Child Abuse and Its Impact on Students’ Psychological Well Being in NDU Munic...ijtsrd
This study was designed to investigate “The Impact of Child Abuse on Students’ Psychological Well being” in Ndu Municipality, North west Region of Cameroon. Specifically, the study seeks to investigate the impact of sexual, emotional abuse and child neglect on student’s psychological well being in secondary schools in Ndu Municipality. A mixed methods design was adopted for the study. Questionnaires for students and interview guide for teachers were used for the collection of data and a purposive sampling technique was used to select respondents. A sample of 150 students were selected and administered the questionnaire and 27 teachers were interviewed. Data was analyzed quantitatively with the aid of frequency count and percentages, hypothesis tested using Spearman Rho and Chi square. Qualitatively data was analysed using thematic analysis. Finally, findings were presented using frequency distribution tables and charts and inferential statistic was presented, 95 level of confidence interval with alpha at 0.05 levels accepting only 5 margin of errors. Findings affirmed the fact that there was a significant and positive relationship between sexual abuse and students’ psychological well being P=0.000 0.001, R=0.170 . Similarly, the findings equally revealed that there was a significant and positive relationship between emotional abuse and students’ psychological well being P=0.000 0.001, R=0.353 . Also, findings also showed that, there was a significant and positive relationship between child neglect and students’ psychological well being P=0.000 0.001, R=0.346 . The findings indicated that, child abuse has an impact on students’ psychological well being in Ndu Municipality. Based on the findings, some recommendations were made that government should ensure proper creation, implementation and dissemination of policies to address child abuse both in schools and homes. Also, parents should adopt positive values and show love towards their children in order to boost students’ psychological well being. Neba Vernat Neh | Lukong Evelyn Shulika "Child Abuse and Its Impact on Students’ Psychological Well-Being in NDU Municipality" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-6 , December 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd61212.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/61212/child-abuse-and-its-impact-on-students’-psychological-wellbeing-in-ndu-municipality/neba-vernat-neh
Introduction: About 450 million people worldwide suffer from mental or behavioral disorders and among them college students are a susceptible population. Mental distress is becoming a common health problem among university students. Suicide is a serious and growing public health problem and it remains a serious cause of death in the world. It is the second leading cause of death in college students.
Aggressive Behavior in secondary schoolsTadele Fayso
Abstract The objective of this study was to explore types, magnitude, and predictors of aggression as well as methods that teachers use to control aggressions in secondary schools of Meskan woreda of the Gurage zone. Concurrent nested design was used for the study. A total of 352 secondary school students, 18 secondary school teachers and 2 principals participated in the study. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select student participants whereas purposive sampling technique was used to select teachers and principals. Questionnaire that contained items on socio-demographic variables, scales for aggression and parenting styles were used by the researcher to collect information from the students. Qualitative data were collected from teachers and principals through FGD. Descriptive statistics, one sample t- test, and step wise linear regression analysis were conducted to analyze the data. The findings disclosed that the three forms of aggression namely indirect, verbal and physical were prevalent among adolescents in secondary school of Meskan woreda. Regarding the magnitude of aggression, the findings indicate that adolescent in secondary school of Meskan woreda scored relatively high on the measure of indirect aggression. However, as the data show the students reported low level of indirect, verbal and physical aggression as compared to the hypothesized population mean (i.e. 2.0) in each form of aggression. The linear regression analysis reveals that school setting, age, grade level and scores on the measure of perceived parental warmth/love found to be significant predicators of aggression. Together, the four independent variables have explained 12.8% of the variance in aggression. This indicates that only a small but significant part of the variance in aggression was explained by the predictor variables. Regarding the methods teachers used to control aggression advising the wrong doer, handing over the wrong doer to discipline committee, consulting with parents, expelling from class and suspending/dismissing from the school were the most common methods reported by the teachers. Recommendations were also forwarded in the light of the findings. Keywords: Aggressive behavior; Parenting style; Secondary Schools
Child Abuse and Its Impact on Students’ Psychological Well Being in NDU Munic...ijtsrd
This study was designed to investigate “The Impact of Child Abuse on Students’ Psychological Well being” in Ndu Municipality, North west Region of Cameroon. Specifically, the study seeks to investigate the impact of sexual, emotional abuse and child neglect on student’s psychological well being in secondary schools in Ndu Municipality. A mixed methods design was adopted for the study. Questionnaires for students and interview guide for teachers were used for the collection of data and a purposive sampling technique was used to select respondents. A sample of 150 students were selected and administered the questionnaire and 27 teachers were interviewed. Data was analyzed quantitatively with the aid of frequency count and percentages, hypothesis tested using Spearman Rho and Chi square. Qualitatively data was analysed using thematic analysis. Finally, findings were presented using frequency distribution tables and charts and inferential statistic was presented, 95 level of confidence interval with alpha at 0.05 levels accepting only 5 margin of errors. Findings affirmed the fact that there was a significant and positive relationship between sexual abuse and students’ psychological well being P=0.000 0.001, R=0.170 . Similarly, the findings equally revealed that there was a significant and positive relationship between emotional abuse and students’ psychological well being P=0.000 0.001, R=0.353 . Also, findings also showed that, there was a significant and positive relationship between child neglect and students’ psychological well being P=0.000 0.001, R=0.346 . The findings indicated that, child abuse has an impact on students’ psychological well being in Ndu Municipality. Based on the findings, some recommendations were made that government should ensure proper creation, implementation and dissemination of policies to address child abuse both in schools and homes. Also, parents should adopt positive values and show love towards their children in order to boost students’ psychological well being. Neba Vernat Neh | Lukong Evelyn Shulika "Child Abuse and Its Impact on Students’ Psychological Well-Being in NDU Municipality" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-6 , December 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd61212.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/61212/child-abuse-and-its-impact-on-students’-psychological-wellbeing-in-ndu-municipality/neba-vernat-neh
Introduction: About 450 million people worldwide suffer from mental or behavioral disorders and among them college students are a susceptible population. Mental distress is becoming a common health problem among university students. Suicide is a serious and growing public health problem and it remains a serious cause of death in the world. It is the second leading cause of death in college students.
Aggressive Behavior in secondary schoolsTadele Fayso
Abstract The objective of this study was to explore types, magnitude, and predictors of aggression as well as methods that teachers use to control aggressions in secondary schools of Meskan woreda of the Gurage zone. Concurrent nested design was used for the study. A total of 352 secondary school students, 18 secondary school teachers and 2 principals participated in the study. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select student participants whereas purposive sampling technique was used to select teachers and principals. Questionnaire that contained items on socio-demographic variables, scales for aggression and parenting styles were used by the researcher to collect information from the students. Qualitative data were collected from teachers and principals through FGD. Descriptive statistics, one sample t- test, and step wise linear regression analysis were conducted to analyze the data. The findings disclosed that the three forms of aggression namely indirect, verbal and physical were prevalent among adolescents in secondary school of Meskan woreda. Regarding the magnitude of aggression, the findings indicate that adolescent in secondary school of Meskan woreda scored relatively high on the measure of indirect aggression. However, as the data show the students reported low level of indirect, verbal and physical aggression as compared to the hypothesized population mean (i.e. 2.0) in each form of aggression. The linear regression analysis reveals that school setting, age, grade level and scores on the measure of perceived parental warmth/love found to be significant predicators of aggression. Together, the four independent variables have explained 12.8% of the variance in aggression. This indicates that only a small but significant part of the variance in aggression was explained by the predictor variables. Regarding the methods teachers used to control aggression advising the wrong doer, handing over the wrong doer to discipline committee, consulting with parents, expelling from class and suspending/dismissing from the school were the most common methods reported by the teachers. Recommendations were also forwarded in the light of the findings. Keywords: Aggressive behavior; Parenting style; Secondary Schools
Effectiveness of Teacher Plus Psychosocial Model on Socio-Emotional Well-bein...CrimsonpublishersPPrs
Effectiveness of Teacher Plus Psychosocial Model
on Socio-Emotional Well-being of Secondary
School Students: A Randomize Control Trail by SakilaYesmin in Psychology and Psychotherapy: Research Study_Crimson Publishers
Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching Module on Effects of Substance Abuse...Abilittin James Benitto
Substance abuse has become a major problem in any growing society, the pattern of consumption of medical and non-medical use of drugs by preadolescents, adolescents and young adults, is both complex and changing. It’s mainly due to adventurous and risk-taking behaviours, acceptable to peers, curiosity to acquaint oneself with the ecstatic experiences or due to an inner urge to avoid frustrations and boredom. Substance abuse during secondary schools, colleges and universities is a serious problem in society. The present study aimed to assess the knowledge on effects of substance abuse on health and its preventive measure among adolescents by evaluating the effectiveness of video assisted teaching module and to find out the association between the pre test level of knowledge on effects of substance abuse on health among adolescence with selected demographic variables. A quasi-experimental pre and post test design without control group with experimental approach was undertaken for this study. 70 adolescence students were selected by purposive sampling and data were collected by using structured knowledge questionnaire, it was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study result shows highly significant difference between pre and post test knowledge scores and no significant association between the pre test scores when compared
to the demographic variables of adolescence. The researcher concluded that video assisted teaching program was effective in providing the knowledge regarding effects of substance abuse on health and its preventive measure among adolescents.
