)
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4.5m/2) 2/3 = 5.40kN/m
Total Dead Load
For 2-3 (i) = 20.79kN/m
(ii) = 12.24kN/m
Live Load Analysis (Beam F/2-3)
Live load from slab C-F/2.3
= [Live load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)] 2/3
= 1.5kN/m2
X (4.5m/2) 2/3
= 2.25kN/m
Live load from slab F-H/2-3
= [Live load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)] 2/3
= 1.5kN/m2
X (4.5m/2) 2/3
= 2.25kN/m
Total Live Load = 4.5kN/m
54. Building Structure 54 Project 2
Ultimate Load
Ultimate dead load at 2-3 = (i) 20.79kN/m X 1.4 = 29.10kN/m
(ii) 12.24kN/m X 1.4 = 17.13kN/m
Ultimate live load at 2-3 = 4.5kN/m X 1.6 = 7.2kN/m
Ultimate load on 2-3 (i) = 36.3kN/m
(ii) = 24.33kN/m
Reaction forces
Transforming ultimate load into point load
2-3 = (i) 36.3kN/m X 1.75m = 63.52kN
(ii) 24.33kN/m X 2.75m = 66.90kN
Free Body Diagram
Calculating Reaction Forces
∑MA = 0
0 = [(36.3kN/m X 1.75m) X 1.75m/2] + [(24.33kN/m X 2.75m) X (2.75m/2 +
1.75m)] - 4.5RB
4.5RB = 55.89kN + 209.06kN
RB = 58.87kN
Total Load = RA + RB
RA = Total load - RB
RB = 63.52kN + 66.90kN – 58.87kN
RA = 71.55kN
56. Building Structure 56 Project 2
UDL Dead Load Analysis (Beam G/3-4)
Beam Self Weight
= beam size (sub beam type 2) X concrete density
= (0.3m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3
= 1.44kN/m
Brick Wall Weight
= height X thickness X brick density
= 3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Dead load from slab E-G/3-4
= [Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)] 2/3 (two-way triangular)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4m/2) 2/3 = 4.80kN/m
Dead load from slab G-H/3-4
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (two-way trapezoidal)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3m/2) = 5.40kN/m
Total Dead Load
For 3-4 = 11.64kN/m
Live Load Analysis (Beam G/3-4)
Live load from slab E-G/3-4
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2) 2/3
= 1.5kN/m2
X (4m/2) 2/3
= 2.0kN/m
Live load from slab G-H/3-4
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (3m/2)
= 2.25kN/m
Total Live Load = 4.25kN/m
57. Building Structure 57 Project 2
Ultimate Load
Ultimate dead load at 3-4 = 11.64kN/m X 1.4 = 16.30kN/m
Ultimate live load at 3-4 = 4.25kN/m X 1.6 = 6.80kN/m
Ultimate load on 3-4 = 23.10kN/m
Reaction forces
Transforming ultimate load into point load
3-4 = 23.10kN/m X 4m = 92.40kN
Free Body Diagram
Calculating Reaction Forces
∑MA = 0
0 = [(23.1kN/m X 4m) X 4m/2] - 4RB
4RB = 184.8kN
RB = 46.20kN
Total Load = RA + RB
RA = Total load - RB
RB = 92.4kN – 46.2kN
RB = 46.2kN
59. Building Structure 59 Project 2
UDL Dead load analysis (Beam E-H/3)
Beam Self Weight
= beam size (main beam type 2) X concrete density
= (0.5m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3
= 2.40kN/m
Brick Wall Weight
= height X thickness X brick density
= 3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Dead load from slab E-F/2-3
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (two-way trapezoidal)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4.2m/2) = 7.56kN/m
Dead load from slab F-H/2-3
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (two-way trapezoidal)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4.2m/2) = 7.56kN/m
Dead load from slab E-G/3-4
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (two-way trapezoidal)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3.7m/2) = 6.66kN/m
Dead load from slab G-H/3-4
= [Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)] 2/3 (two-way triangular)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (2.7m/2) 2/3 = 3.24kN/m
Total Dead Load
For E-F = 16.62kN/m
F-G = 25.17kN/m
G-H = 21.75kN/m
60. Building Structure 60 Project 2
Live Load Analysis (Beam E-H/3)
Live load from slab E-F/2-3
