1. EXPOSURE TO VIOLENCE AND
RELATIONSHIP TO BULLYING
EXPERIENCES AMONG
JUVENILES
Paligan, Julian G.
Boocan, Joab Jim B.
Gannaban, Ronnirick L.
Mahinad, Valerie V.
2. Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Today, it is evident that bullying are widely experience by
the students in the schools especially among young people.
Much of this research interest has come from the need to
understand what constitutes bullying, who is involved, and
how it affects those involved from bullies themselves, to those
who are bullied and how to prevent this violence. This
research has assisted in our understanding of many of the
effects of bullying and aggression as well as important
elements to include in and prevention programs.
3. According to the PISA 2018 report, on average, 23%
of students reported being bullied at least a few times a
month across Organization for Economic Co-operation and
Development (OECD) countries, which has serious
consequences for students’ lives (OECD, 2019). In the 2030
Agenda for Sustainable Development there are calls for
providing safe, non-violent, inclusive, effective learning
environments, for peaceful and inclusive societies (United
Nations, 2015). Bullying is seen as a barrier to ensuring
inclusive and quality education for everyone (Wang &
Florian, 2019). The evolution of bullying is different from one
country to another. Thus, some have seen a decline in the
prevalence of bullying whereas others experience an
increase in the prevalence of bullying or no significant
change (UNESCO, 2019).
4. This study aims to map out the landscape of
educational research on bullying and aggression
through bibliometric analysis. To the best of our
knowledge, a bibliometric study provides an
overview of the current state and development of
educational research on bullying and aggression,
thus it helps to determine the different strategic
ways to be applied and useful programs to
contribute and adopt in solving such problem.
5. Purpose of the Study
The objective of the study is to
determine the exposure to violence and
relationship to bullying experiences among
juveniles.
Hypothesis
There is no significant relationship
between the frequency of exposure to
violence experience among juveniles when
group according to home, school and
neighborhood.
6. Research Design
This study will use correlational design which is used in
quantitative research to determine the exposure to violence and
relationship to bullying experiences among juveniles
Research Site
The research will be conducted at Sta. Maria National
High School-Main Senior High, Sta. Maria, Alfonso Lista, Ifugao in
the S.Y. 2022-2023.
Research Respondents
The respondents will be selected through convenience
or purposive sampling of those who were bullied or
experienced bullying coming from the different strands of
Grade 11 and 12 Senior High school Students of Sta. Maria
National High School-Main,Sta. Maria, Alfonso Lista, Ifugao.
Chapter 2
Methodology
7. Sampling technique
•Purposive convenience sampling
20 respondent will be chosen per strand with a total of 60
respondents.
Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
• Students who experienced bullying (Inclusion)
• Bullying victimization to those independent grade 11 students who did
not experienced this problem. (Exclusion)
Independent Variable
• Exposure to violence and relationship to bullying experience among
juveniles.
Dependent Variable
• Determine the level of the violence to bullying experiences through the
students responses.
8. Research Instrument
A survey questionnaire was developed by the
researchers to be used in data gathering. The survey
questionnaire has 4 parts. The 1st part determine how often
do juveniles observe violence in the following: Home,
Neighborhood, School, 2nd part determines how often do
juveniles experience violence in the following environment:
Home, Neighborhood, School, 3rd part determines how often
do juveniles express violence in the following: at school and
outside of school and the 4rth part is there a significant
relationship between the frequency of exposure to violence
and experience of violence among juveniles?
9. Data Gathering Procedure
The researchers will draft a letter asking
permission to the Principal of Sta. Maria National
High School-Main before conducting the study
through the recommendation of the research
adviser. The survey questionnaire will be personally
administered to the respondents. The retrieval of
tables and code for the data analysis.
10. Data Analysis
The study uses purposive sampling to treat the
data that will be gathered.
1.Frequency Count.
It will be used to count the frequency per item.
2.Weighted Mean.
It will be used to determine the central
tendency of the respondents.
11. Informed Consent
We agree to participate in this study. We have read
the above statement and understand what will be required
and that all information will be confidential and we also
understand that we can withdraw from the study at any time
without penalty.
Name of Participant: ________ Date: __________
12. REFERENCES
Aggressive Behavior, 44(2), 185-198 https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21742
Access OJJDP publications online at www.ojp.usdoj.gov/ojjdp
Baum, K. 2005. Juvenile Victimization and Offending, 1993–2003.
Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice
Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics.
Agatston, P. W., Kowalski, R., & Limber, S. (2007). Students’ perspectives on
bullying. Journalof Adolescent Health,41(6), S59-S60.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.09.003
Bradshaw, Catherine. (2015). Translating Research to Practice in Bullying
Prevention.
Flannery, D. J., Wester, K. L., & Singer, M. I. (2004). Impact of exposure to
violence in school on child and adolescent mental health and
behavior.
Gini, G., Card, N. A., & Pozzoli, T. (2018).
Journal of community psychology, 32(5), 559-573.
https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.20019
The American psychologist. 70. 322-332. 10.1037/a0039114.