CYBERBULLYING EXPERIENCES OF UNIVERSITY OF MINDANAO CRIMINOLOGY STUDENTSAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT:This paper explores the cyberbullying experiences among Criminology students at the
University of Mindanao. A simple random sampling method was used to distribute the study's online
questionnaire to the respondents and to survey the target population. This study has four hundred (400)
respondents, and the respondents are Criminology students at the University of Mindanao. The findings of this
study revealed that the level of cyberbullying experiences is sometimes manifested. On the other hand, the
cyberbullying experiences of the students indicate a moderate level, which indicates that the cyberbullying
experiences of the respondents are sometimes manifested. Also, the computations showed that among the
indicators presented, the highest mean is obtained in the psychological effect, which implies that there is a
significant effect of cyberbullying experiences of the respondents in terms of the Gender level of the
respondents. Therefore, respondents with a low level of cyberbullying experiences tend to have a moderate level
of cyberbullying experience. However, there is no significant effect in terms of age and year level of the
respondents according to the results regarding the psychological, emotional, and physical impact of
cyberbullying.
KEYWORDS :cyberbullying, emotional, experiences, psychological,physical effect, and simple random
sampling method.
IMPACTS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ON CHILDREN5Impacts MalikPinckney86
IMPACTS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ON CHILDREN 5
Impacts of Domestic Violence on Children
Name of the Student
Instructor
Institution
Course
Date
Abstract
The focus of the research will be oneffects of domestic violence on children with particular attention on those children brought up by intimate partners. Exposing children to domestic violence affects children psychologically, physically and emotionally. Literature suggests that domestic violence has lasting effects on children. This research will focus on children who have reached the school-going age from five years to thirteen years.
Introduction
Purpose of the Study
The study is aimed at researching and finding out the effects of domestic violence on children.
Scope of the Study
This study will focus on domestic violence in families from an intimate partner and how the children are affected by either being victims or witnesses.
The rationale of the Study
When children are exposed to domestic violence, their mental health is negatively affected. These are aspects that affect their ability to feel empathy and make them experience social discomfort. To understand the children's emotions, forensic psychologists use their expertise to assess and identify the sources of the problem.
The hypothesis of the Question
H1:Domestic violence affects the physical and emotional well-being of children
H2: Forensic psychologists provide wholesome support to children who experience or witness domestic violence
Key Concepts
Domestic violence: the abuse of power occurs when a partner physically or psychologically abuses or dominates the other.
Intimate partner violence: this is sexual, physical, or psychological abuse
Child abuse: this is emotional or physical harm by a caregiver to the child.
Forensic Psychologist: an expert in forensics and psychology.
Literature Review
Children living in an abusive home are more likely to experience social alienation. They are mentally affected and hence find it difficult to relate with others. According to Lloyd, this is an effect that affects their performance in school due to lack of concentration (2018). These children are also anxious because they can relate to the events taking place at home. Therefore, they perform poorly because of anxiety and fear that is directed towards adults, including teachers.
Maltreatment of the children affects them over a long time leading to emotional and psychological effects. The physiological changes are due to the effects on the child's brain. This leads to the changes that cause emotional stress and depression. According to Mallett and Schall, domestic violence against children is classified as criminal acts under the law (2019). The impacts they have can affect the future and mental stability of the child.
Although domestic violence is known to cause negative impacts on children, there are more cases not being reported. This is primarily due to the intimidation from the perpetrator (Sullivan, 2018). The child ...
Adolescence Offence and Social Responsibilities: Perspective Upper Class Boys...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: Adolescence offence among upper-class boys remains shrouded in mystery. So scanty is our
knowledge of this group that a public image of the upper-class adolescent is non-existent, and neither the barest
trace nor suspicion is available of him as delinquent. Although the hard knot of delinquency (behavior that is apt
to try any public tolerance) is located in the bottom levels of the working class, limited studies (using selfreported techniques) have revealed delinquency throughout the class structure. But nothing is known about the
delinquency of boys who attend expensive private schools. The purpose of this paper is to study Bangladeshi
upper class adolescents’ involvement in different violent and criminal activities and their growing tendency to
commit acts of violence in high schools and the reasons behind them. This study therefore aims to provide such
data by attempting to understand the different influential factors that are closely related with the involvement of
adolescence offence in Bangladesh. This study is based on primary data of 200 upper class adolescents who are
involved in different criminal activities of Dhaka city, 40 parents, 30 secondary school teachers, 20 social
workers and on review of secondary literatures. After collecting the data they are transcribed, tabulated and
analyzed in terms of the research objectives. This study shows that parents’ detachment, low internet cost, social
media, reluctantness of law and enforcement agencies and friends’ influence play the most important role on
upper class adolescence offence. This study also recommends some ways to mitigate this problem.
KEY WORDS: adolescence, violence, social responsibility, mental health etc.
Bullying is a worldwide issue that can be seen in any school; it is not limited to one type of
public, private, primary or secondary, urban or rural institution and, as a result, brings anxiety, decreased
school absenteeism, academic school performance, and can even contribute to the suicide of bullying victims.
Peer Attachment and Intention of Aggressive Behavior among School Childreniosrjce
This paper attempts to ascertain the relationship between peer attachment and intention of
aggressive behavior amongst school children. There are literatures related to peer attachment quality and its
effects on adjustment and development.However, relatively little attention has been paid to the relationship
between peer attachments and intention of aggressive behavior. Positive peer attachment, respectively, have
been viewed as protective factors, that prevent peers from engaging in intention of aggressive behaviors, like
violence, risky sexual behavior, and bullying.. While the negative aspect of peer insecure attachment from the
school which is associated with more problematic functioning including higher rates of emotional problems,
substance use, aggression and delinquency. In this study, respondentswere 426 school children (males 199 and
females 227) between 13-17 years old. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation
and t-test for student’sage groups.Peer attachment was measured using inventory of parents and peer
attachment (IPPA) with respect to peer attachment and adolescent intention of aggressive behaviour. Findings
have revealed that over all respondents show that there is a significant positive relationship between peer
influences on intention of aggressive behaviour.And there is no significant difference in age group of the
respondents and intention of aggressive behaviour. Peer influence on intention of aggressive behaviour is high
which is peer to peer aggressive act within the school environment which the harm that is always intention to
cause injuries, and destroy.Thus, expressive support and attention should be extended not just to the victims of
intention of aggressive behaviour cases, but also to intimidators. Recommendation of the study centers on the
need to examine the reports from school counselors and peers that engage in intention of aggressive behaviour.