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (4.2m/2)
= 3.15kN/m
Live load from slab F-H/2-3
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (4.2m/2)
= 3.15kN/m
Live load from slab E-G/3-4
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (3.7m/2)
= 2.77kN/m
Live load from slab G-H/3-4
= [Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)] 2/3
= 1.5kN/m2
X (2.7m/2) 2/3
= 1.35kN/m
Total Live Load at E-F = 5.92kN/m
F-G = 5.92kN/m
G-H = 4.50kN/m
Ultimate Load
Ultimate dead load at E-F = 16.62kN/m X 1.4 = 23.26kN/m
Ultimate dead load at F-G = 25.17kN/m X 1.4 = 35.23kN/m
Ultimate dead load at G-H = 21.75kN/m X 1.4 = 30.45kN/m
Ultimate live load at E-F = 5.92kN/m X 1.6 = 9.47kN/m
Ultimate live load at F-G = 5.92kN/m X 1.6 = 9.47kN/m
Ultimate live load at G-H = 4.5kN/m X 1.6 = 7.2kN/m
Ultimate load on E-F = 32.73kN/m
Ultimate load on F-G = 32.73kN/m
Ultimate load on G-H = 37.65kN/m
61. Building Structure 61 Project 2
Reaction forces
Point loads acting at beam
Sub beam F/2-3
Point load at F3 = 58.87kN
(as calculated in Beam F/2-3 analysis)
Sub beam G/3-4
Point load at G3 = 46.20kN
(as calculated in Beam G/3-4 analysis)
Transforming ultimate load into point load
E-F = 32.73kN/m X 2.7m = 88.37kN
F-G = 32.73kN/m X 2.7m = 88.37kN
G-H = 37.65kN/m X 3m = 112.95kN
Free Body Diagram
Calculating Reaction Forces
∑MA = 0
0 = [(32.73kN/m X 2.7m) X 2.7m/2] + (28.87kN X 2.7m) + [(32.73kN/m X 2.7m)
X 2.7m/2 + 2.7] + [46.2kN X (2.7m+2.7m)] + [(37.65kN X 3m) X
(3/2+2.7m+2.7m)] – 8.4RB
8.4RB = 1664.96kN
RB = 198.21kN
Total Load = RA + RB
RA = Total load - RB
RB = 394.76kN – 198.21kN
RB = 196.55kN
63. Building Structure 63 Project 2
UDL Dead Load Analysis (Beam E/2-3)
Beam Self Weight
= beam size (sub beam type 2) X concrete density
= (0.3m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3
= 1.44kN/m
Brick Wall Weight
= 0
Dead load from slab E-G/2-3
= [Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)] 2/3 (two-way triangular)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4.5m/2) 2/3 = 5.40kN/m
Dead load from C-E/2-3
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (two-way trapezoidal)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4m/2) = 7.20kN/m
Total Dead Load
For 2-3 = 14.04kN/m
Live Load Analysis (Beam E/2-3)
Live load from slab E-G/2-3
= [Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)] 2/3
= 1.5kN/m2
X (4.5m/2) 2/3
= 2.25kN/m
Live load from slab E-G/3-4
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (4m/2)
= 3.00kN/m
Total Live Load = 5.25kN/m
64. Building Structure 64 Project 2
Ultimate Load
Ultimate dead load at 2-3 = 14.04kN/m X 1.4 = 19.65kN/m
Ultimate live load at 2-3 = 5.25kN/m X 1.6 = 8.40kN/m
Ultimate load on 2-3 = 28.05kN/m
Reaction forces
Transforming ultimate load into point load
2-3 = 28.05kN/m X 4.5m = 126.22kN
Free body diagram
Calculating Reaction Forces
∑MA = 0
0 = [(28.05kN/m X 4.5m) X 4.5m/2] – 4.5RB
4.5RB = 126.22kN X 2.25m
RB = 63.11kN
Total Load = RA + RB
RA = Total load - RB
RB = 126.22kN – 63.11kN
RB = 63.11kN
66. Building Structure 66 Project 2
UDL Dead load analysis (Beam E/1-2)
Beam Self Weight
= beam size (sub beam type 2) X concrete density
= (0.3m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3
= 1.44kN/m
Brick Wall Weight
= height X thickness X brick density
= 3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Dead load from slab C-E/1-2
= [Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)] 2/3 (two-way triangular)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3.2m/2) 2/3 = 3.84kN/m
Total Dead Load = 13.83kN/m
Live load analysis (Beam E/1-2)
Live load from slab C-E/1-2
= [Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)] 2/3
= 1.5kN/m2
X (3.2m/2) 2/3
= 1.60kN/m
67. Building Structure 67 Project 2
Ultimate Load
Ultimate dead load at 1-2 = 13.83kN/m X 1.4 = 19.36kN/m
Ultimate live load at 1-2 = 1.6kN/m X 1.6 = 2.56kN/m
Ultimate load on 1-2 = 21.92kN/m
Reaction Forces
Transforming ultimate load into point load
1-2 = 21.92kN/m X 3.2m = 70.14kN
Free Body Diagram
Calculating Reaction Forces
∑MA = 0
0 = [(21.92kN/m X 3.2m) X 3.2m/2] – 3.2RB
3.2RB = 70.14kN X 1.6m
RB = 35.07kN
Total Load = RA + RB
RA = Total load - RB
RB = 70.14kN – 35.07kN
RB = 35.07kN
69. Building Structure 69 Project 2
UDL Dead Load Analysis (Beam C-F/2)
Beam Self Weight
= beam size (main beam type 2) X concrete density
= (0.2m X 0.5m) X 24kN/m3
= 2.40kN/m
Brick Wall Weight
= height X thickn3ess X brick density
= 3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Dead load from slab C-E/1-2
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (two-way trapezoidal)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3.2m/2) = 5.76kN/m
Dead load from slab E-F/1-2
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (two-way trapezoidal)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3.2m/2) = 5.76kN/m
Dead load from slab C-E/2-3
= [Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)] 2/3 (two-way triangular)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4m/2) 2/3 = 4.80kN/m
Dead load from slab G-H/3-4
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (two-way trapezoidal)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4.5m/2) = 8.1kN/m
Total Dead Load
For C-E = 21.51kN/m
E-F = 24.81kN/m
70. Building Structure 70 Project 2
Live Load Analysis (Beam C-F/2)
Live load from slab C-E/1-2
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (3.2m/2)
= 2.40kN/m
Live load from slab E-F/1-2
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (3.2m/2)
= 2.40kN/m
Live load from slab C-E/2-3
= [Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)] 2/3
= 1.5kN/m2
X (4m/2) 2/3
= 4.80kN/m
Live load from slab E-F/2-3
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (4.5m/2)
= 3.37kN/m
Total Live Load at C-E = 7.2kN/m
E-F = 5.77kN/m
Ultimate Load
Ultimate dead load at C-E = 21.51kN/m X 1.4 = 30.11kN/m
Ultimate dead load at E-F = 24.81kN/m X 1.4 = 34.73/m
Ultimate live load at C-E = 7.2kN/m X 1.6 = 11.52kN/m
Ultimate live load at E-F = 5.77kN/m X 1.6 = 9.23kN/m
Ultimate load on C-E = 41.63kN/m
Ultimate load on E-F = 43.96kN/m
71. Building Structure 71 Project 2
Reaction forces
Point loads acting at beam
Sub beam E/1-2
Point load at E2 = 35.07kN
(as calculated in Beam E/1-2 analysis)
Sub beam E/3-4
Point load at E2 = 63.11kN
(as calculated in Beam E/3-4 analysis)
Transforming ultimate load into point load
C-E = 41.63kN/m X 4m = 166.52kN
E-F = 43.96kN/m X 3m = 131.88kN
Free Body Diagram
Calculating Reaction Forces
∑MA = 0
0 = [(41.63kN/m X 4m) X 4m/2] + (98.18kN X 4m) + [(43.96kN/m X 3m) X
(3m/2+4m)] - 7RB
7RB = 1451.10kN
RB = 207.30kN
Total Load = RA + RB
RA = Total load - RB
RB = 166.52kN + 35.07kN + 131.88kN + 63.11kN – 207.30kN
RB = 189.28kN
73. Building Structure 73 Project 2
UDL Dead Load Analysis (Beam C/1-3)
Beam Self Weight
= beam size (main beam type 2) X concrete density
= (0.5m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3
= 2.40kN/m
Brick Wall Weight
= height X thickness X brick density
= 3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Dead load from slab A-C/1-3
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (two-way trapezoidal)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (6m/2) = 10.80kN/m
Dead load from slab C-E/1-2
= [Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2)] 2/3 (two-way triangular)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (3.2m/2) 2/3 = 3.84kN/m
Dead load from slab C-E/2-3
= Dead load (UBBL) X (Lx/2) (two-way trapezoidal)
= 0.15m X 24kN/m3
X (4m/2) = 7.20kN/m
Total Dead Load
For 1-2 = 25.59kN/m
2-3 = 28.95kN/m
Live Load Analysis (Beam C/1-3)
Live load from slab A-C/1-3