A Study on Level of Mental Health Problems of Adolescentijtsrd
Mental health problems are very common among adolescent. This may be due to the fact that attending family members to a challenging time for many traditional and non traditional among adolescent. Adolescent after completing high school are typically younger, depend on parents for financial support, and do not work or work part time. Thus, in addition to stress related to academic load, these adolescent may have to face the task of taking on more adult like responsibilities without having yet mastered the skills and cognitive maturity of adulthood. Descriptive research design and simple random sampling technique was adopted for the study. A sample size of 60 was collected using interview scheduled. This study concludes that 58 of the respondents are having good level of mental health, 24 of the respondents are having moderate level of mental health and the remaining 18 of the respondents are having poor level of mental health. Ms. Elakkiya S | L. Jerlin Jeci "A Study on Level of Mental Health Problems of Adolescent" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd56206.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/medicine/other/56206/a-study-on-level-of-mental-health-problems-of-adolescent/ms-elakkiya-s
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Impacts of Mentor’s Strategic Communication on Adjustment Problems among Adol...Arun Varghese
ABSTRACT Introduction: Adolescence is the period of rapid changes in physical and mental state. Rapid storm of physiological changes brigs a great deal of stress and adjustment difficulties. It represents one of the critical transitions in the life span with a wide range of adjustment and mental health problems. The present study is aimed to assess the impact of Mentor’s Strategic Communication on adjustment problems among adolescents. Methodology: A quasi experimental non-equivalent control group design was chosen to assess the impact of Mentor’s Strategic Communication by using Self developed Adjustment Inventory among 60 adolescents (30 each experimental and control group) with mild and moderate adjustment problems at selected schools, Kerala. The Samples were selected based on simple random sampling. Appropriate descriptive & inferential statistics was applied to compute the results. Results: Finding reveals that out of 30 students, 70% reported moderate adjustment problems while 30% were in mild adjustment issues in experimental group. There was a significant difference for adjustment problems among experimental and control group after Mentor’s strategic communication (p<0.001). Further, number of siblings (p<0.032) and education status of father (p<0.008) found significant association to adjustment problems among schools going adolescents. Conclusion: The results of the study revealed that majority of adolescents face adjustment problems and Mentor’s strategic communication had significant impact on improvement in adjustment problems. A planned and timely infusion of mentorship strategy may help them to deal with their day to day adjustment problems and help them to focus in studies in a better way. Keywords: Adolescence, Adjustment problems, coping, stress, behavioural problems
PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING FOR STUDENTS IN BOARDING ...indexPub
This study aimed to develop a psychological well-being scale for students using Rasch analysis. The research involved 789 eligible participants aged 13-17 from East Java. The study found that gender, culture,
individual maturity development, and assistance provided significantly impact students' psychological well-being. The study oncluded that these factors are critical to ensuring the effectiveness of any intervention.
User violence in mental health services. adaptation of an instrument (habs-u-mh)David Pina
Background/Objetive
According to the World Health Organization, one out of every four violent workplace acts
takes place in the health setting. The aims of the study are to adapt the Healthcare-workers’
Aggressive Behavior Scale-Users (HABS-U) to mental health professionals, to establish the
frequency of exposure to hostile indicators and to determine which professional group is
most exposed.
Method
Study through qualitative and quantitative methodology in MH professionals of the Region
of Murcia (Spain). In the qualitative phase, 12 in-depth interviews were conducted, and during
the quantitative phase, the instrument was applied to 359 professionals of Mental Health
Services (MHS).
Results
Non-medical and nursing staff were found to be the professional group most exposed, as
well as Brief Psychiatric Inpatient and Medium-Stay Inpatient Services.
Conclusion
The resulting scale shows excellent psychometric properties. The distribution of user violence
is not homogeneous among the different professional groups of MHS. The adaptation
of the scale may be useful to detect user violence, as well as to evaluate the efficacy of intervention
programs.
This tyoe of document is a ppt report we present before, and this is also part of our lesson and i hope you can learn form it's okay to you anymore and I'm sure you can go to the store and get the rest day guro ako kato lang sa sunod lang thrn you want to go to your house and you can you talk now your here and there will be no one else has a lot of the day i married to you anymore I mean you can get well soon ing oeo sir I will be here for 3
Rubric Analysis of a case studyStudentGroup Name Course .docxjoellemurphey
Rubric: Analysis of a case study
Student/Group Name:
Course: EDD 581
Date:
Assignment: Analysis of a Case Study
Content/Development
Subject Matter:
Reflection Includes:
· Purpose of the study
· Description of the problem
· The role of the writer or writers. The methodology used in the study.
· The selected solutions for the problem
· The results of the actions taken
· Next steps that should be taken
Critique Includes:
· Important information about the participants in this study that has been learned
· Important information that comes from the study
· How this study could generalize to other settings, such as an organization or a corporation
At least 2 research questions are included that might follow from
the findings of this study
(2 pts possible)
Organization
· An introductory paragraph that provides a sufficient background on the topic and previews major points
· A concluding paragraph that summarized the content and ties the entire paper together
· Central theme/purpose is immediately clear
· Structure is clear, logical, and easy to follow
· Subsequent sections develop/support the central theme
(1.0 possible points)
Style/Mechanics
Format--10%
· The paper includes the following APA criteria; title page, page numbers, running head and reference page if applicable
· The correct APA formatting and content are followed for the APA tools listed in bullet 1 above
· Headings are used throughout the body of the paper that mirrors subject matter content expectations
· Paper is laid out effectively--uses, heading and other reader-friendly tools
· Paper is neat/shows attention to detail
Grammar/Punctuation/Spelling--10%
· Rules of grammar, usage, punctuation are followed
· Spelling is correct
Readability/Style--10%
· Sentences are complete, clear, and concise
· Sentences are well-constructed with consistently strong, varied structure
· Transitions between sentences/paragraphs/sections help maintain the flow of thought
· Words used are precise and unambiguous
· The tone is appropriate to the audience, content, and assignment
(1.0possible points)
Grade: 4 pts possible
Comments / Grade
Revised March 2001
Western Journal of Emergency Medicine 316 Volume XII, no. 3 : July 2011
original researCh
A Case Study with an Identified Bully:
Policy and Practice Implications
Lillie B. Huddleston, EdS
Kris Varjas, PsyD
Joel Meyers, PhD
Catherine Cadenhead, PhD
Georgia State University, Counseling and Psychological Services, Atlanta, GA
Supervising Section Editor: Monica H. Swahn, PhD, MPH
Submission history: Submitted January 20, 2011; Revision received January 21, 2011; Accepted March 7, 2011
Reprints available through open access at http://scholarship.org/uc/uciem_westjem.
Objective: Bullying is a serious public health problem that may include verbal or physical injury
as well as social isolation or exclusion. As a result, researc ...
Effectiveness of Teacher Plus Psychosocial Model on Socio-Emotional Well-bein...CrimsonpublishersPPrs
Effectiveness of Teacher Plus Psychosocial Model
on Socio-Emotional Well-being of Secondary
School Students: A Randomize Control Trail by SakilaYesmin in Psychology and Psychotherapy: Research Study_Crimson Publishers
Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching Module on Effects of Substance Abuse...Abilittin James Benitto
Substance abuse has become a major problem in any growing society, the pattern of consumption of medical and non-medical use of drugs by preadolescents, adolescents and young adults, is both complex and changing. It’s mainly due to adventurous and risk-taking behaviours, acceptable to peers, curiosity to acquaint oneself with the ecstatic experiences or due to an inner urge to avoid frustrations and boredom. Substance abuse during secondary schools, colleges and universities is a serious problem in society. The present study aimed to assess the knowledge on effects of substance abuse on health and its preventive measure among adolescents by evaluating the effectiveness of video assisted teaching module and to find out the association between the pre test level of knowledge on effects of substance abuse on health among adolescence with selected demographic variables. A quasi-experimental pre and post test design without control group with experimental approach was undertaken for this study. 70 adolescence students were selected by purposive sampling and data were collected by using structured knowledge questionnaire, it was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study result shows highly significant difference between pre and post test knowledge scores and no significant association between the pre test scores when compared
to the demographic variables of adolescence. The researcher concluded that video assisted teaching program was effective in providing the knowledge regarding effects of substance abuse on health and its preventive measure among adolescents.
CYBERBULLYING EXPERIENCES OF UNIVERSITY OF MINDANAO CRIMINOLOGY STUDENTSAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT:This paper explores the cyberbullying experiences among Criminology students at the
University of Mindanao. A simple random sampling method was used to distribute the study's online
questionnaire to the respondents and to survey the target population. This study has four hundred (400)
respondents, and the respondents are Criminology students at the University of Mindanao. The findings of this
study revealed that the level of cyberbullying experiences is sometimes manifested. On the other hand, the
cyberbullying experiences of the students indicate a moderate level, which indicates that the cyberbullying
experiences of the respondents are sometimes manifested. Also, the computations showed that among the
indicators presented, the highest mean is obtained in the psychological effect, which implies that there is a
significant effect of cyberbullying experiences of the respondents in terms of the Gender level of the
respondents. Therefore, respondents with a low level of cyberbullying experiences tend to have a moderate level
of cyberbullying experience. However, there is no significant effect in terms of age and year level of the
respondents according to the results regarding the psychological, emotional, and physical impact of
cyberbullying.
KEYWORDS :cyberbullying, emotional, experiences, psychological,physical effect, and simple random
sampling method.
IMPACTS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ON CHILDREN5Impacts MalikPinckney86
IMPACTS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ON CHILDREN 5
Impacts of Domestic Violence on Children
Name of the Student
Instructor
Institution
Course
Date
Abstract
The focus of the research will be oneffects of domestic violence on children with particular attention on those children brought up by intimate partners. Exposing children to domestic violence affects children psychologically, physically and emotionally. Literature suggests that domestic violence has lasting effects on children. This research will focus on children who have reached the school-going age from five years to thirteen years.
Introduction
Purpose of the Study
The study is aimed at researching and finding out the effects of domestic violence on children.
Scope of the Study
This study will focus on domestic violence in families from an intimate partner and how the children are affected by either being victims or witnesses.
The rationale of the Study
When children are exposed to domestic violence, their mental health is negatively affected. These are aspects that affect their ability to feel empathy and make them experience social discomfort. To understand the children's emotions, forensic psychologists use their expertise to assess and identify the sources of the problem.
The hypothesis of the Question
H1:Domestic violence affects the physical and emotional well-being of children
H2: Forensic psychologists provide wholesome support to children who experience or witness domestic violence
Key Concepts
Domestic violence: the abuse of power occurs when a partner physically or psychologically abuses or dominates the other.
Intimate partner violence: this is sexual, physical, or psychological abuse
Child abuse: this is emotional or physical harm by a caregiver to the child.
Forensic Psychologist: an expert in forensics and psychology.
Literature Review
Children living in an abusive home are more likely to experience social alienation. They are mentally affected and hence find it difficult to relate with others. According to Lloyd, this is an effect that affects their performance in school due to lack of concentration (2018). These children are also anxious because they can relate to the events taking place at home. Therefore, they perform poorly because of anxiety and fear that is directed towards adults, including teachers.
Maltreatment of the children affects them over a long time leading to emotional and psychological effects. The physiological changes are due to the effects on the child's brain. This leads to the changes that cause emotional stress and depression. According to Mallett and Schall, domestic violence against children is classified as criminal acts under the law (2019). The impacts they have can affect the future and mental stability of the child.
Although domestic violence is known to cause negative impacts on children, there are more cases not being reported. This is primarily due to the intimidation from the perpetrator (Sullivan, 2018). The child ...
Adolescence Offence and Social Responsibilities: Perspective Upper Class Boys...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: Adolescence offence among upper-class boys remains shrouded in mystery. So scanty is our
knowledge of this group that a public image of the upper-class adolescent is non-existent, and neither the barest
trace nor suspicion is available of him as delinquent. Although the hard knot of delinquency (behavior that is apt
to try any public tolerance) is located in the bottom levels of the working class, limited studies (using selfreported techniques) have revealed delinquency throughout the class structure. But nothing is known about the
delinquency of boys who attend expensive private schools. The purpose of this paper is to study Bangladeshi
upper class adolescents’ involvement in different violent and criminal activities and their growing tendency to
commit acts of violence in high schools and the reasons behind them. This study therefore aims to provide such
data by attempting to understand the different influential factors that are closely related with the involvement of
adolescence offence in Bangladesh. This study is based on primary data of 200 upper class adolescents who are
involved in different criminal activities of Dhaka city, 40 parents, 30 secondary school teachers, 20 social
workers and on review of secondary literatures. After collecting the data they are transcribed, tabulated and
analyzed in terms of the research objectives. This study shows that parents’ detachment, low internet cost, social
media, reluctantness of law and enforcement agencies and friends’ influence play the most important role on
upper class adolescence offence. This study also recommends some ways to mitigate this problem.
KEY WORDS: adolescence, violence, social responsibility, mental health etc.
Bullying is a worldwide issue that can be seen in any school; it is not limited to one type of
public, private, primary or secondary, urban or rural institution and, as a result, brings anxiety, decreased
school absenteeism, academic school performance, and can even contribute to the suicide of bullying victims.
Peer Attachment and Intention of Aggressive Behavior among School Childreniosrjce
This paper attempts to ascertain the relationship between peer attachment and intention of
aggressive behavior amongst school children. There are literatures related to peer attachment quality and its
effects on adjustment and development.However, relatively little attention has been paid to the relationship
between peer attachments and intention of aggressive behavior. Positive peer attachment, respectively, have
been viewed as protective factors, that prevent peers from engaging in intention of aggressive behaviors, like
violence, risky sexual behavior, and bullying.. While the negative aspect of peer insecure attachment from the
school which is associated with more problematic functioning including higher rates of emotional problems,
substance use, aggression and delinquency. In this study, respondentswere 426 school children (males 199 and
females 227) between 13-17 years old. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation
and t-test for student’sage groups.Peer attachment was measured using inventory of parents and peer
attachment (IPPA) with respect to peer attachment and adolescent intention of aggressive behaviour. Findings
have revealed that over all respondents show that there is a significant positive relationship between peer
influences on intention of aggressive behaviour.And there is no significant difference in age group of the
respondents and intention of aggressive behaviour. Peer influence on intention of aggressive behaviour is high
which is peer to peer aggressive act within the school environment which the harm that is always intention to
cause injuries, and destroy.Thus, expressive support and attention should be extended not just to the victims of
intention of aggressive behaviour cases, but also to intimidators. Recommendation of the study centers on the
need to examine the reports from school counselors and peers that engage in intention of aggressive behaviour.
A Study on Level of Mental Health Problems of Adolescentijtsrd
Mental health problems are very common among adolescent. This may be due to the fact that attending family members to a challenging time for many traditional and non traditional among adolescent. Adolescent after completing high school are typically younger, depend on parents for financial support, and do not work or work part time. Thus, in addition to stress related to academic load, these adolescent may have to face the task of taking on more adult like responsibilities without having yet mastered the skills and cognitive maturity of adulthood. Descriptive research design and simple random sampling technique was adopted for the study. A sample size of 60 was collected using interview scheduled. This study concludes that 58 of the respondents are having good level of mental health, 24 of the respondents are having moderate level of mental health and the remaining 18 of the respondents are having poor level of mental health. Ms. Elakkiya S | L. Jerlin Jeci "A Study on Level of Mental Health Problems of Adolescent" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd56206.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/medicine/other/56206/a-study-on-level-of-mental-health-problems-of-adolescent/ms-elakkiya-s
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Impacts of Mentor’s Strategic Communication on Adjustment Problems among Adol...Arun Varghese
ABSTRACT Introduction: Adolescence is the period of rapid changes in physical and mental state. Rapid storm of physiological changes brigs a great deal of stress and adjustment difficulties. It represents one of the critical transitions in the life span with a wide range of adjustment and mental health problems. The present study is aimed to assess the impact of Mentor’s Strategic Communication on adjustment problems among adolescents. Methodology: A quasi experimental non-equivalent control group design was chosen to assess the impact of Mentor’s Strategic Communication by using Self developed Adjustment Inventory among 60 adolescents (30 each experimental and control group) with mild and moderate adjustment problems at selected schools, Kerala. The Samples were selected based on simple random sampling. Appropriate descriptive & inferential statistics was applied to compute the results. Results: Finding reveals that out of 30 students, 70% reported moderate adjustment problems while 30% were in mild adjustment issues in experimental group. There was a significant difference for adjustment problems among experimental and control group after Mentor’s strategic communication (p<0.001). Further, number of siblings (p<0.032) and education status of father (p<0.008) found significant association to adjustment problems among schools going adolescents. Conclusion: The results of the study revealed that majority of adolescents face adjustment problems and Mentor’s strategic communication had significant impact on improvement in adjustment problems. A planned and timely infusion of mentorship strategy may help them to deal with their day to day adjustment problems and help them to focus in studies in a better way. Keywords: Adolescence, Adjustment problems, coping, stress, behavioural problems
PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING FOR STUDENTS IN BOARDING ...indexPub
This study aimed to develop a psychological well-being scale for students using Rasch analysis. The research involved 789 eligible participants aged 13-17 from East Java. The study found that gender, culture,
individual maturity development, and assistance provided significantly impact students' psychological well-being. The study oncluded that these factors are critical to ensuring the effectiveness of any intervention.
User violence in mental health services. adaptation of an instrument (habs-u-mh)David Pina
Background/Objetive
According to the World Health Organization, one out of every four violent workplace acts
takes place in the health setting. The aims of the study are to adapt the Healthcare-workers’
Aggressive Behavior Scale-Users (HABS-U) to mental health professionals, to establish the
frequency of exposure to hostile indicators and to determine which professional group is
most exposed.
Method
Study through qualitative and quantitative methodology in MH professionals of the Region
of Murcia (Spain). In the qualitative phase, 12 in-depth interviews were conducted, and during
the quantitative phase, the instrument was applied to 359 professionals of Mental Health
Services (MHS).
Results
Non-medical and nursing staff were found to be the professional group most exposed, as
well as Brief Psychiatric Inpatient and Medium-Stay Inpatient Services.