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (6m/2)
= 4.50kN/m
Live load from slab C-E/1-2
= [Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)] 2/3
= 1.5kN/m2
X (3.2m/2) 2/3
= 1.60kN/m
Live load from slab C-E/2-3
= Live Load Factor (UBBL) X (Lx/2)
= 1.5kN/m2
X (4m/2)
= 3.00kN/m
Total Live Load at 1-2 = 6.10kN/m
2-3 = 7.50kN/m
74. Building Structure 74 Project 2
Ultimate Load
Ultimate dead load at 1-2 = 25.59kN/m X 1.4 = 35.82kN/m
Ultimate dead load at 2-3 = 28.95kN/m X 1.4 = 40.53/m
Ultimate live load at 1-2 = 6.1kN/m X 1.6 = 9.76kN/m
Ultimate live load at 2-3 = 7.5kN/m X 1.6 = 12.00kN/m
Ultimate load on 1-2 = 45.58kN/m
Ultimate load on 2-3 = 52.53kN/m
Reaction forces
Point loads acting at beam
Sub beam C/1-3
Point load at C2 = 189.28kN
(as calculated in Beam C/1-3 analysis)
Transforming ultimate load into point load
1-2 = 45.58kN/m X 3.2m = 145.85kN
2-3 = 52.53kN/m X 4.5m = 236.38kN
Free Body Diagram
Calculating Reaction Forces
∑MA = 0
0 = [(45.58kN/m X 3.2m) X 3.2m/2] + (189.28kN X 3.2m) + [(52.53kN/m X
4.5m) X (4.5m/2 + 3.2m)] – 7.7RB
7.7RB = 2127.279kN
RB = 276.27kN
Total Load = RA + RB
RA = Total load - RB
RB = 145.85kN + 189.28kN + 236.38kN – 276.27kN
RB = 295.24kN
77. Building Structure 77 Project 2
Tributary area method load analysis on column G7
Height of floors = 3m
Brick wall weight
=height X thickness X brick density
=3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Beam self weight
I. (GF) D-G/7, G-H/7, (1F) D-G/7, 4-7/G, (RF) D-G/7, 4-7/G
= beam size (Main beam type 1) X concrete density
= (0.6m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3 = 2.88kN/m
II. (GF) 4-7/F, F-H/6, (RF) 4-7/F
= beam size (sub beam type 1) X concrete density
= (0.4m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3 = 1.92kN/m
Slab weight
= thickness X concrete density
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
Column self weight
= beam size X height X concrete density
= 0.3m X 0.4m X 3m X 24kN/m3
= 8.64kN
78. Building Structure 78 Project 2
Dead load acting on column G7
Roof level Slabs (Flat roof) 12.6m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
45.36kN
Roof beams (6.85m X 2.88kN/m) + (3m X 1.92kN/m) 25.488kN
1st
floor Wall self weight 6.85m (ttl wall length) X 8.55kN/m 58.568kN
Slabs 12.6m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
45.36kN
Beams 6.85m X 2.88kN/m 19.728kN
Column - 8.64kN
Grd
floor Wall self weight 10.65m (ttl wall length) X 8.55kN/m 91.058kN
Slabs 16.203m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
58.331kN
Beams (5.35m X 2.88kN/m) + (7.2m X
1.92kN/m)
29.232kN
Column - 8.64kN
Total dead load 390.405kN
Apply 1.4 dead load factor 546.567kN
Live load acting on column G7
1st
floor Residential 12.6m2
(ttl slab area) X 1.5kN/m2
18.9kN
Grd
floor Residential 16.203m2
(ttl slab area) X 1.5kN/m2
24.305kN
Total live load 43.205kN
Apply 1.6 Live load factor 69.128kN
Ultimate load on column G7 = 615.695kN
79. Building Structure 79 Project 2
Tributary area method load analysis on column G4
Height of floors = 3m
Brick wall weight
=height X thickness X brick density
=3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Beam self weight
I. (GF) G-H/4 (1F) G-H/4, 4-7/G (RF) G-H/4, 4-7/G
= beam size (Main beam type 1) X concrete density
= (0.6m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3 = 2.88kN/m
II. (GF)E-G/4, 3-4/G (1F) E-G/4 (RF) F-G/4
= beam size (Main beam type 2) X concrete density
= (0.5m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3 = 2.4kN/m
III. (GF) 4-7/F (1F) 3-4/F (RF) 3-4/F, 4-7/F
= beam size (sub beam type 1) X concrete density
= (0.4m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3 = 1.92kN/m
Slab weight
= thickness X concrete density
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
Column self weight
= beam size X height X concrete density