Conclusion
The resulting scale shows excellent psychometric properties. The distribution of user violence
is not homogeneous among the different professional groups of MHS. The adaptation
of the scale may be useful to detect user violence, as well as to evaluate the efficacy of intervention
programs.
This tyoe of document is a ppt report we present before, and this is also part of our lesson and i hope you can learn form it's okay to you anymore and I'm sure you can go to the store and get the rest day guro ako kato lang sa sunod lang thrn you want to go to your house and you can you talk now your here and there will be no one else has a lot of the day i married to you anymore I mean you can get well soon ing oeo sir I will be here for 3
Rubric Analysis of a case studyStudentGroup Name Course .docxjoellemurphey
Rubric: Analysis of a case study
Student/Group Name:
Course: EDD 581
Date:
Assignment: Analysis of a Case Study
Content/Development
Subject Matter:
Reflection Includes:
· Purpose of the study
· Description of the problem
· The role of the writer or writers. The methodology used in the study.
· The selected solutions for the problem
· The results of the actions taken
· Next steps that should be taken
Critique Includes:
· Important information about the participants in this study that has been learned
· Important information that comes from the study
· How this study could generalize to other settings, such as an organization or a corporation
At least 2 research questions are included that might follow from
the findings of this study
(2 pts possible)
Organization
· An introductory paragraph that provides a sufficient background on the topic and previews major points
· A concluding paragraph that summarized the content and ties the entire paper together
· Central theme/purpose is immediately clear
· Structure is clear, logical, and easy to follow
· Subsequent sections develop/support the central theme
(1.0 possible points)
Style/Mechanics
Format--10%
· The paper includes the following APA criteria; title page, page numbers, running head and reference page if applicable
· The correct APA formatting and content are followed for the APA tools listed in bullet 1 above
· Headings are used throughout the body of the paper that mirrors subject matter content expectations
· Paper is laid out effectively--uses, heading and other reader-friendly tools
· Paper is neat/shows attention to detail
Grammar/Punctuation/Spelling--10%
· Rules of grammar, usage, punctuation are followed
· Spelling is correct
Readability/Style--10%
· Sentences are complete, clear, and concise
· Sentences are well-constructed with consistently strong, varied structure
· Transitions between sentences/paragraphs/sections help maintain the flow of thought
· Words used are precise and unambiguous
· The tone is appropriate to the audience, content, and assignment
(1.0possible points)
Grade: 4 pts possible
Comments / Grade
Revised March 2001
Western Journal of Emergency Medicine 316 Volume XII, no. 3 : July 2011
original researCh
A Case Study with an Identified Bully:
Policy and Practice Implications
Lillie B. Huddleston, EdS
Kris Varjas, PsyD
Joel Meyers, PhD
Catherine Cadenhead, PhD
Georgia State University, Counseling and Psychological Services, Atlanta, GA
Supervising Section Editor: Monica H. Swahn, PhD, MPH
Submission history: Submitted January 20, 2011; Revision received January 21, 2011; Accepted March 7, 2011
Reprints available through open access at http://scholarship.org/uc/uciem_westjem.
Objective: Bullying is a serious public health problem that may include verbal or physical injury
as well as social isolation or exclusion. As a result, researc ...
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Assessment Of Bullying And Its Effect On Mental Health Among Secondary School Students
1. Journal of Nursing Science - Benha University ISSN 2682 – 3934
739
JNSBU
Assessment of Bullying and Its Effect on Mental Health among Secondary School Students
Gehad Ahmed Abd Elhamid 1
, Ghada Mohamed Mourad 2
and Faten Mohamed Ahmed 3
(1) Bachelor in Nursing Science 2014, (2) Professor of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing,
Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University and (3) Assistant professor of psychiatric and Mental
Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Benha University
Abstract
Background: Bullying is a major problem in every aspect of life span is one of the biggest
challenging areas within the field of education. Bullying perpetration and bullying victimization
have been observed worldwide among adolescents and being victimized is associated with poor
mental health. Aim: The current study aimed to assess bullying and its effect on mental health
among secondary school students. Research design: This study used descriptive correlational
design. Setting: This study was conducted at the secondary schools selected in Benha City.
Sample: Multi stage random sample of 300 students. Tools of data collection: Data were collected
using Socio-demographic Questionnaire, Olweus Bully and victim Questionnaire, Mental Health
Inventory. Results: The common factors influenced bullying and were significantly associated with
the occurrence of bullying in Benha secondary school such as: age 15<17 years, female gender and
residence in urban area. Physical and psychosocial victimization were the most prevalent type of
victimization among students. There was significant positive correlation between total victim and
total mental health. Conclusion: Almost of the studied subjects were victims. There was
significance positive correlation between victim and mental health. Recommendations: The
current study recommended that psychiatric mental health nurse, school health nurse and social
workers provide psycho-educational program in schools to equip students social and interpersonal
skills and know them the negative effect of bullying on colleagues.
Key words: Adolescence, Bullying, Mental health.
Introduction
Bullying exists in all communities, either
in developed or developing societies from
long years, it is considered the most common
form of aggression and violence in schools.
Multiple studies indicated that bullying makes
schools to be unsafe places for students (El-
sayed et al., 2019). Bullying is defined as
repetitive violent behavior that occurs over
time in relationships characterized by an
imbalance in power and that can be
manifested in many different ways. It is the
systematic abuse among peers or a process of
intentional and repetitive aggression,
characterized by aggressive behavior that
involves direct or indirect intimidation,
insults, harassment, exclusion and/or
discrimination (Oliveira et al., 2017).
Bullying can take different forms, it can be
physical which may involve kicking, hitting,
taking personal belonging, pushing, e. t. c., it
can also be verbal which involve teasing
maliciously, calling the victim names, being
shouted at, being humiliated, threat, isolation
e. t. c., it can also be social, for example
social exclusion, spreading of rumors,
extortion, false gossip, mocking e. t. c., and it
can also be cyber for example bringing
2. Assessment of Bullying and Its Effect on Mental Health among Secondary School Students
740
JNSBU
discomfort to others through the use of cell
phones and the internet, humiliation (Lee et
al., 2017).
Adolescence is arguably one of the most
significant yet challenging developmental
stages characterized by achieving numerous
milestones, while dealing with rapidly
unfolding emotional and social-relational
incidents. At this stage of development, it is
essential to have a healthy and successful
completion of developmentally required tasks,
as healthy adolescent progression impacts
future biopsychosocial wellbeing (Zhang et
al., 2019).
Mental health includes psychological and
social wellbeing. It has a hug influence on
how we think, feel and behave. A good state
of mental health and wellbeing is required for
an individual to carry out day to day
functions. Mental health is important at every
stage of an individual’ s life. Mental health
defined by (WHO, 2018), as being
physically, mentally and socially wellbeing,
and the absence of disease. It is
interconnected to the promotion of well-
being, prevention, treatment and rehabilitation
of people affected by mental disorders.
Adolescence who are exposed to bullying
report problems such as emotional trauma, a
negative impact on school life, syndromes
such as depression and anxiety, anxiety
spectrum disorders such as social phobia and
post-traumatic stress disorder, behaviors such
as psychotic symptoms and somatic
symptoms (e.g., stomach ache, headaches,
dizziness, and back pain), sleep disorders, and
physical damage in the short term (Çalışkan,
et al., 2019).
Psychiatric Mental Health Nurses (PMHN)
have the ability to assist in bullying
prevention in schools by early detection by
obtained information in active listening that
becomes the basis for assessment and
intervention activities. PMHN they are able to
assist in implementing anti-bullying
programs, assist victims, bullying and
individuals who are present in a bullying
incident, by providing counseling services,
and they can also be utilized to teach students
skills relating to their social contexts (Staples,
2016).
Significance of the study
Bullying has risen to become one of the
most important forms of interpersonal
violence among adolescents worldwide.
However, concerns about school-based
violence in Egypt have been raised by Egypt’s
National Center for Social and Criminal
Research, which in a recent study of students
in primary and secondary school found that
69% of students reported being bullied or
experiencing aggression from other students
(Elsayed et al., 2019).
Bullying among students not only
decreases their academic performance but
also causes mental health problems and
physical injury. The bullying may refer to the
situation of "getting picked on'' by others. It
happens to different types of repeatedly
occurring threats, harassments, abuse, ill –
treatments and victimization. So, the present
study conducted to assess bullying and its
effect on mental health among secondary
school students.
Aim of this study
The aim of this study was to assess bullying
and its effect on mental health among
secondary school students.
Research questions:
1. Is there bullying among secondary
school students?
2. What is the effect of bullying on
mental health among secondary school
students?
3. Gehad Ahmed Abd Elhamid, Ghada Mohamed Mourad and Faten Mohamed Ahmed
741
JNSBU
Subject and methods
Research Design:
Descriptive correlational design was utilized
to achieve the aims of the study.
Research setting:
The study was conducted at the secondary
schools selected in Benha City. A multistage
random sample was used to select Benha City
from Qaliubiya Government. Then, 3
secondary schools selected from Benha City
(Umm Almuminin secondary school for girls
is near from the educational administration,
Qalubia national bank secondary school for
boys is near from faculty of commerce, Joint
technical advanced business school behind the
train station) each school was selected 100
students by convenient sample. All grades
(first, second and third grade) were included.
Subject:
Sample size:-
The target of this study will consist of 300
students from secondary schools in Benha
city.
Sample technique:-
Multi stage random sample of 300 students
from above mentioned setting who fulfilled
the following inclusion criteria.
Inclusion criteria:-
Both gender
Willing to participate in the study
Free from disabilities and psychiatric
problem
Tools of data collection:
Two tools were used for data collection of
the study:
Tool I: A structured interviewing
questionnaire sheet
It was developed by the researcher it was
concerned with the following
Socio-demographic data: It contained 7
items (age, sex, family size, living with, place
of residence, number of siblings do you have,
number of siblings go to school, violence in
family).
Tool II: Olweus Bullying Questionnaire
(OBQ)
It is adopted from Olweus, (1996). The
OBQ is a self-report instrument composed of
two subscale 23 items about victimization and
23 items about bullying. The OBQ assess
frequency of various forms of practice
bullying behavior that include (physical
bullying behavior, verbal bullying behavior,
psychosocial bullying behavior and cyber
bullying behavior) and various forms from
exposed to bullying behavior "victimization"
this include (physical victim, verbal victim,
psychosocial victim and cyber victim). Each
item describes a different behavior occurred
over the past month. This instrument
respondent uses a 4 category likert scale. Give
the following values to each response: Never
= 1; Once or twice a month = 2; Around once
a week = 3, and; Several times a week = 4.
Scoring System
Total scores of Olweus Bullying
Questionnaire Scale were categorized as the
following:
Bullying Items
Max
score
non-bully
<60%
Bully
≥60%
From To From To
Physical 7 28 7 19 20 28
Verbal 7 28 7 19 20 28
Psychosocial 8 32 8 22 23 32
Cyber 1 4 1 2 3 4
Total 23 92 23 64 65 92
4. Assessment of Bullying and Its Effect on Mental Health among Secondary School Students
742
JNSBU
Victim Items
Max
score
Non-
victim
<60%
Victim
≥60%
From To From To
Physical 7 28 7 19 20 28
Verbal 7 28 7 19 20 28
Psychosocial 8 32 8 22 23 32
Cyber 1 4 1 2 3 4
Total 23 92 23 64 65 92
Scores of each participant were categorized
based on total scores of bulling and victim
scores according to the following table:
Items Bully Score Victim Score
Pure Bully ≥60% (65-92) <60% (23-64)
Pure Victim <60% (23-64) ≥60% (65-92)
Bully/Victim ≥60% (65-92) ≥60% (65-92)
Not Involved <60% (23-64) <60% (23-64)
Tool III. Mental Health Inventory (MHI)
It was developed by Lani, (2003). (MHI)
include 38 items helps in the measure of
overall emotional functioning for evaluating
mental health issues such as anxiety,
depression, behavioral control, positive effect,
and general stress. This instrument respondent
uses a 3 points likert-style response and it can
generally be done without help. The test take
approximately 5-10 minutes to administer.
Give the following values to each response:
All of the time = 1; Some of the time = 2, and;
Non of the time = 3.
Scoring system
Total scores of Mental Health Inventory
Scale were categorized as the following:
MHI Items
Max
score
Poor Average Good
From to from to From to
Anxiety 7 21 7 11 12 16 17 21
Depression 9 27 9 14 15 20 21 27
Stress 4 12 4 6 7 9 10 12
Behavioral Control 3 9 3 4 5 6 7 9
Positive Effect 15 45 15 24 25 34 35 45
Total 38 114 38 63 64 89 90 114
Ethical consideration:
All subjects were informed that
participation in the study is voluntary; no
name was included in the questionnaire sheet.
Anonymity and confidentiality of each
participant were respected and protected.
Confidentiality were assured and subject were
informed that the content of the tool were
used for research purpose only and they have
the right to refuse to participate in the study or
withdrawal at any time.
Pilot study:
Before actual study apilot study was
conducted on 10% of the students to test the
reliability and validity of the tool, clarity of
items and estimate the time needed for data
collection. A sample of 30 students was
recruited for the pilot study met the criteria
for inclusion. The pilot study revealed no
modifications in the tools. Subjects included
in the pilot study were excluded from the
main study sample.
Content Validity of the tools:
Tools were provided to a jury of 5 experts
in the psychiatric nursing (1 professor, 1
assistant professor and 3 lecturer). Tools were
checked for the relevancy, clarity,
comprehensiveness and applicability of the
questions. The tool proved to be valid.
According to their opinions, modifications
were done.
Reliability of the tool:
It was applied by the researcher for testing
the internal consistency of the tool by
administration of the same tools to the same
subjects under the similar Condition it was
found the internal consistency of Olweus
bullying questionnaire 1996 and Mental
health inventory 2003.
5. Gehad Ahmed Abd Elhamid, Ghada Mohamed Mourad and Faten Mohamed Ahmed
743
JNSBU
Field work:
The interviewed questionnaire was
conducted by the researcher for the students
in selected secondary schools, after getting of:
1- An official permission from faculty of
nursing/Benha university to the
administrators of the secondary schools
setting to conduct the study.
2- Oral informed consent was obtained from
students.
3- Brief description of the purpose of the
study was given to the students.
4- The data collected were done through
visiting the selected schools from 9 am to 1
pm, three days per week by rotation. The
fieldwork was performed in the following
sequence: In each school, study aim and
importance was clarified to the head
master and class teachers to gain their
support and cooperation. In each class, the
researcher explained the study purpose to
the students. Questionnaire sheets were
distributed between students in the class
and they were asked to fill them
individually. Each interview lasted for 30
to 40 minutes. Data were collected
throughout the period from beginning of
October, 2019 till December, 2019.
Statistical Analysis:
The collected data were organized,
analyzed using appropriate statistical
significance tests. The data were collected and
coded using the Computer Statistical Package
for Social Science (SPSS), version 21, and
was also used to do the statistical analysis of
data. Data were presented using descriptive
statistics in the form of frequencies and
percentages. A Person Correlation test was
used to compare study variables.
Degrees of the significance of results were
considered as follow:
p-value > 0.05 Not significant (NS)
p-value ≤ 0.05 Significant (S)
p-value ≤ 0.01 Highly Significant (HS)
informed that the content of the tool were
used for research purpose only and they have
the right to refuse to participate in the study or
withdrawal at any time.
6. Assessment of Bullying and Its Effect on Mental Health among Secondary School Students
744
JNSBU
Results
Table 1 illustrated the Socio-
demographic characteristics of the studied
subjects. It is found that the mean age of the
studied subjects was 16.38±1.02 years. It is
found also that females constituted slightly
less than sixty (58.3%) of the studied subjects,
Regarding to the family size, half (50%) of
the studied subjects have from 3-5 individual
in his family. The table presented that the
studied children almost (96.7%) are living
with their parents. The same table reveals that
slightly less than sixty (60%) of the studied
children are living in urban areas. Around
three quadraunt (69.9%) of the studied
children have from 1 to 3 child in their
family. This table also shows that about two
fifth (41.7%) of the studied children have not
siblings go to school. Regarding to violence
in family, the table reveals that the majority
(81.7%) of the studied children are not
exposed to violence in their family.
Table 2 shows that the majority
(90.7%,90%) of the studied subject have
physical and psychosocial victimization,
almost (85.3%) of the studied subject have
verbal victimization and about two thirds
(65.3%) of the studied subject have cyber
victimization.
Table 3 shows that slightly more than the
third (32%) of the studied subject have
psychosocial bullying, near the third (28.7%)
of the studied subject have verbal bullying,
about the quadrant (23.3%) of the studied
subject have cyber bullying and (12.3%) of
the studied subject have physical bullying.
Table 4 shows that almost (67.3%) of the
studied subject are pure victims, near the
quadrant (20.7%) of the studied subject are
bully/victims, (9.3%) of the studied subject
are not involved and (2.7%) of the studied
subject are pure bully.