= 0.3m X 0.4m X 3m X 24kN/m3
= 8.64kN
80. Building Structure 80 Project 2
Dead load acting on column G4
Roof level Slabs (Flat roof) 22.903m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
82.451kN
Roof beams (4.5m X 2.88kN/m) + (3.85m X
2.4kN/m) + (5m X 1.92kN/m)
31.8kN
1st
floor Wall self weight 10.35m (ttl wall length) X 8.55kN/m 88.493kN
Slabs 22.903 m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
82.451kN
Beams (4.5m X 2.88kN/m) + (3.85m X
2.4kN/m) + (2m X 1.92kN/m)
26.04kN
Column - 8.64kN
Grd
floor Wall self weight 5.65m (ttl wall length) X 8.55kN/m 48.308kN
Slabs 21.098m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
75.953kN
Beams (1.5m X 2.88kN/m) + (4.7m X
1.92kN/m) + (3m X 1.92kN/m)
19.104kN
Column - 8.64kN
Total dead load 471.88kN
Apply 1.4 dead load factor 660.632N
Live load acting on column G4
1st
floor Residential 22.903m2
(ttl slab area) X 1.5kN/m2
34.355kN
Grd
floor Residential 21.098m2
(ttl slab area) X 1.5kN/m2
31.647kN
Total live load 66.002kN
Apply 1.6 Live load factor 105.603kN
Ultimate load on column G4 = 766.235kN
81. Building Structure 81 Project 2
Tributary area method load analysis on column E3
Height of floors = 3m
Brick wall weight
=height X thickness X brick density
=3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Beam self weight
I. (GF) C-E/3, 3-5/E (1F) C-E/3, 3-7/D (RF) C-E/3, 3-7/D
= beam size (Main beam type 1) X concrete density
= (0.6m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3 = 2.88kN/m
II. (GF) E-H/3, 2-3/F (1F) 2-3/E, 3-4/E, E-H/3 , D-G/4 (RF) E-H/3
= beam size (Main beam type 2) X concrete density
= (0.5m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3 = 2.4kN/m
III. (1F) 3-4/F (RF) D-F/4, 2-3/F, 3-4/F
= beam size (sub beam type 1) X concrete density
= (0.4m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3 = 1.92kN/m
Slab weight
= thickness X concrete density
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
Column self weight
= beam size X height X concrete density
= 0.3m X 0.4m X 3m X 24kN/m3
= 8.64kN
82. Building Structure 82 Project 2
Dead load acting on column E3
Roof level Slabs (Flat roof) 39.625m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
142.65kN
Roof beams (7m X 2.88kN/m) + (4.35m X
2.4kN/m) + (8.1m X 1.92kN/m)
46.152kN
1st
floor Wall self weight 14.195m (ttl wall length) X
8.55kN/m
121.367kN
Slabs 39.625m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
142.65kN
Beams (7m X 2.88kN/m) + (10.6m X
2.4kN/m) + (2m X 1.92kN/m)
49.44kN
Column - 8.64kN
Grd
floor Wall self weight 8.4m (ttl wall length) X 8.55kN/m 71.82kN
Slabs 28.14m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
101.304kN
Beams (4.65m X 2.88kN/m) + (6.6m X
2.4kN/m)
29.232kN
Column - 8.64kN
Total dead load 721.895kN
Apply 1.4 dead load factor 1010.653kN
Live load acting on column E3
1st
floor Residential 39.625m2
(ttl slab area) X 1.5kN/m2
59.438kN
Grd
floor Residential 28.14m2
(ttl slab area) X 1.5kN/m2
42.21kN
Total live load 101.648kN
Apply 1.6 Live load factor 162.637kN
Ultimate load on column E3 = 1173.29kN
83. Building Structure 83 Project 2
Efficiency of column
N = 0.4fcuAc + 0.8 fyAsc
N = capacity of concrete
Fcu = concrete strength (N/mm2) = 30N/mm2
Ac = cross section of concrete column
fy = yield strength of steel (N/mm2) = 460N/mm2
Asc = steel content in a column
A
c
= 300 x 400 = 120,000
A
sc
= 2 % x 120,000 = 2,400
N = 0.4f
cu
A
c
+ 0.8 f
y
A
sc
= 0.4(30)(120000) + 0.8(460)(2400)
= 1440,000 + 883,200
= 2323200 N = 2323.2kN
300mm
400mm
For column G7 = 615.695kN (sustainable load)
For column G4 = 766.235kN (sustainable load)
For column E3 = 1173.29kN (sustainable load)
85. Building Structure 85 Project 2
Tributary area method load analysis on column C1
Height of floors = 3m
Brick wall weight
=height X thickness X brick density
=3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Beam self weight
III. (GF) C/1-3, C-E/1, (FF) A-C/1, C-E/1, C/1-3, (RF) A-C/1, C-E/1, C/1-3
= beam size (Main beam type 1) X concrete density
= (0.2m X 0.6m) X 24kN/m3 = 2.88kN/m
IV. (GF) C-F/2, (FP) C-F/2, (RF) A-C/2 C-F/2
= beam size (Sub beam type 1) X concrete density
= (0.2m X 0.4m) X 24kN/m3 = 1.92kN/m
Slab weight
= thickness X concrete density
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
Column self weight
= beam size X height X concrete density
= 0.3m X 0.4m X 3m X 24kN/m3
= 8.64kN
86. Building Structure 86 Project 2
Dead load acting on column C1
Roof level Slabs (Flat roof) 26m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
93.6kN
Roof beams (10.35m X 2.88kN/m) + (6.5m X
1.92kN/m)
42.288kN
1st
floor Wall self weight 13.85m (ttl wall length) X 8.55kN/m 118.418kN
Slabs 26m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
93.6kN
Beams (10.35m X 2.88kN/m) + (3.5m X
1.92kN/m)
36.528kN
Column Standard column self weight 8.64kN
Grd
floor Wall self weight 10.85m (ttl wall length) X 8.55kN/m 92.768kN
Slabs 14.6m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
52.56kN
Beams (7.35m X 2.88kN/m) + (3.5m X
1.92kN/m)
27.888kN
Column Standard column self weight 8.64kN
Total dead load 574.93N
Apply 1.4 dead load factor 804.902kN
Live load acting on column C1
1st
floor Residential 26m2
(ttl slab area) X 1.5kN/m2
39Kn
Grd
floor Residential 14.6m2
(ttl slab area) X 1.5kN/m2
21.9kN
Total live load 60.9kN
Apply 1.6 Live load factor 97.44kN
Ultimate load on column C1 = 902.342kN
87. Building Structure 87 Project 2
Tributary area method load analysis on column F1
Height of floors = 3m
Brick wall weight
=height X thickness X brick density
=3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Beam self weight
V. (GF) C-F/1, F-H/1 (FF) C-F/1, F-H/1 (RF) C-F/1, F-H/1
= beam size (Main beam type 1) X concrete density
= (0.2m X 0.6m) X 24kN/m3 = 2.88kN/m
VI. (GF) E/1-2, F/1-2 (FP) E/1-2 (RF) F/1-2
= beam size (Sub beam type 2) X concrete density
= (0.2m X 0.3m) X 24kN/m3 = 1.44kN/m
Slab weight
= thickness X concrete density
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
Column self weight
= beam size X height X concrete density
= 0.3m X 0.4m X 3m X 24kN/m3
= 8.64kN
88. Building Structure 88 Project 2
Dead load acting on column F1
Roof level Slabs (Flat roof) 11.11m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
39.996kN
Roof beams (6.35m X 2.88kN/m) + (1.6m X
1.44kN/m)
20.592kN
1st
floor Wall self weight 7.95m (ttl wall length) X 8.55kN/m 67.973kN
Slabs 11.11m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
39.996kN
Beams (6.35m X 2.88kN/m) + (1.6m X
1.44kN/m)
20.592kN
Column Standard column size 8.64kN
Grd
floor Wall self weight 9.55 m (ttl wall length) X 8.55kN/m 81.65kN
Slabs 11.11m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
39.996kN
Beams (6.35m X 2.88kN/m) + (3.2m X
1.44kN/m)
22.896kN
Column Standard column self weight 8.64kN
Total dead load 350.971kN
Apply 1.4 dead load factor 491.36kN
Live load acting on column F1
1st
floor Residential 11.11m2
(ttl slab area) X 1.5kN/m2
16.665Kn
Grd
floor Residential 11.11m2
(ttl slab area) X 1.5kN/m2
16.665kN
Total live load 33.33kN
Apply 1.6 Live load factor 53.328kN
Ultimate load on column F1 = 544.688kN
89. Building Structure 89 Project 2
Tributary area method load analysis on column F2
Height of floors = 3m
Brick wall weight
=height X thickness X brick density
=3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Beam self weight
VII. (GF) C-F/2, F-H/2, F/2-3 (FF) C-F/2, F-H/2 (RF) C-F/2, F-H/2
= beam size (Sub beam type 1) X concrete density
= (0.2m X 0.4m) X 24kN/m3 = 1.92kN/m
VIII. (GF) E/1-2, F/1-2 (FF) E/1-2, E/2-3, G/2-3 (RF) F/1-2, F/2-3
= beam size (Sub beam type 2) X concrete density
= (0.2m X 0.3m) X 24kN/m3 = 1.44kN/m