Table 5 shows that almost
(67%,62%,61,4%) of the studied subject have
average positive effect, stress and anxiety and
more than half (56.3%,52.0%) of the studied
subject have average behavioral control and
depression.
Figure 1 Shows that almost (77%) of the
studied subjects have average mental health.
Table 6 shows that there is significant
positive correlation between total mental
health and age (P 0.01).
Table 7 shows that there is significant
positive correlation between total victim and
total mental health (P 0.01).
Table 8 shows that there is significant
positive correlation between verbal victim and
physical bullying (P 0.05).
7. Gehad Ahmed Abd Elhamid, Ghada Mohamed Mourad and Faten Mohamed Ahmed
745
JNSBU
Table (1): Socio-demographic Characteristics among Studied Subjects (n=300).
Socio-demographic Characteristics N Percentage
Age
15 >17 195 65.0
17-18 105 35.0
Mean±SD 16.38±1.02
Sex
Male 125 41.7
Female 175 58.3
Family Size
3-5 150 50.0
6-8 130 43.3
9-10 20 6.7
Living with
Parents 290 96.7
Relative 10 3.3
Residence
Rural 120 40.0
Urban 180 60.0
How many sibling do you have?
0 5 1.7
1-3 210 69.9
4-7 85 28.4
How many of siblings go to school
0 125 41.7
1 75 25.0
2 55 18.3
3 20 6.7
4 15 5.0
5 10 3.3
Violence in family
No 245 81.7
Yes 55 18.3
Table (2): Subscales Score of Olweus Victim Questionnaire (n=300).
Items N Percentage
Physical 272 90.7
Verbal 256 85.3
Psychosocial 270 90.0
Cyber 196 65.3
Total 264 88.0
Table (3): Subscales Score of Olweus Bully Questionnaire (n=300).
N Percentage
Physical 37 12.3
Verbal 86 28.7
Psychosocial 96 32.0
Cyber 70 23.3
Total 70 23.3
8. Assessment of Bullying and Its Effect on Mental Health among Secondary School Students
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Table (4): Prevalence of bullying among studied subjects (n=300).
Items N Percentage
Pure victims 202 67.3
Pure bully 8 2.7
Bully/victims 62 20.7
Not involved 28 9.3
Total 300 100.0
Table (5): Mental Health Inventory (MHI) Subscales among Studied Subjects (n=300).
Items Poor Average Good
N % N % N %
Anxiety 15 5.3 185 61.4 100 33.3
Depression 45 16.0 160 52.0 95 32.0
Stress 25 7.3 185 62.0 90 30.7
Behavioral control 75 25.0 170 56.3 55 18.7
Positive effect 60 20.0 200 67.0 40 13.0
Total 20 6.7 230 77.0 50 16.3
Figure (1): Total Mental Health Inventory (MHI) among Studied Subjects.
Table (6): Correlation between Age, Gender, Total Subscales Score of Olweus Bully and
Victim Questionnaire and Total Mental Health Inventory (MHI) Subscales among Studied
Subjects (n=300).
Items
Age Gender
R P R P
Total Bullying 0.016 0.789 0.044 0.452
Total Victim -0.053 0.362 -0.079 0.170
Total mental health -0.170 0.003** 0.004 0.939
r Pearson Correlation.
* Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level.
** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level.
6.7
77
16.3
0
20
40
60
80
100
Poor Average Good
Mental Health Inventory
Poor
Average
Good
9. Gehad Ahmed Abd Elhamid, Ghada Mohamed Mourad and Faten Mohamed Ahmed
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Table (7): Correlation between Total Subscales Score of Olweus Bully and Victim Questionnaire
and Total Mental Health Inventory (MHI) Subscales among Studied Subjects (n=300).
Total Mental Health Inventory
(MHI)
R P
Total
Bullying 0.028 0.633
Total
Victim
0.011 0.006**
r Pearson Correlation.
* Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level.
** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level.
Table (8): Correlation between Olweus Bully and Victim Questionnaire Subscales among Studied
Subjects (n=300).
Olweus Bully Questionnaire
Physical
Bullying
Verbal
Bullying
Psychosocial
Bullying
Cyber
Bullying
Total Bullying
r P r P R P r p R P
Olweus Victim
Questionnaire
Physical Victim -0.059 0.307 0.036 0.529 0.079 0.174 0.099 0.087 0.041 0.474
Verbal Victim -0.122 0.035* -0.078 0.175 -0.043 0.456 0.073 0.205 -0.074 0.203
Psychosocial
Victim
-0.032 0.581 0.032 0.585 0.045 0.437 0.071 0.218 0.029 0.616
Cyber Victim 0.004 0.939 0.043 0.463 0.058 0.317 0.033 0.566 0.046 0.432
Total Victim -0.073 0.205 0.001 0.989 0.033 0.568 0.088 0.127 0.003 0.955
r Pearson Correlation.
* Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level.
** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level.
Discussion
Bullying has become one of the hot
topics in schools across the world. Bullying is
a subset of aggressive behavior, which occurs
mainly between children and adolescents in
schools. It involves repetitive and intentional
use of power by one individual or group
against another, causing physical or
psychological damage (Galal et al., 2019).
Children can be directly involved in bullying
either as bullies (i.e., perpetrators) or victims
(i.e., targets) or bully/victims who are
involved in bullying both as bullies and as
victims (Galal et al., 2019). Bullying and
mental health problems are important
phenomena that can have a negative impact
on mental well-being among adolescents
(Nguyen et al., 2019).
Regarding the demographic
characteristics of the studied subjects, the
present study was carried out on 300 student
that revealed; the mean age of them was
(16.38±1.02) This showed that all the students
were adolescents and therefore are prone to
10. Assessment of Bullying and Its Effect on Mental Health among Secondary School Students
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peer pressure, drug abuse, and other
indiscipline behaviors which lead to bullying,
in addition to bullying may complicated by
normal physiological and psychological
changes that occur in puberty. This is similar
to findings of the study about factors
contributing to bullying among students in
public secondary schools in kiambu district in
kinya done by Kahunga (2014), reported that
majority (87.5%) of involved students in his
study had age below18 years while 12.5% had
age above 18 years.
Regarding the sex, the present study
showed that slightly less than sixty of the
studied subjects are females, this may be
attributed to The findings of the present study
agreed with Kijakovic & Hunt, (2015)
conducted study about Incidence of bullying
and victimization among adolescents in New
Zealand, reported that female students were
52% and 48% were males in their study
sample. In addition to Eskisu, (2014)
conducted study on "The relationship between
bullying, family function and perceived social
support among high school students, involved
683 participants from secondary schools in
Ankara, Turkey, stated that female were more
than half (52%) of sample while males were
48%, also found that the middle grade was the
largest in size and this finding is agree with
the present study. This findings are disagreed
by Elmasry et al. (2016) study was
conducted in Zagazig Center, Sharkia
Governorate, Egypt, "with 574 participants of
adolescent students" who found that more
than half (54.4%) of his sample were males
and more than two-thirds (45.6%) were
females, nearly similar to the result of Seo et
al. (2017) in korea the sample included" 2936
adolescents participants", reported 57.5 %
were males and 42.5% were females of their
studied sample. In addition to the results of
study on "The experience of bullying among
secondary school students in Greek schools"
done by Athanasiades & Kouimtzis, (2016)
showed that more than half of the sample
were boys.
Regarding to the family size, half of the
studied subjects had 3-5 person in his family.
Regarding to living with the present
study revealed that almost of the studied
subjects living with their parents, this may be
attributed to our cultures, norms and customs
of eastern community. This results are nearly
similar to Han et al. (2017) done a study on
School bullying in urban china: Prevalence
and correlation with school climate included
3777 students in China, found that most of the
students lived with their parents (73.28%)
while more than quarter (26.78%) of them
lived with one parent or others.
Regarding the place of residence the
present study showed that slightly less than
sixty (60%) of the studied children are living
in urban areas. This may be related to the
study was conducted in Benha city schools
and not included rural schools. This finding is
nearly similar to the result of O'Donnells,
(2015) conducted a study on The impact of
bullying and act variables on meaning in life
for adolescents in Colorado, the sample
included" 186 participants, reported that two-
fifth( 40.0 %) of his studied sample lived in
rural area while three-fifth (60.0%) of them
lived in urban area. The findings of the
present study disagreed with Saini & Balada,
(2019) who assessed Bullying, victimization
and fighting in secondary schools conducted
in Hisar district of Haryana state, India
included 1070 students in sample, reported
that more than half of their study’s
participants were from rural area.