Slab weight
= thickness X concrete density
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
Column self weight
= beam size X height X concrete density
= 0.3m X 0.4m X 3m X 24kN/m3
= 8.64kN
90. Building Structure 90 Project 2
Dead load acting on column F2
Roof level Slabs (Flat
roof)
24.45m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
88.02kN
Roof beams (6.35m X 1.92kN/m) + (3.85m X
1.44kN/m)
17.736kN
1st
floor Wall self
weight
10.2m (ttl wall length) X 8.55kN/m 87.21kN
Slabs 24.45m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
88.02kN
Beams (6.35m X 1.92kN/m) + (6.1m X
1.44kN/m)
20.98kN
Column Standard column size 8.64kN
Grd
floor Wall self
weight
9.55m (ttl wall length) X 8.55kN/m 81.65kN
Slabs 24.45m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
88.02kN
Beams (8.6m X 1.92kN/m) + (3.2m X
1.44kN/m)
21.12kN
Column Standard column size 8.64kN
Total dead load 510.036kN
Apply 1.4 dead load factor 714.05kN
Live load acting on column F2
1st
floor Residential 24.45m2
(ttl slab area) X 1.5kN/m2
36.675Kn
Grd
floor Residential 24.45m2
(ttl slab area) X 1.5kN/m2
36.675kN
Total live load 73.35kN
Apply 1.6 Live load factor 117.36kN
Ultimate load on column F2 = 831.41kN
91. Building Structure 91 Project 2
Efficiency of column
N = 0.4fcuAc + 0.8 fyAsc
N = capacity of concrete
Fcu = concrete strength (N/mm2) = 30N/mm2
Ac = cross section of concrete column
fy = yield strength of steel (N/mm2) = 460N/mm2
Asc = steel content in a column
A
c
= 300 x 400 = 120,000
A
sc
= 2 % x 120,000 = 2,400
N = 0.4f
cu
A
c
+ 0.8 f
y
A
sc
= 0.4(30)(120000) + 0.8(460)(2400)
= 1440,000 + 883,200
= 2323200 N = 2323.2kN
300mm
400mm
For column C1 = 902.342kN (sustainable load)
For column F1 = 544.688kN (sustainable load)
For column F2 = 831.41kN (sustainable load)
93. Building Structure 93 Project 2
Tributary area method load analysis on column C3
Height of floors = 3m
Brick wall weight
=height X thickness X brick density
=3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Beam self weight
I. (GF) C/1-3 (1F) C/1-3, A-C/3 (RF) C/1-3, A-C/3
= beam size (main beam type 2) X concrete density
= (0.5m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3 = 2.40kN/m
II. (GF) C-E/3 (1F) C-E/3 (RF) C-E/3
= beam size (sub beam type 2) X concrete density
= (0.3m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3 = 1.44kN/m
Slab weight
= thickness X concrete density
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
Column self weight
= beam size X height X concrete density
= 0.3m X 0.4m X 3m X 24kN/m3
= 8.64kN
94. Building Structure 94 Project 2
Dead load acting on column C3
Roof
level
Slabs (Flat
roof)
22.4m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
80.64kN
Roof beams (6.85m X 2.40kN/m) + (2m X
1.44kN/m)
19.32kN
1st
floor Wall self
weight
8.85m (ttl wall length) X 8.55kN/m 75.66kN
Slabs 22.4m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
80.64kN
Beams (6.85m X 2.40kN/m) + (2m X
1.44KN/m)
19.32kN
Column - 8.64kN
Grd
floor Wall self
weight
5.85m (ttl wall length) X 8.55kN/m 50.01kN
Slabs 8.6m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
30.96kN
Beams (3.85m X 2.4kN/m) + (2m X
1.44kN/m)
12.12kN
Column - 8.64kN
Total dead load 385.95kN
Apply 1.4 dead load factor 540.34KN
Live load acting on column C3
1st
floor Residential 22.4m2
(ttl slab area) X 1.5kN/m2
33.60kN
Grd
floor Residential 8.6m2
(ttl slab area) X 1.5kN/m2
12.90kN
Total live load 46.50kN
Apply 1.6 Live load factor 74.40kN
Ultimate load on column C3 = 617.74kN
95. Building Structure 95 Project 2
Tributary area method load analysis on column H2
Height of floors = 3m
Brick wall weight
=height X thickness X brick density
=3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Beam self weight
I. (GF) H/2-3 (1F) H/2-3 (RF) H/2-3
= beam size (main beam type 2) X concrete density