Regarding number of sibling do you
have, around three quadrant (69.9%) of the
studied children had from 1 to 3 child in their
family.
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Regarding number of sibling go to
school, about two fifth of the studied children
had not siblings go to school.
Regarding to violence in family, the
majority of the studied children were not
exposed to violence in their family.
The present study indicated that, almost
of the studied children had physical and
psychosocial victimization. This may be
attributed to the most direct and obvious
physical symptoms of victimization are
injuries as a result of an aggressive physical
action such as assault or sexual victimization.
Other physical symptoms that are not a result
of injury may be indirectly caused by
victimization through psychological or
emotional responses. the experience of being
victimized may cause an individual to feel
vulnerable or helpless, being bullied is
associated with poor psychological wellbeing
of an individual and it creates insecurity and
insecure environment with negative self-
worth and respect and individual who have
being bullied undergo emotional stress
including feeling of powerless, being angry
and frightened. This result was consistent
with the results of Owuamanam, (2015)
conducted a study on Prevalence of Bullying
among Secondary School Students in Ondo
State, Nigeria "with sample of 600 students",
indicated that the psychological type of
victimization was the most common type
(58.3%) among secondary school students in
Ondo state, Nigeria. This result was
inconsistent with Garmaroudi et al. (2014)
found that verbal victimization was the most
common type reported by more than three-
fifth (61.3%) of students and physical
victimization was( 47.6%). Also, the results
of current study are disagree with Turkmen
et al. (2013) conducted a study on Bullying
among high school students in Turkey
"sample 6127 participants" reported that
verbal victimization was occurred more than
physical victimization in schools (47.3 % and
41.2 % respectively). Also, this result was
inconsistent with Elsayed et al. (2019) who
conducted a study about Factors Influence
Bullying Among Secondary School Students
in Sohag City and found that verbal
victimization was the most widely performed
type of victimization reported by about three-
fifth (59.2%) of students and physical
victimization was the least common type of
victimization(32.8%).
Regarding bullying behavior, The present
study showed that slightly more than the third
(32%) of the studied subject had psychosocial
bullying. This can be attributed to having low
self-esteem, others may like conflict and
aggression, feeling angry or frustrated and
some may be emotionally neglected, bullied,
abused or be experiencing violence
themselves and lack understanding of others
mental state, poor self-control and judgment
which facilitate in impulsive aggressive
behavior. This result was inconsistent with
Nasheeda et al. (2017) who conducted a
study about Relationships between bullies,
victims and mental health issues among
Adolescents and found that verbal bullying is
the most common type of bullying among
males and females in Maldives.
Regarding prevalence of bullying among
studied subjects, the present study revealed
that almost of the studied subject are pure
victims. This finding may be attributed to
according to bio psychosocial diathesis-stress
model, when the biological and cognitive
vulnerabilities interact with environmental
stressors, such as being unpopular among
friends, poor and unstable relationships with
parents places individuals at risk of being
bullied. This finding supported by Saini &
Balada, (2019) reported that majority
(81.31%) of students participated in their
12. Assessment of Bullying and Its Effect on Mental Health among Secondary School Students
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study were victims of bullying. Also this
result was in the same line with Elsayed et al.
(2019) who conducted a study about Factors
Influence Bullying among Secondary School
Students in Sohag City and found that
majority (78.7%) of the sample were victims
of bullying. Moreover the findings of the
present study disagreed with the results of
Alavi et al. (2015) found that bullying
victimization was 48.53% among students.
This result was inconsistent with Galal et al.
(2019) who conducted a study about
Prevalence and correlates of bullying and
victimization among school students in rural
Egypt and found that the highest prevalence
was for bully-victims (57.8%), 9.5% were
unique bullies and 10.5% were unique
victims.
Also, regarding mental health inventory,
the present study found that the majority of
the Studied Subjects had average positive
effect, stress and anxiety. This finding may be
attributed to These findings do raise some
serious concerns as literature suggest that
social factors such as being unpopular among
friends, having fewer friends, unstable
relationships places stress on the individuals.
Stress is considered as a contributing element
to poor functioning of immune system and
causes mental problems, such as anxiety,
depression and other psychological illnesses.
This result was inconsistent with Nasheeda et
al. (2017) who conducted a study about
Relationships between bullies, victims and
mental health issues among Adolescents and
found that findings on the types of mental
health issues among adolescents in Maldives
revealed that 23% reported being anxious
frequently, where as 24% reported being
depressed, 77.6% reported low behavior
control, 37% were low on general positive
affect, 55% had weaker emotional ties with
significant others in their lives.
Regarding total mental health inventory
(MHI) among studied subjects, the present
study revealed that almost of the studied
subjects had average mental health. This
finding may be attributed to having few
friends, having feeling of loneliness, social
disadvantage as poverty or debt. This result
was inconsistent with Musa, (2016) who
conducted a study about Association between
bullying, mental health and school
performance in form one pupils in secondary
schools in Kisumu and found that there was
poor mental health.
The present study showed that there was
significant positive correlation between age
and mental health (P 0.01). This finding may
be attributed to multiple factors determine
mental health outcomes during adolescence
include a desire for greater autonomy,
pressure to conform with peers, exploration of
sexual identity, and increase access to and use
of technology. Media influence and gender
norms can exacerbate the disparity between
an adolescence lived reality and their
perceptions or aspirations for the future. Other
important determinants include the quality of
their home life and relationships with peers.
Violence (bullying) and socioeconomic
problems are recognized risks to mental
health. This result was inconsistent with the
result of Nasheeda et al. (2017) who
conducted a study about Relationships
between bullies, victims and mental health
issues among Adolescents and found that
there is no relationship between age and
mental health among adolescents in Maldives
The present study showed that there was
significant positive correlation between total
victimization and mental health inventory (P
0.01). This finding may be attributed to the
notion supports biopsychosocial model of
stress, as bullying is a stressful event which
leaves the individual very vulnerable and
13. Gehad Ahmed Abd Elhamid, Ghada Mohamed Mourad and Faten Mohamed Ahmed
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helpless. Thus, these feeling will cause
negative thoughts which will affect their
mental state and when victims experience
bullying their bodies respond with
biochemical reactions by providing more
glucose to compensate for the oxygen and
energy to fight or flight the situation. This
result was consistent with the result of
Nasheeda et al. (2017) who conducted a
study about Relationships between bullies,
victims and mental health issues among
Adolescents and found that the relationship
between victimization and mental health
revealed that being bullied has a significant
positive relationship on mental health. Also
this result was in the same line with Musa,
(2016) who conducted a study about
Association between bullying, mental health
and school performance in form one pupils in
secondary schools in Kisumu and found that
there was strong association between being
bullied and mental health.
The present study showed that there was
significant positive correlation between verbal
victim and physical bullying (P 0.05). This
can be attributed to the person who does
physical bullying takes advantage of his
strong body and the victim is often weakly
built and cannot defend himself physically, so
he uses words to breathe out of his anger and
the harm he is inflicting on him. Verbal
victim is considered easy and does not require
physical strength as other type. This result
was consistent with Johansoon & Englund,
(2020) who conducted a study on
Cyberbullying and its relationship with
physical, verbal, and relational bullying and
found that relationship between verbal victim
and physical bullying.
Conclusion
The common factors influenced bullying
and were significantly associated with the
occurrence of bullying in Benha secondary
school such as: age 15<17 years, female
gender and residence in urban area. Physical
and psychosocial victimization were the most
prevalent type of victimization among
students. Psychosocial bullying was the most
common prevalent type of bullying behavior
among students. Almost of the studied
subjects were pure victims. Almost of the
studied subject had average positive effect,
stress and anxiety. Almost of the studied
subjects had average mental health. There was
significance positive correlation between age
and mental health. There was significance
positive correlation between victim and
mental health. There was significance positive
correlation between verbal victim and
physical bullying.
Recommendations
Awareness program for family and
community about signs and symptoms,
factors influence bullying in schools and
how to deal with it.
Provide psycho-educational program by
psychiatric mental health nurse, school
health nurse and social workers in schools
to equip students social and interpersonal
skills and know them the negative effect of
bullying on colleagues.
PMHN should be encourage students
themselves to actively participate in the
supervision and prevention of bullying.
Put enacted laws regarding bullying,
should students and community know legal
consequences for practice bullying
behavior.
Develop intervention program for students
in schools to help in manage bullying.
Develop a training program for staff in a
school setting on how to handle a bullying
episode, how to report it, and how to
access resources.
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Further follow-up of students by PMHN
and school nurse for predicting those at
higher risk of behavioral abnormalities.
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