= (0.5m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3 = 2.40kN/m
II. (GF) H/1-2, F-H/2 (1F) H/1-2, F-H/2 (RF) H/1-2, F-H/2
= beam size (sub beam type 1) X concrete density
= (0.4m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3 = 1.92kN/m
Slab weight
= thickness X concrete density
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
Column self weight
= beam size X height X concrete density
= 0.3m X 0.4m X 3m X 24kN/m3
= 8.64kN
96. Building Structure 96 Project 2
Dead load acting on column H2
Roof
level
Slabs (Flat
roof)
11.55m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
41.58kN
Roof beams (2.25m X 2.4kN/m) + (4.45m X
1.92kN/m)
13.94kN
1st
floor Wall self
weight
6.7m (ttl wall length) X 8.55kN/m 57.28kN
Slabs 11.55 m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
41.58kN
Beams (2.25m X 2.4kN/m) + (4.45m X
1.92kN/m)
13.94kN
Column - 8.64kN
Grd
floor Wall self
weight
5.5m (ttl wall length) X 8.55kN/m 47.03kN
Slabs 11.55m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
41.58kN
Beams (2.25m X 2.4kN/m) + (4.45m X
1.92kN/m)
13.94kN
Column - 8.64kN
Total dead load 288.16kN
Apply 1.4 dead load factor 403.42kN
Live load acting on column H2
1st
floor Residential 11.55m2
(ttl slab area) X 1.5kN/m2
17.32kN
Grd
floor Residential 11.55m2
(ttl slab area) X 1.5kN/m2
17.32kN
Total live load 34.64kN
Apply 1.6 Live load factor 55.44kN
Ultimate load on column H2 = 458.86kN
97. Building Structure 97 Project 2
Tributary area method load analysis on column H3
Height of floors = 3m
Brick wall weight
=height X thickness X brick density
=3.0m X 0.15m X 19kN/m3
= 8.55kN/m
Beam self weight
I. (GF) H/2-3, E-H/3 (1F) H/2-3, E-H/3 (RF) H/2-3, E-H/3
= beam size (main beam type 2) X concrete density
= (0.5m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3 = 2.40kN/m
II. (GF) H/3-4 (1F) H/3-4 (RF) H/3-4
= beam size (sub beam type 1) X concrete density
= (0.4m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3 = 1.92kN/m
III. (GF) G/3-4 (1F) G/2-3
= beam size (sub beam type 2) X concrete density
= (0.3m X 0.2m) X 24kN/m3 = 1.44kN/m
Slab weight
= thickness X concrete density
=0.15m X 24kN/m3
= 3.6kN/m2
Column self weight
= beam size X height X concrete density
= 0.3m X 0.4m X 3m X 24kN/m3
= 8.64kN
98. Building Structure 98 Project 2
Dead load acting on column H3
Roof
level
Slabs (Flat
roof)
19.125m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
68.85kN
Roof beams (6.6m X 2.4kN/m) + (2m X
1.92kN/m)
19.68kN
1st
floor Wall self
weight
9.5m (ttl wall length) X 8.55kN/m 81.22kN
Slabs 19.125m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
68.85kN
Beams (6.6m X 2.4kN/m) + (2m X
1.92kN/m) + (2.25m X 1.44kN/m)
22.92kN
Column - 8.64kN
Grd
floor Wall self
weight
8.6m (ttl wall length) X 8.55kN/m 73.53kN
Slabs 19.125m2
(ttl slab area) X 3.6kN/m2
68.85kN
Beams (6.6m X 2.4kN/m) + (2m X
1.92kN/m) + (2m X 1.44KN/m)
22.56kN
Column - 8.64kN
Total dead load 443.74kN
Apply 1.4 dead load factor 621.24kN
Live load acting on column H3
1st
floor Residential 19.125m2
(ttl slab area) X 1.5kN/m2
28.69kN
Grd
floor Residential 19.125m2
(ttl slab area) X 1.5kN/m2
28.69kN
Total live load 57.37kN
Apply 1.6 Live load factor 91.8kN
Ultimate load on column H3 = 713.04kN
99. Building Structure 99 Project 2
Efficiency of column
N = 0.4fcuAc + 0.8 fyAsc
N = capacity of concrete
Fcu = concrete strength (N/mm2) = 30N/mm2
Ac = cross section of concrete column
fy = yield strength of steel (N/mm2) = 460N/mm2
Asc = steel content in a column
A
c
= 300 x 400 = 120,000
A
sc
= 2 % x 120,000 = 2,400
N = 0.4f
cu
A
c
+ 0.8 f
y
A
sc
= 0.4(30)(120000) + 0.8(460)(2400)
= 1440,000 + 883,200
= 2323200 N = 2323.2kN
300mm
400mm
For column C3 = 617.74kN (sustainable load)
For column H2 = 458.86kN (sustainable load)
For column H3 = 713.04kN (sustainable load)